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Lethal Dose. Toxicity. Chem Catalyst. Which substance do you think is most toxic? Alcohol (ethanol, C 2 H 6 O 3 ) Aspirin (salicylic acid, C 7 H 6 O 3 ) Arsenic (III) oxide (As 2 O 3 ). Lethal Dose. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Lethal DoseToxicity
Chem Catalyst
Which substance do you think is most toxic?
•Alcohol (ethanol, C2H6O3)
•Aspirin (salicylic acid, C7H6O3)
•Arsenic (III) oxide (As2O3)
Lethal Dose
• Lethal Dose: LD50 is the amount of an ingested substance that kills 50% of a test sample of an animal (usually lab rats)
Converting LD50
• But how do we translate the lethal dose for a lab rat to the lethal dose for a human??
• Using the rat data, scientists translate this to a lethal dose per kilogram of body weight.
?
Let’s Try: Aspirin
1.If the LD50 for aspirin is 200mg/kg, based on testing with lab rats, what is the calculated lethal dose for a 132 lb. (60 kg) adult?
2.Answer: 12,000 mg.
Alcohol
1.If the LD50 for alcohol is 7,060 mg/kg in rats, what is the calculated lethal dose for a 60 kg adult?
2.Answer: 423,600 mg
Alcohol Poisoning
• About 50,000 cases of alcohol poisoning are reported per year in the US.
• An estimated 4,000 of those cases resulted in death.
Arsenic
1.If the LD50 of arsenic is 15mg/kg in rag, what is the calculated lethal dose for our 60 kg person?
2.Answer: 900 mg.
Different toxic substances have different lethal doses
• Aspirin: 12,000 mg
• Alcohol: 423,600 mg
• Arsenic: 900 mg
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