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The Estates at Crystal FallsGrand Mesa
The Bluffs
The Fairways
LANDSCAPEESIGN MANUALD
Prepared by
Hall-Bargainer, Inc.landscape architects & planners
Table of ContentsIntroduction
Governance
The Crystal Falls Vision
Terms and Defi nitions
General Landscape Design Criteria Natural Landscape Design Screening Shade Views Erosion Control Planting Fencing / Walls Deer Fencing Retaining Walls Address Monumentation Walkways and Front Patios Watering Yard Art Roadway Easements/Bar Ditches Maintenance Landscape Design Approaches
Traditional Approach Xeriscape Approach Natural Approach
Appendix A
Approved Plant List Legend Large Trees Small Trees / Large Shrubs Shrubs Vines, Groundcovers Ornamental Grasses Flowering Perennials Prohibited Plant List
Appendix B
1 Limestone Column - detail 2 Wrought Iron Section - detail 3 Wrought Iron Fencing with Limestone Column - detail
Introduction
This publication is intended as an information resource for Owners of Crystal Falls homesites and their landscape contractors and consultants. It is a critical component of the development of a homesite within the Crystal Falls residential community.
This book focuses on the physical and environmental elements of design that support the Crystal Falls Vision. It addresses the landscape elements that will offer contributions to, and support of, the overall vision of the Crystal Falls community. Furthermore, the Landscape Design Manual should be viewed by individual Owners as their dedication and agreement to preserve the unique environment of Crystal Falls over time.
The requirements included herein, combined with the governing structure for Crystal Falls, as set forth in the applicable CC&Rs, present a vision for the evolution and development of Crystal Falls. This vision, properly applied to all residential improvements within Crystal Falls, is guided by mechanisms for comprehensive design control and governance that extend well beyond the more typical practices of the past.
The text and illustrations describe the visual and environmental goals as well as the procedures required when planning a home at Crystal Falls. Included in these goals and procedures are the minimum acceptable levels of landscape design, and construction.
Crystal Falls is equally concerned with both precluding inappropriate design and development and encouraging the creative input and diversity of ideas from Owners and their consultants in the design and construction of homes within Crystal Falls. Successful implementation of these objectives will create and maintain the fi nest overall manifestation of the Crystal Falls Vision.
Governance
All issues relating to design must be in accordance with the procedures set forth in this document, the applicable Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CC&R’s) and the fi nal recorded plat. The Landscape Design Manual promotes quality design and establishes design standards, and improvement requirements, for all homesite construction and is applicable to homesites only. These improvement requirements do not apply to other uses proposed at Crystal Falls.
The Board of Directors of the Crystal Falls Homeowners Association Inc. (CFHOA) manages the relationships between and among the property Owners and the various entities in accordance with the Crystal Falls CC&Rs. It is the responsibility of the property owners, consultants, and their contractors to read and be familiar with the entire contents of the Landscape Design Manual. Furthermore, those portions of the CC&Rs pertaining to construction projects and other applicable related documents should be read prior to beginning any planning or design work. The Architectural Control Committee is responsible for inspection of all homesite landscapes.
Items listed in this document as mandated or required must be complied with or a variance must be obtained from the CFHOA to deviate. Items listed as recommended or suggested are optional yet are based on the desire to have continuity in the community or has been proven to be the most effective methodology in a particular situation.
It is required that all landscape improvements begin within 30 days of move in and be subsequently completed within 60 days of beginning. Thereafter, any subsequent landscape projects initiated by the owner must be completed within 60 days of beginning. Staging of materials for landscape projects is not allowed within any public or private roadway or drainage areas.
Interpretation of this document is at the discretion of the governing Architectural Control Committee.
1
The Crystal Falls Vision
Crystal Falls is the natural alternative to subdivisions. A unique landscape in that it is one of the last remaining untouched Texas hill country environs in close proximity to a major metropolitan area. Every effort has been made to tread lightly on the land and retain magnifi cent views of the hillsides. It is in the interest of the homeowners to retain the character and beauty of this area. When integrating the built environment into this magnifi cent hill country environment, it is a diffi cult challenge to design the landscape to appear untouched. The motivation to retain the natural look and feel of this area spawned these landscape guidelines. These guidelines should ensure a fairly uniform planting treatment from estate to estate extending across property lines through the right of way to the edge of the pavement. The intent and hopefully the end result will be to create a consistent and uniform landscape that compliments, not fi ghts the native hill country terrain.
Crystal Falls was once the site of the Whitestone Limestone Quarry. In fact, the remains of the quarry offi ce still stand at the entrance to Grand Mesa at Crystal Falls. When the quarry was abandoned decades ago, a mosaic of huge limestone fragments were left to naturally weather in the elements. The developers are making every attempt to artfully “recycle” thousands of these native rocks in high impact areas throughout the Master Plan. Homeowners are encouraged to help creatively amplify the “Old Quarry” theme in their landscape plan with boulders, dry-stack entries, address monumentation and retaining walls.
2
Terms & Defi nitions
ACCArchitectural Control Committee
BAR DITCHDrainage channel parallel to the roadway with gentle sloping sides formed by the construction of the road.
BERMHigh quality, select imported backfi ll shall be reasonably free from clay lumps, coarse sands, stones, roots, and other foreign matter. There shall be no toxic amounts of acid or alkaline elements. Slopes shall be gentle sloping with a maximum slope of 1’ of rise for every 3’ of distance and have a rounded top. No exposed soil is to be visible.
BULL ROCK/RUBBLE ROCKLarger rock utilized in a landscape enmass so to prevent erosion or create an intermittent stream effect in the landscape. Rock varies in size from 3”x5” - 6”x 8” in length x width. Some rocks tend to be round river bottom rock and some tend to be more angular in nature. Choose one or the other for your application, and be consistent. Smaller rock that can be washed out of any area in any drainage way during periods of high water cannot be used under any circumstances. Weeds within these areas are not allowed and can be eliminated with a herbicide such as Roundup or by using fi lter fabric beneath the stones as a preventative measure.
CC&RCovenants, Conditions and Restrictions is a legal document running with the land as a deed restriction referencing the improvement requirements that govern all residential design activity, among other things, within Crystal Falls. If any discrepancy between the CC&R’s and this document occur, CC&R’s shall rule.
CLEAR CUTTo cut down or strip the site of all tree cover. An unsightly practice which leads to excessive runoff and soil erosion.
DRIP LINEThe area under a tree defi ned by the tree canopy. An imaginary line on the ground encircling the tree that is directly beneath the outermost portion of the tree canopy
EARTH TONEColors found to be of the earth. No primary colors. Natural greens, beiges, tans, warm greys, neutral colors, browns, brownish reds, etc.
FILTER FABRICA permeable fabric constructed exclusively of synthetic thermoplastic fi bers that is mildew resistant, rot proof and is satisfactory for use in a wet soil and aggregate environment. The fabric shall contain ultraviolet stabilizers and shall have non-raveling edges.
FINAL RECORDED PLATDocument recorded and approved by the appropriate county where the property is located. This document may have specifi c requirements associated with individual lots in the subdivision.
FOUNDATIONExposed concrete at the base of a house.
3
HYDROMULCHAn application of lawn/turf seed in conjunction with a tackifi er agent so to prevent runoff of seed and establish turf growth. Apply a uniform coat. Material shall be from the Approved Plant List.
INDIGENOUSOriginating and living or occurring naturally in the hill country environment.
LANDSCAPE IMPROVEMENTSConsists of but is not limited to the installation of plant material, beds, turf and irrigation systems.
MOVE INThe date that the house is owner occupied.
MULCHShall consist of shredded hardwood bark mixture such that when installed will form a mat resistant to erosion. Mulch is to be partially decomposed and shall be free of sticks, stones, clay or other foreign materials. Minimum depth required is no less than 3”.
NATURALThat which exists in its natural state. Not altered, treated, or disguised.
RAVINEA deep narrow valley or gorge in the earth’s surface worn by running water. Under no circumstances shall a ravine be clear cut.
ROADSIDE DRAINAGE AREAThe area between the edge of pavement fi fteen (15) feet into the property and parallel to the roadway.
SCREENINGObstructing from the view of a person standing at ground level on the fronting street by an architectural or landscape feature. Plant materials used to accomplish this should be effective at initial planting and not on assumed growth.
SHOVEL-CUT EDGEEdge cut by a shovel to a depth of at least 3” to get below the plant material root zone and fi lled with mulch above edge. This is used where planting beds adjoin turf.
STEEL EDGELandscape steel edging to be used as a barrier between lawn and planting bed. Must be installed so the top of the edging is level with lawns soil grade (not exposed on turf side) and three (3) inches of mulch level with the top of the edging on the bed side.
TOPSOILImported topsoil of loamy character, high in humus and organic content from local agricultural source. Topsoil to be reasonably free from clay lumps, coarse sands, stones, roots, and other foreign matter. There shall be no toxic amounts of acid or alkaline elements. Red or Orange “sandy loam” will not be acceptable.
TREE CANOPYThe outer extent of a trees branches and leaves.
TURF/LAWNAll seed used shall be high quality, treated lawn type seed at 98% purity and 85% germination. Lawn seed to be free of weed or noxious grass seeds. Material shall be from the Approved Plant List.
4
UTILITY APPURTENANCEAny equipment, piping, wiring, etc. that protrudes above ground level associated with electric, water, telephone, cable, wastewater, irrigation, air conditioning or swimming pool mechanics.
WEEDA plant considered undesirable, unattractive, or troublesome, especially one growing where it was not intentionally planted. Refer to “Prohibited Plant List”.
LANDSCAPE ZONESSpecifi c treatment of landscape areas with clear delineation from other areas.
