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FOUNDATIONSof Restaurant Management

& Culinary ArtsLevel Two

Test Book with EXAMVIEW® Assessment Suite CD-ROM

National Restaurant Association

Boston  Columbus  Indianapolis  New York  San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam  

Cape Town  Dubai  London  Madrid  Milan Munich  Paris  Montreal  Toronto

Delhi  Mexico City  Sao Paulo  Sydney  Hong Kong  Seoul  Singapore  Taipei  Tokyo

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ISBN 10: 0-13-138072-9ISBN 13: 978-0-13-138072-1

Editorial Director: Vernon AnthonyExecutive Editor: Wendy CravenEditorial Assistant: Lenore ChaitDirector of Marketing: David GesellCampaign Marketing Manager: Leigh Ann SimsSchool Marketing Manager: Laura CutoneSenior Marketing Assistant: Les RobertsAssociate Managing Editor: Alexandrina Benedicto WolfProject Manager: Kris RoachSenior Operations Supervisor: Pat TonnemanOperations Specialist: Deidra SkahillCover Designer: Jane Diane RicciardiManager, Rights and Permissions: Zina Arabia

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Meyer, William Nolan, Rachel Peña, and Wendi Safstrom

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© Copyright 2011 by the National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation (NRAEF) and published by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from NRAEF prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit written request to Copyright Permissions, National Restaurant Association Solutions, 175 West Jackson Boulevard, Suite 1500, Chicago, IL 60604-2814, Email: permissions@restaurant.org.

The information presented in this book is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended to provide legal advice or establish standards of reasonable behavior. Operators who develop food safety-related policies and procedures are urged to obtain the advice and guidance of legal counsel. Although National Restaurant Association Solutions, LLC (NRA Solutions) endeavors to include accurate and current information compiled from sources believed to be reliable, NRA Solutions and its licensor, the National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation (NRAEF), distributors, and agents make no representations or warranties as to the accuracy, currency, or completeness of the information. No responsibility is assumed or implied by the NRAEF, NRA Solutions, distributors, or agents for any damage or loss resulting from inaccuracies or omissions or any actions taken or not taken based on the content of this publication.

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PrefaceThis test book is designed to accompany Foundations of Restaurant Management & Culinary Arts—Level Two. The EXAMVIEW® CD-ROM that accompanies this test book includes all of the questions included in the print test book and allows you to gener-ate customized exams and quizzes. The print component includes all the questions and answers from the test bank. The test bank includes questions in a variety of formats including true/false, multiple choice, short answer, and essay.

The EXAMVIEW® Assessment Suite v.6.2 (including the EXAMVIEW® Test Genera-tor, EXAMVIEW® Test Manager, and EXAMVIEW® Test Player) is a comprehensive solution for creating, administering, and scoring tests. The software includes many fea-tures to save you time and generate information to assess and improve student perfor-mance.

Teachers can use the Test Generator to…

■■ Create a paper test in less than five minutes.

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■■ Automatically score an assignment.

■■ Administer and score an online test.

■■ Prepare a variety of useful class and student reports.

Students can use the Test Player to…

■■ Take quizzes and tests using a local area network.

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System RequirementsTo use the EXAMVIEW® Assessment Suite v.6.2, your computer must meet or exceed the following minimum requirements:

Windows■■ Microsoft Windows® 000/XP/Vista

■■ Intel Pentium® II 120 MHz or compatible processor

■■ 32 MB available memory for application (64 MB recommended)

■■ 32 MB of available hard drive space

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■■ Internet connection to access the content updater, software updater, and Web pub-lishing features

Macintosh■■ Mac OS X 10.2

■■ 120 MHz Power Macintosh (G3 recommended)

■■ 32 MB available memory for application (64 MB recommended)

■■ 28 MB of available hard drive space

■■ Monitor capable of displaying 16-bit color with 800 x 600 resolution

■■ Internet connection to access the content updater, software updater, and Web pub-lishing features

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Installation InstructionsFollow these steps to install the EXAMVIEW® Assessment Suite. The installer will automatically copy the question banks to a new folder within the Banks folder and may install an additional Publish folder for storing files that are needed for publishing ques-tions to the publisher-hosted server.

1. Insert the disc into the CD-ROM drive of your computer.

Windows: If the autorun feature is enabled on your computer, a window will auto-matically appear on your screen. Click the Install button and skip to step 5. If the autorun window does not appear, proceed to step 2.

Macintosh: If necessary, open the installer window then double-click the Exam-View Assessment Suite installer icon. Proceed to step 5.

2. Click the Start button and choose Run.

3. In the Run window, type d:\setup.exe, replacing d with the drive letter that corre-sponds to the drive where the setup file is located.

4. Click the OK button.

5. Follow the instructions that appear on your screen.

6. Remove the installation disc when finished.

See the Manual.pdf file on the EXAMVIEW® CD-ROM for complete steps on getting started.

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Table of ContentsTestsChapter 1 — Breakfast Food and

Sandwiches 1

Chapter 2 — Nutrition 7

Chapter 3 — Cost Control 13

Chapter 4 — Salads and Garnishing 19

Chapter 5 — Purchasing and Inventory 25

Chapter 6 — Meat, Poultry, and Seafood 33

Chapter 7 — Marketing 39

Chapter 8 — Desserts and Baked Goods 47

Chapter 9 — Sustainability in the Restaurant and Foodservice Industry 53

Chapter 10 — Global Cuisine 1: The Americas 61

Chapter 11 — Global Cuisine 2: Europe, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia 67

Final 1 73

Final 2 87

Answer KeysChapter 1 — Breakfast Food and

Sandwiches 101

Chapter 2 — Nutrition 105

Chapter 3 — Cost Control 109

Chapter 4 — Salads and Garnishing 113

Chapter 5 — Purchasing and Inventory 117

Chapter 6 — Meat, Poultry, and Seafood 121

Chapter 7 — Marketing 125

Chapter 8 — Desserts and Baked Goods 129

Chapter 9 — Sustainability in the Restaurant and Foodservice Industry 133

Chapter 10 — Global Cuisine 1: The Americas 137

Chapter 11 — Global Cuisine 2: Europe, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia 141

Final 1 145

Final 2 155

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Chapter 1Breakfast Foods

and SandwichesTrue/False 1.Creamcontainsfarmorefatthanmilk.

2.Margarineisamanufacturedproductthatlookslikebutterbutcontainsnomilkproducts.

3.Themainpartsofasandwicharethebread,filling,andspread.

4.Coffeeshouldbebrewedfreshandheldfornolongerthan2hours.

5.Gorgonzolaandromanoareexamplesofgratingcheeses.

Multiple Choice 1. Milkthathasbeenheatedtodestroy

harmfulbacteriahasbeenA.condensed.B.evaporated.C.pasteurized.D.homogenized.

2. Whichtypeofbutterhashaditsmilksolidsandwaterremovedusingheat?A.RipenedB.ClarifiedC.WhippedD.Pasteurized

3. Whatpercentageofmargarine’sfatmustcomefromfat?A.20%B.40%C.60%D.80%

4. Theprocessinwhichdairiesmakecheesebyseparatingamilk’ssolidsfromitsliquidiscalledA.curdling.B.clarification.C.pasteurization.D.homogenization.

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5. Cottagecheeseandricottaareexamplesofwhattypeofcheese?A.Blue-veinedB.Soft-ripenedC.Firm,ripenedD.Unripened,fresh

6. Whichtypeofcheesehasmoldinjectedorsprayedintothecheesetospreadthroughoutitwhileitages?A.Blue-veinedB.Soft-ripenedC.Firm,ripenedD.Unripened,fresh

7. Whatistheoptimaltemperatureforstoringcheese?A.25°Fto35°Fatalowhumidity

levelB.35°Fto45°Fatalowhumidity

levelC.35°Fto45°Fatahighhumidity

levelD.25°Fto35°Fatahighhumidity

level

8. Refrigerateddairyproductsshouldbestoredatorbelowwhichtemperature?A.21°FB.31°FC.41°FD.51°F

9. Whichpartofaneggisalsoknownasthealbumen?A.YolkB.ShellC.WhiteD.Chalaza

10. Eggscookedforimmediateserviceshouldreachaninternaltemperatureoffor15seconds.A.135°FB.145°FC.155°FD.165°F

11. WhichformofeggisbestforuseinscrambledeggsorFrenchtoast?A.FreshB.DriedC.FrozenD.Eggsubstitute

12. Eggsareconstantlystirredduringwhichcookingmethod?A.FryingB.ShirringC.PoachingD.Scrambling

13. FryinganeggonthebottomandthenturningitoverandfryingitverylightlyonitstopsideiscalledA.up.B.basted.C.overeasy.D.scrambled.

14. Asavoryeggcustardbakedinacrustiscalleda(n)A.omelet.B.quiche.C.soufflé.D.frittata.

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15. Thecookingtimeforhard-boiledeggsisminutes.A.3B.6C.10D.15

16. Whatsizeeggisthelargest?A.LargeB.ExtralargeC.SuperlargeD.Jumbo

17. SoufflésaremadewithwhippedA.eggyolks.B.eggwhites.C.wholeeggs.D.driedeggs.

18. Beforecooking,FrenchtoastisdippedinamixtureofA.milkandeggs.B.flourandwater.C.butterandeggs.D.eggyolksandsugar.

19. Baconisaboutpercentfat.A.35B.45C.60D.70

20. Rawpotatoesthathavebeenpeeledandthensliced,diced,orshreddedarecalledA.homefries.B.brownhash.C.hashbrowns.D.Frenchfries.

21. BrewingtemperaturesforcoffeearebetweenA.175°Fand180°F.B.185°Fand190°F.C.195°Fand200°F.D.205°Fand210°F.

22. Whichtypeofteahasleavesthatarefermented?A.WhiteB.BlackC.GreenD.Yellow

23. Aclubsandwichisanexampleofasandwich.A.coldB.wrapC.submarineD.multidecker

24. Atunameltisanexampleofasandwich.A.coldB.wrapC.grilledD.submarine

25. Whichtypeofsandwichconsistsoftwoslicesofbreadortwohalvesofaroll,aspread,andafilling?A.ColdB.WrapC.SubmarineD.Multidecker

26. ButterandmayonnaisearecommonexamplesofA.spread.B.filling.C.garnish.D.condiment.

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27. Lemon,chives,mustard,andhoneyareoftenusedtoflavorwhichsandwichingredient?A.BreadB.ButterC.KetchupD.Mayonnaise

28. Onahotdogwithmustard,themustardistheA.spread.B.filling.C.garnish.D.condiment.

29. Onaturkeyandcheesesandwichwithmayonnaise,theturkeyandcheesearetheA.spread.B.filling.C.garnish.D.condiment.

30. Large,multideckersandwichesorverythicksandwichesshouldbecutinA.half.B.thirds.C.quarters.D.eighths.

31. Acanapéissometimesservedasa(n)A.condiment.B.horsd’oeuvre.C.clubsandwich.D.grilledsandwich.

32. ThebesttemperaturerangetostorebreadisA.55°Fto65°F.B.65°Fto75°F.C.75°Fto85°F.D.85°Fto95°F.

33. AMonteCristobelongstowhichcategoryofsandwich?A.ColdB.GrilledC.Deep-friedD.Open-faced

34. SandwichespreparedinadvanceshouldbestoredA.coveredindrystorage.B.uncoveredindrystorage.C.coveredinarefrigerator.D.uncoveredinarefrigerator.

35. Whensteepingtea,makesurethetealeavesareexposedtowateratatemperatureofatleastforatleast5minutes.A.165°FB.175°FC.185°FD.195°F

36. WhichcookingmethodisusedtomakeeggsbenedictandeggsFlorentine?A.BakingB.FryingC.PoachingD.Simmering

37. Cheddarandgruyèreareexamplesofwhichtypeofcheese?A.Soft-ripenedB.Firm,ripenedC.Semisoft,ripenedD.Veryhard,ripened

38. Inwhatpartoftheeggisfatfound?A.YolkB.WhiteC.ShellD.Chalaza

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39. Amixtureofchoppedmeats,potatoes,andonionsiscalledA.grits.B.hash.C.homefries.D.hashbrowns.

40. ShirredeggsarefinishedbyA.baking.B.frying.C.poaching.D.simmering.

Short Answer 1. Thepointatwhichanoilorfatbeginstoburniscalledthe.

2. eggsarefriedandthensteamedinacoveredpan.

3. teaismadefrommanydifferentfruitsandherbsandisnaturallycaffeine-free.

4. isahot,open-facedItalianpiewithacrisp,yeast-doughbottom.

5. sandwichesaresmall,coldsandwichesusuallyservedonbreadortoast,trimmedofcrusts,andcutintoshapes.

Essay 1. Identifyhowtomaintainanegg’squalityandsafetyfromreceivingthrough

preparation.

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2. CompareandcontrastbaconandCanadianbacon.

3. Ispizzaasandwich?Explainyouranswer.

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Chapter 2Nutrition

True/False 1.Vitaminsdonotprovideanyenergy.

2.Simplecarbohydratesaredigestedandabsorbedquickly.

3.Completeproteinsarecalledcompletebecausetheycontainallessentialfattyacidsintherightamount.

4.Thehumanbodycanliveweekswithoutwater.

5.Thehigherthetemperatureandthelongerthecookingperiod,thelessnutrientlosstherewillbe.

Multiple Choice 1. Thestudyofthenutrientsinfoodand

howtheynourishthebodyiscalledA.nutrition.B.digestion.C.oxidation.D.absorption.

2. Drybeans,rice,andoatmealareconsideredwhattypeofcarbohydrate?A.SimpleB.ComplexC.GlucoseD.Dextrose

3. arethebody’smainenergysource. A.LipidsB.ProteinsC.MineralsD.Carbohydrates

4. Whatallowsglucose,orbloodsugar,totravelthroughoutthebodyforenergyuse?A.FiberB.InsulinC.MicronutrientsD.Macronutrients

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5. Whatisthechemicalprocessthatcausesunsaturatedfatstospoil?A.DigestionB.OxidationC.AbsorptionD.Hydrogenation

6. TheprocessthataltersthephysicalpropertiesoffatsandmakesthemstayfreshlongeriscalledA.digestion.B.absorption.C.evaporation.D.hydrogenation.

7. Butter,lard,andmeataresourcesofwhichtypeoffat?A.SaturatedB.CholesterolC.MonounsaturatedD.Polyunsaturated

8. Whichnutrientisneededtobuildnewcellsandrepairinjuredones?A.LipidsB.ProteinsC.VitaminsD.Minerals

9. Macaroniandcheeseisanexampleofwhichtypeofprotein?A.CompleteB.IncompleteC.ComplementaryD.Uncomplementary

10. ChemicalcompoundsfoundinfoodthatareneededforregulatingmetabolicprocessesarecalledA.hormones.B.vitamins.C.aminoacids.D.fattyacids.

11. Sodiumandareneededformaintainingthebody’swaterbalance.A.zincB.ironC.calciumD.potassium

12. Whichmineralisessentialforreplenishingredbloodcells?A.ZincB.IronC.IodineD.Phosphorus

13. Whatpercentageofthehumanbodyiswaterbyweight?A.35to45B.45to55C.55to65D.65to75

14. TheprocessofbreakingdownfoodintoitssimplestpartssothatitcanbeabsorbediscalledA.oxidation.B.digestion.C.evaporation.D.hydrogenation.

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Chapter 2 | Nutrition

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15. ThedailynutrientstandardsestablishedbytheU.S. governmentarecalledA.AdequateIntakes.B.theFoodGuidePyramid.C.DietaryGuidelinesforAmericans.D.RecommendedDietary

Allowances.

16. Whichtypeofvegetarianconsumesvegetarianitemsplusdairyproductsandeggs?A.VeganB.OvoC.LactoD.Lacto-ovo

17. Whatconditionoccurswhenthebodydoesnotgetenoughnutrients?A.AnemiaB.AnorexiaC.DiabetesD.Malnutrition

18. Whatistheconditioninwhichthebodycannotregulatebloodsugarproperly?A.AnemiaB.AnorexiaC.DiabetesD.Malnutrition

19. Whatisthepropertemperaturerangeforastoreroom?A.10°Fto30°FB.30°Fto50°FC.50°Fto70°FD.70°Fto90°F

20. ChemicalsthatkillinsectsandotherplantpestsarecalledA.hormones.B.antibiotics.C.pesticides.D.herbicides.

21. Whatnutrientsarelostwhenmeatiscookedtoolong?A.IronandwaterB.ProteinandvitaminB12

C.ThiaminandvitaminB6

D.VitaminCandphosphorous

22. Whatareproteinsmadeof?A.FiberB.StarchC.FattyacidsD.Aminoacids

23. EnergyfromfoodismeasuredinunitscalledA.calories.B.nutrients.C.fattyacids.D.aminoacids.

24. Whatsubstancefoundinfoodpromotesdigestivehealthandregularity?A.FatB.FiberC.SugarD.Starch

25. Bakedpotatoes,cereal,andhoneyaregoodsourcesofA.fat.B.protein.C.minerals.D.carbohydrates.

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26. Whatistheonlysourceofenergyforthebrainandnervoussystem?A.FiberB.ProteinC.GlucoseD.Insulin

27. Whichorganproducesinsulin?A.LiverB.KidneyC.PancreasD.Gallbladder

28. Whereinthebodyischolesterolmade?A.HeartB.LiverC.KidneyD.Pancreas

29. Sunflower,soybean,andfishoilsaresourcesofwhichtypeoffat?A.SaturatedB.CholesterolC.MonosaturatedD.Polyunsaturated

30. ProteinsprovidethebuildingblocksintheformofA.fiber.B.starch.C.fattyacids.D.aminoacids.

31. Howmanyaminoacidscanbefoundinfood?A.9B.20C.27D.35

32. Whichmineralshelpbuildstrongbonesandteeth?A.IronandzincB.PotassiumandsodiumC.MagnesiumandcopperD.Calciumandphosphorous

33. Redbeansandricecombinedisanexampleofaprotein.A.completeB.complexC.incompleteD.complementary

34. Whichtypeofvegetarianconsumesonlygrains,legumes,vegetables,fruit,nuts,andseeds?A.VeganB.OvoC.LactoD.Lacto-ovo

35. Vegansneedtosupplementtheirdietwithasourceofwhichvitamin?A.AB.BC.CD.D

36. AccordingtotheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,whatpercentageofU.S.childrenandteensaged6to19areobese?A.8B.16C.24D.32

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37. Whatconditioncausesthebonestograduallylosetheirmineralsandbecomeweakandfragile?A.ObesityB.DiabetesC.OsteoporosisD.Cardiovasculardisease

38. WhichtypeofdiseaseaffectstheheartandbloodvesselsandcombinedisthenumberoneleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates?A.CancerB.DiabetesC.CardiovascularD.Osteoporosis

39. ProductsthathavebeenproducedwithoutpesticidesorsyntheticfertilizersarecalledA.local.B.organic.C.conventional.D.geneticallymodified.

40. ChemicalsthataidthebodyinfightingorpreventingdiseasesarecalledA.fiber.B.additives.C.anthocyanins.D.phytochemicals.

Short Answer 1. carbohydratescontainoneortwosugars.

2. fiberdoesnotdissolveinwater.

3. isawhite,waxysubstancethathelpsthebodycarryoutitsmanyprocesses.

4. VitaminsA,D,E,andKare-soluablevitamins.

5. Plantsoranimalswhosegeneticmakeuphasbeenalteredareknownas.

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Essay 1. Explainwhywaterissoimportanttothebody.Whatareothersourcesofwaterthat

areconsumedduringaday?

2. Discusstheimportanceofvitaminsinthediet.

3. Discussthewaystopreparefruitandvegetableswhileretainingnutrients.

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Chapter 3Cost Control

True/False 1.Priortoservice,managersshouldtasteeachitemtoensureitmeetstheoperation’s

standard.

2.Poorstorageproceduresandfacilitiescangreatlyincreasefoodcostsduetowasteandincreasedlaborcosts.

3.Revenueisthepriceanoperationpaysoutinthepurchasingandpreparationofitsproductsortheprovidingofitsservice.

4.Totalfoodcostpercentageistherelationshipbetweensalesandthecostoffoodtoachievethosesales.

5.Theservicestaffistheprimarysalestoolinmostrestaurantandfoodserviceoperations.

Multiple Choice 1. Themaincategoriesofcostarefood,

beverage,labor,andA.fixed.B.variable.C.overhead. D.controllable.

2. Whichcategoryofcostincludesrentandgas/electricity?A.FoodB.LaborC.BeverageD.Overhead

3. ItiscommonforoperatingbudgetstobepreparedA.daily.B.weekly.C.monthly.D.yearly.

4. Whatistheformulaforcalculatingaveragesalespercustomer?A.Totalnumberofcustomersdivided

bythetotaldollarsalesB.Totaldollarsalesdividedbythe

totalnumberofcustomersC.Totaldollarsalesmultipliedbythe

totalnumberofcustomersD.Totaldollarsalesdividedbythe

averagenumberofcustomers

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5. ArecordofthenumberofportionsofeveryitemsoldonamenuiscalledaA.saleshistory.B.receivingsheet.C.productionsheet.D.profit-and-lossreport.

6. Whichdocumentlistsallmenuitemsthataregoingtobepreparedforagivendate?A.PurchaseorderB.MasterscheduleC.ReceivingsheetD.Productionsheet

7. Whichmenupricingmethoddividesthetotalrevenuebythenumberofseats,averageseatturnover,anddaysopeninoneyear?A.AveragecheckB.StraightmarkupC.ContributionmarginD.Foodcostpercentage

8. Acompilationofsalesandcostinformationforaspecificperiodoftimeispresentedina(n)A.balancesheet.B.operatingbudget.C.profit-and-lossreport.D.statementofcashflows.

9. Anothernameforaprofit-and-lossreportisa(n)A.balancesheet.B.operatingbudget.C.incomestatement.D.statementofcashflows.

10. Whatinformationisfoundatthebottomoftheincomestatement?A.NetearningsB.TotalexpensesC.RetainedearningsD.Totalcostofsales

11. Anincomestatementshowsanoperation’sA.assetsandliabilities.B.costofgoodssoldandrevenue.C.cashandassetsoveraperiodof

time.D.sales,costofsales,andprofitor

lossoveraperiodoftime.

