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7/28/2019 Level 2.3 CBT Course on Websphere Architecture and Deployment-Final
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Technology Practices GroupJava Competency Framework
"Incubate, Nurture and Deploy Technology Experts
Innovate, Build and Deliver Technology Solutions
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Document Details
Business Unit BFSI
Group Technology Practices Group
Practice Java Practice
Sub-Practices
Initiative Competency Framework
Competency Level 2.3 [Level 4]
Experience Level 2-3 years
Pre-Requisite Java, J2EE, Web App Server internals
Version 1.0
Author TPG Java Practice
Total number of slides 50
Duration of learning 3 days
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Revision History
Version
(x.yy)Date of
RevisionDescription of Change Reason for
ChangeAffected
SectionsApproved By
1.001.10
Sep 2007Dec 2008
Initial VersionContent Refresh Re-Format
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Objective
** Please read the objective of this content clearly **
This presentation is essentially to set the context oflearning on Websphere appl icat ion server arch itectu reand deploym ent. The content deals with the coverage(both depth and width applicable) forWebsphereappl icat ion s erver archi tecture and deploymentin aconcise format, providing an overview of the elements thatmakes up this 2.3 [Level 4].
While this content provides with a high levelunderstanding of the topic to the level of depth that isexpected at 2.3 [Level 4], it is highly recommended tohave a detailed in depth learning using the resourcesmentioned in the Additional Resources section.
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 : Introduction Chapter 2 : Compatibility matrix Chapter 3 : Capabilities & Integration Chapter 4 : Concepts, Planning & Design Chapter 5 : Key features since v7.0
Chapter 6 : Deployment Chapter 7 : Best practice Chapter 8: Typical Topology Chapter 9 : Server administration Chapter 10 : Other features
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Chapter 1 : Introduction
WebSphere is IBM's integration softwareplatform.
It includes the entire middleware
infrastructure -- such as servers, services,and tools--needed to write, run, and monitor24x7 industrial-strength, on demand Web
applications and cross-platform, cross-product solutions.
WebSphere provides reliable, flexible, and
robust integration software.
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Introduction (cont)
WebSphere Application Server is the base forthe infrastructure; everything else runs on topof it.
It supports SOA and non-SOA environments. WebSphere Process Server, which is based
on WebSphere Application Server, and
WebSphere Enterprise Service Bus, providethe foundation for service-oriented architected(SOA), modular applications.
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Introduction (cont)
Collectively, they support the use ofbusiness rules to drive applications thatsupport business processes.
High performance environments also useWebSphere Extended Deployment as partof their base infrastructure. Other
WebSphere products provide a widevariety of additional services, as describedbelow.
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Chapter 2: Compatibility matrix
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Chapter 3: Capabilities & Integration
You can use WebSphere to build andmonitor an infrastructure to support your ondemand business, and to build and extend
applications that run on that infrastructure.
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Capabilities & Integration (cont)
IBM providesextensive tools andfacilities, based on
industry openstandards such J2EEand Eclipse, to help
you build, run,manage, and optimizeyour WebSphereapplications.
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Chapter 4 : Concepts, Planning & Design
The majorconcepts of WebSphere are: Profiles
Stand-alone application servers
Nodes, node groups, and node agents
Cells
Deployment manager
Administrative agent
Job manager
Web Servers, Proxy Servers, Generic Servers
Business level applications
Centralized installation manager
Intelligent runtime provisioning
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Concepts, Planning & Design (cont)
A nodeis an administrative grouping ofapplication servers for configuration andoperational management within one
operating system instance. Each node has a node agentthat works
with the deployment manager to manage
administration processes. A node groupis a grouping of nodes
within a cell that have similar capabilities.
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Concepts, Planning & Design (cont)
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Concepts, Planning & Design (cont)
A cellis a grouping of nodes into a singleadministrative domain.
In the Base and Express configurations, a
cell contains one node and that nodecontains one server.
The following are the some design
consideration for WebSphere deployment: Scalability
Caching
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Concepts, Planning & Design (cont)
High Availability Load-balancing and fail-over
Disaster recovery
Security Application deployment
Servicability
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The server environments are classified as: Single cell configurations
Multiple cell configuration
Mixed node versions in a cell Flexible management.
Clusters A cluster is a collection of servers
managed together. Clusters behave as a single application server
entity to accomplish a job by parallel
processing.
Concepts, Planning & Design (cont)
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Chapter 5 : Key features since v7.0
Features added since WAS v7.0: Rational Application Developer Assembly &
Deploy v7.5
Rational Application Developer for WebSphereSoftware v7.5
Portlet application support enhancement
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) support
IBM Software Developer Kit (SDK) for Java 6support
Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) thin client
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Key features since v7.0 (cont)
Just in time deployment for EJB 3.0 module. WebSphere Business Level Application.
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Chapter 6 : Deployment
Recommendedtest
environment:
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Deployment (cont)
Following are items to consider when youplan for additional resources.