5
General Landscape Design Criteria
The following are general design requirements applicable to all Crystal Falls’ individual homesites located in Grand Mesa, The Bluffs, and The Fairways regarding the initial planting, hardscaping, watering and maintenance of their outdoor environment. The functional uses of plant materials should be adhered to while providing a natural curvilinear landscape that will blend into the existing terrain. These include:
Natural Landscape DesignHomeowners shall strive to avoid abrupt or straight lines in the landscaped areas. Homeowners should use curvilinear lines to create a natural look which mimics nature.
natural, curvilinear design
ScreeningOwner must screen all above ground utility appurtenances and excessively exposed foundations from public view. Screening for this can be a combination of rock and plant materials. Plants should be 2’ high minimum at the time of planting with full screening to occur within 2 years of planting installation. Screening for HVAC & pool mechanicals and trash cans can also include a masonry wall. Excessively exposed foundations must be screened from public view with plant materials. If septic tanks or fi elds are 12” above existing grade, landscaping with plants and/or limestone retaining walls must surround, naturalize and screen the grade separation from public view. A full stand of sod should remain above the system at all times. Landscape berms are an acceptable method of screening, but must be done in conjunction with either the planting technique and/or masonry wall technique.
good foundation screening
6
poor foundation screening
good utility screening
poor utility screening
ShadeOn southern and western exposures, large shade trees should be planted or maintained to provide shade for the house.
ViewsPlant materials should be used to enhance views of the countryside and hide or buffer unsightly views. Homeowners must not obstruct views of the front door from the street.
7
Erosion ControlIn areas where slopes are moderate to extreme, existing plants should not be removed and the area should be left natural to maintain soil stability. If necessary, the homeowner should provide new plants to minimize further erosion. All plant types from trees to groundcover should be used to provide the root system needed to prevent erosion. Interestingly enough, existing cedar trees, where allowed, do function to stabilize existing soils and minimize erosion of the landscape in these areas. It is required that no soil erosion is allowed to run off on to adjacent property or into the bar ditches.
PlantingAll planting must begin with good soil preparation. Additional topsoil should be brought in and tilled into the existing soil before planting, except where slopes should be retained. This will go a long way in ensuring a long lasting and low watering landscape.
Turf/Lawn Areas - All turf/lawn areas must receive a minimum of two (2) inches of evenly spread topsoil and leveled smooth free of pockets, debris, and rock prior to receiving solid sod or hydroseed applications. Care needs to be taken to apply hydroseed quickly after soil placement to prevent erosion. No lawn/turf areas shall be broadcast seeded. All turf/lawn areas are to be maintained on a regular basis, refer to section on Maintenance. All plant material must be selected from the Approved Plant List. The edges of the lawn/turf areas are to be curvilinear or naturally sweeping in form and not “straight” or rectilinear, unless abutting the street, sidewalk, driveway or any other built element that prohibits the opportunity to be curvilinear or naturally sweeping. Good curvilinear design mimics nature.
Cedar Trees - All existing cedar trees in the front yards (or side yards adjacent to streets) less than 12’ in height are discouraged but will be allowed if they are the only foliage, provided it doesn’t cover the front elevation of the home. The remaining cedar trees in these locations greater than 12’ shall be pruned up to a clear trunk height of no less than 6’. Removal is prohibited and pruning is not required if they exist within a ravine. Under no circumstances are ravines to be clear cut and no trees over 12’ in height in ravines may ever be removed.
good cedar tree pruning
8
poor cedar tree pruning
Mulch/Bed Areas - All newly installed planting beds must be mulched to retain moisture and maintain a tidy appearance. Plenty of mulch will aid in the retention of water and will provide more nutrients to fi lter down into the soil. Under existing tree stands mulching and/or groundcover should be added if the underlying native vegetation is removed. No impervious fabric is allowed in any planting areas. Filter fabric as defi ned can be used to control weeds. All beds adjoining lawn/turf areas, either planting or mulch, shall be in a naturally sweeping or curvilinear manner, so to refl ect and enhance the community’s natural beauty of the hill country.
Edging - All beds are required to be edged with either limestone, a clean shovel-cut edge, pour-in-place concrete or steel edging.
landscape edging options
Fencing/WallsIn the interest of protecting viewscapes and encouraging a uniformity of height and materials, any fencing desired by owners must be of non solid see-through steel pickets, commonly called wrought iron. All steel picket fences shall be black. Steel picket fences shall be either 4’, 5’ or 6’ in height. Native stone columns are encouraged as an accent to the steel picket fencing. No materials (i.e. screening, wire mesh) shall be attached to the steel picket fence. Please refer to the “Fencing and Walls” section of your Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions for more detail on all approved materials. Fence construction specifi cations are included in this document. (Refer to Appendix B)
For the purpose of containing domestic household pets, the “Invisible Fence” electronic system product is a good and recommended alternative. Black vinyl chain link fencing is permissible as perimeter or interior lot fencing provided that it is used only for side and rear lot locations, and shall not extend beyond the front of any residence. Chain link fencing is not allowed on any front/street facing location unless approved by the Architectural Control Committee.
Walls may be built in some situations with specifi c ACC approval provided that they are of limestone or approved natural rock and do not obstruct views in any manner. Limestone columns may also be used in combination with three (3”) inch limestone cap, and will not exceed fi fty (50”) inches on center.
9
If screening or buffering is desired for privacy in the rear yard, plant material can be utilized in combination with the fencing to achieve the desired effect. Plants that are effective for screening include Esperanza, Glossy Abelia, Burford Holly, Oleander, Pampas Grass, Primrose Jasmine, and Southern Wax Myrtle.
Deer FencingDeterring deer from browsing on appetizing forage is a futile battle that cannot be won. It is worthy to note that the animals were here long before we were, will continue to be here and are part of the charm of being in the hill country.
Any fencing for the sole purpose of deterring deer and other wildlife from browsing on plant material is discouraged and can only be used until the plant is established, using black vinyl covered wire or black deer netting and matching black posts. Some examples of prohibited fencing include T-post, chicken wire, cattle panels, bull wire, and vinyl web fencing. Deer fencing is subject to interpretation by the governing ACC. The strongest recommendation for control and protection of the landscape is to consider more resistant plants, reference the Master Plant List section of this document. It is also worthy to note that other devices exist to deter deer, such as extreme high pitch devices not audible by humans, however other pets will experience the sound. Under no circumstances will any device be allowed that is a nuisance to the community.
prohibited and unsightly fencing
Retaining WallsRetaining walls visible from the street shall be constructed in dry-stack or mortared limestone or of masonry similar in character to the house. Retaining walls faced in limestone are required at any driveway slope cuts which results in slopes steeper than 1:3 gradient. Owner shall refer to their applicable CC&Rs.
Address Monumentation (Address Numbering Identifi cation)It is required that homeowners have a visible address identifi cation on their property. If the owner’s home is readily visible from the private streets, the address identifi cation may be professionally mounted to the residence. It is, however, recommended that etched rock or milled masonry material be utilized in the landscape to readily identify the address. Approved materials for numbers are metal, iron, steel, brass, ceramic tile or etched masonry. Under no circumstances are adhesive backed numbers or plastic letters allowed as an application for identifying the address. It is preferred that homeowners consider address identifi cation which can be decoratively applied to masonry or natural rocks placed creatively into the front yard landscaping facing the roadway or street.
10
preferred address monuments and keystones
Walkways and Front PatiosStone, concrete or decomposed crushed granite will be acceptable for walkways or patios. Brick pavers are also allowed, but only in earth tone colors. No overtly bright primary colors will be allowed, so as to compliment the colors of the landscape and not detract from them.
WateringIt is highly recommended that all turf/lawn and shrub bed areas have an underground irrigation system installed prior to installing the new landscape. Irrigation systems generally are more effi cient and conserve water. Mulch only beds and natural areas are not recommended to be irrigated.
Yard ArtNo homeowner shall be allowed to place or maintain excessive amounts of freestanding outstanding structures of an artistic nature that are visible from any street. Typical yard art includes but is not limited to: statues, concrete birdbaths, fountains, windmills, animal fi gures or abstract man-made sculptures. Artistic use of native rocks found on-site is encouraged. Appropriate uses for native rock include tree wells, dry-stack berms, retaining walls and rock walkways.
Roadway Easements/Bar DitchesTo retain the character and beauty of the Hill Country, each homesite will provide a similar landscape in the front section of their property between the edge of the roadway and 15 feet towards the house. In subdivisions with acreage estates that have extensive road frontage per home site, the uniformity of the roadway right of way landscaping is crucial.
11
“Bluffs or Fairways”Homeowners within The Bluffs or The Fairways shall have two options for addressing their roadway easement. However, should slopes along the bar ditch and parallel to the roadway exceed 10% gradient, the homeowner must install the Bull Rock/Rubble Rock option along that section.
These options are as follows:
• Solid Sod:Homeowner must install solid sod Zoysia*, to the roadway for the entire length of the road frontage adjoining their lot for a minimum of 15’ from the pavement. Solid sod is required to cover the entire extension of the property along the roadway. This sodded bar ditch shall remain mowed, weeded and maintained throughout the year. It is encouraged to take the sod beyond the easement line on into the yard with curvilinear edges. *(‘Jammur’ Zoysia is common and recommended, common Bermuda can be used as an alternative.)
good solid sod bar ditch treatment
poor bar ditch treatment
12
• Bull Rock/Rubble Rock:Homeowner must install permanent “rubble-rock” or “bull rock” in all the non-paved roadway easements and bar ditches. The fi nished fl owline of the rock must match that of the original fl owline of the bar ditch swale requiring excavation prior to installation. Rock must be installed over fi lter fabric to impede weed growth. Homeowners are required to maintain the rock free from weedy plant growth, trash and debris and to maintain the fl ow capability of the bar ditch. Interpretation of maintenance violations within the bar ditch or roadway easement is at the sole discretion of the governing ACC. The rubble rock must also be fl ush with the poured concrete driveway elevation so that water fl ows effortlessly across any drive and does not back up water or retain silt.
good bar ditch treatment poor bar ditch treatment
13
“Grand Mesa”Homeowners within Grand Mesa, with lots smaller than 2 acres, shall have two options for addressing their right of way. These are as follows:
• Solid Sod: (more appropriate for fl atter lots)(reference description and photos on page 13)
• Bull Rock/Rubble Rock: (more appropriate for lots on hilly terrain)(reference description and photos on page 14)
Homeowners within Grand Mesa, with lots 2 acres or larger have a third option:
• Natural Grasses:When done correctly, this option will eliminate the need for mowing and be generally maintenance free. This is, however, a tricky proposition as you must know the difference between weeds and native grasses and be willing to maintain it until it is established.