12. Thephysicalinventoryatthebeginningofagivenperiodiscalledinventory.A.openingB.closingC.perpetualD.operational

13. Whatistheformulaforcalculatingfoodcostpercentage?A.Totalrevenue÷SalesB.Totalfoodcost÷SalesC.Totalsales÷RevenueD.Totalfoodcost÷Revenue

14. Arestaurant’stotalfoodcostforAprilwas$1,500anditssaleswere$6,000.Whatisthefoodcostpercentage?A.10B.25C.60D.75

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15. Theformthatshowshowmuchproductshouldbeproducedbythekitchenduringagivenmealperiodiscalleda(n)A.purchaseorder.B.receivingsheet.C.productionsheet.D.foodproductionchart.

16. Thecontributionmarginrepresentsamenuitem’sprofitsinrelationtoA.itscost.B.itsprice.C.overallprofits.D.itsportionsize.

17. Whichmenupricingmethodmultipliesrawfoodcostsbyapredeterminedfraction?A.AveragecheckB.StraightmarkupC.ContributionmarginD.Foodcostpercentage

18. Arestaurantwantsa30percentfoodcostpercentageonallmenuitems.Ifspaghettiandmeatballscosts$2.95perportion,howshoulditbepriced(roundup)?A.$6.75B.$8.85C.$9.85D.$10.20

19. Arestaurantsellsbakedzitiata50percentmarkup.Ifthemenuitemcosts$3,whatisthesellingprice?A.$3.75B.$4.50C.$5.25D.$6.00

20. Ifagallonoftomatosaucecosts$12andyields60portions,whatisthestandardportioncost?A.$0.20B.$0.33C.$0.50D.$.072

21. TheportionofdollarsthataparticularmenuitemcontributestooverallprofitsiscalledtheA.fixedcost.B.overheadcosts.C.contributionmargin.D.totalfoodcostspercentage.

22. Ifaquick-servicelinecookovercooksabatchofchickenfingersthatyields20servingsat$5aserving,whatistherevenuelost?A.$25.00B.$50.00C.$75.00D.$100.00

23. Achartthatshowsemployees’namesandthedaysandtimestheyaretoworkiscalleda(n)A.crewschedule.B.businessplan.C.masterschedule.D.employeeproductionchart.

24. ThebesttimeforarestaurantorfoodserviceoperationtoreceivedeliveriesisA.onceamonth.B.duringmealperiods.C.whenbusinessisslow.D.whenbusinessisbusy.

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25. Howoftenshouldfreshfishbedelivered?A.EveryhourB.EverydayC.EveryotherdayD.Everyweek

26. Howoftenshoulddry-orwet-agedmeatbeorderedanddelivered?A.EverydayB.TwotimesaweekC.OnceaweekD.Biweekly

27. Thedocumentfromavendorthatlistssuchdetailsasitemspurchased,dateoforder,purchaser,andsalespriceiscalleda(n)A.invoice.B.purchaseorder.C.receivingsheet.D.inventoryrecord.

28. Whichinventorymethodassumesthatstockhasbeenrotatedduringthemonth?A.FIFOB.LIFOC.LatestpurchasepriceD.Weightedaveragepurchaseprice

29. Anoperationhas22bottlesofketchupininventoryandeachbottlecosts$3.50.Whatisthetotalvalueofthebottledketchup?A.$15.90B.$35.00C.$50.00D.$77.00

30. Arestaurant’sfoodcostsforamonthwere$12,600anditsfoodcostpercentagewas30percent.Howmuchdidtherestaurantearninsales?A.$3,780B.$18,000C.$36,000D.$42,000

31. Whenmanagementwantstominimizethevalueoftheclosinginventory,whichmethodshouldbeused?A.LIFOB.ActualpurchasepriceC.LatestpurchasepriceD.Weightedaveragepurchaseprice

32. TheamountofsalesanoperationisdoingforagiventimeperiodiscalledA.pricepoint.B.fixedcosts.C.businessvolume.D.contributionmargin.

33. Aleaseandutilitiescanbeclassifiedaswhatcost?A.FixedB.VariableC.ControllableD.Noncontrollable

34. ThecostofafooditemisincurredwhentheitemisA.ordered.B.budgeted.C.purchased.D.consumed.

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35. TheprimarysellingtoolinmostrestaurantsistheA.menu.B.decor.C.service.D.manager.

36. Whichclosinginventorymethodmultipliesthenumberofunitsofeachitembythemostrecentpricepaidfortheitem?A.ActualpurchasepriceB.Lastin,firstout(LIFO)C.Latestpurchaseprice(FIFO)D.Weightedaveragepurchaseprice

37. Whatistheformulatocalculatetheaveragesalespercustomer?A.Totaldollarsales÷TotalfoodcostB.Totalnumberofcovers÷Total

foodcostC.Totaldollarsales÷Totalnumber

ofcoversD.Totalnumberofcovers÷Total

dollarsales

38. Arestauranthasafoodcostpercentageof45percent.Thismeansthatitsfoodcostis45percentofA.totalcosts.B.totalsales.C.laborcosts.D.overheadcosts.

39. FoodservicemanagersplantheirfinancialactivitiesbypreparingA.budgets.B.directives.C.workschedules.D.dailyfoodcostsheets.

40. IncomefromthesaleoffooditemsiscalledA.expenses.B.revenue.C.fixedcost.D.foodcostpercentage.

Short Answer 1. Mostoperationscanrunhistoricalsalesandproductionreportsfromtheir

.

2. companiesareone-stopshopsthatprovideequipment,food,andsupplies.

3. representsthedollarvalueofafoodproductinstorageandcanbeexpressedintermsofunits,values,orboth.

4. Themethodisusedtocostaningredientatthepurchasepricebeforeanytrimorwasteistakenintoaccount.

5. A(n)istheportionofdollarsthataparticularmenuitemcontributestooverallprofits.

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Essay 1. Explainhowthemenureflectslaborcosts.

2. Explainwhyforecastingisimportanttoarestaurantorfoodserviceoperation.

3. Listthecausesofhighfoodcost.

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Chapter 4Salads and Garnishing

True/False 1. Mayonnaiseisthemoststableandthickestemulsifieddressing.

2. Mostdipsbecomethickerastheyareheldintherefrigerator.

3. Vinaigrettesarethickerdressingsusedonheartierlettuces.

4. Ingredientsforacomposedsaladshouldbetossedtogether.

5. Thefourbasicpartsofanysaladarethebase,body,garnish,anddressing.

Multiple Choice 1. WhatisthemostpopularAmerican

lettuce?A.BibbB.BostonC.IcebergD.Romaine

2. Whichsaladgreen,alsoknownasfrisée,hasaslightlybitterflavor?A.ArugulaB.RadicchioC.NapacabbageD.Curlyendive

3. WhichtypeoflettuceistheessentialingredientinCaesarsalad?A.LeafB.BostonC.IcebergD.Romaine

4. Whichpartofthesaladismadeupofalayerofgreensthatlinetheplateorbowlinwhichthesaladisserved?A.BaseB.BodyC.GarnishD.Dressing

5. Whichpartofthesaladenhancesitsappearancewhilealsocomplementingtheoveralltaste?A.BaseB.BodyC.GarnishD.Dressing

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6. Whichsaladvegetablehasalongstalk,mildflavor,andcrisptexture?A.BeetB.CeleryC.RadishD.Scallion

7. Achef ’ssaladisanexampleofwhattypeofsalad?A.FruitB.GreenC.BoundD.Combination

8. Whichsaladtypestimulatestheappetiteandislightenoughforthefirstcourse?A.AppetizerB.MaincourseC.IntermezzoD.Accompaniment

9. Asmallportionofpotatosaladisatypeofsalad.A.mainB.appetizerC.intermezzoD.accompaniment

10. Whichsaladisintendedtobeapalatecleanserafterarichdinnerandbeforedessert?A.MainB.AppetizerC.IntermezzoD.Accompaniment

11. LoosesaladgreensshouldbestoredatatemperaturerangebetweenA.29˚Fto35˚F.B.36˚Fto41˚F.C.42˚Fto47˚F.D.48˚Fto55˚F.

12. Unopenedproducecanbestoredfordays.A.1to3B.4to6C.7to9D.10to12

13. Pastasaladisanexampleofwhichtypeofsalad?A.BoundB.GreenC.VegetableD.Combination

14. Rawandpapayashouldneverbeaddedtogelatinsalad.A.pearsB.applesC.peachesD.pineapple

15. Whatisthestandardrecipeforabasicvinaigrette?A.1partoil,1partvinegarB.2partsoil,1partvinegarC.3partsoil,1partvinegarD.3partsoil,2partsvinegar

16. Whichtypeofoilmustbedisclosedonthemenubecauseofallergies?A.CornB.CanolaC.PeanutD.Soybean

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17. Whichtypeofoilhasagoodomega-3,fattyacidprofile?A.CornB.CanolaC.SafflowerD.Cottonseed

18. Whichvinegarismadefromapples?A.WineB.CiderC.SherryD.Balsamic

19. AningredientthatcanpermanentlybindunlikeingredientsiscalledaA.colloid.B.solution.C.suspension.D.emulsifier.

20. WhichtypeofdressingareRussianandThousandIsland?A.VinaigretteB.MayonnaiseC.Mayonnaise-basedD.Emulsifiedvinaigrette

21. Whichcondimentisacommonadditiontomayonnaisedressings?A.RelishB.MustardC.KetchupD.Horseradish

22. Whatisthemainingredientinguacamole?A.PeppersB.TomatoesC.ChickpeasD.Avocados

23. ThemainingredientinhummusisA.tomatoes.B.limejuice.C.chickpeas.D.avocados.

24. Whichspecialwinevinegarisagedinwoodenbarrels?A.CiderB.WhiteC.BalsamicD.Tarragon

25. Whichpotatodishisbakedwithcream,garlic,andcheese?A.LatkesB.LyonnaiseC.DuchesseD.Dauphinoise

26. Whattwoingredientsdoyouneedtomakefrostedgrapes?A.WaterandsugarC.SugarandlemonD.WaterandmolassesB.Honeyandlemonjuice

27. Forcucumberfans,useaknifetoscorethecucumberverticallyfromendtoend.A.chef ’sB.filletC.channelD.scimitar

28. AbouquetofvegetablesusedasagarnishiscalledaA.jardiniere.B.printaniere.C.provençale.D.bouquetière.

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29. Agarnishofcarrots,turnips,onions,andcelerycutintouniformslicesiscalledA.crécy.B.vichy.C.fermiere.D.printaniere.

30.AgarnishofcaulifloweriscalledA.vichy.B.clamart.C.dubarry.D.lyonnaise.

31. AgarnishofonionsiscalledA.doria.B.clamart.C.lyonnaise.D.parmentier.

32. ThebestwaytocleansaladgreensistoA.shakethem.B.soaktheminwater.C.diptheminandoutofwater.D.wipethemwithadampcloth.

33. Whatingredientholdsaboundsaladtogether?A.CreamB.EggyolksC.OliveoilD.Mayonnaise

34. Topreventfruitcutforasaladfromdiscoloring,coatorsprinklethefruitwithA.water.B.sugar.C.lemonjuice.D.vegetableoil.

35. IfchickenisservedFlorentine,itisservedwithA.carrots.B.spinach.C.tomatoes.D.mushrooms.

36.Chickenandpotatosaladsareexamplesofasalad.A.boundB.vegetableC.composedD.combination

37.Coleslawisanexampleofasalad.A.boundB.vegetableC.composedD.combination

38. WhichtypeofsaladisgrilledchickenCaesarsalad?A.StarterB.MaincourseC.IntermezzoD.Accompaniment

39. Whichtypeofsaladissmallandservedalongwiththemainmeal?A.FruitB.DessertC.IntermezzoD.Accompaniment

40.WhichtypeofsaladisaWaldorfsalad?A.FruitB.DessertC.AppetizerD.Accompaniment

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Short Answer 1.enhancestheappearanceofthesaladwhilealsocomplementingthe

overalltaste.

2.Thetwotypesofgreensaladaretossedand.

3.A(n)isatemporarymixtureofingredientsthateventuallyseparatesbackintoitsuniqueparts.

4.dressingsarethickandcoatsaladingredientsmoreheavily.

5.canbeservedhotorcoldandasanaccompanimenttootherfoods.

Essay 1.Compareandcontrastthedifferencesinadipandadressing.

2.Comparethedifferencesbetweenatossedsaladandacomposedsalad.

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3.Discussthepurposeofgarnishes.

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Chapter 5Purchasing and

InventoryTrue/False 1.Purchasinglower-orinconsistent-qualityfooditemscanquicklyleadtothe

failureofanoperation.

2.Mostmanagerstrytokeepdailyfoodcostsheetsatorbelow33percent.

3.Nonperishableproductsarefoodproductssoldordistributedinaformthatwillspoilordecaywithinalimitedperiodoftime.

4.Thetemperatureofthestoreroomshouldbebetween60°Fand80°F.

5.Grossprofitisthedifferencebetweenthetotalcostoffoodandthecostofgoodsissuedduringaperiod.

Multiple Choice 1. Theamountoffundsavailabletoa

restaurantorfoodserviceoperationatanygiventimeiscalledA.netprofit.B.cashposition.C.grossreceipts.D.contributionmargin.

2. TheflowoffoodtoanoperationiscalledtheA.vendorpath.B.retailchannel.C.intermediarypath.D.channelofdistribution.

3. Thethreemainlayersinthechannelofdistributionareprimarysources,intermediarysources,andA.vendors.B.retailers.C.distillers.D.wholesalers.

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4. Whichchannelofdistributionincludesthefarmersandrancherswhoraiseproduceandlivestock?A.PrimarysourceB.SecondarysourceC.TertiarysourceD.Intermediarysource

5. Thecompanythatbuysfooditemsfromafarmerandthenresellsthosesamefooditemstoaretailerisknownasa(n)A.distiller.B.manufacturer.C.primarysource.D.intermediarysource.

6. Furniture,fixtures,andequipment(FFE)areconsideredA.currentassets.B.intangibleassets.C.inventoryexpenses.D.capitalexpenditures.

7. TheuseofmoneyforfutureprofitiscalledA.profit.B.capital.C.revenue.D.investment.

8. ThetypeofservicethatincludespaintingandcarpetingandhelpskeepanoperationingoodshapeiscalledA.utilities.B.support.C.technology.D.maintenance.

9. Whichtypeofserviceincludesgarbageremovalandflowerservices?A.UtilitiesB.SupportC.TechnologyD.Maintenance

10. Wholesalers,distributors,andsuppliersareallinthechannelofdistribution.A.buyersB.retailersC.primarysourcesD.intermediarysources

11. Pricesavingscreatedwhenabuyerpurchasesbulkquantitiesoffoodinsteadofindividuallyportionedservingsiscalledvalue.A.timeB.formC.place.D.service

12. AssetsthatanoperationhasatitsdisposalarecalledA.capital.B.revenue.C.grossprofit.D.cashposition.

13. AnoticeofapricethatasuppliergivestoabuyerduringthepurchasingprocessiscalledaA.bid.B.spec.C.quote.D.invoice.

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14. MoneyorothergoodsreceivedbyapersoninexchangeforpurchasingfromaspecificvendoriscalledaA.payoff.B.bribe.C.kickback.D.hushmoney.

15. Whichpurchasingdocumentdescribesindetailthecharacteristicsofproductsandservicesthatanoperationwantstobuy?A.PurchaseorderB.InventorysheetC.SpecificationsformD.Requisitionform

16. Whichproductspecificationidentifieshowanitemhasbeenprocessedbeforebeingpackaged?A.SizingB.PackagingC.MarketformD.Intendeduse

17. Whichdocumentdobuyersandmanagersusetoforecasttheirbuyingneeds?A.PurchaseorderB.InventorysheetC.ProductionrecordD.Requisitionform

18. Whichproductionrecordlistsallmenuitemsthatthechefswillprepareonagivenday?A.PurchaseorderB.InventorysheetC.ProductionsheetD.Requisitionform

19. ProductionsheetsareusuallypreparedbytheA.chef.B.buyer.C.supplier.D.manager.

20.Thistermdescribeswhenarestaurantorfoodserviceoperationrunsoutofaniteminthekitchen.A.StockoutB.BlankorderC.OverproductionD.Underproduction

21. Ifarestaurant’sdailyfoodcostis$550andtotalsalesare$1,475,whatisitsdailyfoodcostpercentage?A.27B.37C.47D.57

22. AmanagerwhowantstoknowhowpopularamenuitemisoverthecourseofamonthwouldlookattheA.productionsheet.B.salesmixrecord.C.productionrecord.D.dailyfoodcostsheet.

23. TheidealamountofinventoryitemsthatanoperationshouldhaveatalltimesiscalledA.parvalue.B.parstock.C.periodicinventory.D.perpetualinventory.

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24. Alegallybindingwrittendocumentthatdetailsexactlywhatthebuyerisorderingfromthevendoriscalleda(n)A.invoice.B.receivingsheet.C.purchaseorder.D.requisitionform.

25. Whatformdoesamanagerneedtocompletetopurchaseanewpieceofequipment?A.PurchaseorderB.ReceivingsheetC.RequisitionformD.Productspecification

26. Thepricethatretailerspayfortheconvenienceofselectingthetimeofdeliveryfromsuppliersiscalledvalue.A.formB.timeC.placeD.service

27. Theconvenienceofbuyingfooditemsinbulkinsteadofinready-to-useportionsisknownasvalue.A.formB.timeC.placeD.service

28. DeliveringfreshlobstersfromCapeCodtoamarketinWichita,Kansas,ismoreexpensivethandeliveringthelobsterstoamarketinNewYork.Thisisanexampleofvalue.A.formB.timeC.placeD.service

29. Theprocessofinspecting,accepting,and,insomecases,rejectingdeliveriesofgoodsandservicesiscalledA.storing.B.issuing.C.receiving.D.pilfering.

30.Ifanitemisrejectedatdelivery,whatformshouldthereceivercomplete?A.InvoiceB.CreditmemoC.PurchaseorderD.Receivingsheet

31. Atwhattemperatureshouldliveshellfishbestored?A.32ºFB.41ºFC.45ºFD.55ºF

32. Whatisthehumiditylevelformostfruitsandvegetables?A.55%to65%B.65%to75%C.75%to85%D.85%to95%

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33. Storedryfoodawayfromwallsandatleastinchesoffofthefloor.A.3B.6C.9D.12

34. Arecordofallgoodsthatarestaurantorfoodserviceoperationhasonhandbothinstorageandinthekitchenprepareaiscalleda(n)A.invoice.B.inventory.C.purchaseorder.D.productionrecord.

35. Whichtypeofinventorysystemreliesontheuseofinventorycardstorecordincomingandoutgoingfooditems?A.InvoiceB.PeriodicC.PerpetualD.Production

36. Whichtypeofinventorysystemrecordsitemswhentheyarereceivedandthenwhentheyareusedup?A.InvoiceB.PeriodicC.PerpetualD.Production

37. TheofficialprocedurethatemployeesusewhentakinganitemoutofthestoreroomandputtingitintoproductioniscalledA.issuing.B.storing.C.pilfering.D.receiving.

38. Abuyermustplaceanorderforketchup.Parstockis12cases,5casesareinstock,and2caseswillbeusedbeforedelivery.Howmanycasesshouldthebuyerorder?A.6B.7C.8D.9

39. ItemsthatareinconstantdemandarecalledA.stock.B.staples.C.inventory.D.stockouts.

40.TheamountofwatermoistureintheairorinacontainedspacesuchasarefrigeratoriscalledA.dewpoint.B.humidity.C.evaporation.D.condensation.

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Short Answer 1. areindependentbusinessownerswhobuytherighttousea

company’sname,products,andlogo.

2. Salesmixrecordsshowitemsthatsellwell,whicharealsocalled.

3. A(n)isanumberassignedtoeachinventoryitemthatalertsthebuyerthattheitemneedstoberestockedbythenextdelivery.

4. istheillegaltakingofinventoryitemsbyemployeesfortheirpersonaluse.

5. A(n)showsthecostofusingaconveniencefoodproductcomparedtothecostofmakingtheitemfromscratch.

Essay 1.Defineaproductspecandlistthepartsusuallyincluded.

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2. Defineamake-or-buyanalysisandhowabuyerusesone.

3. Whyisitimportanttokeepaccurateinventoryrecords?

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Chapter 6Meat, Poultry, and

SeafoodTrue/False 1.Darkmeatishigherincaloriesandfatthanlightmeat.

2.Fulleyesareasignthatafishisfresh.

3.Whenmeatisdonecooking,itshouldbecutrightaway.

4.Aginggivesmeatalightcolorandalsomakesitmoreexpensive.

5.Roastingrequiresalongercookingtimebecausethismethodcooksthewholebird.

Multiple Choice 1. ThehighestqualityUSDAgradeof

beefisA.good.B.prime.C.select.D.choice.

2. Theconnectivetissuethatbreaksdownduringlong,slow,moist-heatcookingiscalledA.elastin.B.fibrous.C.adipose.D.collagen.

3. TheconnectivetissuethatconnectsthemeattotheboneandwillnotbreakdownduringcookingiscalledA.elastin.B.fibrous.C.adipose.D.collagen.

4. Themoretimespentbutcheringapieceofmeat,theA.lessexpensiveitwillbe.B.moreexpensiveitwillbe.C.lessflavorfulitwillbe.D.moreflavorfulitwillbe.

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5. Thin,bonelesscutsofmeatthatarelightlypoundedarecalledA.scallops.B.noisettes.C.tenderloin.D.medallions.

6. Whichfabricationtechniquecutsapieceofmeatlengthwise,nearlyinhalf,sothatitopensoutandliesflat?A.FilletingB.TrussingC.TrimmingD.Butterflying

7. Small,roundpiecesofmeatthataremoldedbywrappingthemincheeseclotharecalledA.scallops.B.noisettes.C.tenderloin.D.medallions.