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Deployment (cont)
Basic deployment architecture
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Deployment (cont)
Basic deployment
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Deployment (cont)
Basic Deployment
Used in environment where
Down time is not critical
Typically used in Development/Testingenvironment
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Deployment (cont)
Network Deployment
Supports multiple server instances
Supports clustering
Failover can be handled ensuring availability
Complements Load balancing hence easyscalability
Centralized administration of multiple serverinstances in the cell
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Deployment (cont)
Network deployment architecture
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Deployment (cont)
Network deployment
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Deployment (cont)
Network Deployment usage Down time is critical
Typically in production environment
Allows the user to use the server even when anew version of the application is being rolled out
Application need to be scaled
Can distribute an application across
geographies to reduce the risk
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Chapter 7: Best practices
User load and High availability requirementscan be handled through
Vertical Scaling
Horizontal Scaling
Vertical scaling
Adding more hardware to the same machinefor efficient usage of system resources
Increasing number of server instances tohandle user requests
Represents a single point of failure
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Best practices (cont)
Horizontal scaling Preferred topology for High availability and load
balancing
Refers to addition of more systems
To distribute load
Ensuring high availability
Reduce single point of failure
Network deployment architecture isbeneficial in server administration andmonitoring of horizontally scaledapplication
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Best practices (cont)
In a Horizontal clustered environmentWebsphere deploys application to one nodeat a time in the cell before moving to nextnode
During such roll out, use of ripple start isadvised, this ensures server in a cell isrestarted automatically one after another
thus ensuring high availability. Care must be taken when ripple start is
used in a 2 server environment and theretry interval set.
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Chapter 8 : Typical Topology
CELL
Websphere
Websphere
Websphere
Websphere
SYSTEM1Loadbalancer
Webserver(example: apache)
Webserver(example: apache) SYSTEM2
DB
Backup
database
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Chapter 9 : Server administration
Basicand Networkservers can be administeredthrough
Commands
Shell scripts or batch files based on the OS Can only perform a subset of administration tasks
Admin Console
User Interface based server administration
JMX Using JMX (Java Management extension)
Custom built administration through a program
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Server administration (cont)
Configuration files
Configuration is stored in XML files, these filescan be modified for server administration
Scripting client
A command line interface for administration
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Server administration (cont)
Commands Server provides set of commands to start/stop/deploy/monitor
the server instance
startServer.sh server1
starts server1 instance
stopServer.shserver1
Stops server1 instance
startNode (stopNode) Starts a node
startManager (stopManager)
Starts deployment Manager
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Server administration (cont)
serverStatus Verifies server status to indicate whether server
is dead or alive
addNode, removeNode and syncNode
Used for node related operations
dumpNameSpace.sh
Dumps the JNDI tree.
Useful for debugging when an application is notable to recognize a resource configured in JNDIunder Cell/Node/server level
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Server administration (cont)
Key folders in a server installation $USER_INSTALL_ROOT/installedApps
File system location for a deployed .ear
$USER_INSTALL_ROOT/logs//
Log file location for a server
$WAS_HOME/bin
Location for the server scripts
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Server administration (cont)
Admin Console:Console Deployment Admin console is an
inbuilt web application In Network deployment
Admin console is hostedon deployment manager Console is accessible as
long as the deploymentmanager is running
In Stand alone, the
console runs inapplication server Admin console cannot
be accessed if theserver is stopped
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Server administration (cont)
Console Deployment: Have the deployable
ear ready
Logon to the adminconsole
ChooseApplications>>
Enterprise Applicationsfrom left menu
Choose installto installa new application
Select an ear path fromthe local folder.
Admin consoledeployment involvesuploading an ear to theserver using web basedconsole, hence earshould be picked fromthe local folder path
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Server administration (cont)
Console Deployment
Virtual hostconfigurationenables a systemto resemble
multiple hosts Virtual host are
created throughdifferent DNSname alias
Different
applications can behosted on differentvirtual hosts tomake use ofavailable resources
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Server administration (cont)
ConsoleDeployment
Choose clusterand servers fordeployment
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Server administration (cont)
ConsoleDeployment
Click on Savemaster configuration
updates the Cellconfiguration
Synchronizes allthe nodes in thecell
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Server administration (cont)
JMX based administration Java standard for administration
JMX includes:
MBean, which wraps around a manageableresource
Mbean server, registry to lookup Mbean
Protocol to connect to a MBeanServer
Client program can access MBeanServer usingSOAP or RMI-IIOP
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Server administration (cont)
In Basic deployment, administering clientdirectly connects to the server.
MBeans for all servers are visible through
Node agent MBeans across different nodes are visible at
Deployment manager level
Client program can get access to the serverthrough anAdminClientObject
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Server administration (cont)
Configuration files Configurations are stored in XML file
XML files are placed under$USER_INSTALL_ROOT/config directory
An change made to the configuration xml at thecell level updates the Node as well
Key configuration files
security.xml virtualhosts.xml
resources.xml
variables.xml
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Server administration (cont)
Each node has an correspondingsubdirectory and holds the configurationspecific to the Node
Deployed applications are placed underapplications directory
Each of the deployed application containsdeployment.xmlwith deployment
configuration details
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Server administration (cont)
Scripting Client Non graphical command line interface
Supports Jacl and Jython languages
Easy for automation of server administration in Interactive mode
Batch mode
Command mode
wsadmin acts as the core component ofscripting client.
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Chapter 10 : Other features
Apart from the regular J2EE services,some of the other services provided byWebsphere include:
Performance Monitoring Interface (PMI) PMI collects performance related data on runtime
Runtime data can be retrieved using JMX client
integrated Tivoli performance viewer
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Other features (cont)
Session sharing
A session can be shared between webapplications assembled with in an enterpriseapplication. In other words, if an EARcontains more than one web application(WAR), session attributes can be sharedbetween the WARs
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Additional Resources
SL # Topic Element Resource Location/Link Remarks
1 WebSphere introduction http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/ Chapter 1. Introduction
2Capabilities &integration
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/#dowith
Chapter 3. Capabilities &Integration
3Concepts, Planning &
Designhttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg247708.pdf Chapter 4: Concepts
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg247708.pdfhttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg247708.pdfhttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg247708.pdfhttp://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg247708.pdfhttp://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/newto/Recommended