In areas, within the roadway easement 15’ from the pavement and including bar ditches disturbed by construction of any character may be revegetated with the “native grass mix”. Revegetation must be applied over a minimum of 2” of topsoil (no seeding is allowed on existing hard, rocky surface) and at the high density specifi ed to keep weeds out. If weeds appear during establishment, they must be manually removed (any herbicide application will also damage the desired grasses). Refer to the “Native Grass Mix” in the Approved Plant List section of this manual, for planting requirements. (refer to Appendix A)
good natural grass establishment poor natural grass establishment
Homeowner is responsible to maintain a good roadside appearance, in respect of the rest of the community. Interpretation of maintenance is at the sole discretion of the governing ACC.
Homeowners are exempt from installing new plants or grasses in locations with sheer rock walls or areas affected by intense storm water runoff, however these areas must be kept neat (weed free) in appearance.Imported gravel will not be allowed in the right of way area under any circumstances.
14
MaintenanceIt is the responsibility of the homeowner to maintain and keep the appearance of their yard in a nice, clean manner. Homeowner is responsible for the maintenance of their irrigation system, any hardscape and the appearance and planting of the roadway easement and bar ditch. The Architectural Control Committee will be responsible for inspection of all homesite landscapes and their subsequent maintenance. The ACC retains the right to enter a property to maintain yards in neglect on behalf of the association. Loose rock gravel and trash that accumulate in bar ditches or concrete swales after rain shall be promptly removed by the adjoining owner.
Herbicides/Fertilizers - The use of herbicides, fertilizers and pesticides should be minimized. To deter insects and diseases the homeowner is encouraged to use native plants or non-native plants that have disease and insect resistance. Dillo Dirt or other rich composts can be sprinkled on the lawn instead of using fertilizers. These items will assure proper water quality and runoff. In some cases it is acceptable to utilize herbicides to mitigate weed growth where necessary, such as within the rubble rock drainage swales.
good maintenance
poor maintenance
Turf/Lawn Areas - Homeowners are required to mow all turf/lawn areas once every two weeks or when turf/lawn grasses exceed 4” in height.
Dead Plant material - Homeowners are required to remove all dead plant material.
15
Landscape Design Approaches
Traditional ApproachTypically estates with very little slope and few trees. In this scheme the plantings should transition from traditional and organized against the house and move to natural plantings or turf at the building setback line. All plant material must be selected from the “Approved Plant List”.
Traditional
DRIVEWAY
-
-
RO
AD
WA
Y
Existing Trees
to remain
Foundation Planting
around house
-
Bar Ditch
Bull Rock/Rubble Rock
Option
Walkway
Edge Treatment
steel edging
Planting Bed
with mulch
Edge Treatment
shovel cut
Turf
top soil and sod
application
16
Landscape Design Approaches (cont’d)
Xeriscape ApproachTypically larger estates with slight to moderate slope and tree cover. Low water and native plants selected from the “Approved Plant List” and noted as Very Low (VL) and Low (L) water usage provide earth friendly and water effi cient landscapes.
Xeriscape
DRIVEWAY
-
-
RO
AD
WA
Y
-
Bar Ditch
Native Grass Option
Walkway
Existing Trees
to remain
Foundation Planting
around house
Edge Treatment
limestone edging
Turf
top soil and sod
application
Planting Bed
with mulch
17
Landscape Design Approaches (cont’d)
Natural ApproachTypically lots with extreme slopes, typically along creek beds and ridgelines. Every effort should be afforded to retain the existing vegetation. Where vegetation is removed or sparse, additional plants should be provided to stop erosion. Native Grasses should be broadcast in areas where new planting will not occur to ensure prevention of further erosion. All plant material must be selected from the “Approved Plant List”.
Natural
DRIVEWAY
-
-
RO
AD
WA
Y
-
Bar Ditch
solid sod option
Walkway
Existing Trees
to remain
Foundation Planting
around house
Edge Treatment
limestone edging
Turf
top soil and sod
application
Planting Bed
with mulch
18
Appendix A:
Approved Plant List
LEGENDRating:1 - Highly Recommended: Plants are chosen for their pest resistant, hardiness in our climate, and utility in the landscape. Most are natives that foster a “Hill Country-style” as opposed to the “anywhere USA” look.
2 - Recommended: Plants are also Hill Country-hardy and highly useful. They may be included in the second tier due to the minor disease problems, limited availability, or limited opportunity to use in the landscape due to their location or native range.
Water:Refers to the plant’s water needs
VL - Very Low: Water occasionally during very dry conditionsL - Low: Water thoroughly every 3-4 weeks if no rainfallM - Medium: Water thoroughly every 2-3 weeks if no rainfallH - High: Water thoroughly every 5-7 days if no rainfall
Texas Native:Wildfl ower Center Approved Native Plant
Wildlife:Flowers, leaves or berries attract butterfl ies, insects and/or birds
Deer Resistant:When very hungry, there is very little guarantee that deer will not eat almost any plant; the following are guidelines: Somewhat deer resistant Usually deer resistant
19
Appendix A Approved Plant List
CO
MM
ON
NA
ME
RA
TIN
G
HE
IGH
T
SP
RE
AD
LIG
HT
EV
ER
GR
EE
N/
DE
CID
UO
US
FL
OW
ER
SE
AS
ON
CO
LO
R
WA
TE
R
MA
INT
EN
AN
CE
TE
XA
S N
AT
IVE
WIL
DL
IFE
DE
ER
RE
SIS
TA
NT
GE
NE
RA
L
CO
MM
EN
TS
LARGE TREESArizona Cypress
Cupressus arizonica
2 25-50' 25-50' Sun E Blue-silver
foliage
L Prune for shape
only
Triangular shaped foliage; well
suited to limestone soils;
attractive peeling red bark;
some disease problems
Big Tooth Maple
Acer grandidentatum
1 20-30' 20-30' Sun/ part
shade
D Red and
gold fall
foliage
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy.
+ Needs good soil depth;
outstanding fall color
Cherry Laurel
Prunus caroliniana
2 25'-30' 15-25' Sun/part
shade
E Dark
green
foliage
M Prune for shape
only and/or to raise
canopy
Screening plant, wildlife food;
does not like hot, dry locations;
requires deep soil and good
drainage or is susceptible to
chlorosis; too vigorous to use
as a hedge
Chinese Pistache
Pistacia chinensis
2 25-40' 25-40' Sun D Burgundy
red fall
foliage
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
Compact when older;
moderate growth rate; long-
lived; can be invasive; tall and
lanky when young, but fills out
Crape Myrtle
Lagerstroemia indica
2 4'-25' 4'-20' Sun D Summer White,
pink,
lavender
flowers;
varied fall
foliage
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy; do
not chop tops!
Showy flowers; choose
mildew-resistant varieties,
many of which are named after
Native American tribes, e.g.,
Sioux, Hopi; trees need good
air flow; note mature size when
selecting variety
Cypress, Bald
Taxodium distichum
1 60-100' 25-50+ Sun/ part
shade
D Copper
leaves in
fall
H Pruning not
necessary
+ Use western seed source only;
requires deep, moist soil
conditions and moisture;
foliage dries up in dry, hot
location
Eastern Walnut
Juglans nigra
50' 40' sun N Fall Varied
leaves
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy.
provides shade; edible nut;
roots give off toxins
Elm, American
Ulmus americana
50-80' sun/party
shade
N Fall Varied
leaves
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy.
Fast-growing, easily
transplanted; will grow in
many situations; shallow
roots; weak wood;
susceptible to Dutch Elm and
other diseases and bugs
Elm, Cedar
Ulmus crassifolia
1 25-50' 25-35' Sun/ part
shade
D Gold
leaves in
fall
L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Upright form; adapted to rocky
soils; can withstand heavy,
poorly drained clay soils and
soils that are moderately
compacted; susceptible to
powdery mildew
Elm, Lacebark
Ulmus parvifolia
2 30-40' 30-40' Sun D M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy.
Nearly evergreen; open
spreading form; attractive
exfoliating bark; drought
tolerant;
Escarpment Black
Cherry
Prunus serotina var.
eximia
2 25-50' to 25' Sun D Yellow fall
foliage
M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Fruit bearing, wildlife food; not
for heavy, clay soils; foliage
may be toxic and can be fatal if
consumed; relatively short-
lived
Honey Mesquite
Prosopis glandulosa
1 25'-30' 25-30' Sun D March-
Sept.
Creamy
white
L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ 2-3" long blooms; bright green
foliage and weeping shape;
very slow growing; thorns;
excellent nectar source
Italian Cypress
Cupressus
siempervirens
2 25-30' 10-15' Sun E Dark
green
foliage
M Low maintenance specimen
plant; requires well drained,
alkaline soil and good air
circulation; indicative of Italian
gardens.