8. ThinstripsofmeatusedforsautéingarecalledA.émincés.B.noisettes.C.tenderloin.D.medallions.

9. Inorderforthemusclestorelax,meatmustbeagedhours.A.4to20B.20to48C.48to72D.72to96

10. Freshmeatmustbedeliveredatatemperatureoforlower.A.21°FB.31°FC.41°FD.51°F

11. Whichdry-heatcookingmethodsarebestsuitedforchopsandsteaks?A.BakingandgrillingB.BroilingandgrillingC.RoastingandgrillingD.Broilingandroasting

12. Whichdry-heatcookingmethodisidealforthetendercutsfromaribortenderloin?A.BakingB.GrillingC.BroilingD.Roasting

13. Whichcookingmethodisthebestwaytocooktoughercutsofmeat?A.FryingB.GrillingC.BraisingD.Sautéing

14. MarinatingtendstomakemeatmoreA.lean.B.moist.C.chewy.D.well-done.

15. MeatisfirmestwhenitiscookedA.rare.B.medium.C.medium-well.D.well-done.

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16. Whatisthehighestqualitygradeofpoultry?A.AB.BC.CD.D

17. Theprocessoftyingabird’swingsandlegstoitsbodyiscalledA.filleting.B.trussing.C.trimming.D.butterflying.

18. Poultryshouldbecookeduntilitiswell-doneatatemperatureofA.155°F.B.165°F.C.175°F.D.185°F.

19. Whichcookingmethodismostsuitedforpreparingmolepoblano?A.Dry-heatB.Moist-heatC.CombinationD.Dry-heatwithoil

20.Whichgradeofseafoodismarkedwithastamp?A.AB.BC.CD.D

21. Whichcategoryincludesfishthatareovalandflatinshape,andhavebotheyesonthesamesideofthehead?A.FlatfishB.ShellfishC.RoundfishD.Squarefish

22. MahimahiandtunaareexamplesofA.flatfish.B.roundfish.C.crustaceans.D.cephalopods.

23. Whichcategoryoffishincludesthosewithanoutershellbutnobackbone,andthatliveprimarilyinsaltwater?A.FinfishB.FlatfishC.RoundfishD.Shellfish

24. Whichcategoryincludesshellfishthathaveanouterskeletonandjointedappendages?A.FinfishB.MollusksC.CrustaceansD.Cephalopods

25. Whichcategoryofshellfishincludesthosewithasingleinternalshellandtentacles?A.FinfishB.MollusksC.CrustaceansD.Cephalopods

26. Whenonlythevisceraofafishhavebeenremoved,thefishiscalledA.drawn.B.whole.C.filleted.D.dressed.

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27. Whenafish’sviscera,scales,fins,andoftenitsheadareremoved,itiscalledA.drawn.B.whole.C.filleted.D.dressed.

28. Theprocessofremovingashrimp’sdigestivetractiscalledA.trussing.B.shucking.C.deveining.D.trimming.

29. Howmanydaysmustshellstockidentificationtagsbekeptonfilefromthedatethelastshellfishwassoldorserved?A.30B.60C.90D.120

30.Whenpoultryisdonecooking,itsjuicesshouldbeA.red.B.pink.C.brown.D.clear.

31. Whenfishandseafoodarecookeden papillote,theyarecookedinA.asteamer.B.astockpot.C.cheesecloth.D.parchmentpaper.

32. Whichtypeofsausageispepperoni?A.FreshB.FrozenC.DriedorhardD.Smokedorcooked

33. SausagesareencasedinA.cheesecloth.B.poultryskin.C.animalintestines.D.parchmentpaper.

34. Aforcemeatmadeofwhitemeatiscalleda(n)A.terrine.B.andouille.C.charcuterie.D.mousseline.

35. Kielbasaandandouilleareexamplesofwhichtypeofsausage?A.FreshB.CuredC.PickledD.Smoked

36. AquenelleisaA.typeoffreshsausage.B.forcemeatbakedindough.C.poached,dumpling-shaped

forcemeat.D.forcemeatmadeofbeefratherthan

pork.

37. Whichmethodforcookingpoultryretainsthemostnutrients?A.BoilingB.SteamingC.SimmeringD.Deep-frying

38. Whenacutofmeatorpoultryisbarded,itisA.slicedverythin.B.marinatedintherefrigerator.C.tiedsoitwillcookevenly.D.coveredwithslicesoffat.

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39. ThefirststepintrimmingatenderloinistoA.trimthefat.B.pounditflat.C.trussthemeat.D.makeabutterflycut.

40.ThetoughmembraneonmeatiscalledA.noisettes.B.medallions.C.silverskin.D.scallions.

Short Answer 1. Theamountofusablemeatafterthefathasbeentrimmediscalled.

2. isworkingwithprimalcutsofmeattocustomizethem.

3. cutsarereadyforsale.

4. Forcemeatmadeofveal,poultry,orfishiscalled.

5. isthelinesoffatrunningthroughoutapieceofmeatthatenhanceitsflavor,tenderness,andjuiciness.

Essay 1. Discusshowtoproperlystorefreshmeat.

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2. Explainwhyitisimportanttocheckfishforfreshness.

3. Identifythedifferentvarietiesofforcemeat.

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Chapter 7Marketing

True/False 1.Personalsellingisveryexpensiveforrestaurantandfoodserviceoperations.

2.Point-of-saledisplaysincludetabletentsandbannersremindingcustomersofproductsandservices.

3.ThetraditionalP’softhemarketingmixareproduct,price,promotion,andproduction.

4.Marketsegmentationisusedwithintherestaurantandfoodserviceindustrybecauseithelpsoperationstargettheircustomers.

5.Thecontemporarymarketingmixisaspecialmarketingformulafortherestaurantandfoodserviceindustry.

Multiple Choice 1. Forbusinesspurposes,acollectionof

peoplewithsimilar,specificneedsandwantsiscalledaA.group.B.market.C.segment.D.community.

2. Theprocessofcommunicatingabusiness’smessagestoitsmarketiscalledA.servicing.B.presenting.C.marketing.D.positioning.

3. Allthefoodandservicesofferedbyanoperationtoacustomerisanexampleofmix.A.presentationB.communicationC.product-serviceD.contemporarymarketing

4. Theuseoflocation,decor,andthemetomaketheoperationmorepleasingtocustomersisanexampleofmix.A.presentationB.communicationC.product-serviceD.contemporarymarketing

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5. Thewayinwhichanoperationtellsitscustomersaboutitsproductsandservicesiscalledmix.A.presentationB.communicationC.product-serviceD.contemporarymarketing

6. ThelistofactionstepsnecessaryforanoperationtosellaproductorserviceiscalledaA.marketingplan.B.promotionmix.C.researchreport.D.missionstatement.

7. WhichpartofaSWOTanalysisidentifiesthefactorsoutsidetheoperationthatcoulddecreaserevenuesorincreasecosts?A.StrengthsB.WeaknessesC.OpportunitiesD.Threats

8. Whichmarketresearchmethodtriesoutaproductforalimitedtimeorwithalimitedgroupofpeople?A.SurveyB.SamplingC.ExperimentalD.Observational

9. Whichmarketresearchmethodinvolveswatchinghowcustomersreactinanaturalsettingtowardaproduct?A.SurveyB.SamplingC.ExperimentalD.Observational

10. Whichmarketresearchmethodgathersinformationthroughtelephone,e-mail,ortableside?A.SurveyB.SamplingC.ExperimentalD.Observational

11. AsmallgroupofpeopleexpressingtheiropinionsaboutanewproductorserviceiscalledaA.survey.B.sampling.C.focusgroup.D.demographicanalysis.

12. BreakingdownalargemarketintosmallergroupsofsimilarindividualsiscalledA.forecasting.B.positioning.C.marketsegmentation.D.uniquesellingproposition.

13. Whichtypeofmarketingtreatseveryoneashavingthesameneedsandwants?A.MassB.TargetC.GeographicD.Demographic

14. Whichtypeofmarketingtreatspeopleasdifferentfromeachotherandtriestomakeafocusedappealtoadistinctgroupofcustomers?A.MassB.TargetC.GeographicD.Demographic

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15. Whichtypeofsegmentationbreaksdownalargemarketintosmallergroupsofsimilarindividuals?A.MarketB.BenefitC.LifestyleD.Demographic

16. Whichmarketsegmentationlooksatthepersonalmakeupofindividuals—suchasage,income,maritalstatus,oreducation—inagivenarea?A.BenefitB.LifestyleC.GeographicD.Demographic

17. Whichmarketsegmentationlooksatfactorssuchaswherecustomersliveandwork?A.BenefitB.LifestyleC.GeographicD.Demographic

18. Whichtypeofmarketsegmentationanalyzestheheavyusersofaproductorservice?A.BenefitB.LifestyleC.UniquesellingD.Productusage

19. Whichmarketsegmentationlooksattheactivities,hobbies,interests,andopinionsofthetargetmarket?A.LifestyleB.GeographicC.DemographicD.Productusage

20.CreatingaspecificidentityforaproductorserviceinthemarketplaceiscalledA.marketing.B.forecasting.C.positioning.D.segmenting.

21. Payingtopresentorpromoteanoperation’sproducts,services,oridentityiscalledA.advertising.B.personalselling.C.publicrelations.D.directmarketing.

22. Limited,orshort-term,incentivestoenticecustomerstopatronizeanoperationareknownasA.advertising.B.personalselling.C.salespromotions.D.directmarketing.

23. TheprocessbywhichanoperationinteractswiththecommunityatlargeiscalledA.advertising.B.personalselling.C.publicrelations.D.directmarketing.

24. ThefirststepinanymarketingplanistoA.establishobjectives.B.researchthemarket.C.developamarketstrategy.D.evaluatefeedbackfromcustomers.

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25. Themassmailingofcoupons,menus,andadvertisingaboutapromotiontocustomersinaparticularareaiscalledA.service.B.signage.C.premium.D.directmail.

26. InteractingwiththepeopleinthelocalareatocreateawarenessofandtrustforanoperationiscalledA.advertising.B.personalselling.C.directmarketing.D.communityrelations.

27. ApacketofinformationgiventomediarepresentativestoanswerquestionstheymighthaveaboutabusinessororganizationiscalledaA.publicity.B.presskit.C.pressrelease.D.mediavehicle.

28. Whichtypeofmenupriceseachitemseparately?A.LimitedB.DujourC.ÁlacarteD.Tabled’hôte

29. Whichtypeofmenuliststhemenuitemsthatareavailableonaparticularday?A.FixedB.DujourC.LimitedD.Prixfixe

30.Chefsormanagerschangethemenuitemsafteracertainperiodoftimeonwhichtypeofmenu?A.DujourB.LimitedC.CyclicalD.California

31. A(n)analysisisananalysisofthepopularityandtheprofitabilityofagroupofmenuitems.A.salesmixB.menumixC.salespercentageD.contributionmargin

32. Themenuthatoffersfewselectionsandisusedoftenbyquick-servicerestaurantsandcafésiscalledA.fixed.B.limited.C.cyclical.D.California.

33. Whichtypeofmenulistsallmealsavailableatanytimeofdayandisoftenusedbydinersthatareopen24hours?A.LimitedB.CaliforniaC.PrixfixeD.Tabled’hôte

34. Themenuthatoffersachoiceofappetizer,fullentréewithsides,andadessertforonepriceiscalledA.fixed.B.prixfixe.C.California.D.tabled’hôte.

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35. ThemenusimilartoaprixfixemenuthatbundlesvariouselementsintoonepackageiscalledA.fixed.B.adjusted.C.California.D.tabled’hôte.

36. SellingpriceminusthestandardfoodcostequalsA.menumix.B.standardfoodcost.C.foodcostpercentage.D.contributionmargin.

37. Whichpricingmethodhasmanagersmarkupthecostsaccordingtoaformulatoobtainthesellingprice?A.AveragecheckB.SetpercentageC.StraightmarkupD.Contributionmargin

38. DividingthemenumixbythetotalnumberofitemssoldinaspecifictimeperioddeterminesA.standardfoodcost.B.contributionmargin.C.menumixpercentage.D.foodcostpercentage.

39. Whichmenuitemclassificationhasahighmenumixpercentageandalowcontributionmargin?A.DogB.StarC.PuzzleD.Plowhorse

40.Whichmenuitemclassificationhasalowmenumixpercentageandalowcontributionmargin?A.DogB.StarC.PuzzleD.Plowhorse

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Short Answer 1. istheattentionanoperationreceivesfromthepublic.

2. A(n)isabriefpresentationofpromotionalinformationwrittentosoundlikeanewsarticle.

3. isdefinedastheamountofmoneyremainingforanoperationafterexpenses,orcosts,arepaid.

4. istheprocessofcommunicatingabusiness’smessagetoitsmarket.

5. refertothewaysinwhichresearcherscategorizeorgrouppeople.

Essay 1. Explainwhymarketingisimportantintherestaurantandfoodserviceindustry.

2. Discussmarketsegmentation:Listandgiveexamples.

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3. Discussmarketdemandandhowitisdetermined.

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Chapter 8Desserts and Baked Goods

True/False 1.Doughthatisbeingproofedshouldbelefttoriseuntilitis3timesitsoriginal

size.

2.Bloomhasnoeffectonthequalityofchocolate.

3.Sourdoughbreadsareleavenedwithastarter.

4.Soufflésaremorestablethansteamedpuddingsbecausetheyhaveagreaterpercentageofeggsandsugarintheirbatter.

5.Duetotheirhighsugarcontent,cookiesarebestwhentheyarebakedinconvectionovens.

Multiple Choice 1. Whichingredientmakesbakedgoods

moist,addsflavor,andkeepsthebakeditemfresh?A.GlutenB.LeavenerC.ThickenerD.Shortening

2. Whichingredientusedinbakingcausesthedoughtorise?A.GlutenB.LeavenerC.ThickenerD.Shortening

3. Whichtypeofwheatflourusedtomakebreadsishardandhasalittlehigherglutenlevelthantypicalbreadflour?A.CakeB.DurumC.SemolinaD.All-purpose

4. Whichingredientaddsflavorandcolortobakedgoods?A.LeavenerB.ShorteningC.ThickenerD.Sweetener

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5. Whichtypeofleavener,usedofteninbaking,isamicroscopicfungus?A.YeastB.SteamC.BakingsodaD.Bakingpowder

6. TheprocessofbrowningsugarunderheatiscalledA.denaturing.B.fermentation.C.glutenization.D.caramelization.

7. Bakingsodaandbakingpowderarewhichtypeofleavener?A.OrganicB.PhysicalC.ChemicalD.Biological

8. Whichbakingingredientdeterminestheconsistencyofthefinishedproduct?A.LeavenerB.ShorteningC.ThickenerD.Sweetener

9. Whichingredientprovidesmoisturetothebakedproductandallowstheglutentodevelopproperly?A.FlourB.YeastC.LiquidD.Extract

10. Frenchbreadisatypeofdough.A.softB.richC.leanD.sponge

11. Whichtypeofdoughismadebyaddingshorteningortenderizingingredientssuchassugar,syrup,butter,eggs,milk,andcream?A.SoftB.RichC.LeanD.Sponge

12. AllowingyeastdoughtorisejustbeforebakingiscalledA.yeasting.B.kneading.C.proofing.D.portioning.

13. Inwhichmethodforpreparingquickbreadandcakebattersarethefatandsugarcreamedtogethertoproduceaveryfinecrumbandadense,richtexture?A.CreamingB.FoamingC.Two-stageD.Straight-dough

14. Cornbreadandblueberrymuffinsareexamplesofquickbreadsmadeusingthemethod.A.creamingB.foamingC.two-stageD.straight-dough

15. Whichmethodforpreparingcakebattersisusedtomakedevil’sfoodcake?A.CreamingB.FoamingC.Two-stageD.Straight-dough

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16. Whichtypeoficinghasashiny,nonstickycoatingwhendried?A.FoamB.FondantC.GanacheD.Buttercream

17. Whatisthemainingredientinsoufflés?A.SugarB.ShorteningC.All-purposeflourD.Beateneggwhites

18. Piecrustismadeusingdough.A.3-2-1B.phylloC.foamingD.creaming

19. TheprocedureforpreparingaprebakedpieshelliscalledA.par-baking.B.ovenspring.C.fermentation.D.bakingblind.

20.Whichdoughisusedtomakepuffpastries?A.3-2-1B.PhylloC.StrudelD.Roll-in

21. Whichdoughisusedmostoftentocreatecreampuffsandéclairs?A.PhylloB.StrudelC.Roll-inD.Pâte à choux

22. Whichtypeofcookieincludeschocolatechipandoatmeal?A.BarB.DropC.SheetD.Rolled

23. Peanutbuttercookiesareanexampleofacookie.A.dropB.sheetC.moldedD.rolled

24. CocoabutterthathasbeenflavoredandsweetenediscalledA.cocoapowder.B.whitechocolate.C.chocolateliquor.D.bittersweetchocolate.

25. Howshouldchocolatebestored?A.FrozenB.InrefrigerationC.AtroomtemperatureD.Inacool,dry,well-ventilatedarea

26. ChocolateistemperedsothatitwillA.meltevenly.B.tastebittersweet.C.haveaneutralflavor.D.havelessfatandfewercalories.

27. Whatshouldyoudoifchocolatebecomesgrainyorscorchedduringtempering?A.Addmoreliquid.B.Addmorechocolate.C.Reducetheheat.D.Discardthechocolate.

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28. Duringthetemperingprocess,towhattemperatureshouldthechocolatebeheated?A.87°FB.92°FC.105°FD.120°F

29. Alight,vanilla-flavoredcustardsaucemadefrommilk,eggyolks,andsugariscalledA.pastrycream.B.Bavariancream.C.sabayonsauce.D.crèmeanglaise.

30. Atypeofcustardmadebycombiningvanillasauce,gelatin,andwhippedcreamiscalledA.sabayon.B.pastrycream.C.Bavariancream.D.crèmeanglaise.

31. AdensecustardusedasthefillingforpastriesandéclairsiscalledA.sabayon.B.pastrycream.C.Bavariancream.D.crèmeanglaise.

32. Inbaking,flouralwayshasaproportionofwhatpercentage?A.25B.50C.75D.100

33. Abasicpiedoughiscalled3-2-1doughbecauseitcontainsA.3partsfat,2partsflour,1part

water.B.3partsflour,2partsfat,1part

water.C.3partswater,2partsflour,1part

water.D.3partsfat,2partswater,1part

flour.

34. Whichtypeofdoughisusedtomakebaklava?A.PieB.PhylloC.FoamingD.Sourdough

35. Whichmethodisusedtoprepareproductswithamorerefinedcrumbanddense,richtexture?A.Two-stageB.FoamingC.CreamingD.Straightmix

36. Whichmethodproducescakeswiththelightesttexture?A.Two-stageB.FoamingC.CreamingD.Straightmix

37. CocoabeansthathavebeencrushedintoapastearecalledA.blooms.B.cocoapowder.C.chocolateliquor.D.temperedchocolate.

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38. BelleHélèneisanexampleofaA.sherbet.B.custard.C.poachedfruit.D.dessertsauce.

39. Sabayonismadewitheggyolks,sugar,andA.butter.B.gelatin.C.Marsalawine.D.confectioner’ssugar.

40.Whichtypeofcookieincludesblondies?A.BarB.SheetC.IceboxD.Molded

Short Answer 1. Awhitecoatingthatsometimesappearsonthesurfaceofchocolateiscalled

.

2. Standardizedrecipesforbakeryproductsarecalled.

3. arethebasisofallcocoaproducts.

4. A(n)isanelegant,rich,many-layeredcakeoftenfilledwithbuttercreamorjam.

5. A(n)isafruitsaucemadefromfreshberriesorotherfruits.

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Essay 1. Compareandcontrastleanandrichdoughs.

2. Discussthedifferenttypesofcookies.

3. Discussthedifferencesbetweensorbetandsherbet.

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Chapter 9Sustainability in

the Restaurant and Foodservice Industry

True/False 1.Toconservewater,restaurantandfoodserviceoperationsshouldonlyserve

watertocustomersiftheyrequestit.

2.Halfofallwateruseinarestaurantoccursinthekitchen.

3.Meatandfishbonesareidealforcomposting.

4.Inaquaculture,opensystemsrequiremuchmoremanagementthandoclosedsystems,andtheyfrequentlyrequiremoreenergyusageaswell.

5.Organicfoodshavebeenproducedwithoutpesticidesorsyntheticfertilizers.

Multiple Choice 1. TheU.S.governmentagencythatwas

foundedin1970thathasamissiontoprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironmentistheA.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.B.U.S.DepartmentofEnergy.C.U.S.EPAGreenPowerPartnership.D.FoodandAgriculture

Organization.

2. ThepracticeofmeetingcurrentresourceneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilitytoaccommodatefutureneedsiscalledA.sustainability.B.conservation.C.preservation.D.reduction.

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3. ThepracticeoflimitingtheuseofaresourceiscalledA.sustainability.B.conservation.C.preservation.D.reduction.

4. TheEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithalmost75percentwater,butonlypercentofthatcanbeusedbyhumans,eitherasgroundwaterorfreshwater.A.1B.3C.7D.10

5. WhatpercentageoftheUnitedStatesreliesongroundwatertosupplyitshouseholdsandbusinesseswithwater?A.10B.20C.30D.40

6. ApproximatelyhowmanymillionsofgallonsoffreshwaterareusedeachdayintheUnitedStates?A.175B.250C.350D.425

7. PublicwatersupplyandtreatmentfacilitiesintheUnitedStatesconsumeaboutbillionkilowatt-hoursperyear.A.36B.56C.76D.96

8. FuelsthatareformedfromplantoranimalremainsburieddeepintheeartharecalledA.biofuels.B.fossilfuels.C.naturalgas.D.nucleargas.

9. Whichrenewableenergysourcecontainsstoredenergyfromthesunthroughphotosynthesis?A.WindB.SolarC.BiomassD.Geothermal

10. Whichrenewableenergysourcecomesfromheatinsidetheearth?A.WindB.SolarC.BiomassD.Geothermal

11. Whichtypeofrenewableenergysourceconvertsenergytoelectricityusingphotovoltaics?A.WindB.SolarC.BiomassD.Geothermal

12. Inarestaurantorfoodserviceoperation,whichareausesthemostenergy?A.LightingB.RefrigerationC.Heating/coolingD.Cookingequipment

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13. Anabandoned,pollutedindustrialsitethatcanberepurposedforcommercialbusinessuseiscalledaA.brownfieldsite.B.greenbuilding.C.brownbuilding.D.greenfieldsite.

