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The MidtermThe Midterm One essay (out of two); 50 minutes. Bring a blue book, writing utensil, and
your text books. This is a test of your critical thinking skills,
not your ability to memorize minutiae. Themes: The role of the environment in
state formation, the development of social hierarchy, and the process of centralization. Hint: Try to organize your information into
periods (rather than by dates), and look at the differences between these periods, as well as between geographical locations.
One essay (out of two); 50 minutes. Bring a blue book, writing utensil, and
your text books. This is a test of your critical thinking skills,
not your ability to memorize minutiae. Themes: The role of the environment in
state formation, the development of social hierarchy, and the process of centralization. Hint: Try to organize your information into
periods (rather than by dates), and look at the differences between these periods, as well as between geographical locations.
HISTORY 26
Lecture Eleven:
The Old Babylonian Period
(c. 1800 - 1600 BC)
HISTORY 26
Lecture Eleven:
The Old Babylonian Period
(c. 1800 - 1600 BC)
Third Dynasty of Ur, or Ur III(2112 - 2004 BC)
Third Dynasty of Ur, or Ur III(2112 - 2004 BC)
Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)
Ibbi-Sin
Ishbi-Erra of Isin
Expulsion of Elam
Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)
Isin and Larsa
Babylon
Eshnunna
Elam
Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)Babylonia (2004 - 1792 BC)
Centralizing Tendencies• Nippur (Enlil) remained the religious
capital; possession conferred the title ‘King of Sumer and Akkad’
• The high priestess of Ur, wife to Nanna
• A shared belief in a single kingship for all of southern Mesopotamia
Centralizing Tendencies• Nippur (Enlil) remained the religious
capital; possession conferred the title ‘King of Sumer and Akkad’
• The high priestess of Ur, wife to Nanna
• A shared belief in a single kingship for all of southern Mesopotamia
The Rise of Babylon (1792 - 1761 BC)
The Rise of Babylon (1792 - 1761 BC)
• Hammurabi’s main rivals:• Rim-Sin of Larsa• Shamshi-Adad• Eshnunna• Elam
• “The king who made the four quarters of the earth obedient”
• Marduk is integrated into the Sumerian pantheon at Nippur, as the son of Ea (Eridu)
• Hammurabi’s main rivals:• Rim-Sin of Larsa• Shamshi-Adad• Eshnunna• Elam
• “The king who made the four quarters of the earth obedient”
• Marduk is integrated into the Sumerian pantheon at Nippur, as the son of Ea (Eridu)
Hammurabi’s BabylonHammurabi’s Babylon
Hammurabi and His Law Code
Hammurabi and His Law Code
• King as shepherd and farmer
• A source of legal authority and an upholder of justice
• King as shepherd and farmer
• A source of legal authority and an upholder of justice
The Scribal TraditionThe Scribal Tradition• A number of clay tablets have survived
from this period that are school exercises of young men studying to be scribes
• Mathematics, surveying, music, and literature (myths, hymns, and proverbs)
• Sumerian and Akkadian• The royal court was an important patron
of scribes• Many compositions glorify the king and his
distant ancestors, portraying them in superhuman and semi-divine terms
• A number of clay tablets have survived from this period that are school exercises of young men studying to be scribes
• Mathematics, surveying, music, and literature (myths, hymns, and proverbs)
• Sumerian and Akkadian• The royal court was an important patron
of scribes• Many compositions glorify the king and his
distant ancestors, portraying them in superhuman and semi-divine terms
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
• Samsuiluna and the rebellion of southern Babylonia• Northern Babylonia continued to flourish
for the next 155 years
• Hattusili establishes the Old Hittite Kingdom, with its capital at Hattusa
• Mursili sacks both Aleppo (Yamkhad) and Babylon, but is assassinated
• Samsuiluna and the rebellion of southern Babylonia• Northern Babylonia continued to flourish
for the next 155 years
• Hattusili establishes the Old Hittite Kingdom, with its capital at Hattusa
• Mursili sacks both Aleppo (Yamkhad) and Babylon, but is assassinated
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
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