20
Appendix A Approved Plant List
CO
MM
ON
NA
ME
RA
TIN
G
HE
IGH
T
SP
RE
AD
LIG
HT
EV
ER
GR
EE
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Oak, Blackjack
Quercus marilandica
2 50' 45' Sun/part
shade
D L Avoid pruning or
injuring the bark
from February 1 to
June 1 to help
prevent oak wilt
Needs well drained soil
Oak, Bur
Quercus macrocarpa
2 50'+ 50'+ Sun/part
shade
D M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Large, majestic, very
adaptable, needs lots of space;
moderate growth rate;
susceptible to powdery mildew
Oak, Chinquapin
Quercus muhlenbergii
1 50'+ 25-50' Sun/part
shade
D M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Stately form; good for deeper
soils; requires additional water
until established; moderate
growth rate
Oak, Durand
Quercus sinuata
to 90' to 60' sun N L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy.
likes hard limestone; solitary
Oak, Escarpment Live
Quercus fusiformis
1 30-40' 40'+ Sun/part
shade
E L Avoid pruning or
injuring the bark
from February 1 to
June 1 to help
prevent oak wilt
+ Preferred Live Oak for
shallow, limestone soils; oak
wilt susceptible
Oak, Lacey
Quercus glaucoides
1 20-30' 25' Sun/part
shade
D Bluish-
green
foliage
L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Ideal for small urban yards;
slow growth; tolerates
shallow, limestone soil
Oak, Southern Live
Quercus virginiana
2 30'-50' 50'+ Sun/part
shade
E L Avoid pruning or
injuring the bark
from February 1 to
June 1 to help
prevent oak wilt
Oak wilt susceptible; likes
large open spaces; if you live
west on shallow soil, use
Escarpment Live Oak
Oak, Monterey
(Mexican White)
Quercus polymorpha
1 30'-40' E L Prune for shape
only and/or to raise
canopy
Medium size leaves,
handsome tree; perfers deep
soil
Oak, Shumard
Quercus shumardii
2 50'+ 50'+ Sun D Red
foliage in
fall
L Avoid pruning or
injuring the bark
from February 1 to
June 1 to help
prevent oak wilt
Deep, well drained soil; if you
live west on shallow soil, use
Texas Red Oak instead
Oak, Texas Red
Quercus texana
(Quercus buckleyi)
1 25-50' to 25' Sun/part
shade
D Bright red/
orange fall
foliage
L Avoid pruning or
injuring the bark
from February 1 to
June 1 to help
prevent oak wilt
+ Well adapted to rocky soils;
susceptible to oak wilt;
outstanding tree
Pecan
Carya illinoiensis
2 50'+ 50'+ Sun D M Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Tall impressive tree; nut
producing; for good, deep soils
only; susceptible to disease
and insects
Texas Ash
Fraxinus texensis
1 40'-50' 40' Sun/part
shade
D L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
+ Fast-growing; only Ash
appropriate for Austin area;
foliage turns bronze/
yellow/mauve muted tones in
fall
21
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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SMALL TREES/LARGE SHRUBSAmerican Smoke Tree
Cotinus obovatus
1 15' 10-15' Sun/ part
shade
D Mid-
spring
Pink to
purple
cloud-like
floral
display
M Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Prefers well drained, rocky
limestone soils; plant facing
north or east; does best with a
break from the hot afternoon
sun
Anacacho Orchid Tree
Bauhinia congesta
1 8-12' 8-10' Sun/ part
shade
D March-
May
White or
pale pink
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Prefers well drained soil;
small, light green leaves look
like cloven hooves
Carolina Buckthorn
Rhamnus caroliniana
1 12-15' 15' Sun/ part
shade
D Yellow
foliage in
fall
ML Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Understory tree with glossy
leaves, red berries for wildlife;
needs moisture
Chitalpa
Chitalpa
tashkentensis
15-25' full sun N Lavender,
pink and
white
M Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
susceptible to Alterneria leaf
spot, leaf blight, wilt and
premature defoliation
Desert Willow
Chilopsis linearis
1 15-25' 15-20' Sun/ part
shade
D Spring to
fall
White,
pink or
burgundy
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Trumpet-shaped, 3" long
flower; need well-drained site;
airy foliage casts a light shade
for under-plantings
Eve's Necklace
Sophora affinis
1 10-15' 10' Sun/part
shade
D Spring Pink L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ 4 - 6" drooping clusters; will
tolerate poorly drained, clay
soils; good nectar plant
Flameleaf Sumac
Rhus copallina
1 10'-20' 10-15' Sun/part
shade
D Orange/
red fall
foliage
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Food for bees, mammals, and
birds; thicket-forming; good for
wildscapes
Goldenball Leadtree
Leucaena retusa
1 12'-15' 12-15' Sun/part
shade
D April to
October
Gold L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ 1" round globes; fragrant;
blooms fairly fast growing; airy
foliage casts light shade for
underplantings; deer browse
leaves
Mexican Buckeye
Ungnadia speciosa
1 15-25' 15-25' Sun/part
shade
D Early
spring
Pink L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy right after
bloom
+ 1" bloom; fragrant; multi-trunk;
shrubby; does well as
understory plant
Mexican Plum
Prunus mexicana
1 15-25' 8-10' Sun/part
shade
D Spring White L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Edible fruit; needs good
drainage and fair amount of
soil; short-lived
Mountain Laurel,
Texas Sophora
secundiflora
1 12-20' 8-10' Sun/part
shade
E Spring Purple VL Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Showy flowers with strong
grape bubble gum fragrance;
poisonous seeds; needs good
drainage; occasional
caterpillar problems
Pomegranate
Punica granatum
2 10' 8' Sun/ part
shade
D Orange
flowers;
yellow fall
color
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Bears edible fruit
Possumhaw Holly
Ilex decidua
1 12-15' 12' Sun/part
shade
D M Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Striking red berries on bare
branches in winter
Red Buckeye
Aesculus pavia
1 10-20' 10-20' Sun/ part
shade
D Early to
late
spring
Bright red
flowers
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy right after
bloom
+ + Flashy bloomer; appropriate
for wildscapes; provides
wildlife food but is toxic to
humans; loses leaves in late
summer; best as understory
tree
Redbud, Mexican
Cercis canadensis
'mexicana'
1 20' 8' Sun D Early
spring
Pinkish
purple
VL Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Twigs and petioles covered
with dense fuzz; leaves have
wavy edges; likes well drained
sites; more drought tolerant
and smaller than Texas
Redbud
Redbud, Texas
Cercis canadensis
var. texensis
1 10-25' 15' Sun/part
shade
D Early
spring
Pinkish
purple
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Can be short lived; Mexican
Redbud is smaller; has shiny
leaves; look for true Texas
Redbud because eastern
variety is less adapted
22
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Retama
Jerusalem Thorn
Parkinsonia aculeata
2 12-15' 12-15' Part
shade/
sun
D Spring to
fall
Yellow VL Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Tolerant of dry soils; fragrant
blooms; green trunk and
branches; seeds out; root
suckers; thorns; fast growing,
short-lived
Roughleaf Dogwood
Cornus drummondii
1 12'-15' 12' Sun/ part
shade
D Spring White;
fall color
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Easier to grow than Eastern
Dogwood; susceptible to leaf
spot fungus; recommended for
wildscape; thicket-forming;
good nectar and seed source
Rusty Blackhaw
Viburnum
Viburnum rufidulum
1 12'-15' 10' Sun/part
shade
D Late
Spring
White L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
right after bloom
+ Good understory tree; for
deeper, well-drained soils;
slow-growing; yellow, orange,
and red fall color
Sago Palm Cycas
revoluta
2 4-10' 5-8' Sun/ part
shade
E Summer no major
landscape
value
M Cover in freezing
conditions; cut back
freeze injured
foliage in late winter
Flat to mounding rosette
merging into a thick, stocky,
short trunk; dense crown of
stiff, course textured leaves
finely divided
Senna, Flowering
Cassia corymbosa
2 8' 8-10' Sun D Summer
to fall
Yellow L Prune for shape or
to raise canopy
right after bloom
+ Dark green leaves; showy
bloomer; susceptible to
extremely cold weather
Senna, Lindheimer
Cassia lindheimeriana
1 4' 4' Part
shade/
sun
D Late
summer
to fall
Yellow L Prune for shape
right after bloom
Needs good drainage; gray
foliage; very tolerant of poor,
rocky soils
Spartan Juniper
Juniperus chinensis
'Spartan'
2 12-15' 4-5' Sun/part
shade
E Rich
green
foliage
M Specimen plant; very hardy;
fast growing; conical/pyramidal
shape; dense branches
Texas Pistachio
Pistacia texana
1 12-20' 15-20' Sun/ part
shade
D Spring White L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Excellent hedge; blooms
followed by red 4-6" fruit
clusters on female plants only;
birds like red berries
Yaupon Holly
llex vomitoria
1 15' 10-15' Sun/part
shade
E Winter Red
berries
L Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
+ Small shade tolerant tree;
females produce red berries in
winter that attract birds; free of
insects and diseases;
poisonous
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Appendix A Approved Plant List
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SHRUBSAgarita
Berberis trifoliata
1 3-7' 6' Sun/part
shade
E Feb-April Yellow L Prune for a natural
look; shaping not
necessary
+ + Prickly leaves (not pedestrian
friendly), fragrant flowers,
edible, red berries in spring;
bluish-green, holly-like foliage;
excellent nesting shrub for
birds
Agave
Century Plant
Agave sp.
1 1-6' 1-6' Sun E L Prune old bloom
stalks at base
+ + Many types and sizes; lives
long but dies after blooming;
choose location with caution
because leaves have long,
sharp spines; some types
native to Texas
Althea
Hibiscus syriacus
to 12' to 6' full sun/
part
shade
N Summer M Prune for shape
only (shrubs &
trees) &/or to raise
canopy (trees).
litter; insects and sooty mold
problems in shady areas
American Beautyberry
Callicarpa americana
2 4-6' 6' Part
shade/
shade
D Purple
fruit
M Shaping not usually
necessary
+ Attractive berries in fall and
winter; needs deeper soil;
wildlife food; prefers
dependable moisture
Arrowwood
Viburnum dentatum
10' 5' sun N Fall Magenta L Pick prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary. (shrubs,
trees)
1/2 inch spikes
Artemisia
Artemisia 'Powis
Castle'
1 1' 3-6' Sun E L Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
in mid-winter
+ Aromatic, lace-like gray
foliage; berries are beautiful
Barbados Cherry
Malpighia glabra
1 3' 2' Sun/part
shade
E March to
Dec.