14. Foodthatcustomersdidnoteat,butthatback-of-the-housestaffprepared,cooked,cooled,andheldsafelyiscalledfood.A.organicB.recycledC.repurposedD.composted

15. Whattypeofenvironmentisoneinwhichfoodhasbeenwithinthekitchen’scontrolandhasbeenkeptsafefromcross-contaminationandtime-temperatureabuse?A.OpenB.ClosedC.ControlledD.Uncontrolled

16. Printingonbothsidesofpaperisanexampleofwhichwastemanagementeffort?A.ReuseB.ReduceC.RecycleD.Reprocess

17. Accurateforecastingcanhelpwhichwastemanagementeffort?A.ReuseB.ReduceC.RecycleD.Reprocess

18. Whichwastemanagementefforttransformswasteintovaluableresources?A.ReusingB.ReducingC.RecyclingD.Reprocessing

19. Low-flowsprayvalveshelptoconservewaterbyA.addingairtothesprayer.B.recirculatingwateralready

sprayed.C.holdingthewaterinatankuntil

readytobeused.D.reducingtheamountofwater

comingoutofthesprayer.

20.SinkaeratorshelptoconservewaterbyA.recirculatingsteam.B.holdingwaterinatank.C.addingairtoawaterflow.D.reducingtheamountofwater

comingout.

21. AnaturalformofrecyclingthatoccurswhenorganicmaterialdecomposestoformorganicfertilizeriscalledA.reusing.B.reducing.C.composting.D.repurposing.

22. Foodproducedinthesurroundinggrowingregioniscalledasource.A.localB.non-localC.regionalD.community

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23. WhatisthemostconsumedseafoodintheUnitedStates?A.TunaB.ShrimpC.SalmonD.Tilapia

24. TheproductionofseafoodundercontrolledconditionsiscalledA.aquaculture.B.wildfishing.C.conservation.D.bottomtrawling.

25. Aquacultureaccountsforwhatpercentageofseafoodconsumedglobally?A.30B.40C.50D.60

26. TheUnitedStatesisresponsiblefortheproductionofapproximatelymillionpoundsofseafoodeachyear.A.500B.600C.700D.800

27. Whichtypeofaquaculturesystemusesanaturalbodyofwatertoproduceseafood?A.OpenB.ClosedC.ControlledD.Uncontrolled

28. Whichtypeofsystemonanaquaculturefarmreconditionsandreusesthewater?A.OpenB.ClosedC.ControlledD.Uncontrolled

29.Coffeetreesgrowundertallerrainforesttreesusingthecoffeemethod.A.sunB.shadowC.shade-grownD.roasted-grown

30. FoodsthathavebeenproducedwithoutpesticidesorsyntheticfertilizersareA.fresh.B.organic.C.hormone-free.D.conventional.

31. Handsshouldbewashedinwateratwhattemperature?A.90°FB.100°FC.110°FD.120°F

32. Tousewaterefficiently,restaurantandfoodserviceoperationsshouldthawfoodA.incoolers.B.inthemicrowave.C.onthecounter.D.underrunningwater.

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33. Tousewaterefficiently,restaurantandfoodserviceoperationsshouldscrapeandsoakdirtycookwareandplatesA.instandingwater.B.underrunningwater.C.inboilingwater.D.infreezingwater.

34. Turningoffthelightswhenleavingaroomisanexampleofenergy.A.recyclingB.conservingC.sustainingD.repurposing

35. Whatpercentageoftheworld’sfishspecieshavebeenfullyfished,overfished,ordepletedwithinthelast15years?A.35B.50C.65D.75

36. Worldwide,coffeeproductionaccountsforapproximatelymillionacresoffarmlandspreadover60countries.A.10B.20C.30D.40

37. Whichmethodofcleaningsidewalksandparkinglotswouldbesthelptoconserveresources?A.UsingonebucketofwaterB.WateringwithahoseC.UsingaleafblowerD.Sweeping

38. Aaddsairtoawaterflow,thusreducingwaterconsumption.A.sinkaeratorB.connectionlesssteamerC.tanklesswaterheaterD.low-flowsprayvalve

39. TheEPAreportsthatcommercialbuildingsconsumepercentofallelectricityusedintheUnitedStates.A.44B.54C.64D.74

40. WhensomespeciesarebeingcaughtatafasterratethantheycanreproduceitiscalledA.bycatch.B.trawling.C.overfishing.D.underfishing.

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Short Answer 1. isthepracticeofmeetingcurrentresourceneedswithout

compromisingtheabilitytoaccommodatefutureneeds.

2. A(n)buildingisonethathasbeendesigned,built,renovated,orreusedsothatthestructureconservesenergy,usesresourcesmoreefficiently,andreducestheoverallimpactontheenvironment.

3. Operationscanreducetotalwastebyreducing,reusing,and.

4. istheproductionofseafoodundercontrolledconditions.

5. systemsofaquacultureuseanaturalbodyofwatertoproducefish.

Essay 1. Whyiswaterconservationimportant?

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2. Determinewaysarestaurantandfoodserviceoperationcanreduce.

3. Whatarethewaysarestaurantandfoodserviceoperationcanconserveenergy?

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Chapter 10Global Cuisine 1:

The AmericasTrue/False 1.InCal-Mexcuisinethemeatsareshredded,whileinTex-Mexcuisinethemeats

aregenerallyground.

2.TheancientMexicandietwasusuallyvegetarian,perhapssupplementedwithseafoodinthecoastalregions.

3.Mexicancookinghasinfluencedallcuisinesbecausebarbecueoriginatedinthisregion.

4.BrazilintroducedtheWesternworldtocitrusfruits,whichwerebroughttotheNewWorldandgrowninPortugal.

5.ComalesusedinMexicancookingaremadeofcast-iron.

Multiple Choice 1. Whocultivatedadietcalled“Three

Sisters,”whichconsistsofcorn,beans,andsquash?A.IroquoisB.PilgrimsC.PuritansD.Italians

2. Aclassicmenuitemthatincludescornedbeefbrisket,boiledpotatoes,cabbage,androotvegetablesiscalledA.jambalaya.B.shishkebab.C.lowcountrybroil.D.NewEnglandboileddinner.

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3. Blueberries,cranberries,andConcordgrapesarestaplefruitsofwhatU.S.region?A.SouthB.MidwestC.SouthwestD.Northwest

4. Whichtypeofcuisineusuallyshowcasessimple,heartydishesthatmakeuseoflocallygrownfood?A.SouthernB.MidwesternC.NorthwesternD.Southwestern

5. WhichpeoplearrivedintheMidwestinthe1700sandintroducedthetraditionofservingmealsfamilystyle?A.ItaliansB.GermansC.HungariansD.Scandinavians

6. WhatdidtheScandinaviansintroducetotheMidwest?A.LefseB.PastiesC.GoulashD.Sauerkraut

7. WhichSoutherncuisinewasinfluencedbytheAmericanIndians,whotaughtEuropeansettlerstoplantcornandintroducedthemtonativesquashes,plums,berries,greens,game,andseafood,includingfishandoysters?A.CajunB.CreoleC.TidewaterD.Lowcountry

8. WhichcuisinebeganbyblendingFrenchgrandcuisineprincipleswiththecookingtechniquesofenslavedAfricans?A.CajunB.CreoleC.TidewaterD.Lowcountry

9. WhichstyleofcookingoriginatedintheswampsandbayousofsouthwesternLouisiana?A.CajunB.CreoleC.TidewaterD.Lowcountry

10. AheartysoupthatisoftenmadewithtrinityandshrimpandthenthickenedwithbrownrouxandfiléiscalledA.gumbo.B.andouille.C.jambalayaD.clamchowder.

11. WhichCajundishisaspicyricedishwithchicken,andouillesausage,shrimp,crayfish,trinity,othervegetables,herbs,broth,andseasonings?A.GumboB.AndouilleC.JambalayaD.Clamchowder

12. TrinityisaformofmirepoixusedinCajunandCreoleinwhichthecarrotsarereplacedwithA.okra.B.tomatoes.C.sweetpotatoes.D.greenbellpeppers.

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13. SalsaisasignaturedishofwhichU.S.region?A.SouthB.NortheastC.SouthwestD.Midwest

14. AstyleofcookingandpresentingfoodthatcombinestheingredientsandtechniquesofAsianandWestCoastcuisinesiscalledcuisine.A.hauteB.fusionC.classicalD.nouveau

15. AtropicaltreethatproducesseedpodscontainingbeansthataregroundtomakecocoapowderiscalledA.yucca.B.cacaoC.stevia.D.cassava.

16. AtraditionalCentralAmericanrelishmadefromcabbage,onions,andcarrotstossedinvinegarthatisservedasacondimentonmanydishesiscalledA.curtido.B.pupusa.C.gallo pinto.D.papa rellena.

17. Wheredidbarbecueoriginate?A.CaribbeanB.UnitedStatesC.PacificRimD.SouthAmerica

18. Amixofsaltpork,ham,onions,garlic,greenpeppers,jalapeño,tomato,oregano,andcilantrothatiscookedslowlytogetherandthenusedasafoundationinsoupsandstewsiscalledA.jerk.B.curtido.C.sofrito.D.pupusa.

19. ThestaplesofBoliviaarepotatoes,rice,beans,andA.yucca.B.cacao.C.quinoa.D.bananas.

20. WhichtropicalfruitisastapleofBraziliancuisine?A.KiwiB.QuinceC.BananaD.Pineapple

21. AmixtureofcitrusandfishthatisasignaturedishinPeruiscalledA.ceviche.B.guarana.C.churrasco.D.gallo pinto.

22. CreoleandCajuncookingareblendsofwhatstylesofcuisine?A.French,Indian,andSpanish.B.African,Indian,andPeruvianC.Spanish,French,Moroccan,and

AfricanD.AmericanIndian,Spanish,French,

andAfrican

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23. TheflavorsassociatedwiththecuisineoftheSouthwesternUnitedStatesareA.sweetandsour.B.saltyandsavory.C.smokyandspicy.D.sharpandbitter.

24. TheflavorsassociatedwiththecuisineoftheNortheasternUnitedStatesareA.deepandrich.B.sweetandsour.C.simpleandhearty.D.lightandnutritious.

25. CajunandCreolecuisinesuseafoundationofingredientscalledthetrinity,whichconsistsofA.redpeppers,onions,andcarrots.B.celery,onions,andgreenpeppers.C.scallions,carrots,andyellowpeppers.D.garlic,orangepeppers,andscallions.

26. ACajunporksausagethathasastrong,smoky,garlickytasteiscalledA.gumbo.B.ceviche.C.andouille.D.jambalaya.

27. Whichchefhelpedpopularizefusioncuisine?A.RickBaylessB.EmerilLagasseC.WolfgangPuckD.AliceWaters

28. ThefoodsofCentralAmericacanbedescribedasA.mildandearthy.B.saltyandsavory.C.smokyandspicy.D.lightandnutritious.

29. ACentralAmericandishthatisamixofwhitericeandblackbeanscookedseparatelyandthenfriedtogetherincoconutoiliscalledA.sofrito.B.curtido.C.andouille.D.gallo pinto.

30. WhichplantisastaplecropinAfrica,Asia,andSouthAmerica?A.YuccaB.CacaoC.CassavaD.Anthurium

31. ThetechniqueusedtocookameatbyaddingspicesandthenroastingitoverasmokywoodfireiscalledA.brining.B.grilling.C.barbecue.D.churrasco.

32. RoastingmeatonskewersoverfireiscalledA.grilling.B.stir-frying.C.barbecue.D.churrasco.

33. Athick,handmade,cornbiscuit-likeflatbreadthatistraditionaltoCentralAmericaiscalledaA.lefse.B.curtido.C.sofrito.D.pupusa.

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34. InJamaica,meatisseasonedwithaspicydryrubcalledA.allspice.B.jerkspice.C.Aztecrub.D.Creolerub.

35. ThemostnotablevarietyofmolethatismadewithdriedfruitsandanchochilisiscalledA.MoleNegro.B.MoleVerde.C.MolePoblano.D.MoleAmarillo.

36. Whichareaishometofusioncuisine?A.NorthwestB.SouthwestC.MidwestD.PacificRim

37. InMexicancooking,comals areusedasA.clayplates.B.glassbowls.C.ceramicpots.D.cast-ironpans.

38. ThefoodsofBraziliancuisinecanbedescribedasA.mildandearthy.B.saltyandsavory.C.savoryandspicy.D.lightandnutritious.

39. TheBritishbegantoarriveinlargenumbersintheNortheastduringthe1700sandbroughtmeatpiescalledA.lefse.B.curtido.C.pasties.D.goulash.

40. InCal-MexcuisineoftheSouthwesternUnitedStates,themeatsareA.diced.B.minced.C.ground.D.shredded.

Short Answer 1.cuisinedevelopedinthecityofNewOrleansinthehomesof

FrenchandSpanisharistocrats.

2. isaformofmirepoixthatblendscelery,onions,andgreenbellpeppers.

3. ThestyleofcookingandpresentingfoodthatcombinestheingredientsandtechniquesofAsianandWestCoastcuisinesiscalledcuisine.

4. isatraditionalCentralAmericanrelishoriginatinginElSalvadorthatismadefromcabbage,onions,andcarrotstossedinvinegar.

5. meanssauceormixtureandcansometimesbeusedasasuffixonwordstodescribethesauce.

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Essay 1. DescribethecuisineofthePacificRim.

2. CompareandcontrasttheflavorprofilesoftwoU.S.regions.

3. ExplainhowMexicancuisinehasinfluencedAmericancuisine.Supportyouranswer.

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Chapter 11Global Cuisine 2: Europe,

the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia

True/False 1.CatherinedeMedicibroughtgrandcuisinetoFrance.

2.TheColumbianExchangebroughtmanynewfoodstoSpain,suchastomatoes,peppers,andbeans.

3.ThesignaturecookingmethodsofMoroccoaretaginesandcouscoussière.

4.Garlic,tahini,andchickpeasarestaplesofEgyptiancuisine.

5.CantoncuisinereferstotheelaborateanddelicatespecialtiespreparedfortheelitemembersoftheimperialcourtinPeking.

Multiple Choice 1. Whichtypeofcuisineischaracterized

byhighlyrefineddishesandastrictlydisciplinedbrigadesystem?A.GrandB.HauteC.ClassicD.Nouveau

2. TheAlsatianspecialtyofengorgedliverofafattenedgooseorduckthatissearedorpoached,iscalledA.foiegras.B.cassoulet.C.duckconfit.D.pouletdeBresse.

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3. TheFrenchdishmadefromablue-leggedchickenofrenownedtendernessandflavoriscalledA.foiegras.B.cassoulet.C.duckconfit.D.pouletdeBresse.

4. SouthwestFranceisrenownedforwhichbeansandmeatdish?A.FoiegrasB.CassouletC.PouletdeBresseD.JambondeBayonne

5. WhichEuropeancountryiscreditedwithcreatingthemothersauces?A.ItalyB.SpainC.FranceD.Germany

6. The2majorcookingfatsofItalyareA.oliveoilandbutter.B.butterandsoybeanoil.C.margarineandeggyolks.D.clarifiedbutterandcanolaoil.

7. Whichcountry’sfoodhasbeencharacterizedasla cucina povera,thecuisineofpoverty?A.ItalyB.SpainC.FranceD.Germany

8. ANorthernItalydishthatisanoliveoil-baseddippingsauceflavoredwithanchovyandgarlicandthenservedwarmwithrawvegetablesiscalledA.brodetto.B.bagna cauda.C.bollito misto.D.vitello tonnato.

9. WhichdishisahallmarkofGenoa’scuisine?A.Bollito mistoB.Vitello tonnatoC.Pastacon le sardeD.Bistecca alla Fiorentina

10. WhichgroupintroducedSpaintocitrusfruits,almonds,sugarcane,rice,saffron,andawidevarietyofvegetablesandspices?A.ArabsB.RomansC.ItaliansD.Germans

11. WhichSpanishdishisbasedonrice,oliveoil,andsaffroncookedinonepotoveranopenflame?A.CocidoB.PaellaC.FabadaD.Picada

12. WhichgroupintroducedMoroccotosaffron,ginger,cumin,cinnamon,andtheprinciplesofcombiningsweetandsourflavors?A.ArabsB.BerbersC.PhoeniciansD.Carthaginians

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13. WhichflavorsdescribetheMoroccancuisine?A.SpicyandpungentB.SweetandsavoryC.Sweet,sour,andspicyD.Fresh,clean,andsimple

14. ThenationaldishofMoroccoisA.paella.B.harira.C.tagines.D.couscous.

15. InMorocco,athickstewofchickpeas,rice,meat(usuallylamb),andvegetables,eatenwithsaladorbread,isknownasA.harira.B.tagines.C.B’stilla.D.bollito misto.

16. WhatfoodisconsideredessentialtoGreece’swell-being?A.GarlicB.OlivesC.PeppersD.Tomatoes

17. AGreekcasseroleoflambandeggplant,oftencoveredwithalayerofbéchamelsauceorbeateneggbeforebaking,iscalledA.baklava.B.moussaka.C.shawarma.D.chakchouka.

18. ThetwomostimportantflavoringagentsinGreekcuisineareA.oliveoilandgarlic.B.butterandcanolaoil.C.oliveoilandlemonjuice.D.clarifiedbutterandlemonjuice.

19. ATunisianmixtureofpuréedonionandgarliccombinedwithpungentspicessuchaschiliandsaffroniscalledA.tabil.B.harissa.C.chermoula.D.chakchouka.

20. ThenationaldishofEgyptthatisusuallyeatenatbreakfastisA.katteh.B.shawarma.C.ful medames.D.hamam mashi.

21. InEgypt,shreddedmeatservedinapitawithtahiniiscalledA.chermoula.B.shawarma.C.ful medames.D.hamam mashi.

22. Whichtypeofriceismadeusingthecharacteristicsoak-boil-steamcookingtechnique,producingalight,fluffygrain?A.PoloB.DamyC.KattehD.Chelo

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23. AnIraniancasseroleoflambcookedwithwalnutsauceandflavoredwithpomegranateiscalledA.biryani.B.melohkia.C.shawarma.D.fesenjan.

24. Baharatisapopularseasoninginwhichcountry?A.IranB.EgyptC.MoroccoD.SaudiArabia

25. Whichpeoplewerethefirstknowntocontroltheuseoffireandapplyittocooking?A.IndianB.ChineseC.JapaneseD.African

26. TheChinesebeliefthatfoodsshouldnotbeforcedtobecomesomethingtheyarenot,butshouldbekeptinanatural,purestate,followsthephilosophyofA.Taoism.B.Hinduism.C.Buddhism.D.Confucianism.

27. WhichChinesecuisineisknownforitshotandspicydishes?A.CantonB.ShandongC.MandarinD.SzechwanHunan

28. WhichChinesecuisineincludesthedishessweetandsourporkandeggfooyung?A.CantonB.MandarinC.ShandongD.SzechwanHunan

29. TheChinesecookingtechniquethatisalong,slowbraisinginamixtureofsoysauceandwateriscalledA.stewing.B.velveting.C.redcooking.D.flavor-potting.

30. Inwhichcountryisdrinkingteaaveryancientandrespectedcustom?A.IndiaB.JapanC.BrazilD.Morocco

31. AJapanesefoodmadefromfermentedsoybeanpasteiscalledA.miso.B.shoyu.C.dashi.D.wasabi.

32. InIndia,whichreligionpromotesvegetarianism?A.JudaismB.JainismC.HinduismD.Buddhism

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33. AnIndianspicemixturemadefromavarietyofstrong-tastingspicessuchasblackcardamom,blackpepper,andclovesiscalledA.raanmusallam.B.garammasala.C.panchphoron.D.mangshojhol.

34. TheIndiancookingtechniqueofscatteringdry,whole,orgroundspicesintohotoilorgheeuntiltheypop,flavoringtheoil,iscalledA.dum.B.tarka.C.bhuna.D.talana.

35. Adelicacymadebylayeringpaper-thinsheetsofpastryknownaswarqa withalmondsandpastrycreamiscalledA.paella.B.pastilla.C.baklava.D.moussaka.

36. Aspiceblendofblackpepper,turmeric,ginger,cumin,andnutmegusedtoseasonsoupsandstewsisknownasA.tabil.B.harissa.C.duqqa.D. la kama.

37. ApopularGreekdipthatconsistsofpuréedchickpeasseasonedwithlemonjuice,oliveoil,andsesameseedpasteiscalledA.salsa.B.hummus.C.taramosalataD.avgolemono.

38. TheMoroccanfestivaldishofsteamedforequarteroflamb,flavoredwithcumin,iscalledA.choua.B.harira.C.b’stilla.D.mechoui.

39. TheNeapolitandishofcoldvealwithtunasauceiscalledA.vitello tonnato.B.bollito misto.C.pastacon le sarde.D.bistecca alla Fiorentina.

40. ATuscanspecialtyofgrilledsteak,atleast2inchesthick,iscalledA.saltimbocca.B.bollito misto.C.pastacon le sarde.D.bistecca alla Fiorentina.

Short Answer 1. cuisinereferstotheelaborateanddelicatespecialties

preparedfortheelitemembersoftheimperialcourtinPeking.

2. Redcookingisalong,slowbraisinginamixtureofandwater.

3. TheJapaneseintroducedcookingtechniquessuchasbakinganddeep-frying,whichwerequicklyadoptedas.

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4. IntheNorthernIndiacookingmethodcalled,thepreparercoversthecookingpot,sealsitwithstripsofdough,andthensteamsthefood.

5. aregroundmeatmoldedaroundastickandgrilled.

Essay 1. Howdoreligiousbeliefsaffectglobalcuisines?Giveexamples.

2. Determinewhatinfluencescuisinesindifferentregions.

3. GenerateamenuforaschoollunchthatyouthinkwouldbeacceptabletostudentsandthatincludesfoodsfromGreece.Comparethemtofoodsweeat.

