Lets explore the ocean floor

Lets explore the ocean floor.

http://www.ivebeenthere.co.uk/places/netherlands-antilles/bonaire/gallery.jsp

http://www.illustrationsof.com/details/clipart/8850.html

Thermal Vents

http://www.nsf.gov/news/overviews/earth-environ/interact01.jsp

Review Plate TectonicsThere are three

different plate boundaries.

Transform boundaries

Convergent boundaries

Divergent boundaries

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tectonic_plate_boundaries.png

Plate TectonicsTransform Plate Boundary

This type of boundary is one where the two plates slide against each other in a sideways motion.

These boundaries between plates is referred to as transform boundaries. As two plates slide past one another, in a transform boundary, neither plate is added to at the boundary, nor destroyed. http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0047-transform-boundaries.php

http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0047-transform-boundaries.php

http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0047-transform-boundaries.php

Plate TectonicsConvergent Plate

BoundaryConverge is a large word that scientists use to describe two objects that come together.

In the case of plate tectonics, the two objects coming together are large plate-like pieces of the Earth’s crust. As these two plates push against each other, one is ultimately forced down beneath the other. http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0046-convergent-boundaries.php

http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0046-convergent-boundaries.php

Plate TectonicsDivergent Plate Boundaries

Diverge is a big word used by scientists to describe what happens when two objects move away from each other.

Thus, a divergent boundary is a boundary where two tectonic plates are moving away from one another. As we have already discussed, this most often takes place at ocean ridges. http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0045-divergent-boundaries.php

Where are thermal vents found?First discovered in 1977

In the Pacific and Atlantic oceans

Depth of 2,100 meters (7,000ft.)

Divergent Plate Boundaries

Convergent Plate BoundariesThat are not close to the shore.

http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/vents/vent-world.html

http://denali.gsfc.nasa.gov/dtam/data/ftp/gtam.gif

How it worksThe Earth's crust is moving apart, creating cracks and

crevices in the ocean floor.

http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/vents/index.html

How it worksSeawater seeps into

these openings and is heated by the molten rock, or magma, that lies beneath the Earth's crust.

As the water is heated, it rises and seeks a path back out into the ocean through an opening.

It spouts a column of water heated by volcanic rock .

Why does it not boil?

The water coming out of the vents may be as hot as 400°C (750°F).

In the deep part of the ocean it is extremely cold and is only a few degrees above freezing.

http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/temp.html&edu=high

SmokestacksWhen the super-hot vent water meets the

surrounding deep cold ocean water, the dissolved metals become particles and they form the smokestacks.

bioinfo.bact.wisc.edu/.../Intro.html

Black SmokerAre the hottest vents

They spew iron and sulfide

White smokersThe water released is cooler than the Black smokers.

Contains Barium Calcium Silicon

http://www.answers.com/topic/hydrothermal-vent

Life around the vents .TubewormsAnemonesClamsSpider crabs

http://www.onr.navhttp://usasearch.gov/search?v%3aproject=firstgov-images&v%3afile=viv_1101%4031%3amXS9tN&v%3aframe=list&v%3astate=root%7cN298&id=N298&action=list&y.mil/focus/ocean/habitats/vents.htm

Tubeworms in the Pacific Ocean

Spider crab

A string of clams winds across a vent http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/abyss/life/extremes.html

Deep-sea anemone clings to lava outcrop http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/abyss/life/extremes.html

Activity First lets make our own ocean water.

Need salt (lots of salt)

Need ice (lots of ice)

Mix

www.geekalerts.com

http://pushthefuture.wordpress.com

www.flickr.com

ActivityGet into groups of 4

One person in the group come up and get the materials

Lets Explore!

www.allposters.com.au

http://chemeng.ugm.ac.id/personalpages/index.php?menu=member_photo&profile=1&view=filmstrip&photo=6

Questions?

http://clientcarecards.com/category.php?category_id=1