White to
pale pink
M Prune to shape
only; responds well
to shaping
+ 1/2"delicate, crepe-paper
flowers followed by red berries
that attract birds
Barberry, Japanese
Berberis thunbergii
3-6' 4-7' sun/part
shade
Y Fall Red fruit
and varied
leaf color
M thoryn; B. thunbergii and B.
verruculosa are fairly disease-
free
Barberry, Japanese
Berberis thunbergii
'Atropurpurea'
2 4-6' 4-6' Sun/part
shade
D M Minimal pruning
only to maintain
natural arching
shape
Colorful burgundy foliage;
dense form with thorns; best
color in full sun; needs good
drainage; dwarf form (to 2')
also available
Basket Grass
(Sacahuista)
Nolina texana
1 2' 3' Sun/part
shade
E Fall Cream-
colored
plume
L Remove old bloom
stalks at base
+ + Grass-like mounding form
effective on slopes; keep away
from walkways as leaves have
sharp edges
Black Dalea
Dalea frutescens
1 1-3' 3' Sun D Fall Purple L Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves;
mulch for winter
+ Requires little water, long roots
will find water some distance
away; excellent nectar source
Bush Germander
Teucrium fruticans
2 4-6' 4-6' Sun or
shade
D Summer Lavendar/
blue
flowers
L Prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
Don't overwater; perennial;
attractive, silvery gray-green
foliage; smaller, compact
varieties available
Butterfly Bush
Buddleja davidii
2 5' 5' Sun/part
shade
D Summer
and Fall
White,
pink,
violet,
purple
M Pick prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
Long bloom spikes are
aromatic; prone to mite
problems; attracts butterflies
24
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Butterfly Bush, Wooly
Buddleja marrubiifolia
1 5' 5' Sun D Summer Orange L Pick prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
+ Interesting 1/2" flower; peach-
fuzz type foliage; needs good
drainage; attracts butterflies;
native to south Texas
Coralberry
Symphoricarpos
orbiculatus
2 2-3' 3' Part
shade
D Winter Magenta
berries
M Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves; then
mulch
+ Attractive fleshy berries in late
fall and winter; spreads by
runners; susceptible to
powdery mildew; needs moist
soil with compost added
Cotoneaster
Cotoneaster sp.
2 3-5' 4-6' Sun/
shade
E Red
berries
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Silver-gray to dark green
foliage; attractive fleshy
berries; susceptible to fire
blight and spider mites
Esperanza/
Yellow Bells
Tecoma stans
1 4'-5' 5' Sun/part
shade
D Summer
through
Fall
Yellow or
orange
M Remove spent
blooms; prune to
3" after first frost,
then mulch
+ Showy blooms ; native type
has narrow leaves; 'Gold Star'
is an improved variety with
larger leaves; blooms even
when small
Evergreen Sumac
Rhus virens
1 8' 8' Sun or
shade
E Late
summer
White L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
+ Glossy leaves turn burgundy in
cool season; fuzzy, orange/red
berries provide food for birds
and other wildlife
Flame Acanthus
Anisacanthus
quadrifidus var.
wrightii
1 4' 4' Sun/part
shade
D Summer
to fall
Orange M Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
+ + Attract humingbirds and
butterflies; readily re-seeds;
can be used a a perennial
hedge
Fragrant Sumac
(Aromatic)
Rhus aromatica
1 3-6' 4-6' Sun/part
shade
D Vibrant
fall leaves
L Prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
+ Wildlife food; leaves confused
with poison ivy
Glossy Abelia
Abelia grandiflora
2 6' 6' Sun E Summer
to fall
White/
pink
M Prune the 'wild
hairs' for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
Fast growth; tolerates city
conditions well
Holly, Burford
Ilex cornuta 'Burfordii'
2 15-20' 10-15' Sun/ part
shade
E Spring White
blooms;
red
berries
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
Susceptible to scale insects
Holly, Dwarf Burford
Ilex cornuta 'Burfordii
Nana'
2 8' 8' Sun/part
shade
E Spring White
blooms;
red
berries
M Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Dwarf-type grows slower but
still gets large; dense leaf
coverage; susceptible to scale
insects
Holly, Dwarf Chinese
Ilex cornuta 'Rotunda
nana'
2 3-4' 3-6' Sun/
shade
E M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Rigid leaves with sharp needle
points; not pedestrian friendly
Holly, Dwarf Yaupon
Ilex vomitoria 'Nana'
1 2-4' 2-4' Sun/part
shade
E Summer White L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Low, mounding shrub
Indian Hawthorne
Paphiolepis indica
3-4' 3-4' sun Y White or
pink
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Susceptible to fungal leaf spot
Kidneywood
Eysenhardtia texana
1 8-10' 7' Sun/part
shade
D Spring to
fall
White L Prune immediately
after bloom for
shape only or to
trim up into mini-
tree form
+ Fragrant flowers attract
butterflies; blooms off and on
through the season; loose, airy
foliage smells like citrus when
crushed
Lantana, sp.
Lantana sp.
2 3-5' 4-5' Sun D Summer
to fall
Pink and
yellow
L Cut top 1/2 at end
of May. Prune to 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves;
mulch
Some types can be invasive;
give lots of room; attracts
butterflies, Varieties: 'New
Gold", "Sterling", "Radiance"
25
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Lantana, Texas
Lantana horrida
1 3-5' 4-5' Sun D Summer
to fall
Orange
and yellow
L Cut top 1/2 at end
of May. Prune to 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves;
mulch
+ Prickly; give lots of room;
attracts butterflies
Mistflower, White
( Shrubby White
Boneset)
Ageratina havanense
1 5' 5' Sun/part
shade
D Fall White M Cut top 1/2 at end
of May. Prune to 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves;
mulch
+ Fragrant, white puffy flowers
attract butterflies; good for
poor, rocky conditions; large
and arching branches
Mistflower, Blue
Blue Boneset
Eupatorium
coelestinum
1 1.5-3' 2-3' Sun/part
shade
D July-
October
Lavender M Cut top 1/2 at end
of May. Prune to 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves;
mulch
Attracts butterflies; perfers
moist conditions; best in
morning sun or part shade
Mountain Sage
Salvia regla
1 3-5' 3-4' Part
shade
D Late
summer/
fall
Red to
orange
M Cut top 1/2 at end
of May. Prune to 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves;
mulch
+ 1" long blossoms; attracts
hummingbirds; does best
beneath taller shrub or tree
that provides afternoon shade
Nandina (dwarf-types)
Nandina sp
2 3-6' 2-4' Sun/
shade
E L Prune older, fading
shoots at ground
level to promote
new low growth
Choose dwarf varieties only;
tall, berrying types can be
invasive and lack cool season
orange to burgundy foliage
color; may be chlorotic in high
pH soils
Nandina, Gulf Stream
Nandina domestica
'Gulf Stream'
2 2' 2' Y Orange
and
scarlet
foliage
L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
smaller than the species but
slightly larger than the dwarf
form, 'Nana'; graceful, bamboo-
like foliage
Nandina, Harbour
Dwarf Nandina
domestica 'Harbour
Dwarf'
2 Y L
Nandina, Moon Bay
Nandina domestica
'Moon Bay'
2 Y L
Nandina, Nana
Nandina domestica
'nana'
2 2' sun or
shade
Y L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
different sizes available, may
seed in the wild; will run and
colonize quickly
Oleander
Nerium oleander
2 5-20' 5-15' Sun E Summer Pinks,
white,
purple,
lavender
L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ May freeze; cut back cold
damaged tops in late winter, all
parts poisonous if eaten;
susceptible to a bacterial
blight; very deer resistant; can
be used as an informal
hedge/screen
Primrose Jasmine
Jasminum mesnyi
2 6' 15' Sun/part
shade
E Early
spring to
summer
Yellow M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary; can be
hedge
Very large, for hanging over
walls or cliffs; good for erosion
control
Prostrate/Common
Juniper
Juniperus communis
2 2-5' 7-13' Sun E Blue-
green
foliage
L Prune to control
spread
Low growing; drought tolerant;
can be invasive;
Rock Rose
Pavonia lasiopetala
1 2' 3' Sun or
shade
D Summer Pink L Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves;
mulch
+ Small shrub with 1.5" hibiscus-
like blooms; more prone to
powdery mildew in shade; very
few blooms after spring;
biennial; reseeds freely;
attracts butterflies
Rose, Belinda's
Dream Rosa '
Belinda's Dream'
2 4' 4' Sun E Spring to
frost
Pink M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Repeat bloomer; fragrant;
disease tolerant; good shrub
form with large blooms
Rose, Knock Out
Rosa 'Knock Out'
2 3' 3' Sun E Spring to
frost
Red M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Purplish new growth; repeat
bloomer; new variety showing
good disease resistance
26
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Rose, Livin' Easy
Rosa 'Livin' Easy'
2 4' 3' Sun E Spring to
frost
Coral to
orange
M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Repeat bloomer; new variety
recommended showing good
disease resistance; upright
growth habit
Rose, Marie Pavie
Rosa ' Marie Pavie'
2 3' 3' Sun/ part
shade
E Spring to
frost
White to
pale pink
M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Antique rose; repeat bloomer;
fragrant, double bloom; few
thorns; disease tolerant
Rose, Mutabilis
Rosa 'Mutablis'
2 6' 8' Sun E Spring to
frost
Copper
yellow to
pink
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary; prefers
drip or soaker hose
irrigation
Antique rose; very drought
tolerant rose; copper yellow
flowers turn to a pretty pink,
repeat bloomer; disease
resistant
Rose, Nearly Wild
Rosa ' Nearly Wild'
2 3' 4' Sun E Spring to
frost
Deep pink M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Single pink bloom; repeat
bloomer; disease resistant;
needs soil with compost added
Rose, Old Blush
Rosa 'Old Blush'
2 5' 5' Sun E Spring to
frost
Deep pink M Prefers drip or
soaker hose
irrigation
Antique rose; repeat bloomer;
disease resistant
Rosemary
Rosmarinus officinalis
1 4' 4-6' Sun E On and
off all
year
Pale Blue M Prune for a natural
look or shape as
desired; cut back by
1/2 in winter to
prevent leggy look
+ Culinary herb, upright shrub,
trailing types also available;
good drainage required; prone
to disease problems in wet
conditions
Sage, Texas
Leucophyllum
frutescens
1 4-5' 4-5' Sun E Spring to
summer
Lavender,
purple,
pink or
white
L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary; don't
shear!