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Final 1True/False 1.Refrigerateddairyproductsshouldbestoredatorbelow41°F.

2.Butterandmayonnaisearecommonexamplesofcondiments.

3.Vegansconsumeonlygrains,legumes,vegetables,fruit,nuts,andseeds.

4.Portioncontrolmeanscontrollingthequantityofparticularfoodsbyusingappropriatelysizedservings.

5.Theas-purchased(AP)methodisusedtocostaningredientatthepurchasepricebefore anytrimorwasteistakenintoaccount.

6.Fixedcostsremainthesameregardlessofsalesvolume.

7.Vinaigretteisthemoststableandthickestemulsifieddressing.

8.Intermezzosaladsarelargeenoughtoserveasafullmealandalsocontainproteiningredients.

9.Aproductionsheetlistsallmenuitemsthatthechefswillprepareonagivenday.

10.Nonperishableproductsarefoodproductssoldordistributedinaformthatwillspoilordecaywithinalimitedperiodoftime.

11.Thetenderestcutsofmeatcomefromthosemusclegroupsthatreceivetheleastamountofexercise.

12.Cutsofmeatwithgreatermarblingorathickerskinorfatcapproducejuicesthatkeepthemeatmoistwhilecooking,evenindryheat.

13.Apressreleaseisabriefpresentationofpromotionalinformationwrittentosoundlikeanewsarticle.

14.Menuengineeringsystematicallybreaksdownamenu’scomponentstoanalyzewhichitemsareprofitableandwhichitemsarenotselling.

15.Soufflésaremorestablethansteamedpuddingsbecauseofthegreaterpercentageofeggsandsugarintheirbatter.

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16.GelatoisanItalianversionoficecreamthatismadeusingmostofthesameingredientsasicecream,butdoesnotcontaineggs.

17.Allfoodwastecanbecomposted.

18.Operationscanreducetheiramountofwastebyreducing,reusing,andrecycling.

19.Curtido isatraditionalCentralAmericanrelishthatismadefromcabbage,onions,andcarrotstossedinvinegar.

20.Sofrito isacombinationofaromaticingredientsthatarequicklycookedtogetherandthenusedasafoundationinsoupsandstews.

21.Grandcuisineischaracterizedbyhighlyrefineddishesandthecreationofastrictlydisciplinedbrigadesystem.

22.Theflavorssweet,sour,andspicydescribeMoroccancuisine.

Multiple Choice 1.Fatisfoundinwhichpartoftheegg?

A.YolkB.ShellC.WhiteD.Chalaza

2. ThemethodusedtocookeggsbenedictandeggsFlorentineisA.frying.B.baking.C.poaching.D.simmering.

3. Onahamandcheesesandwichwithmustard,thehamandcheesearetheA.spread.B.garnish.C.filling.D.condiment.

4. Whattypeofsandwichisaclubsandwich?A.WrapB.ColdC.SubmarineD.Multidecker

5. Whatisthecookingtimeforhard-boiledeggs?A.10minutesB.15minutesC.20minutesD.25minutes

6. EggsthatarefriedonlyonthebottomarecalledA.up.B.basted.C.overeasy.D.scrambled.

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7. Onahamburgerwithketchup,theketchupistheA.garnish.B.spread.C.filling.D.condiment.

8. Thebody’senergyisprovidedmainlybyA.lipids.B.minerals.C.proteins.D.carbohydrates.

9. ThechemicalprocessthatcausesunsaturatedfatstospoiliscalledA.absorption.B.digestion.C.oxidation.D.hydrogenation.

10. ChemicalcompoundsfoundinfoodthatareneededforregulatingmetabolicprocessesarecalledA.vitamins.B.proteins.C.fattyacids.D.aminoacids

11. TheconditioninwhichthebodycannotregulatebloodsugarproperlyiscalledA.anemia.B.diabetes.C.anorexia.D.malnutrition.

12. TheonlysourceofenergyforthebrainandnervoussystemisA.fiber.B.sugar.C.insulin.D.glucose.

13. ThemineralsthathelpbuildstrongbonesandteethareA.ironandzinc.B.sodiumandcalcium.C.potassiumandsodium.D.calciumandphosphorous.

14. Vegansneedtosupplementtheirdietwithwhichvitamin?A.AB.BC.CD.D

15. TheconditionthatcausesthebonestograduallylosetheirmineralsandbecomeweakandfragileiscalledA.diabetes.B.obesity.C.osteoporosis.D.cardiovasculardisease.

16. ThedocumentthatlistsallmenuitemsthataregoingtobepreparedforagivendateiscalledaA.receivingsheet.B.purchaseorder.C.masterschedule.D.productionsheet.

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17. Acompilationofsalesandcostinformationforaspecificperiodoftimeispresentedina(n)A.salesinvoice.B.balancesheet.C.operatingbudget.D.profit-and-lossreport.

18. Usethemethodtominimizethevalueoftheclosinginventory.A.lastin,firstout(LIFO)B.actualpurchasepriceC.latestpurchasepriceD.weightedaveragepurchaseprice

19. Avendor’sdocumentthatlistssuchdetailsasitemspurchased,dateoforder,purchaser,andsalespriceiscalleda(n)A.invoice.B.purchaseorder.C.receivingsheet.D.inventoryrecord.

20. Whichmenupricingmethodrequiresthatanoperationknowtheportioncostsforeachitemsold?A.AveragecheckB.ContributionmarginC.FoodcostpercentageD.Straightmarkuppricing

21. ThetypeoflettucethatistheessentialingredientinCaesarsaladisA.bibb.B.leaf.C.iceberg.D.romaine.

22. ThepartofthesaladthatenhancesappearancewhilealsocomplementingoveralltasteiscalledtheA.base.B.body.C.garnish.D.dressing.

23. Asmallportionofcoleslawisatypeofsalad.A.mainB.appetizerC.intermezzoD.accompaniment

24. Howmanydayscanunopenedproducebestored?A.2to3B.4to5C.6to7D.8to9

25. Aningredientthatcanpermanentlybindunlikeingredients,suchasoilandvinegar,iscalleda(n)A.solution.B.colloid.C.emulsifier.D.suspension.

26. ThemainingredientinguacamoleisA.potatoes.B.tomatoes.C.avocados.D.chickpeas.

27. Whatistheingredientthatholdsaboundsaladtogether?A.MilkB.ButterC.OliveoilD.Mayonnaise

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28. ThechannelofdistributionthatincludesthefarmersandrancherswhoraiseproduceandlivestockiscalledtheA.primarysource.B.secondarysource.C.tertiarysource.D.intermediarysource.

29. isinspecting,accepting,and,insomecases,rejectingdeliveriesofgoodsandservices.A.StoringB.PilferingC.ReceivingD.Ordering

30. Whatisthelegallybindingwrittendocumentthatdetailsexactlywhatthebuyerisorderingfromthevendorcalled?A.PurchaseorderB.InventorysheetC.RequisitionformD.Productionrecord

31. Ifamanagertakesmoneyorothergoodsfromapersoninexchangeforpurchasingfromaspecificvendor,thisactiscalledaA.bribe.B.pilfer.C.payoff.D.kickback.

32. Toforecastbuyingneeds,buyersandmanagersusea(n)A.purchaseorder.B.inventorysheet.C.requisitionform.D.productionrecord.

33. TheidealamountofinventoryitemsthatanoperationshouldhaveatalltimesiscalledA.parstock.B.parvalue.C.perpetualinventory.D.periodicinventory.

34. WhatisthehighestqualityUSDAgradeofbeef?A.GoodB.SelectC.PrimeD.Choice

35. Italiansalamiandpepperoniareexamplesofsausage.A.freshB.curedC.driedD.smoked

36. Whatcolorarethejuiceswhenpoultryisdonecooking?A.RedB.PinkC.ClearD.Brown

37. Shellfishidentificationtagsmustbekeptonfilefordaysfromthedatethelastshellfishwassoldorserved.A.30B.60C.90D.120

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38. Theprocessofremovingashrimp’sdigestivetractiscalledA.deveining.B.trimming.C.trussing.D.shucking.

39. Small,roundpiecesofmeatthataremoldedbywrappingthemincheeseclotharecalledA.scallops.B.noisettes.C.medallions.D.tenderloin.

40. TheconnectivetissuethatattachesthemeattotheboneandwillnotbreakdownduringcookingiscalledA.collagen.B.fibrous.C.adipose.D.elastin.

41. Whichelementofthecontemporarymarketingmixisawayinwhichanoperationtellsitscustomersaboutitsproductsandservices?A.PresentationmixB.CommunicationmixC.Product-servicemixD.Contemporarymarketingmix

42. ThelistofactionstepsnecessaryforanoperationtosellaproductorserviceiscalledaA.marketingplan.B.promotionmix.C.researchreport.D.missionstatement.

43. ThemarketresearchmethodthattriesoutaproductforalimitedtimeorwithalimitedgroupofpeopleisA.surveying.B.sampling.C.observational.D.experimental.

44. ThetypeofsegmentationthatbreaksdownalargemarketintosmallergroupsofsimilarindividualsiscalledA.lifestyle.B.market.C.benefit.D.demographic.

45. ThetypeofmenuthatpriceseachitemseparatelyiscalledA.dujour.B.limited.C.cyclical.D.álacarte.

46. ThemenuitemclassificationthathasahighmenumixpercentageandalowcontributionmarginisA.dog.B.star.C.puzzle.D.plowhorse.

47. Whichmenu,similartoaprixfixemenu,bundlesvariouselementsintoonepackage?A.FixedB.CyclicalC.CaliforniaD.Tabled’hôte

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48. ThebakingingredientthatdeterminestheconsistencyofthefinishedproductisA.sweetener.B.thickener.C.leavening.D.shortening.

49. Whichtypeofdoughismadebyaddingshorteningortenderizingingredientssuchassugar,syrup,butter,eggs,milk,andcream?A.SoftB.RichC.SourD.Sponge

50. Whichmethodisusedtopreparecakeswiththelightesttexture,suchasangelfoodandchiffoncakes?A.FoamingB.CreamingC.Two-stageD.Straightmix

51. Theingredientthatmakesbakedgoodsmoist,addsflavor,andkeepsthemfreshiscalledA.gluten.B.shortening.C.leavening.D.thickener.

52. WhattypeofdoughisusedtomakeFrenchbread?A.SoftB.LeanC.SpongeD.Sourdough

53. Whatisthetermusedtodescribethewhitecoatingthatsometimesappearsonthesurfaceofchocolate?A.NibsB.MoldC.BloomD.Crystal

54. AsaucemadefromfreshberriesorotherfruitsiscalledA.bloom.B.syrup.C.extract.D.coulis.

55. ThetypeofrenewableenergysourcethatconvertsenergytoelectricityusingphotovoltaicsisA.wind.B.solar.C.biomass.D.geothermal.

56. Meetingcurrentresourceneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilitytoaccommodatefutureneedsiscalledwhat?A.PreservationB.ConservationC.SustainabilityD.Compromising

57. WhatpercentageoftheUnitedStatesreliesongroundwatertosupplyitshouseholdsandbusinesseswithwater?A.30B.40C.50D.60

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58. Whichareainarestaurantorfoodserviceoperationusesthemostenergy?A.LightingB.RefrigerationC.Heating/coolingD.Cookingequipment

59. Whichcolorofrecyclingbinisusedforglassandplastics?A.BlueB.GreenC.BlackD.Yellow

60. ThetypeofsystemonanaquaculturefarmthatreconditionsandreuseswateriscalledA.open.B.closed.C.controlled.D.uncontrolled.

61. Whichregionishometofusioncuisine?A.SouthB.NorthwestC.SouthwestD.PacificRim

62. InJamaica,whatisrubbedonmeattomakeitspicy?A.AllspiceB.CreolerubC.JerkspiceD.Horseradish

63. WhichflavorsdescribethefoodsofCentralAmerica?A.SweetandsourB.MildandearthyC.SaltyandheavyD.Lightandnutritious

64. WhatingredientsareinthetrinityofCajunandCreolecuisine?A.Carrots,onions,andceleryB.Celery,onions,andtomatoesC.Celery,onions,andgreenbell

peppersD.Scallions,tomatoes,andsweet

potatoes

65. ThespicyCajunricedishmadeupofchicken,andouillesausage,shrimp,crayfish,trinity,othervegetables,herbs,broth,andseasoningsisknownasA.gumbo.B.ceviche.C.andouille.D.jambalaya.

66. ThestyleofcookingthatoriginatedintheswampsandbayousofsouthwesternLouisianaiscalledA.Creole.B.Cajun.C.tidewater.D.lowcountry.

67. TheScandinaviansintroducedtheMidwesttoA.lefse.B.pasties.C.goulash.D.sauerkraut.

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68. WhichEuropeancountryiscreditedwithcreatingthemothersauces?A.ItalyB.SpainC.FranceD.Belgium

69. WhointroducedSpaintocitrusfruits,almonds,sugarcane,rice,saffron,andawidevarietyofvegetablesandspices?A.ArabsB.RomansC.ItaliansD.Iroquois

70. WhatisthenationalsoupofMorocco?A.PaellaB.HariraC.CouscousD.Gazpacho

71. ThetypeofMiddleEasterncookerythatusesthecharacteristicsoak-boil-steamtechniquetoproducealight,fluffyriceisA.polow.B.damy.C.kateh.D.chelow.

72. ThefirstknownpeopletocontroltheuseoffireandapplyittothecookingoffoodweretheA.Arabs.B.Indians.C.Chinese.D.Japanese.

73. TheChinesebeliefthatfoodsshouldnotbeforcedtobecomesomethingtheyarenot,butshouldbekeptintheirmostnaturalandpurestate,followsthephilosophyofA.TaoismB.Hinduism.C.Buddhism.D.Confucianism.

Short Answer: 1. Milkthathasbeenheatedtodestroyharmfulbacteriahasbeen

.

2. Aneggiscomposedoftheoutershell,thewhite(albumen),andthe.

3. isputtingeggsintocoldwaterimmediatelyaftercookingtostopthecookingandmakethemeasiertopeel.

4. Energyfromfoodismeasuredinunitscalled.

5. Chemicalsthatkillinsectsandotherplantpestsarecalled.

6. isessentialforreplenishingredbloodcells.

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7. Withthemethod,totalrevenueisdividedbythenumberofseats,averageseatturnover,anddaysopeninayear.

8. A(n)isachartthatshowsemployees’namesandthedaysandtimestheyaretowork.

9. isthepriceanoperationpaysoutforthepurchasingandpreparationofitsproductsorinprovidingitsservices.

10. saladsareusuallysweetandoftencontainfruits,sweetenedgelatin,nuts,cream,andwhippedcream.

11. dressinginitssimplestformismadeofoilandvinegar.

12. isthemoststableandthickestemulsifieddressing.

13. arespecialized,writtenpricelistscreatedforanoperationbyasupplier.

14. A(n)sheetlistsallmenuitemsthatthechefswillprepareonagivenday.

15. levelsaretheidealamountsofinventoryitemsthatanoperationshouldhaveatalltimes.

16. measurestheproportionofedibleorusablemeatafterithasbeentrimmedofbonesorfat.

17. isamixtureofleangroundmeatandfatthatisemulsified,orforcedtogether,inafoodgrinderandthenpushedthroughasievetocreateaverysmoothpaste.

18. meatisorganmeatfromhogs,cattle,orsheep.

19. involveinteractingwiththepeopleinthelocalareatocreateawarenessofandtrustforanoperation.

20. A(n)isananalysisofthepopularityandprofitabilityofagroupofmenuitems.

21. A(n)menulistsallmealsavailableatanytimeofday.

22. Whenaproductcontainingrefinedsugarsisbaked,theheatcausesthesugartoturnalightbrowninaprocesscalled.

23. Flavorfuloilstakenfromsuchfoodsasvanilla,lemon,andalmondarecalled.

24. Inbaking,ingredientsaregivenpercentagesinrelationto.

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25. A(n)buildingisonethathasbeendesigned,built,renovated,orreusedsothatthestructureconservesenergy,usesresourcesmoreefficiently,andreducestheoverallimpactontheenvironment.

26. isfoodthatcustomersdidnoteat,butthatback-of-the-housestaffprepared,cooked,cooled,andheldsafely.

27. A(n)sourceoffersfoodproducedinthesurroundinggrowingregion.

28. isaheartysoupoftenmadewithtrinity,shrimp,andokra,andthickenedwithbrownrouxandfilé.

29. Barbecueoriginatedinthe.

30. isatropicaltreethatproducesseedpodscontainingthebeansthataregroundtomakecocoapowder,whichisthenmadeintochocolate.

31. ThesignaturecookingmethodsinMoroccoarecouscoussièreand.

32. TheChinesecuisinethatisknownforitshotandspicyfoodsis.

33. ____________________ ismadebythecharacteristicsoak-boil-steamtechnique,producingalight,fluffyrice.

Essay 1. TheUSDAoffersvoluntarygradingofmeat.Whatarethetwogradesthattheyassign

tomosttypesofmeatandwhatdoeseachmeasure?

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2. Whatarethetwotypesofyeastbreaddoughandwhatdifferentiatesthem?

3. BothItalyandMoroccobordertheMediterranean,yettheyhaveverydifferentcuisines.DescribethedifferenceintraditionalflavorsbetweenItaliandishesandMoroccandishesandprovideexamplesofcommoncookingmethodsineachcountry.

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4. Pricingfoodisaverycomplicatedprocess.Foodcostsmustbecontrolledduringallstagesofthefoodflowprocess.Describethestepsofthisprocessandhowfoodcostsmaybecontrolledateachstep.

5. Identifythetwotypesofvitaminsandexplainhowtheydiffer.

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Final 2True/False 1.Soufflésaremadewithwhippedeggyolks.

2.Cheddarandgruyèreareexamplesoffirm-ripenedcheeses.

3.Osteoporosisisaconditioninwhichthebonesgraduallylosetheirmineralsandbecomeweakandfragile.

4.Solublefiberdissolvesinwater.

5.Arecipecostcardisatoolusedtocalculatethestandardportioncostforamenuitem.

6.Fixedcosts,incontrasttovariablecosts,changebasedontheoperation’ssales.

7.Vinaigrettesarelighter,thinnerdressingsoftenusedonmoredelicateingredients.

8.Anemulsionisatemporarymixtureofingredientsthateventuallyseparatesbackintoitsuniqueparts.

9.Theofficialprocedurethatemployeesusewhentakinganitemoutofthestoreroomandputtingitintoproductioniscalledissuing.

10.Awritteninvoiceshouldaccompanyeverydelivery.

11.Gamemeatismeatfromanimalsthathavebeenraiseddomestically.

12.Darkmeatishigherincaloriesandfat.

13.Demographicsrefertothewaysinwhichresearcherscategorizeorgrouppeople,whichcanbedoneinanumberofways.

14.Thecontributionmarginisdefinedastheamountofmoneyremainingforanoperationafterexpenses,orcosts,arepaid.

15.Quickbreadsandcakesusethesamemixingmethods.

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16.3-2-1doughismadeof3partsflour,2partsfat,and1partwater.

17.Almost75percentoftheEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater,butonly5percentofthatcanbeusedbyhumans,eitherasgroundwaterorasfreshwater.

18.Abrownfieldsiteisanabandoned,pollutedindustrialsitethatcanbecleanedupandrepurposedforcommercialuse.

19.Comals areclaypotsusedinMexicancooking.

20.PeppersareamajorflavoringagentofMexicanfoodinallregions.

21.BaharatisapopularseasoninginSaudiArabia.

22.TheChinesebeliefthatfoodsshouldnotbeforcedtobecomesomethingtheyarenot,butshouldbekeptintheirmostnaturalandpurestate,followsthephilosophyofTao.

Multiple Choice 1. Eggscookedforimmediateservice

shouldreachaninternaltemperatureoffor15seconds.A.145°FB.155°FC.165°FD.175°F

2. ThepartofaneggthatalsoisknownasthealbumenistheA.yolk.B.white.C.shell.D.chalaza.

3. Whichtypeofcheesehasmoldinjectedorsprayedintothecheesetospreadthroughoutitwhileitages?A.Firm,ripenedB.Soft-ripenedC.Blue-veinedD.Unripened,fresh

4. Theprocessinwhichdairiesmakecheesebyseparatingthemilk’ssolidsfromitsliquidiscalledA.curdling.B.clarification.C.pasteurization.D.homogenization.

5. Inwhichcookingmethodareeggsconstantlystirred?A.BakingB.FryingC.ShirringD.Scrambling

6. Asavoryeggcustardbakedinacrustiscalleda(n)A.frittata.B.omelet.C.soufflé.D.quiche.

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7. Whichtypeofsandwichconsistsof2slicesofbreador2halvesofaroll,aspread,andafilling?A.ColdB.WrapC.GrilledD.Submarine

8. Whichprocessaltersthephysicalpropertiesoffatsandmakesthemstayfreshlonger?A.DigestionB.EvaporationC.AbsorptionD.Hydrogenation

9. Olive,canola,andpeanutoilaresourcesofwhichtypeoffat?A.SaturatedB.CholesterolC.MonounsaturatedD.Polyunsaturated

10. ThenutrientsneededtobuildnewcellsandrepairinjuredonesareA.lipids.B.minerals.C.vitamins.D.proteins.

11. Meat,poultry,andfishareexamplesofwhichtypeofprotein?A.CompleteB.IncompleteC.ComplementaryD.Noncomplementary

12. TheconditionthatoccurswhenthebodydoesnotgetenoughnutrientsiscalledA.anemia.B.anorexia.C.malnutrition.D.osteoporosis.

13. Which2nutrientsarelostwhenmeatiscookedtoolong?A.IronandpotassiumB.VitaminAandironC.ProteinandvitaminB12D.ThiamineandvitaminB6

14. ThesubstancefoundinfoodthatpromotesdigestivehealthandregularityiscalledA.fiber.B.starch.C.fattyacids.D.cholesterol.

15. Whichtypeofvegetarianconsumesvegetarianitemsplusdairyproducts?A.VeganB.OvoC.LactoD.Lacto-ovo

16. ArecordofthenumberofportionsofeveryitemsoldonamenuiscalledaA.saleshistory.B.salesinvoice.C.receivingsheet.D.productionsheet.

