Liberibacter solanacearum’ in the Canary Islands and psyllid ICIA Tenerife.pdf · in carrots in...

I Meeting EUPHRESCO Project Phylib - Puerto de la Cruz, 20-21 February 2013

Current situation of ‘CandidatusLiberibacter solanacearum’ in the Canary Islands and psyllid vectors

Felipe Siverio and José Ángel Reyes, Sanidad Vegetal, Tenerife; Ana Rodríguez, University of La Laguna; Estrella Hernández and Julio Hernández, ICIA, Tenerife, Spain

BACKGROUND

•1999 Yellow and red discolorations and other vegetative disorders in carrots were reported in the Canary Islands

• Phytoplasmas (stolbur and aster yellows) were detected in symptomatic plants

•Bactericera trigonica was found in afected crops

• Carrot cultivation in Tenerife is performed in small plots in two areas

• Visual surveys performed 2008-2009 in Tenerife confirmed the high prevalence of the vegetative disorders in carrots

Symptoms

yellow and purple discolouration of leaves

leaf curling, stunting of roots and shoots, and proliferation of secondary roots.

Symptoms

Bactericera cockerelli

Potato zebra chip

Muestra Codigo Fecha Origen Liberibacter

10/0638 T2 28/05/2009 Tegueste 8/2210/0639 T5 21/05/2009 Icod 21/53

Psyllid samplesMuestra Codigo Fecha Origen Fitoplasmas Liberibacter

09/0503A T1 28/05/2009 Tegueste + +

09/0503C T3 28/05/2009 Tegueste - +09/0488E T6 21/05/2009 Icod + +

Following B. trigonica population in Tegueste (2009)

Traps

Evolution of Bactericera trigonica populations in 2009 (two traps)

0

50

100

150

200

25005

/08/

2009

13/0

8/20

09

20/0

8/20

09

27/0

8/20

09

03/0

9/20

09

10/0

9/20

09

17/0

9/20

09

24/0

9/20

09

02/1

0/20

09

08/1

0/20

09

15/1

0/20

09

22/1

0/20

09

30/1

0/20

09

05/1

1/20

09

12/1

1/20

09

19/1

1/20

09

26/1

1/20

09

03/1

2/20

09

10/1

2/20

09

17/1

2/20

09

Da

Nº d

e in

divi

duos

B. trigonicalife cycle

B. trigonica

B. trigonica

24,0 days

8,3 days

B. trigonica

Natural enemies? Tamarixia pronomus potential biological control agent of B. trigonica

Field trials 2012-2013 following psyllid populations

– Carrot-Psyllids-‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (2 trial/year)

– Potato-Psyllids-‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (1 trial/year)

Trioza erytreae

Bactericera sp.

Bactericera tremblayi

Bactericera sp.Bactericera trigonicaCacopsylla pyri

Serveral psyllid species found in the same areas

Field trials 2012

Plant Sampling Number of samples

Average of psyllids/sample

Carrot (1) 10 samplesOnce a week 100 153.2

Carrot (2) 10 samplesOnce a week 100 1.4

Potato 10 samplesOnce a week 70 1.5

Nº de Psílidos en zanahoria (P2)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1 (23

/8/12)

2 (30

/8/12)

3 (6/9

/12)

4 (13

/9/12)

5 (20

/9/12)

6 (28

/9/12)

7 (4/1

0/12)

8 (11

/10/12

)9 (

19/9/

12)10

(25/1

0/12)

Muestreo

Nº de Psílidos

Tratamientos fitosanitarios

Nº de Psílidos en zanahoria (1)

0250500750

10001250150017502000225025002750300032503500375040004250450047505000525055005750600062506500

Z1 (1

5/5/12

)Z2

(22/5

/12)

Z3 (2

9/5/12

)Z4

(5/6/

12)

Z5 (1

2/6/12

)Z6

(19/6

/12)

Z7 (2

6/6/12

)Z8

(3/7/

12)

Z9 (1

0/7/12

)Z1

0 (17

/7/12

)

Muestreo

Nº de Psílidos

Insecticide treatments Insecticide treatments

Nº de Psílidos en Papa

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1 (24/5/12)

2 (1/6/12) 3(14/6/12)

4(21/6/12)

5(28/6/12)

6 (5/7/12) 7(12/7/12)

Muestreo

Nº de Psílidos

Insecticide treatments

Field trials 2012

Psyllids detected in trials

CarrotBactericera trigonica, B. nigricornis, B. sp1, B. sp2, B. sp3, Cacopsylla sp., Ctenarytaina (eucalypti or spatulata)

Potato B. sp1, Bactericera trigonica

African citrus psyllid

HLB or greeningCa. Liberibacter spp.

Psyllid damageTrioza erytreae

http://www.grancanaria.com/cabgc/granja/pdfs/11.pdf

Trioza erytreae distributionThe 2009, 2010, 2012 surveys: visual inspection of the growing crop and laboratory testing

Citrus HLB has not been detected in the Canary Islands

Conclusions

• `Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum´ has been detected in carrots in Tenerife but not in potato

• Bactericera trigonica is the most frecuent psyllid in the crop but other species have also been found, some of them not previously described

• `Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum´ has been detected in psyllids from carrots in Tenerife and their vector efficiency is under study.

Thanks!!!