+ Gray leaves provide color
contrast to lavender flowers;
green-leaved varieties also
available; blooms off and on
through the growing season
Sotol, Texas
Dasylirion texanum
1 2-3' 4' Sun E Early
summer
Char-
treuse to
tan
L Remove old bloom
stalks at the base
+ Long blade-like leaves with
sharp edges (not pedestrian
friendly); needs space
Southern Wax Myrtle
Myrica cerifera
2 10'-12' 15' Full sun/
part
shade
E M Prune for shape
only or to raise
canopy
Fast-growing screen; grows
best in deeper soils; wildlife
food; root suckers; foliage
aromatic when crushed
Spirea
Spiraea sp.
3-10' sun/part
shade
N Spring to
Fall
White in
spring;
pink, red
or white
summer
to fall
M easy to grow; bridal wreath
type-clusters ; shrubby, much
lower-growing type-pink, red
or white flowers summer to fall
St. John's Wort
Hypericum frondosum
(species?)
Y Yellow M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
showy flowers
Turk's Cap
Malvaviscus arboreus
1 4-6" 5' Sun or
shade
D Summer Red L Prune to keep
confined or when
leggy
+ Fruit for wildlife, colonizing;
susceptible to freeze; can be
invasive
Wax Myrtle, Dwarf
Myrica pusilla
2 5' 5' Sun/part
shade
E M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Tough, adaptable shrub makes
a good 4'-6' screen; foliage
aromatic when crushed
Yucca, Paleleaf
Yucca pallida
1 1' 2' Sun/part
shade
E Summer White L Remove old bloom
stalk at the base
Leaves pale blue-green; deer
will eat blooms but not foliage
Yucca, Red
Hesperaloe parviflora
1 2-4' 4' Sun E Spring to
Summer
Coral
spike
L Remove old bloom
stalks at the base
+ May colonize; deer will eat
blooms but not foliage; attracts
hummingbirds
Yucca, Softleaf
Yucca recurvifolia
1 4-6' 3' Sun/part
shade
E Summer White to
pale green
L Remove old bloom
stalks at the base
Soft, pliable foliage; deer eat
blooms but not folliage
Yucca, Twistleaf
Yucca rupicola
1 1-2' 2' Sun/part
shade
E Summer White L Remove old bloom
stalks at the base;
divide if crowded
+ + Old leaves are twisted; deer
eat blooms but not foliage
27
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Asian Jasmine
Trachelospermum
asiaticum
2 10-18" 20-25' Sun/part
shade
E M Prune to 4" height
in February
Vining groundcover; may burn
in full sun; supresses weed
plants
Aztec Grass
Ophiopogon
japonicus
2 1' 1-1.5' Part
shade/
shade
E M Cut back to 3" in
February
Groundcover; similar to
Liriope with white variegated
leaves; no pests or diseases
Carolina Jessamine
Gelsemium
sempervirens
1 to 20' 10' Sun/part
shade
E Early
Spring
Yellow M Prune annually to
limit spread; prune
only to direct and
control growth
+ Vine; very aggressive; fragrant
bright yellow flower in late
winter-early spring; attracts
hummingbirds
Coral Honeysuckle
Lonicera
sempervirens
1 12' Sun/part
shade
E Spring to
summer
Coral M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ Vine; coral tubular blooms on
evergreen vines attract
hummingbirds; can be used as
a shrub
Coral Vine
Antigonon leptopus
2 30-40' Sun/part
shade
D Late
summer
and fall
White or
rose-pink
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary
Vine; small flowers ; rapidly
growing climber that holds on
by tendrils, quickly covers
adjacent plants and structures;
attracts butterflies; dies back
each winter
Crossvine
Bignonia capreolata
1 to 50' part
shade/
shade
E Summer Brick-red
with
yellow
throat or
coral
L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ Vine; very aggressive; prune
annually; high climber;
'Tangerine Beauty' variety has
bright coral blooms; attracts
hummingbirds
English Ivy
Hedera helix
2 30-40' 6-10" shade Y Bright
yellow
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
vine/groundcover; very
aggressive; prune annually;
fragrant flower
Fig Vine
Ficus pumila
2 to 60'+ Full sun/
part
shade
E Summer M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Vine; may become pest if
growth not controlled; free of
insects and disease pests;
susceptible to very hard
freezes
Horseherb
Calyptocarpus vialis
2 8-10" Part
shade/
shade
E Spring to
fall
Yellow L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ Groundcover; recommended
for revegetation; abundant in
shady areas and lawns
Japanese
Honeysuckle
Lonicera japonica
20-30' Sun or
shade
E M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Groundcover; can be invasive,
use on slopes for erosion
control
Lady Banksia Rose
Rosa banksiae
2 20+' Full sun E Spring White to
yellow
M Prune after spring
bloom to control
and direct growth
Vine; fast growing; climbing;
requires sturdy support;
relatively free of pests
associated with most roses
Leadwort Plumbago
Ceratostigma
plumbaginoides
2 6-12" 3-5' Sun/ part
shade
E Summer Blue L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Groundcover; deep blue
flowers and green foliage with
burgundy tinge
Liriope
Liriope muscari
2 12-18" 12" Part
shade to
shade
E Purple
Spikes
M Prune yellow or
unattractive foliage
Groundcover; clump-like
evergreen foliage
Monkey Grass
(Mondo Grass)
Ophiopogon
japonicus
2 4-8" 12+" Sun to
part
shade
E M Prune yellow or
unattractive foliage
Groundcover; fertile, well-
drained soil; clusters of flowers
close to the leaves; dwarf form
also available
Oregano
Origanum vulgare
2 4" 4' Sun E Summer White to
rosy pink
M Prune removing top
1/2 at end of May.
Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves.
Groundcover; sprawling plant;
pungently aromatic; flavorful
leaves used in cooking
Passion Vine
Passiflora incarnata
2 7' 3-4' Full sun/
part
shade
D Mid-
summer
to fall
Lavender
or red
M Prune only to direct
and control growth
Vine;perennial; zebra long
wing and Julia butterfly
caterpillars may defoliate;
exotic flower; fast growth
VINES, GROUNDCOVER
28
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Periwinkle, Littleleaf
Vinca minor
2 10-12" 25+' Partial
shade
E Summer White,
blue or
purple
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Vining groundcover
Pigeonberry
Rivina humilis
2 1-1.5' 2' Part
shade/
shade
D Spring to
fall
White/
Pink
M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ Groundcover; spreads rapidly;
tolerates moist or dry soil;
attractive red berries are prized
by birds
Purple Heart
Secreasea pallida
2 1' 8+' Sun to
part
shade
E Summer Purple
leaves
and
flowers
L Keep confined by
pruning
Groundcover; invasive
Santolina
(Lavender Cotton)
Santolina
chamaecyparissus
2 1-2' 1-2' Sun E Spring Yellow VL Prune unattractive
foliage
+ Shrubby groundcover; fine
textured, aromatic evergreen
foliage; requires excellent
drainage; not long-lived; gray
or green leaf varieties
Sedge, Berkeley
Carex tumulicola
2 1' 1' Sun to
shade
E Summer Yellow L Prune unattractive
foliage
Groundcover; excellent
evergreen grass-like; needs
occasional moisture
Sedge, Meadow
Carex perdentata
1 1-1.5' 1.5' Sun to
part
shade
E Summer L Prune unattractive
foliage
+ Groundcover; excellent
evergreen grass-like foliage;
drought tolerant
Sedge, Texas
Carex texensis
1 6-8" 8" Shade E Summer L Prune unattractive
foliage
+ Groundcover; small enough to
plant in between stone
walkways and tough enough
for turf; will take traffic
Sedum
(Stonecrop)
Sedum nuttallianum
2 6" 1' Shade to
sun
E Summer White L Prune unattractive
foliage
+ Groundcover; rock garden
plant
Sweet Autumn
Clematis
Clematis paniculata
2 20-30' Full sun D Fall White L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
Vine; evergreen; vigorous;
silvery fruiting plumes;
fragrance; pest free
Trumpet Vine
Campsis radicans
2 20-30' Sun or
shade
D Summer Orange/
coral
L Prune to control
growth
+ Vine; attracts hummingbirds;
trumpet shape flower; invasive;
pick up seed pods; 'Madame
Galen' or 'Georgia' are among
the available varieties
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus
quinquefolia
1 to 25'+ Sun or
shade
D Scarlet fall
foliage
L Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
+ Vine; adaptable deciduous
vine; vigorous cover; pest free
29
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Bamboo Muhly
Muhlenbergia dumosa
1 5-6' 3-4' Sun/part
shade
E Winter Purple L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ Tall, bushy growth
Big Bluestem
Andropogon gerardii
2 3-6' 3' Sun E Fall Bluish
leaves to
rust in fall
L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Reseeds; more appropriate in
meadow, prairie or wetland
Big Muhly
Muhlenbergia
lindheimeri
1 2-5' 3' Sun/part
shade
D Fall White 6'
stalk
L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Good substitute for pampas
grass, feather-like blooms in
fall
Deer Muhly
Muhlenbergia rigens
2 1' 1' Sun D Fall Tiny,
wispy
heads
L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Dense clump grass
Dwarf Fountain Grass
Pennisetum
alopecuroides
2 3' 2' Sun D Fall White
seed
heads
M Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
Ornamental with tufts ofseed
heads; needs moisture in dry
periods
Gulf Muhly
Muhlenbergia
capillaris