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17. IncomefromthesaleoffooditemsiscalledA.revenue.B.expenses.C.fixedcost.D.grossprofit.

18. Whenisthecostofafooditemincurred?A.Whenitisordered.B.Whenitisconsumed.C.Whenitisbudgeted.D.Whenitispurchased.

19. Whichclassificationofcostcoversaleaseandutilities?A.Non-fixedB.VariableC.ControllableD.Uncontrollable

20. TheinventorymethodthatassumesthatstockhasbeenrotatedduringthemonthiscalledA.firstin,firstout(FIFO).B.lastin,firstout(LIFO).C.latestpurchaseprice.D.weightedaveragepurchaseprice.

21. ThemostpopularAmericansaladgreenisA.endive.B.arugula.C.iceberglettuce.D.romainelettuce.

22. ThepartofthesaladthatismadeupofalayerofgreensthatlinetheplateorbowlinwhichthesaladisservediscalledtheA.base.B.body.C.garnish.D.dressing.

23. ThesaladtypethatstimulatestheappetiteandislightenoughforthefirstcourseistheA.appetizer.B.intermezzo.C.maincourse.D.accompaniment.

24. Atwhichtemperaturerangeshouldloosesaladgreensbestored?A.29˚Fto35˚FB.36˚Fto41˚FC.42˚Fto47˚FD.48˚Fto55˚F

25. ThestandardrecipeforabasicvinaigretteisA.1partoil,1partvinegar.B.2partsoil,2partsvinegar.C.3partsoil,2partsvinegar.D.3partsoil,1partvinegar.

26. GrilledchickenCaesarsaladisatypeofsalad.A.starterB.maincourseC.intermezzoD.accompaniment

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27. Whatenhancestheappearanceofasalad,whilealsocomplementingtheoveralltaste?A.DipB.FillingC.GarnishD.Vinaigrette

28. Abuyermustplaceanorderforcrushedtomatoes.Parstockis15cases,8casesareinstock,and3caseswillbeusedbeforedelivery.Howmanycasesshouldthebuyerorder?A.8B.9C.10D.11

29. Inwhichchannelofdistributiondoesthecompanybuyfooditemsfromafarmerandthenresellthosesamefooditemstoaretailer?A.DistillerB.ManufacturerC.PrimarysourceD.Intermediarysource

30. ThepurchasingmethodthatincludesverbalpricequotesiscalledA.timevalue.B.basicpurchasing.C.formalpurchasing.D.informalpurchasing.

31. Thepurchasingformthatdescribesindetailthecharacteristicsofproductsandservicesthatanoperationwantstobuyiscalleda(n)A.requisitionform.B.purchaseorder.C.inventorysheet.D.specificationsform.

32. Topurchaseanewpieceofkitchenequipment,achefmustfilloutaA.receivingsheet.B.purchaseorder.C.requisitionform.D.productspecification.

33. Theprocessofinspecting,accepting,orrejectingdeliveriesofgoodsandservicesiscalledA.issuing.B.storing.C.pilfering.D.receiving.

34. Whatisthetoughmembraneonmeatcalled?A.TenderloinB.SilverskinC.NoisettesD.Medallions

35. Afishthathashaditsviscera,scales,fins,andoftenitsheadremovedisafish.A.drawnB.steakC.wholeD.dressed

36. ThecategoryofshellfishthatincludesthosewithasingleinternalshellandtentaclesiscalledA.finfish.B.mollusks.C.crustaceans.D.cephalopods.

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37. FlounderandhalibutareexamplesofA.flatfish.B.roundfish.C.crustaceans.D.cephalopods.

38. ThebestcookingmethodfortoughercutsofmeatisA.frying.B.grilling.C.braising.D.sautéing.

39. Thefabricationtechniqueinwhichapieceofmeatiscutlengthwisenearlyinhalf,sothatitopensoutandliesflat,iscalledA.trimming.B.filleting.C.trussing.D.butterflying.

40. Whichgradeofseafoodismarkedwithastamp?A.AB.BC.CD.D

41. Acollectionofpeoplewithsimilar,specificneedsandwantsiscalledaA.club.B.group.C.market.D.segment.

42. Whatistheprocessofcommunicatingabusiness’smessagestoitsmarketcalled?A.MarketingB.PresentingC.ServicingD.Positioning

43. Whichelementofthecontemporarymarketingmixincludesallthefoodandservicesofferedbyanoperationtoacustomer?A.PresentationB.CommunicationC.Product-serviceD.Place-promotion

44. Themarketresearchmethodthatgathersinformationthroughtelephone,e-mail,ortablesideisA.sampling.B.surveying.C.observational.D.experimental.

45. Thetypeofmarketingthattreatspeopleasdifferentfromeachotherandtriestomakeafocusedappealtoadistinctgroupofcustomersiscalledmarketing.A.massB.targetC.demographicD.geographic

46. ThetypeofmarketsegmentationthatanalyzestheheavyusersofaproductorserviceisA.lifestyle.B.benefit.C.productusage.D.uniqueselling.

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47. ThetypeofmenuthatliststhemenuitemsavailableonaparticulardayisA.dujour.B.fixed.C.limited.D.cyclical.

48. TheingredientthatprovidesmoisturetoabakedproductandallowstheglutentodevelopproperlyisA.yeast.B.extract.C.butter.D.liquid.

49. Whichtypeofcookieincludespeanutbuttercookies?A.BarB.SheetC.RolledD.Molded

50. Whichmethodforpreparingquickbreadsandcakebattersisusedtoprepareproductswithamorerefinedcrumbanddense,richtexture?A.CreamingB.2-stageC.FoamingD.Straightmix

51. Whatistheprocesscalledwhenabakerallowsyeastdoughtorisejustbeforebaking?A.ProofingB.YeastingC.KneadingD.Portioning

52. Whichtypeofdoughisusedtomakepiecrust?A.3-2-1B.SoftC.LeanD.Phyllo

53. Thisisanelegant,rich,many-layeredcakeoftenfilledwithbuttercreamorjam.A.TorteB.CoulisC.BaklavaD.Sabayon

54. Ifchocolatebecomesgrainyorscorchedduringtempering,thebakershouldA.addmoreliquid.B.reheatthechocolate.C.reducetheheat.D.discardthechocolate.

55. TherenewableenergysourcethatcontainsstoredenergyfromthesunamassedthroughphotosynthesisisA.wind.B.solar.C.biomass.D.geothermal.

56. Whatisthepracticeoflimitingtheuseofaresourcecalled?A.PreservationB.ConservationC.SustainabilityD.Reduction

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57. Eachday,theUnitedStatesusesapproximatelyhowmanymillionsofgallonsoffreshwater?A.240B.350C.450D.550

58. Thetypeofenvironmentinwhichfoodhasbeenwithinthekitchen’scontrolandhasbeenkeptsafefromcross-contaminationandtime-temperatureabuseiscalledA.open.B.closed.C.controlled.D.uncontrolled.

59. Whattemperatureshouldwaterbeforhandwashing?A.100°FB.110°FC.120°FD.130°F

60. Usingaresourcetodayinwaysthatdon’thurtthefutureabilitytousethatsameresourceiscalledA.preservation.B.conservation.C.sustainability.D.reduction.

61. IntheSouthwesterncuisineTex-Mex,themeatsareA.diced.B.minced.C.ground.D.shredded.

62. WhatistheflavorprofileofthecuisineoftheSouthwesternUnitedStates?A.SweetandsourB.SaltyandsavoryC.HotandearthyD.Smokyandspicy

63. WhatstyleofcookingandpresentingfoodcombinestheingredientsandtechniquesofAsianandWestCoastcuisine?A.HauteB.FusionC.ClassicalD.Barbecue

64. ThecuisinethatbeganbyblendingFrenchgrandcuisineprincipleswiththecookingtechniquesofenslavedAfricansiscalledA.Creole.B.Cajun.C.tidewater.D.lowcountry.

65. TheCentralAmericandishthatisamixofwhitericeandblackbeans,cookedseparatelyandthenfriedtogetherincoconutoil,iscalledA.sofrito.B.curtido.C.andouille.D.gallo pinto.

66. WhichPeruviansignaturedishmixeskeylimecitrusjuicewithrawfish?A.CevicheB.SashimiC.FeijoadaD.Papa rellena

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67. ThestaplesofBoliviaarepotatoes,rice,beans,andA.yucca.B.quinoa.C.scallions.D.bananas.

68. WhatarethemajorcookingfatsofItaly?A.OliveoilandbutterB.ButterandcanolaoilC.MargarineandeggyolksD.Clarifiedbutterandvegetableoil

69. ThegroupofpeoplewhointroducedtheMoroccanstosaffron,ginger,cumin,cinnamon,andtheprinciplesofcombiningsweetandsourflavorsweretheA.Arabs.B.Berbers.C.Romans.D.Carthaginians.

70. WhatarethemostimportantflavoringagentsinGreekcuisine?A.OliveoilandbutterB.GarlicandoliveoilC.GarlicandlemonjuiceD.Oliveoilandlemonjuice

71. WhatChinesecookingtechniqueisalong,slowbraisinginamixtureofsoysauceandwater?A.StewingB.VelvetingC.RedcookingD.Flavor-potting

72. WhatistheNeapolitandishofcoldvealwithtunasaucecalled?A.Vitello tonnatoB.Bollito mistoC.Pastacon le sardeD.Bistecca alla Fiorentina

73. TheChinesecuisinethatincludesthedishessweetandsourporkandeggfooyungisA.Canton.B.Shandong.C.Mandarin.D.SzechwanHunan.

Short Answer: 1. eggsarecrackedopenandcombinedinacontainer.

2. isahot,open-facedItalianpiewithacrisp,yeastdoughbottom.

3. sandwichesaresmall,coldsandwichesusuallyservedonbreadortoast,trimmedoftheircrusts,andcutintoshapes.

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4. Chemicalsthataidthebodyinfightingorpreventingdiseasesarecalled.

5. Productsthathavebeenproducedwithoutpesticidesorsyntheticfertilizersarecalled.

6. Therecommendeddailynutrientandenergyintakeamountsforhealthypeopleofaparticularagerangeandgenderarecalled.

7. istheportionofdollarsthataparticularmenuitemcontributestooverallprofits.

8. A(n)isapredictionofsaleslevelsorcoststhatwilloccurduringaspecifictimeperiod.

9. representsthedollarvalueofafoodproductinstorageandcanbeexpressedintermsofunits,values,orboth.

10. Thesaladisintendedtobeapalatecleanserafterarichdinnerandbeforedessert.

11. Ifarestaurantorfoodserviceoperationrunsoutoffood,itiscalleda(n).

12. A(n)isalegallybindingwrittendocumentthatdetailsexactlywhatthebuyerisorderingfromthevendor.

13. A(n)isawrittenrecordthatensuresthevendorwillcredittheoperationforarejecteditem.

14. Theoftheoperationistheamountoffundsavailabletoitatanygiventime.

15. referstotheamountofwatermoistureintheairorinacontainedspacesuchasarefrigerator.

16. Butchershangthemeatduringtohelplengthenthemusclefibersandincreasethetendernessofthemeat.

17. haveabackboneandcanliveinfreshwaterorintheocean.

18. istheopeningorremovingofamollusk’sshell.

19. Theprocessofcommunicatingabusiness’smessagetoitsmarketiscalled.

20. marketingtreatseveryoneashavingthesameneedsandwants.

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21. refertohowresearcherscategorizeorgrouppeople,whichcanbedoneinanumberofways.

22. istheprocedureforpreparingapre-bakedpieshell.

23. Theprocessofmeltingchocolateiscalled.

24. Ifthedessertsaucecrèmeanglaisebeginstooverheat,itcan,ordeveloplumps.

25. Fuelsthatareformedfromplantoranimalremainsburieddeepintheeartharecalled.

26. donotrelyonafinitesupplyofaresource,directlyemitgreenhousegases,orcontributetoairpollution.

27. isanaturalformofrecyclingthatoccurswhenorganicmaterialdecomposestoformorganicfertilizer.

28. InCal-Mex,meatsare.

29. meanssauceormixture,andcansometimesbeusedasasuffixonwordstodescribethesauce.

30. A(n)lookslikeafat,homemadetortilla,butisactuallyapan-friedcornbiscuitfilledwithcheese,beans,pork,orchicken.

31. AnimportantcookingmethodinnorthernIndiais,inwhichthepreparercoversthecookingpot,sealsitwithstripsofdough,andsteamsthefood.

32. Chinesecuisineisbasedontheyinandyangphilosophyofthe.

33. TheflourthatismostfrequentlyusedinItaliancuisineis.

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Essay 1. Whatarethedifferencesinthefatcontentofbuttermilk,evaporatedmilk,and

condensedmilk,andhowareeachofthesemade?

2. Identifyanddescribe4basicpartsofasaladandtheappropriateingredientstouseforeachpart.

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3. Nameanddescribethe3primaryelementsofthecontemporarymarketingmix.

4. Identify3waysinwhichtherestaurantandfoodserviceindustrycanhelptosavewater,whilestillprotectingfoodandmeetingtheneedsofcustomers?

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5. ComparetheflavorprofilesofthedifferentpartsoftheUnitedStates—theNortheast,theMidwest,theSouth,theSouthwest,andthePacificCoast/Rim.

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Chapter 1Breakfast Foods

and SandwichesTrue/False 1. ANS:T

REF:10

2. ANS:TREF:12

3. ANS:TREF:53

4. ANS:FREF:46

5. ANS:FREF:16

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:C

REF:6

2. ANS:BREF:12

3. ANS:DREF:12

4. ANS:AREF:14

5. ANS:DREF:16

6. ANS:AREF:16

7. ANS:CREF:17

8. ANS:CREF:17

9. ANS:CREF:17

10. ANS:BREF:19

11. ANS:CREF:20

12. ANS:DREF:25

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13. ANS:CREF:25

14. ANS:BREF:25

15. ANS:CREF:28

16. ANS:DREF:18

17. ANS:BREF:25

18. ANS:AREF:40

19. ANS:DREF:41

20. ANS:AREF:43

21. ANS:CREF:46

22. ANS:BREF:46

23. ANS:DREF:55

24. ANS:CREF:54

25. ANS:AREF:54

26. ANS:AREF:57

27. ANS:BREF:57

28. ANS:DREF:58

29. ANS:BREF:57

30. ANS:CREF:62

31. ANS:BREF:55

32. ANS:CREF:64

33. ANS:CREF:54

34. ANS:CREF:56

35. ANS:BREF:47

36. ANS:CREF:25

37. ANS:BREF:16

38. ANS:AREF:17

39. ANS:BREF:42

40. ANS:AREF:25

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Chapter 1 | Breakfast Foods

103

Essay 1. ANS:Tobeacceptable,shelleggsmustalsomeetthefollowingcriteria:

■■ Noodor■■ Cleanandunbrokenshells■■ Rejectanyshelleggswithanoffodor,asulfursmell,ordirtyorcracked

shells.

Whendelivered,refrigerateliquidandfrozeneggsatorbelow45°Funlesstheeggsshouldstayfrozen.Storefresheggsimmediatelyinrefrigerationatanairtemperatureof45°Forlower.Storeliquideggsaccordingtothemanufacturer’srecommendations.Placedriedeggproductsinacool,drystoreroom.Onceeggproducthasbeenmixedwithwater,storeat41°Forlower.Nomatterhowtheyareprepared,alwaysfollowsafetystepstoensureproperlycookedeggs:

■■ Handlepooledeggscarefully.Pooledeggsareeggsthatarecrackedopenandcombinedinacontainer.Cookthemimmediatelyaftermixing,orstorethemat41°Forlower.

■■ Washandsanitizethecontainersusedtoholdpooledeggsbeforemakinganewbatch.

■■ Keepshelleggsincoldstorageuntilreadyforuse.Takeoutonlyasmanyeggsasneededforimmediateuse.

REF:22

Short Answer 1. ANS:smokepoint

REF:12

2. ANS:BastedREF:25

3. ANS:HerbalREF:46

4. ANS:PizzaREF:54

5. ANS:TeaREF:56

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2. ANS:Baconisabout70percentfatandshrinksquiteabit.Canadianbaconissimilartohamandismuchleanerthanregularbacon.REF:41

3. ANS:Inthebroadestsenseoftheword,sandwichesmaybeservedinavarietyofways—open-facedononesliceofbread,rolledupinapieceofbread(suchasawrapsandwich),orevenonaflatcrust(suchaspizza).Whilenotatypicalsandwich,pizzaishot,open-faced,andhasatremendousvarietyoftoppingsorfillingsandsaucesaswell.Examplesincludechickenalfredo,HawaiianwithpineappleandCanadianbacon,andtacopizza.REF:53

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105

Chapter 2Nutrition

True/False 1. ANS:T

REF:94

2. ANS:TREF:86

3. ANS:FREF:93

4. ANS:FREF:96

5. ANS:FREF:112

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:A

REF:80

2. ANS:BREF:87

3. ANS:DREF:84

4. ANS:BREF:87

5. ANS:BREF:90

6. ANS:DREF:90

7. ANS:AREF:91

8. ANS:BREF:92

9. ANS:CREF:93

10. ANS:BREF:94

11. ANS:DREF:95

12. ANS:BREF:95

13. ANS:CREF:96

14. ANS:BREF:98

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15. ANS:DREF:100

16. ANS:DREF:100

17. ANS:DREF:27

18. ANS:CREF:101

19. ANS:CREF:111

20. ANS:CREF:126

21. ANS:CREF:113

22. ANS:DREF:92

23. ANS:AREF:85

24. ANS:BREF:88

25. ANS:DREF:85

26. ANS:CREF:87

27. ANS:CREF:87

28. ANS:BREF:90

29. ANS:DREF:91

30. ANS:DREF:92

31. ANS:BREF:92

32. ANS:DREF:95

33. ANS:AREF:93

34. ANS:AREF:100

35. ANS:BREF:100

36. ANS:BREF:101

37. ANS:CREF:106

38. ANS:CREF:103

39. ANS:BREF:127

40. ANS:DREF:84

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Chapter 2 | Nutrition

107

Essay 1. ANS:Waterisessentialforthedigestion,absorption,andtransportationofnutrients

andfortheeliminationofwastethroughthekidneys,colon,andlungs.Thehumanbodycanlivealongtimewithoutmanyothernutrients,butonlyafewdayswithoutwater.Othersourcesofwaterincludejuices,fruits,andvegetables.REF:96

2. ANS:Vitaminsarechemicalmixturesfoundinfoodsthathelpcarbohydrates,proteins,fats,andmineralsworkproperly.Water-soluablevitamins(vitaminsCandB)mixonlywithwater.Fat-solublevitamins(vitaminsA,D,E,andK)mixonlywithfat.Theyareneededforregulatingmetabolicprocesses,suchasdigestionandtheabsorptionofnutrients.Theyareessentialforlife.REF:94

3. ANS:Washvegetablesquicklyandthoroughly,neversoakvegetables,avoidexcessivetrimming,andpreparevegetablesandfruitasclosetoservingtimeaspossible.REF:114

Short Answer 1. ANS:Simple

REF:86

2. ANS:InsolubleREF:88

3. ANS:CholesterolREF:90

4. ANS:waterREF:94

5. ANS:geneticallymodifiedorganismsREF:126

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Chapter 3Cost Control

True/False 1. ANS:T

REF:203

2. ANS:TREF:202

3. ANS:FREF:147

4. ANS:TREF:167

5. ANS:FREF:177

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:C

REF:148

2. ANS:DREF:148

3. ANS:CREF:151

4. ANS:BREF:152

5. ANS:AREF:153

6. ANS:DREF:153

7. ANS:AREF:178

8. ANS:CREF:156

9. ANS:CREF:156

10. ANS:AREF:157

11. ANS:DREF:157

12. ANS:AREF:167

13. ANS:BREF:168

14. ANS:BREF:168

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15. ANS:DREF:176

16. ANS:CREF:178

17. ANS:BREF:178

18. ANS:CREF:179

19. ANS:BREF:168

20. ANS:AREF:169–170

21. ANS:CREF:178

22. ANS:DREF:189

23. ANS:AREF:191

24. ANS:CREF:199

25. ANS:BREF:200

26. ANS:BREF:200

27. ANS:AREF:201

28. ANS:AREF:202

29. ANS:DREF:205

30. ANS:DREF:167

31. ANS:AREF:205

32. ANS:CREF:187

33. ANS:DREF:148

34. ANS:DREF:167

35. ANS:AREF:177

36. ANS:CREF:205

37. ANS:CREF:152

38. ANS:BREF:167

39. ANS:AREF:185

40. ANS:BREF:147

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Chapter 3 | Cost Control

111

Essay 1. ANS:Themenudeterminesthenumberofemployeesneededatanygiventime.

Laborcostsarecontrolledbyforecastinghowmanycustomerscanbeexpectedformealtimesandhowmanyemployeesareneededtomeetfoodserviceschedules.Whenmorepreparationtimeisneededtoproducefooditems,laborcostswillbehigher.REF:187–189

2. ANS:Inordertocontrolmenucosts,managersmustforecastsalesofmenuitems.Forecastingusesdatatopredictwhatislikelytohappeninthefuture.Forecastingisasuccessfultoolformenuplanning.REF:155–156

3. ANS:Improperpurchasing,inaccurateforecasting,poorreceivingprocedures,failuretofollowstandardizedrecipes,poorproductionschedules,lackofgoodsellingandservice,andimproperselectionofmenuitemscanallcontributetohighfoodcosts.REF:165–166

Short Answer 1. ANS:point-of-sale(POS)systems

REF:153

2. ANS:Full-linesupplierREF:158

3. ANS:InventoryREF:167

4. ANS:as-purchasedREF:170

5. ANS:contributionmarginREF:178

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Chapter 4Salads and Garnishing

True/False 1. ANS:T

REF:248

2. ANS:TREF:252

3. ANS:FREF:254

4. ANS:FREF:225

5. ANS:TREF:221

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:C

REF:220

2. ANS:DREF:220

3. ANS:DREF:220

4. ANS:AREF:221

5. ANS:CREF:222

6. ANS:BREF:223

7. ANS:DREF:226

8. ANS:AREF:235

9. ANS:DREF:235

10. ANS:CREF:235

11. ANS:BREF:237

12. ANS:AREF:238

13. ANS:AREF:225

14. ANS:DREF:232

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15. ANS:CREF:244

16. ANS:CREF:245

17. ANS:BREF:245

18. ANS:BREF:245

19. ANS:DREF:245

20. ANS:CREF:247

21. ANS:BREF:248

22. ANS:DREF:252

23. ANS:CREF:252

24. ANS:CREF:245

25. ANS:DREF:260

26. ANS:AREF:264

27. ANS:CREF:267

28. ANS:DREF:268

29. ANS:CREF:267

30. ANS:CREF:267

31. ANS:CREF:267

32. ANS:CREF:237

33. ANS:DREF:225

34. ANS:CREF:233

35. ANS:BREF:268

36. ANS:AREF:225

37. ANS:BREF:225

38. ANS:BREF:235

39. ANS:DREF:235

40. ANS:AREF:235

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Chapter 4 | Salads and Garnish

115

Essay 1. ANS:Asaladdressingisusedprimarilytoflavorsaladsandtoholdasaladtogether.

Manysaladdressingsarealsousedasdips.Adipisaflavorfulmixturethataccompaniesfoodssuchasrawvegetables,crackers,orchips.Likesaladdressings,dipsshouldcomplementorenhanceafood’sflavor.REF:251

2. ANS:Thetwotypesofgreensaladaretossedandcomposed.Prepareallingredientsindividuallyforeithersalad.Tosstogethertheingredientsofatossedgreensaladpriortoplating.Placeatossedsaladonabaseorservewithoutfurthergarnish.Composedsaladsshouldnotbetossed.Arrangetheingredientsonthebaseseparatelytocreatethedesiredtasteexperienceandachieveahighlevelofvisualappeal.REF:225

3. ANS:Thepurposeofagarnishistoaddflavor,color,andtexturetodishes.Agarnishismeanttodrawattentiontothefood.Garnishshouldnotoverwhelmafoodordetractfromit.Garnishesshouldbeusedtocreateavisualimpressionandalsotoaddatasteexperience.REF:222

Short Answer 1. ANS:Garnish

REF:222

2. ANS:composedREF:225

3. ANS:suspensionREF:244

4. ANS:EmulsifiedvinaigretteREF:245

5. ANS:DipsREF:251

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Chapter 5Purchasing and

InventoryTrue/False 1. ANS:T

REF:293

2. ANS:TREF:315

3. ANS:FREF:329

4. ANS:FREF:332

5. ANS:FREF:336

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:B

REF:289

2. ANS:DREF:290

3. ANS:BREF:290

4. ANS:AREF:291

5. ANS:DREF:291

6. ANS:DREF:296

7. ANS:DREF:297

8. ANS:DREF:298

9. ANS:BREF:298

10. ANS:DREF:291

11. ANS:BREF:318

12. ANS:AREF:297

13. ANS:CREF:300

14. ANS:CREF:300

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15. ANS:CREF:310

16. ANS:CREF:312

17. ANS:CREF:314

18. ANS:CREF:314

19. ANS:AREF:314

20. ANS:AREF:314

21. ANS:BREF:315

22. ANS:BREF:315

23. ANS:BREF:315

24. ANS:CREF:316

25. ANS:CREF:318

26. ANS:BREF:318

27. ANS:AREF:318

28. ANS:CREF:318

29. ANS:CREF:326

30. ANS:BREF:328

31. ANS:CREF:331

32. ANS:DREF:331

33. ANS:BREF:332

34. ANS:BREF:333

35. ANS:334REF:54

36. ANS:BREF:334

37. ANS:AREF:334

38. ANS:DREF:316

39. ANS:BREF:332

40. ANS:BREF:332

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Chapter 5 | Purchasing and Inventory

119

Essay 1. ANS:Productspecifications,orspecs,describetherequirementsforaparticular

productorservicethatanoperationwantstobuy.Specificationsincludethedetailsthathelpaproductorservicemeettheoperation’squalitystandards.Operationsshouldalwaysdocumentproductspecifications.Thepartsusuallyincludedareacceptablesubstitutes,acceptabletrim,brandnew,color,exactname,intendeduse,marketform,packaging,placeoforigin,pricing,size,temperature,andUSDAgradeofitem.REF:312–313

2. ANS:Amake-or-buyanalysiscomparesthepriceofbuyingaconveniencefoodwithmakingthatitemfromscratch.Bothgoodsandlaborneedtobeconsideredwhendoingamake-or-buyanalysis.REF:313

3. ANS:Inventoryisarecordofallthegoodsthatarestauranthasonhand,bothinstorageandinthekitchenpreparea.Accurateinventoryrecordshelpthebuyerdeterminehowmuchstocktoorderatanytime,helpthemanagerkeepfoodcostslowandprofitshigh,andallowthemanagertobetterplanforfutureneeds.REF:333–334

Short Answer 1. ANS:Franchisees

REF:300

2. ANS:leadersREF:315

3. ANS:reorderpointREF:316

4. ANS:PilferingREF:334

5. ANS:make-or-buyanalysisREF:313

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Chapter 6Meat, Poultry,

and SeafoodTrue/False 1. ANS:T

REF:381

2. ANS:TREF:402

3. ANS:FREF:409

4. ANS:FREF:356

5. ANS:TREF:387

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:B

REF:353

2. ANS:DREF:355

3. ANS:AREF:355

4. ANS:BREF:356

5. ANS:AREF:359

6. ANS:DREF:358

7. ANS:DREF:358

8. ANS:AREF:359

9. ANS:CREF:356

10. ANS:CREF:392

11. ANS:BREF:368

12. ANS:DREF:368

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13. ANS:CREF:371

14. ANS:BREF:368

15. ANS:DREF:372

16. ANS:AREF:380

17. ANS:BREF:387

18. ANS:BREF:388

19. ANS:CREF:389

20. ANS:AREF:396

21. ANS:AREF:397

22. ANS:BREF:396

23. ANS:DREF:397

24. ANS:CREF:397

25. ANS:DREF:397

26. ANS:AREF:399

27. ANS:DREF:399

28. ANS:CREF:402

29. ANS:CREF:403

30. ANS:DREF:387

31. ANS:DREF:408

32. ANS:CREF:416

33. ANS:CREF:416

34. ANS:DREF:417

35. ANS:AREF:417

36. ANS:CREF:418

37. ANS:BREF:389

38. ANS:DREF:371

39. ANS:AREF:358

40. ANS:CREF:358

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Chapter 6 | Meats

123

Essay 1. ANS:Wraplooselyinair-permeablepaperandstoreunderrefrigerationat41°For

below;nevertightlywrapmeatinplasticwrap;separatedifferenttypesofmeattopreventcross-contamination;storeatpropertemperatureandunderoptimalconditions;andalwaysfollowsanitaryprocedures.REF:367

2. ANS:Thefederalgovernmentdoesnotrequirefishandshellfishinspections.Toensurefreshness,theFDArequiresthatallfoodserviceoperationsretaindatedshellstocktagsfor90days.Signsoffreshnessincludeslick,moistskin;firm,elasticflesh;clear,fulleyes;red-ormaroon-coloredgills;moist,fresh,flexible,fulltailandfins;andcleanaroma.REF:402

3. ANS:Forcemeatisusedinavarietyofpreparationsincludingquenelle,sausage,andterrine.Mousselineismadeofveal,poultry,orfish.Quenelleismousselinethathasbeenshapedintosmall,dumpling-shapedovalsandpoachedinarichstockorcourtbouillon.REF:417

Short Answer 1. ANS:yieldgrade

REF:353

2. ANS:FabricationREF:357

3. ANS:RetailREF:357

4. ANS:mousselineREF:418

5. ANS:MarblingREF:365

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Chapter 7Marketing

True/False 1. ANS:F

REF:458

2. ANS:TREF:486

3. ANS:FREF:436

4. ANS:TREF:450

5. ANS:TREF:436

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:B

REF:434

2. ANS:CREF:434

3. ANS:CREF:437

4. ANS:AREF:437

5. ANS:BREF:437

6. ANS:AREF:438

7. ANS:DREF:443

8. ANS:CREF:448

9. ANS:DREF:448

10. ANS:AREF:448

11. ANS:CREF:450

12. ANS:CREF:450

13. ANS:AREF:450

14. ANS:BREF:450

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15. ANS:AREF:450

16. ANS:DREF:451

17. ANS:CREF:451

18. ANS:DREF:451

19. ANS:AREF:452

20. ANS:CREF:453

21. ANS:AREF:457

22. ANS:CREF:457

23. ANS:CREF:457

24. ANS:BREF:438

25. ANS:DREF:460

26. ANS:DREF:461

27. ANS:BREF:463

28. ANS:CREF:471

29. ANS:BREF:472

30. ANS:CREF:472

31. ANS:AREF:458

32. ANS:BREF:472

33. ANS:BREF:473

34. ANS:BREF:473

35. ANS:DREF:473

36. ANS:DREF:483

37. ANS:CREF:484

38. ANS:CREF:487

39. ANS:DREF:489

40. ANS:DREF:489

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Chapter 7 | Marketing

127

Essay 1. ANS:Marketinginvolvesthecommunicationandplanningfortakingaproductor

servicetomarket.Thegoalofmarketingistodeterminetheneedsandwantsofconsumers,andtosatisfythem.Competitionintherestaurantandfoodserviceindustrymakesitnecessaryformanagerstousemarketingskillstoattractcustomers.REF:434

2. ANS:Marketsegmentationbreaksdownthepotentialmarketintosmallergroupsoflikeindividuals.Segmentthemarketinfourbasicways:

■■ Demographicsegmentation—InacommunitywithalotofyoungfamiliesyoumightwanttoopenafunplacelikeChuckE.Cheese.

■■ Geographicsegmentation—Knowingpeoplearriveattheplanttoworkveryearlyandliveatleast30milesawaymightmakearestaurantopenevenearlierforthebreakfastcrowd.

■■ Productusagesegmentation—Ifthetownhasafavoritesportsteam,youmighthavefootballnights.

■■ Lifestylesegmentation—Ifyouliveinatownwithalarge,youngpopulationyoumighthavemorequick-serviceorhealthyfoodoperations.

REF:450

3. ANS:Marketdemandisthenumberofpotentialcustomerswhohavethemoneyanddesiretopurchaseyourproductorservice.Saleshistoriesandforecastingaretwocommontoolsusedtodeterminemarketdemand.REF:447

Short Answer 1. ANS:Publicity

REF:461

2. ANS:pressreleaseREF:462

3. ANS:ProfitREF:483

4. ANS:MarketingREF:434

5. ANS:DemographicsREF:45

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Chapter 8Desserts and Baked Goods

True/False 1. ANS:F

REF:516

2. ANS:TREF:546

3. ANS:TREF:516

4. ANS:FREF:528

5. ANS:TREF:538

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:D

REF:504

2. ANS:BREF:506

3. ANS:BREF:505

4. ANS:DREF:505

5. ANS:AREF:506

6. ANS:DREF:505

7. ANS:CREF:506

8. ANS:CREF:506

9. ANS:CREF:507

10. ANS:CREF:514

11. ANS:BREF:514

12. ANS:CREF:516

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13. ANS:AREF:525

14. ANS:DREF:525

15. ANS:CREF:525

16. ANS:BREF:527

17. ANS:DREF:528

18. ANS:AREF:533

19. ANS:DREF:535

20. ANS:DREF:536

21. ANS:DREF:537

22. ANS:BREF:539

23. ANS:CREF:539

24. ANS:BREF:544

25. ANS:DREF:546

26. ANS:AREF:547

27. ANS:DREF:548

28. ANS:CREF:548

29. ANS:DREF:555

30. ANS:CREF:557

31. ANS:BREF:556

32. ANS:DREF:508

33. ANS:BREF:553

34. ANS:BREF:537

35. ANS:CREF:525

36. ANS:BREF:525

37. ANS:CREF:544

38. ANS:CREF:555

39. ANS:CREF:556

40. ANS:BREF:539

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Chapter 8 | Desserts

131

Essay 1. ANS:Yeastbreadsaredividedintotwocategories:leandoughsandrichdoughs.Lean

doughsaremadewithflour,yeast,andwater.Theytendtohaveachewytextureandcrispcrust.Richdoughsaremadewiththeadditionofshorteningortenderizingingredients,suchassugar,syrup,butter,eggs,milk,andcream.Richdoughshaveacake-liketextureafterbaking.REF:514

2. ANS:Droppedcookiesaremadefromasoftdoughanddroppedfromaspoonorscoopontothecookiesheet.Baggedcookiesaremadebyforcingsoftdoughthroughapastrybag.Rolledcookiesarecutfromastiffdoughthathasbeenrolledoutonabakingboard.Moldedcookiesaremoldedbyhandintoanyshapefromastiffdough.Iceboxcookiesaremadefromdoughthathasbeenrolledintologsandchilled,thenslicedjustbeforebaking.Barcookiesaremadebybakingthreeorfourbakingpan-lengthbarsandthenslicingthemintosmallbars.REF:539

3. ANS:Sherbetsandsorbetsarefrozenmixturesoffruitjuiceorfruitpurée.Sherbetcontainsmilkand/oreggsforcreaminess;sorbetcontainsnodairy,justfruitjuiceorpuréewithsweetenersandotherflavorsoradditives.Asarule,servesorbetasafirstcourse,asapalatecleanserbetweencourses,orasadessert.Servesherbetsasadessertitem.REF:553

Short Answer 1. ANS:bloom

REF:546

2. ANS:formulasREF:508

3. ANS:NibsREF:544

4. ANS:torteREF:555

5. ANS:coulisREF:555

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Chapter 9Sustainability in

the Restaurant and Foodservice Industry

True/False 1. ANS:T

REF:579

2. ANS:TREF:582

3. ANS:FREF:609

4. ANS:FREF:621

5. ANS:TREF:626

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:A

REF:575

2. ANS:AREF:575

3. ANS:BREF:575

4. ANS:AREF:575

5. ANS:DREF:575

6. ANS:CREF:577

7. ANS:BREF:577

8. ANS:BREF:586

9. ANS:CREF:588

10. ANS:DREF:588

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11. ANS:BREF:588

12. ANS:DREF:589

13. ANS:AREF:595

14. ANS:CREF:602

15. ANS:CREF:602

16. ANS:AREF:603

17. ANS:BREF:604

18. ANS:CREF:605

19. ANS:DREF:580

20. ANS:CREF:580

21. ANS:CREF:609

22. ANS:AREF:614

23. ANS:BREF:617

24. ANS:AREF:619

25. ANS:CREF:619

26. ANS:DREF:620

27. ANS:AREF:621

28. ANS:BREF:623

29. ANS:CREF:624

30. ANS:BREF:626

31. ANS:CREF:579

32. ANS:AREF:578

33. ANS:AREF:578

34. ANS:BREF:588

35. ANS:DREF:617

36. ANS:CREF:623

37. ANS:DREF:579

38. ANS:AREF:580

39. ANS:CREF:594

40. ANS:CREF:618

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Chapter 9 | Sustainability in the Restaurant and Foodservice Industry

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Essay 1. ANS:Waterconservationisimportantbecausedroughtsreducewaterlevelsand

manypartsoftheworldarealreadyexperiencingwatershortages.Withoutwater,cropsandanimalswilldie,whichlimitsthefoodsupplyandraisesprices;businessesandfarmsclose;brushfiresandduststormsincrease;andresidentsmaymoveoutofareas,thusoverpopulatingotherareas.REF:575

2. ANS:Restaurantandfoodserviceoperationscanreducebylimitingthegarbagetheymake.Theycandothisbyaccurateproductionforecasting,purchasingonlywhattheyhavestoragespacefor,andaskingsupplierstoreducetheirpackagingandshipping.REF:604

3. ANS:Turnoffthelightswhennotinuse,makesuredishwasherloadsarefull,powerdownidleequipment,sealoffunusedareas,reduceidletimes,cleanandmaintainequipmentregularly,andreplaceincandescentlighting.REF:590

Short Answer 1. ANS:Sustainability

REF:575

2. ANS:greenREF:594

3. ANS:recyclingREF:605

4. ANS:AquacultureREF:619

5. ANS:OpenREF:621

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Chapter 10Global Cuisine 1:

The AmericasTrue/False 1. ANS:T

REF:650

2. ANS:TREF:656

3. ANS:FREF:668

4. ANS:FREF:678

5. ANS:TREF:656

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:A

REF:639

2. ANS:DREF:639

3. ANS:DREF:640

4. ANS:BREF:642

5. ANS:BREF:643

6. ANS:AREF:643

7. ANS:BREF:645

8. ANS:BREF:646

9. ANS:AREF:646

10. ANS:AREF:647

11. ANS:CREF:647

12. ANS:DREF:648

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13. ANS:CREF:650

14. ANS:BREF:652

15. ANS:BREF:664

16. ANS:AREF:664

17. ANS:AREF:668

18. ANS:CREF:670

19. ANS:AREF:674

20. ANS:CREF:678

21. ANS:AREF:681

22. ANS:DREF:646

23. ANS:CREF:649

24. ANS:AREF:638

25. ANS:BREF:647

26. ANS:CREF:647

27. ANS:CREF:652

28. ANS:AREF:662

29. ANS:DREF:664

30. ANS:CREF:666

31. ANS:CREF:668

32. ANS:DREF:678

33. ANS:DREF:666

34. ANS:BREF:668

35. ANS:CREF:657

36. ANS:DREF:652

37. ANS:DREF:656

38. ANS:CREF:676

39. ANS:CREF:643

40. ANS:DREF:650

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Essay 1. ANS:SometimesreferredtoasAsianfusionorEuro-Pacific,PacificRimcuisinewas

createdintheearly1970swhenmanyeclecticstylesoffusioncuisinebecamepopular.PacificRimcuisineisinfluencedbymanydifferentcountriesborderingthePacificOcean.ItisastyleofcookingandpresentingfoodsthatcombinestheingredientsandtechniquesofAsianandWestCoastcuisines.PacificRimflavorsarebasedonseafood,sourdoughbread,andlocalfruitsandvegetables.REF:652–654

2. ANS:SouthwesternUnitedStatesflavorscomparedtoPacificCoastflavors:PacificCoastflavorsarebasedonseafood,sourdoughbread,andlocalfruitsandvegetables,whileSouthwesternflavorsarebasedonedibleplantsfoundinadesertregion,suchaspinenuts,cactusandpeppers.PacificCoastcuisineisinfluencedbyAsianfusionduetotheimpactofThaiandChineseimmigrantstothearea,whileSouthwesterncuisineisinfluencedbytheMexicanandAmericanIndiancultures.WhilebeefandporkarepopularintheSouthwestalongwithrabbit,deer,andwildturkey,inthePacificCoastregionseafoodisusedinabundance.Examplesofthesearesalmon,halibut,musselsandoysters.Otherstaplesofthedietincludepoultry,coconut,bananas,pineapple,andtropicalfruits.Thedifferencesinthetworegions’cuisinesaredueinparttotheinfluencesofothercultures,butalsototheclimate.ThePacificregionbenefitsfromrainfallandfertilesoilwhiletheSouthwestisaridanddry.REF:644,652

Short Answer 1. ANS:Creole

REF:646

2. ANS:TrinityREF:647

3. ANS:fusionREF:652

4. ANS:CurtidoREF:664

5. ANS:MoleREF:657

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3. ANS:Mexicancuisine,aswellasrelatedregionalcuisines,iscommonintheUnitedStatesbecauseofthelongborderwesharewithMexico.TheflavorprofileofMexicoisspicy,hot,andearthy,andtheseflavorshavejoinedthemainstreamoftheUnitedStates.ExamplesofMexicandishesincludeenchiladas,tacos,andtamales.AlthoughtheyarecookedandserveddifferentlyintheUnitedStates,theyarecommontoourcuisine.Tex-MexisanoffshootofMexicancuisineoriginatinginTexas,whileCal-MexoriginatedinCaliforniaasadirectinfluenceofMexicancuisine.REF:655–657

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141

Chapter 11Global Cuisine 2:

Europe, the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and AsiaTrue/False 1. ANS:F

REF:697

2. ANS:TREF:700

3. ANS:TREF:712

4. ANS:TREF:726

5. ANS:FREF:742

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:B

REF:697

2. ANS:AREF:698

3. ANS:DREF:698

4. ANS:BREF:698

5. ANS:CREF:699

6. ANS:AREF:699

7. ANS:AREF:701

8. ANS:BREF:701

9. ANS:AREF:701

10. ANS:AREF:704

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11. ANS:BREF:705

12. ANS:AREF:711

13. ANS:CREF:712

14. ANS:DREF:712

15. ANS:AREF:714

16. ANS:BREF:716

17. ANS:BREF:717

18. ANS:CREF:717

19. ANS:CREF:720

20. ANS:CREF:727

21. ANS:BREF:727

22. ANS:AREF:730

23. ANS:DREF:730

24. ANS:DREF:732

25. ANS:BREF:738

26. ANS:AREF:738

27. ANS:DREF:741

28. ANS:AREF:741

29. ANS:CREF:742

30. ANS:BREF:743

31. ANS:AREF:744

32. ANS:CREF:747

33. ANS:BREF:748

34. ANS:BREF:750

35. ANS:BREF:712

36. ANS:DREF:713

37. ANS:BREF:717

38. ANS:AREF:714

39. ANS:AREF:702

40. ANS:DREF:701

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Essay 1. ANS:InIndia,Hinduismpromotesvegetarianism.InChina,thecuisineisbasedon

theyinandyangphilosophyoftheTao,thebeliefthatasingleguidingprincipleorderstheuniverse.Foodsshouldnotbeforcedtobecomesomethingtheyarenotandshouldbekeptintheirmostnaturalandpurestates.Buddhism,inparticular,hasbeenafundamentalinfluenceonChineselifestylesandcuisine.Thisreligionemphasizesbalance,serenity,andpeace,whichhasledtotheriseofvegetarianismandthesimultaneousdevelopmentofanumberofinnovativemeatsubstitutes,especiallythosebasedonbeancurd.REF:738,747