1 2-1/2' 2' Sun/part
shade
D Fall Pink
feathery
seed
heads
L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Reseeds; more appropriate in
meadow, prairie or wetland
Indian Grass
Sorghastrum nutans
2 3-5' 5' Sun D Fall Bright
gold
L-H Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Tall seed heads in fall;
reseeds; more appropriate in
meadow, prairie or wetland
Inland Seaoats
Chasmanthium
latifolium
1 2-4' 6-8' Part
shade/
shade
D Summer
and fall
Ivory
seeds
L-H Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Graceful, drooping wheat-like
seed heads, spreads freely;
appropriate for woodland; good
understory plant; prefers moist
areas
Little Bluestem
Schizachyrium
scoparium
2 3-4' 1-1/2' Sun D Fall White
seed tufts
in fall
L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + Prairie plant appropriate in
mass plantings; reseeds; more
appropriate in meadow, prairie
or wetland
Mexican Feathergrass
(Wiregrass)
Stipa tenuissima
1 2' 2' Sun D M Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
Elegant weeping form; very
drought tolerant; reseeds;
more appropriate in meadow,
prairie or wetland
Pampas Grass
Cortaderia selloana
1 6-10' 6-10' Sun E Late
summer
and fall
Large 30"
white
plumes
L Cut back foliage in
late winter in areas
where foliage is
winter killed
Large, dense, mounding
fountainlike clumps of fine-
textured, graceful, arching
leaves; sharp leaves; size and
spread is hard to control once
established
Seep Muhly
Muhlenbergia
reverchonii
2 1-3' 2' Sun D Fall Tiny
blooms
L-
M
Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ Mostly found in limestone
prairies growing in low-lying
wet areas; reseeds; more
appropriate in meadow, prairie
or wetland
Sideoats Grama
Bouteloua
curtipendula
2 2-3' 1' Sun/part
shade
D Fall L Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ + State grass of Texas, side
hanging seed pods; easy to
grow from seed; drought
tolerant; reseeds; more
appropriate in meadow or
prairie
Switch Grass
Punica virgatum
2 6' 4' Sun/part
shade
D Fall Reddish
tint
L-H Cut back to 8"
height prior to new
spring growth
+ Upright, tall habit; usually has
a reddish tint; prefers moist
areas; reseeds; more
appropriate in meadow, prairie
or wetland
Wild Rye
Elymus canadensis
2 3' 2' Sun/part
shade
D Winter Bllue-
green
seedhead
s
L Cut back in
summer
+ Dormant in summer; green in
winter; reseeds; more
appropriate in meadow or
prairie
ORNAMENTAL GRASSES
30
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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"Native Grass Mix"
Turf Grasses
Seed Mixture and Rate of Application for Broadcast Seeding:
Establishment period from September 15 to March 1, seeding shall be with a combination of:
8 lbs. per acre of Side Oats Grama (Bouteloua Curtipendula)
8 lbs. per acre of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium Scoparium)
8 lbs. per acre of Indian Grass (Sorghastrium Nutans)
2 lbs. per acre of Lovegrass (Eragrostis Intermedia)
2 lbs. per acre of Southwest Bristlegrass (Setaraia Scheelei)
11 lbs. per acre of Buffalograss “Topgun” (Buchloe Dactyloides)
with a purity of 95% with 90% germination.
Jammur' Zoysia
Hybrid Bermuda
St. Augustine
Buffalo Grass - not desired for highly mainicured look
31
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
1 1-2' 1-2' Sun or
shade
D Summer Yellow
with dark
centers
M Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves;
MULCH FOR
WINTER
+ + 3" daisy-like blooms in
summer; seed sown in fall or
spring; butterfly nectar
Blackfoot Daisy
Melampodium
leucanthum
1 6-12" 1-1.5' Sun D Spring
and
summer
White with
yellow
VL Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves;
hates overhead
watering
+ Short daisy-like blooms all
spring and summer; will rot if
kept moist; nectar
Bulbine
B. frutescens or
caulescens
1 2' 2.5' Sun E Summer Orange
and yellow
or yellow
L Trim off old bloom
stalks as they
decline
Aloe-like leaves; can freeze
Bush Morning Glory
Ipomoea leptophylla
2 7' 7' Sun D Summer Lavender/
violet
M Prune only to trim
long shoots and
shape plant
Tall, tender shrub; 6-8"
Morning Glory-like blooms
Butterly Weed
Asclepias tuberosa
1 2-5' 1' Sun or
shade
D Summer Orange/
yellow
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ Flowers attract Monarch
butterflies; reseeds freely;
short-lived; perennial only in
mild winter
Butterfly Weed,
Mexican (Tropical
Milkweed)
Asclepias currasavica
1 3-4' 1-2' Sun or
part
shade
D Summer
to fall
Yellow or
orange
and yellow
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
Flowers attract Monarch
butterflies; foliage is good
larval food for
Monarchsreseeds freely; short-
lived
Cast Iron Plant
Aspidistra elatior
2 3' 2-3' Shade E L Remove damaged
foliage to 3" height
in spring
Long green leaves; requires
shade; good, slow-growing
understory plant
Chile Pequin
Capsicum annuum
1 2-4' 2-4' Sun/part
shade
D White L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May and to a
3" height after first
frost brown leaves
+ Peppers are very hot!;
perennial only in mild winter;
reseeds
Cigar Plant
Cuphea micropetala
2 2-4' 3' Full sun D Summer
to frost
Orange
and yellow
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May and to a
3" height after first
frost brown leaves
Great hummingbird plant
Columbine, Red
Aquilegia canadensis
1 2' 2' Part
shade/
shade
D Spring Red M Prune off spent
foliage and
seedheads in late
May
+ Likes dry shade; reseeds to
return in cool season;
susceptible to leaf miners;
highly attractive to
hummingbirds
Columbine, Yellow
Aquilegia chrysantha
var. hinkleyana
1 2' 2' Part
shade/
shade
D Spring Yellow M Prune off spent
foliage and
seedheads in late
May
+ Pretty flowers; likes dry shade;
reseeds to return in cool
season; native to Big Bend;
susceptible to leaf miners;
attractive to some
hummingbirds
Copper Canyon Daisy
Tagetes lemmonii
1 3' 4' Sun D Fall Yellow L Prune to the size
mound you want
+ Daisy-like flower; strongly
scented leaves; native to
Mexico; runners root
Coreopsis
Coreopsis lanceolata
2 1-1.5' 1-1/2-2' Sun/ part
shade
D Spring to
Summer
Yellow M Prune off old
blooms for
repeated flowering
+ Cheerful flowers; native to east
and southeast Texas; butterfly
plant
Damianita
Chrysactina mexicana
1 1-2' 2-3' Sun E Spring
and
some
summer
Golden
yellow
L Prune early spring
and late summer to
shape
+ Drought hardy and aromatic
foliage; mainly blooms in
spring, on and off through
summer; needs good
drainage; native to west Texas
FLOWERING PERENNIALS
32
Appendix A Approved Plant List
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Daylilly
Hemerocalls fulva
to 4' in
bloom
sun Summer
to early
fall
Orange,
yellow,
pink, red,
brown,
green
M Remove old bloom
stalks, prune to a 3"
height after first
frost browns leaves.
strap-like leaves, large, erect,
funnelto bell-shaped blooms;
susceptible to aphids and
thrips
Fall Aster
Aster oblongifolius
1 2-4' 3-4' Sun/part
shadesha
de
D Fall Purple/
Lavender
M Prune topy 1/2 at
end of May and to a
3 height after hard
frost
+ Delicate fall flowers; nectar
source
Fan Flower
Scaevola aemula
sun/part
shade
M spreading tender perennial
Fern, Holly
Cyrtomium falcatum
2 2-3' 3' Shade E M Prune to 3" height
after frost or in late
winter
Likes shady, moist areas
Fern, River
Thelypteris kunthii
2 2-3' 3' Shade D M Prune to 6" above
ground after first
hard freeze; mulch
well
Likes shady, moist areas
Firebush
Hamelia patens
1 2-2.5' Sun D Summer
to Fall
Orange-
red flower;
burgundy
leaves in
fall
M Prune to 6" above
ground after first
hard freeze; mulch
well
Fiery leaves and flowers; turn
bluish red in autumn; attracts
hummingbirds; native to
Mexico; needs regular
moisture to establish
Gaura
Gaura lindheimeri
1 2' 3' Sun D Spring to
Summer
Pink or
white/pink
L Prune to 6" above
ground after first
hard freeze; mulch
well
+ Tall flower spikes adorned with
1 flowers that appear as
fluttering butterflies in the wind
Gayfeather
Liatris mucronata
1 1-3' 1-1-1/2' Sun D Aug. to
Dec.
Purple to
rose pink
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May and to a
3" height after first
frost brown leaves
+ Purple, 4-9" spikes; likes well-
drained limestone soil; great
source of nectar for
hummingbirds and insects
Gregg Dalea
Dalea greggii
1 4-9" 6-12" Full sun E Late
spring to
fall
Purple L Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
(perennial).
+ Silvery blue-green leaves; dry
soil; winter-hardy; may also be
used as a groundcover;
primary bloom period in fall;
nectar source
Hibiscus, Perennial
Hibiscus moscheutos
Hibiscus coccineus
1 4' 4' Full sun D Summer
to frost
Bright red
blooms
L Cut to 6" after first
hard freeze
+ Showy bloom; choose
varieties such as 'Flare', 'Moy
Grande', 'Lord Baltimore', and
'Texas Star'
Hibiscus, Heartleaf
Hibiscus
cardiophyllus
1 3'-5' 3-5' sun or
shade
Summer Red L Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
(perennial).
Hibiscus, Lord
Baltimore
Hibiscus 'Lord
Baltimore'
1 5' 5' full sun Summer
to frost
Red L showy bloom; lobed leaves
Hibiscus, Moy Grande
Hibiscus ' Moy
Grande'
1 5' 5' full sun Summer
to early
fall
Pink L Remove old blooms
and developing
seed pods to
encourage
reblooming
largest hibiscus blooms;
Hibiscus, Texas Star
Hibiscus ' Texas Star'
1 M
Hymenoxys
Four Nerve Daisy
Tetraneuris scaposa
1 1' 18" Sun/part
shade
E March to
June and
Sept. to
Oct.
Yellow L Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
+ Daisy-like blooms grow from
small gray-green tuft; needs
good drainage; highly drought
tolerant; nectar; small birds eat
seeds
Indigo Spires
Salvia 'Indigo Spires'
1 3' 5' Sun/part
shade
D All
summer
Blue/
purple
M Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
Allow room to mound and
spread
33
Appendix A Approved Plant List
CO
MM
ON
NA
ME
RA
TIN
G
HE
IGH
T
SP
RE
AD
LIG
HT
EV
ER
GR
EE
N/
DE
CID
UO
US
FL
OW
ER
SE
AS
ON
CO
LO
R
WA
TE
R
MA
INT
EN
AN
CE
TE
XA
S N
AT
IVE
WIL
DL
IFE
DE
ER
RE
SIS
TA
NT
GE
NE
RA
L
CO
MM
EN
TS
Iris, Bearded
Iris albicans
2 1-1-1/2' 3+' Sun E Spring Many M Clean out in
January; divide in
fall
Flowers with stunning blooms
in many colors; spreads
slowly; needs well drained
soil; old cemetery iris is
tougher and tolerates shade
Iris, Butterfly/Bicolor
(African)
Dietes sp
2 4' 2-3' Sun/ part
shade
E Spring to
early
summer
White with
yellow or
purple-
blue
markings
L Prune ragged
foliage; divide
clumps every 3-5
years
Individual flowers last one day;
forms clumps of long, narrow
iris-like foliage
Jerusalem Sage
Phlomis fruticosa
2 2-3' 3' Sun E Summer Yellow L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
Unusual flowers; multi-tiered;
attractive gray green foliage
Lantana
Lantana x hybrida
(many varieties)
2 2' 4' Full sun D Spring to
frost
Yellow M Prune for a natural
look, shaping not
necessary.
May be used as a groundcover;
hummingbird delight; low
maintenance; prolific blooming
Lantana, Trailing
Lantana
montevidensis
2 1' 4' Full
sun/part
shade
D Spring to
Frost
Lavender/
purple,
white
L Prune in late winter
for a natural look,
shaping not
necessary.
May be used as a groundcover;
very tolerant of poor, dry sites;
resistant to lantana lacebugs;
attracts butterfllies
Mexican Honeysuckle
Justicia spicigera
2 2' 4' Sun/part
shade
E Spring to
frost
Orange L Prune back as
needed to
encourage fullness
Hummingbird plant; very tidy,
mounding plant
Mexican Mint Marigold
Tagetes lucida
2 2-1/2' 2' Sun/part
shade
D Fall Yellow/
orange
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ Anise-flavored culinary herb;
spreads over time
Mexican Oregano
Poliomintha longiflora
2 8" 3' Sun E Summer Lavender/
pink
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ Aromatic foliage; brown,
withering flower stays on plant
Pink Skullcap
Scutellaria
suffrutescens
1 8"-1' 2' Sun/part
shade
D Summer Dark pink L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
Low growing; very tidy
mounding plant; attracts small,
nectaring insects
Plumbago
Plumbago auriculata
2 4' 6' Sun/ part
shade
D Summer Sky blue
or white
M Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
Light green foliage; does best
with morning sun and
afternoon shade; attracts
hummingbirds
Primrose, Silverleaf
Oenothera
macrocarpa
1 1-1.5' 3' sun/part
shade
D Spring to
summer
Yellow L Prune to 3" after
first frost browns
leaves
+ Large yellow buttercup-like
flower that close and fade to
pink
Purple Coneflower
Echinacea purpurea
1 2' a.5' Sun/part
shade
D Spring to
summer
Violet or
white
M Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ Daisy-like flowers; native and
hybrid varieties available; good
butterfly plant
Ruellia, Dwarf
Ruellia brittoniana
2 10" 3' Sun/part
shade
D Spring to
summer
Blue/purpl
e to pink
M Prune to 3" after
first frost browns
leaves
Dwarf variety include 'Katie' or
'Bonita'; reseeds profusely
Sage, Cedar
Salvia roemeriana
2 1-2' 3' Shade/pa
rt shade
D Spring to
summer
Red L Prune to 3" after
first frost browns
leaves
+ + Reseeds freely; red bloom
spikes bring color to shady
spots; great for hummingbirds
Sage, Germander
Salvia
chamaedyoides
? 2' L
34
Appendix A Approved Plant List
CO
MM
ON
NA
ME
RA
TIN
G
HE
IGH
T
SP
RE
AD
LIG
HT
EV
ER
GR
EE
N/
DE
CID
UO
US
FL
OW
ER
SE
AS
ON
CO
LO
R
WA
TE
R
MA
INT
EN
AN
CE
TE
XA
S N
AT
IVE
WIL
DL
IFE
DE
ER
RE
SIS
TA
NT
GE
NE
RA
L
CO
MM
EN
TS
Sage, Majestic
Salvia guaranitica
2 4' 5' Sun to
shade
D Spring to
Summer
Blue/
purple
L Prune to 3" after
first frost browns
leaves
+ Reseeds freely; attractive
green foliage and spike
blooms with long florets
Sage, Mealy Blue
Salvia farinacea
1 2' 1-1' Sun to
part
shade
D Spring to
Summer
Light blue
or white
L Prune to a 3" height
after first frost
browns leaves
(perennial).
+ + Reseeds freely; wet conditions
promote lanky growth; best
kept on the dry side; attracts
hummingbirds and some
butterflies
Sage, Mexican Bush
Salvia leucantha
1 4' 4' Sun D Late
summer
to fall
Purple
and white
or solid
purple
L Prune by 1/2 in
May, then to a 3"
height after first
frost
+ Silver-green lance-like foliage;
attractive mounding plant form
if pruned in May; brittle stems
Sage, Penstemon
Big Red Sage
Salvia
penstemonoides
2 3-4' 1-2' Sun to
part
shade
D Summer
to Fall
Reddish
Coral
M Prune by 1/2 in
May, then to a 3"
height after first
frost
+ + Hummingbirds love the tall,
spiked blooms; attractive,
glossy leaves
Sage, Russian
Perovaskia
atriciplifolia
2 3'` 3' Sun D Late
Summer
to Fall
Blue L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves;
remove old bloom
spikes
+ Lacey leaves and blue flowers;
spiky stalks
Sage, Scarlet or
'Tropical' Salvia
coccinea
2 1.5-2' 2' Shade D Late
spring to
fall
Red M Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ + Short-lived perennial; reseeds
profusely; 'Lady in Red' a good
dwarf variety; outstanding
hummingbird plant; attracts
butterflies; small birds eat
seeds
Salvia, Gregg
Salvia greggii
1 2-3' 2-3' Sun/part
shade
E Spring to
frost
Red, pink,
white or
coral
M Cut back by 1/3
after first frost
bowns leaves;
shear back in
spring to encourage
bushiness
+ + 1 " long blooms;
hummingbirds love them; can
get leggy
Shrimp Plant
Justicia brandegeana
2 3' 4' Morning
sun,
afternoon
shade
D Spring to
fall
Copper/
bronze
with white
L Sheer back in
spring to encourage
bushiness, then
leave along
Prefers damp, well-drained
soil; 3-6" long flowers provide
season-long color; great
hummingbird plant
Texas Betony
Stachys coccinea
1 1-1.5' 2-3' Sun to
shade
D Summer
to fall
Coral/red L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ + Constantly blooming
groundcover; nice gray green
foliage
Verbena, Prairie
Verbena bipinnatifida
2 6-12" 2' Sun E Spring to
frost
Lavender L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
Spreading habit; low growing
groundcover with finely cut
leaves; butterflies enjoy
Yarrow
Achillea millefolium
1 1-2' 3' Shade to
sun
E Late
spring
and
summer
White,
yellow,
red, pink
M Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves;
cut off old bloom
stalks
+ Forms solid mat groundcover
with finely-cut, fern-like leaves;
butterflies enjoy nectar
Yarrow, Milfoil
Achillea millefolium
1 2-3' shade Y Late
spring
and
summer
Varied old fashioned favorite, colors
available
Zexmenia
Wedelia texana
1 1-1/2-2' 3' Sun/part
shade
E Spring to
Frost
Orange/
yellow
L Prune top 1/2 at
end of May, and to
a 3" ht. after first
frost browns leaves
+ Reseeds freely; blooms
continuously though not
profusely; use in combination
with other blooming plants
35
Appendix A:
Prohibited Plant List
Certain plant materals are expressly prohibited from introduction into Crystal Falls by homeowners. These materials are either nuisance plants or plants which do not fi t within the native hill country landscape.
Common weeds and invasive plants include but are not limited to:chickweedclovercrabgrassdalligrassdandelionsdiehondragrassburshenbitJohnsongrassoxalispoison ivyroadside astersandburssheep sorrellsmilax briarspurgewinter grasses
Non-native plants include but are not limited to:Trees:
Palm Trees that mature to over 8’ in heightGinkoArizona CypressTypical DogwoodDeodar Cedars
Shrubs:AzeliasEuonomousIndian HawthorneWax Leaf LigustriumRed Tipped PhotineasAmerican HollyArborvitaePitisporumGardeniasForsithia
36
Appendix B:
Exhibit 1 Limestone Column - detail Exhibit 2 Wrought Iron Section - detail Exhibit 3 Wrought Iron Fencing with Limestone Column - detail
37
38
39
40
Crystal Falls ACC 1001 Crystal Falls Parkway
Leander, TX 78641 Phone: 512/260-2066
Fax: 512/260-9043
Recommended