2. ANS:Theweatherinfluenceswhatcanbegrown,whiletheterrainofthelandinfluenceswhereplantsandanimalscanberaised.Theavailabilityofwatergreatlyinfluenceswhattypeofplantwillgrow,suchasrice,whichneedsmuchwater.Thephilosophyofthelocalpeople(suchasTao,whichisthebeliefthatasingle,guidingprincipleorderstheuniverseandfoodsshouldnotbeforcedtobecomesomethingtheyarenot)alsohasanimpact.Thereligiousbeliefsofapeopleofteninfluencewhattheywilleat,suchasBuddhism,whereonedoesnoteatmeat.Theconqueringoflandsbypeoplefromotherregionsandcultures,andthefoodsandspicestheyintroducedtotheconqueredareaalsohadanimpactoncuisine.Otherinfluencesincludetransportationavailability,neighboringregions,andexplorationandtrade.REF:Various

Short Answer 1. ANS:Mandarin

REF:742

2. ANS:soysauceREF:742

3. ANS:tempuraREF:744

4. ANS:dumREF:749

5. ANS:KebobmeshwiREF:733

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3. ANS:Greeksalad—mainlytomatoeswithromainelettuce,garlic,fetacheese,Parmesancheese.Similartoourtossedsalad,justmoretomatoes.Hummus—puréedchickpeasseasonedwithlemonjuice,oliveoil,andsesameseedpaste.Similartoourranchdip.Moussaka—alayereddishoflamb,eggplant,béchamelsauce.Similartomeatloaf.Baklava—ahoney-sweetenedpastrymadeofphyllodoughandchoppednuts,similartoDanishwithoutthefruit.REF:716–718

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145

Final 1True/False 1. ANS:T

REF:17CH:1

2. ANS:FREF:57CH:1

3. ANS:TREF:100CH:2

4. ANS:TREF:117CH:2

5. ANS:TREF:170CH:3

6. ANS:TREF:151CH:3

7. ANS:FREF:248CH:4

8. ANS:FREF:235CH:4

9. ANS:TREF:314CH:5

10. ANS:FREF:329CH:5

11. ANS:TREF:355CH:6

12. ANS:TREF:365CH:6

13. ANS:TREF:462CH:7

14. ANS:TREF:486CH:7

15. ANS:FREF:528CH:8

16. ANS:TREF:553CH:8

17. ANS:FREF:609CH:9

18. ANS:TREF:601CH:9

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19. ANS:TREF:664CH:10

20. ANS:FREF:670CH:10

21. ANS:FREF:697CH:11

22. ANS:TREF:712CH:11

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:A

REF:17CH:1

2. ANS:CREF:25CH:1

3. ANS:CREF:57CH:1

4. ANS:DREF:55CH:1

5. ANS:AREF:28CH:1

6. ANS:AREF:25CH:1

7. ANS:DREF:58CH:1

8. ANS:DREF:84CH:2

9. ANS:CREF:90CH:2

10. ANS:AREF:94CH:2

11. ANS:BREF:101CH:2

12. ANS:DREF:87CH:2

13. ANS:DREF:95CH:2

14. ANS:BREF:100CH:2

15. ANS:CREF:106CH:2

16. ANS:DREF:153CH:3

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Final 1

147

17. ANS:DREF:156CH:3

18. ANS:AREF:205CH:3

19. ANS:AREF:201CH:3

20. ANS:BREF:178CH:3

21. ANS:DREF:220CH:4

22. ANS:CREF:222CH:4

23. ANS:DREF:235CH:4

24. ANS:AREF:238CH:4

25. ANS:CREF:246CH:4

26. ANS:CREF:252CH:4

27. ANS:DREF:225CH:4

28. ANS:AREF:291CH:5

29. ANS:CREF:326CH:5

30. ANS:AREF:316CH:5

31. ANS:DREF:300CH:5

32. ANS:DREF:314CH:5

33. ANS:AREF:315CH:5

34. ANS:CREF:353CH:6

35. ANS:CREF:417CH:6

36. ANS:CREF:387CH:6

37. ANS:CREF:403CH:6

38. ANS:AREF:402CH:6

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39. ANS:CREF:358CH:6

40. ANS:DREF:355CH:6

41. ANS:BREF:437CH:7

42. ANS:BREF:438

43. ANS:DREF:448CH:7

44. ANS:BREF:450CH:7

45. ANS:DREF:471CH:7

46. ANS:DREF:489CH:7

47. ANS:DREF:473CH:7

48. ANS:BREF:506CH:8

49. ANS:BREF:514CH:8

50. ANS:AREF:525CH:8

51. ANS:BREF:504CH:8

52. ANS:BREF:514CH:8

53. ANS:CREF:546CH:8

54. ANS:DREF:555CH:8

55. ANS:BREF:588CH:9

56. ANS:CREF:575CH:9

57. ANS:BREF:575CH:9

58. ANS:DREF:589CH:9

59. ANS:AREF:608CH:9

60. ANS:BREF:623

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Final 1

149

CH:9

61. ANS:DREF:652CH:10

62. ANS:CREF:668CH:10

63. ANS:BREF:662CH:10

64. ANS:CREF:648CH:10

65. ANS:DREF:647CH:10

66. ANS:BREF:646CH:10

67. ANS:A

REF:643CH:10

68. ANS:CREF:699CH:11

69. ANS:AREF:704CH:11

70. ANS:CREF:711CH:11

71. ANS:DREF:730CH:11

72. ANS:CREF:738CH:11

73. ANS:AREF:738CH:11

Short Answer: 1. ANS:pasteurized

REF:6CH:1

2. ANS:yolkREF:17CH:1

3. ANS:ShockingREF:24CH:1

4. ANS:caloriesREF:85CH:2

5. ANS:pesticidesREF:126CH:2

6. ANS:IronREF:95CH:2

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7. ANS:averagecheckREF:178CH:3

8. ANS:crewscheduleREF:191CH:3

9. ANS:CostREF:147CH:3

10. ANS:DessertREF:235CH:4

11. ANS:VinaigretteREF:244CH:4

12. ANS:MayonnaiseREF:248CH:4

13. ANS:BidsREF:300CH:5

14. ANS:productionREF:314CH:5

15. ANS:ParstockREF:315CH:5

16. ANS:YieldgradeREF:353CH:6

17. ANS:ForcemeatREF:417CH:6

18. ANS:OffalREF:359CH:6

19. ANS:CommunityrelationsREF:461CH:7

20. ANS:salesmixanalysisREF:486CH:7

21. ANS:CaliforniaREF:492CH:7

22. ANS:caramelizationREF:505CH:8

23. ANS:extractsREF:507CH:8

24. ANS:flourREF:508CH:8

25. ANS:greenREF:594CH:9

26. ANS:RepurposedfoodREF:602CH:9

27. ANS:localREF:614CH:9

28. ANS:GumboREF:647CH:10

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151

29. ANS:CaribbeanREF:668CH:10

30. ANS:CacaoREF:664CH:10

31. ANS:tagineREF:713CH:11

32. ANS:SzechwanHunanREF:741CH:11

33. ANS:PolowREF:730CH:11

Essay 1. ANS:TheUSDAassignstwogradesformosttypesofmeat—qualitygradeandyield

grade.Sometypesofmeatmaybeoneofthesegrades,andothertypesmayhaveboth.Qualitygrademeasurestheflavorcharacteristicsofmeatproducts.TheUSDAevaluatesmeatfortraitsthatindicateitstenderness,juiciness,andflavor.Qualitygradesforbeef,lamb,andvealcanincludeprime,choice,select,standard,commercial,utility,cutter,cull,orcanner.Unlikeothertypesofmeat,porkdoesnotreceiveaqualitygrade.AlthoughtheUSDAinspectsporkforwholesomeness,porkisgradedonlyforyieldandreceivesayieldgradestamp.Yieldgrademeasurestheproportionofedibleorusablemeatafterbeingtrimmedofbonesorfat.Youcangetyieldgradesforbeef,pork,andlambproducts.Thisishelpfulbecausethedifferencesintheamountoffatontheoutsideofthemeatcancausetheyieldofusableproducttovary.REF:353CH:6

2. ANS:Yeastbreadsaredividedintotwocategories—leandoughsandrichdoughs.Leandoughsaremadewithflour,yeast,water,andsalt.Theyhaveverylittleornosugarorfat.Breadsmadefromleandoughtendtohaveachewytextureandacrispcrust.Frenchbreadandhardrollsareexamplesofleandoughs.Richdoughsaremadewiththeadditionofshorteningortenderizingingredientssuchassugars,syrups,butter,eggs,milk,andcream.Introducingtheseingredientschangesthebread’soveralltexture,aswellasthewaythedoughishandled.Richdoughsshouldhaveacake-liketextureafterbaking.ParkerHouserolls,cloverleafrolls,softrolls,andDanishareexamplesofrichdoughs.REF:514CH:8

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3. ANS:Traditionally,Italianfoodhasbeencharacterizedasla cucina povera(thecuisineofpoverty)—simple,filling,anddeliciousdishesmadebyusingallingredientsascarefullyaspossible.Oliveoil,semolina,andtheextravagantuseofvegetablesdefinethiscuisine.Italiancookingmethodsincludebraising,boiling,roasting(eitheronaspitorinawood-burningoven),grilling,anddeep-frying.ThecomplexMoroccancuisineissweet,sour,andspicy.Rich,full-flavoredstews,steameddishes,androastspredominate.Moroccancookingmethodsfocusontagine, couscoussière,steaming,andspit-roasting.REF:712–713CH:11

4. ANS:■■ Purchasing:Anoperationmustbespendingwiselyandgettinggoodquality

productforcost.Establishingqualitystandardsisessentialinacquiringandproducingconsistent,top-qualityproduct.

■■ Receiving:Anoperationmustbesurethatitisgettingwhatit’spayingfor,bothinqualityandquantity,fromitsvendors.Managementorwell-trainedstaffneedtobeinchargeofreceivingtoensurequalitystandardsandaccuracyoforders.

■■ Storage:Properstorageofgoodsisessential.Storagefacilitiesmustbesafe,sanitary,andefficient.Operationsmustcontinuallymonitorfreezersandrefrigeratedstorageunitstomakesuretheyarerunningastheyshouldbe.Improperlystoredfoodwillbewasted,andwastedfoodincreasesfoodcosts.

■■ Issuing:Anefficientissuingsystem,alsoknownasinventorycontrol,allowsoperationstocontrolfoodcostsinanumberofways.Itkeepsarecordofwhatproductisbeingusedmostfrequently(thatis,what’sselling),anditalsohelpspreventpilfering.

■■ Preparation:Efficientfoodpreparationiscrucialtocontrollingfoodcosts.Allproductshouldbeusedtothefullest,sooperationsshouldhavedetailedspecificationsastoexactlyhoweveryfooditemshouldbepreparedforcooking.

■■ Cooking(production):Thewayinwhichfoodispreparedandportionedisobviouslyanimportantstageinthefoodflowprocess.Incorrectlycookedfoodgoestowaste,andincorrectlyportionedfoodalsoresultsinwaste,bothofwhichaddtofoodcosts.

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153

■■ Service(sale):Serviceisthefinalstageintheprocess,butnolessimportantthanthepreviousstages.Goodserviceiscrucialtomovingproductthatneedstobemoved,aswellascorrectlytakingorderssothatmistakesaren’tmadeinthekitchen.Anymistakesmadeattheservicelevelcanbothdirectlyandindirectlycontributetoincreasedfoodcosts.

REF:165–166CH:3

5. ANS:Thetwotypesofvitaminsarewater-solubleandfat-soluble.Water-solublevitaminsmixonlywithwater,andfat-solublevitaminsmixonlywithfat.

■■ Water-solublevitamins(vitaminsCandB)arefoundinfoodsuchasorangesandgrapefruit.Thebodyneedsthesevitaminsourceseveryday.Thesevitaminsarevulnerabletocookingandmaybedestroyedbyheatorwashedawaybysteamorwater.

■■ Fat-solublevitamins(vitaminsA,D,E,andK)arefoundinfoodcontainingfat.Theyarestoredintheliverandbodyfat.Thebodydrawsonthesestoredvitaminswhenneeded.

REF:94CH:2

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155

Final 2True/False 1. ANS:F

REF:25CH:1

2. ANS:TREF:16CH:1

3. ANS:TREF:100CH:2

4. ANS:TREF:88CH:2

5. ANS:TREF:168CH:3

6. ANS:FREF:148CH:3

7. ANS:TREF:244CH:4

8. ANS:FREF:244CH:4

9. ANS:TREF:334CH:5

10. ANS:TREF:326CH:5

11. ANS:FREF:360CH:6

12. ANS:TREF:381CH:6

13. ANS:TREF:450CH:7

14. ANS:FREF:483CH:7

15. ANS:TREF:524CH:8

16. ANS:TREF:533CH:8

17. ANS:FREF:575CH:9

18. ANS:TREF:595CH:9

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19. ANS:FREF:656CH:10

20. ANS:TREF:656CH:10

21. ANS:TREF:732CH:11

22. ANS:TREF:738CH:11

Multiple Choice 1. ANS:A

REF:19CH:1

2. ANS:BREF:17CH:1

3. ANS:CREF:16CH:1

4. ANS:AREF:14CH:1

5. ANS:DREF:25CH:1

6. ANS:DREF:25CH:1

7. ANS:AREF:54CH:1

8. ANS:DREF:90CH:2

9. ANS:CREF:91CH:2

10. ANS:DREF:92CH:2

11. ANS:AREF:93CH:2

12. ANS:CREF:27CH:2

13. ANS:DREF:113CH:2

14. ANS:AREF:88CH:2

15. ANS:CREF:100CH:2

16. ANS:AREF:153CH:3

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Final 2

157

17. ANS:AREF:147CH:3

18. ANS:BREF:167CH:3

19. ANS:DREF:148CH:3

20. ANS:AREF:202CH:3

21. ANS:CREF:220CH:4

22. ANS:AREF:221CH:4

23. ANS:AREF:235CH:4

24. ANS:BREF:237CH:4

25. ANS:DREF:244CH:4

26. ANS:BREF:235CH:4

27. ANS:CREF:258CH:4

28. ANS:CREF:316CH:5

29. ANS:DREF:291CH:5

30. ANS:DREF:300CH:5

31. ANS:DREF:310CH:5

32. ANS:CREF:318CH:5

33. ANS:DREF:326CH:5

34. ANS:BREF:358CH:6

35. ANS:DREF:399CH:6

36. ANS:DREF:397CH:6

37. ANS:AREF:396CH:6

38. ANS:CREF:371CH:6

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39. ANS:DREF:358CH:6

40. ANS:AREF:396CH:6

41. ANS:CREF:434CHL7

42. ANS:AREF:434CH:7

43. ANS:CREF:437CH:7

44. ANS:BREF:448CH:7

45. ANS:BREF:450CH:7

46. ANS:CREF:451CH:7

47. ANS:AREF:472CH:7

48. ANS:DREF:507CH:8

49. ANS:DREF:539CH:8

50. ANS:AREF:525CH:8

51. ANS:AREF:516CH:8

52. ANS:AREF:533CH:8

53. ANS:AREF:555CH:8

54. ANS:DREF:548CH:8

55. ANS:CREF:588CH:9

56. ANS:BREF:575

57. ANS:BREF:577CH:9

58. ANS:CREF:602CH:9

59. ANS:BREF:579CH:9

60. ANS:CREF:575CH:9

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61. ANS:CREF:650CH:10

62. ANS:DREF:649CH:10

63. ANS:BREF:652CH:10

64. ANS:AREF:646CH:10

65. ANS:DREF:664CH:10

66. ANS:AREF:681CH:10

67. ANS:AREF:674CH:10

68. ANS:AREF:699CH:11

69. ANS:AREF:712CH:11

70. ANS:DREF:717CH:11

71. ANS:CREF:740CH:11

72. ANS:AREF:702CH:11

73. ANS:AREF:741CH:11

Short Answer: 1. ANS:Pooled

REF:27CH:1

2. ANS:PizzaREF:54CH:1

3. ANS:TeaREF:56CH:1

4. ANS:phytochemicalsREF:84CH:2

5. ANS:organicREF:127CH:2

6. ANS:DietaryReferenceIntakesREF:99CH:2

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7. ANS:ContributionmarginREF:178CH:3

8. ANS:forecastREF:152CH:3

9. ANS:InventoryREF:167CH:3

10. ANS:intermezzoREF:235CH:4

11. ANS:stockoutREF:314CH:4

12. ANS:purchaseorderREF:316CH:4

13. ANS:creditmemoREF:328CH:5

14. ANS:cashpositionREF:289CH:5

15. ANS:HumidityREF:332CH:5

16. ANS:agingREF:356CH:6

17. ANS:FinfishREF:397CH:6

18. ANS:ShuckingREF:401CH:6

19. ANS:marketingREF:434CH:7

20. ANS:MassREF:450CH:7

21. ANS:DemographicsREF:450CH:7

22. ANS:BakingblindREF:535CH:8

23. ANS:temperingREF:547CH:8

24. ANS:curdleREF:555CH:8

25. ANS:fossilfuelsREF:586CH:9

26. ANS:RenewableenergysourcesREF:587CH:9

27. ANS:CompostingREF:609CH:9

28. ANS:shreddedREF:650CH:10

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29. ANS:MoleREF:657CH:10

30. ANS:pupusaREF:666CH:10

31. ANS:dumREF:749CH:11

32. ANS:TaoREF:738CH:11

33. ANS:semolinaREF:702CH:11

Essay 1. ANS:Thefatcontentofbuttermilkdependsonthetypeofmilkused,whilethefat

contentofevaporatedmilkisatlast6.5percentandthefatcontentofcondensedmilkisatleast8.5percent.Buttermilkismadeoffreshliquidmilkthathasbacteriaaddedtoittomakeitsour.Evaporatedmilkismadebyremoving60percentofthewater.Condensedmilkismadebyremoving60percentofthewaterfromwholemilkandaddingsugar.REF:8CH:1

2. ANS:Base:Thebaseofasaladisusuallyalayerofsaladgreensthatlinetheplateorbowlinwhichthesaladwillbeserved.Usesmallerleafygreens,cup-shapedBostonlettuce,oriceberglettuceleavestogiveheighttosaladsandformediblecontainers.Alsouseromaine,Belgianendive,andleaflettuceasasaladbase.

Body:Thebodyofthesaladconsistsofthemainingredients.Thebodycanbeamixtureofvegetables,suchaslettuce,tomatoes,carrots,etc.;meats,suchasturkeybreastorham;orcheesesandvariousfruits,suchasmandarinorangesorapples.Usemayonnaise-basedsalads,suchastunasaladorcrabmeatsalad,asasaladbodyplacedonabaseoflettuce.

Garnish:Garnishenhancesthesalad’sappearancewhilealsocomplementingitsoveralltaste.Agarnishshouldbesomethingthatwillbeeatenwiththebody,functioningasaflavorcomponent.Simplegarnishesarethebest.Forexample,mixshreddedcarrotorafinejulienneofredbellpepperwithsaladgreens,orlightlytossthemwithseasoningandthenplacethemontopofthegreens.

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Dressing:Saladdressingsareliquidsorsemiliquidsusedtoflavorsalads.Theyactasasaucethatholdsthesaladtogether.Dressingscanrangefrommayonnaiseforpotato-ormacaroni-basedsaladstovinaigrettesforlettuce-basedsalads.Sometimesdressingsarecalledcoldsaucesbecausetheirpurposeistoflavor,moisten,andenrichfoods.Usetartorsourdressingsforgreensaladsandvegetablesalads.Useslightlysweeteneddressingsforfruitsalads.Mixsomedressingswiththeingredientsaheadoftime,suchasfor“boundsalad.”Addsomedressingsatplatingandservicetobringanadditionalflavoraspecttothefinalproduct.REF:4CH:221–222

3. ANS:Thecontemporarymarketingmixhas3keyelements—theproduct-servicemix,thepresentationmix,andthecommunicationmix.Theproduct-servicemixconsistsofallofthefoodandservicesofferedtocustomers.Thepresentationmixconsistsofalltheelementsthatmaketheoperationlookunique,suchaslayout,colorscheme,furniture,uniforms,etc.Thecommunicationmixincludesallofthewaysanoperationactivelytriestoreach,orcommunicate,withitsdesiredcustomers,suchastelevision,radio,newspapers,flyers,orWebsites,oritsmenu,customersurveyrequests,andothercustomerfeedbackrequests.REF:436–437CH:7

4. ANS:Therearemanywaysinwhichtoconservewater,including:■■ Thawfoodinthecooler.■■ Soakandscrapefirst:Dirtycookwareanddishesshouldbeprecleanedby

scrapingorsoakingoffasmuchfoodaspossibleinstandingwater(ratherthanarunningflow).

■■ Keepwatertemperatureattherightlevel.■■ Loaddishwasherscorrectly:Makesureracksarefull(butnotstuffed)before

sendingthemthrough.■■ Repairleaksquickly.■■ Don’tautomaticallyservewater:Customerswhowouldliketohavewater

willrequestit.■■ Sweeptheoutsideareas:Don’tusewaterhosestocleansidewalksand

parkinglots.■■ Trainemployeestoconserve.

REF:578–579CH:9

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5. ANS:TraditionalNewEnglandrecipesarenothighlyseasoned.Theflavorsaredeepandrich,andtendtobemoremildthanspicy.Midwesterncuisineisgenerallyhearty,butlight-handedwithseasonings,preferringsage,dill,caraway,mustard,andparsleytoboldandspicyflavors.TheflavorprofilesoftheSouthernregionsvaryfromthehighlyflavored,spicyCajundishestothemoremildbutfull-flavoredcuisineofthetidewaterregion.Inallcases,theyarefreshflavorsthatspeakofthelocalingredients.TheSouthwestfavorssmokyandspicyflavors.AsianfusionflavorsrangefromsweetandsourtoblandduetotheinfluencesofThaiandChinesecuisines.TheThaiandChinesebelievethatfoodshouldbeservedinitsnaturalstate.AdditionalPacificCoastflavorsarebasedinseafood,sourdoughbread,andlocalfruitsandvegetables.REF:638,642,644,649,653CH:10

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