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Last Mile Mobile Solutions:Innovations in Humanitarian Interventions
Presented by Schelda Jean Baptiste
LMMS & Cash Program Support Officer
World Vision International
LMMS Defined Leverages innovative technologies at the last mile of humanitarian
programming - that final transaction area between NGOs and end-beneficiaries.
LMMS project looks to increases the effectiveness, efficiency, andaccountability in humanitarian service delivery through improved remotedata collection, beneficiary management, commodity distribution andreporting processes.
LMMS is designed to make the delivery of humanitarian aid quicker andeasier while enabling greater accountability for the assistance delivered.
LMMS manages various types of data associated with humanitarian service
delivery and it is used during registration as well as
distributions.
WVI global mandate to role out LMMS in all programs which can use thesystem- to replace paper system.
• A beneficiary-registration system developed by WV, which registers
households, tie them to humanitarian interventions and records all
resource transfer transactions at the final delivery point and instantly
generates distribution reports.
• All processes from inception are paperless but electronically
recorded.
• The system was initially developed for food-based projects but is now
being used for cash-based projects as well and is being piloting for
other projects (Shelter, WASH, Livelihood, Education, Health and
Nutrition.
LMMS Defined
Data LMMS Manages
Beneficiaries
Households & Members
One Head Member per Household
Enrolment /Participation
Association of Beneficiaries with Projects
Eligibility for Aid
Project Mgmt
General Distribution
Targeted Feeding
Aid For Work (Cash & Food)
Commodities
Item Catalogue
Inventory by FDP & Project
Commodity Transactions
Distributions
By Project, Date, & FDP
Distribution Plans (Household Rations Calculation)
System Data
Locations, FDP’s, Warehouses
Application Users
LMMS processes
• After the targeting and verification of beneficiary through the agreed
selection criteria, beneficiaries are then selected to be part of the
program.
• Using an Android mobile device our field staff photograph beneficiaries
and record all other relevant household demographics such as name,
location, vulnerability (at household and member level) that makes
them eligible for the assistance, which are then used to improve the
speed and efficiency of distributions. The data gathered can also be
analyzed quickly and used to plan additional assistance, and to
monitor and report on the assistance provided.
LMMS process cont’
• The beneficiary data is sent to the laptop/roaming server using wireless
connection for verification.
• Once enrolled and approved on the system, the beneficiary then receives a
photo identity card with a barcode that is scanned each time there is a
distribution (cash/food/NFI) for verification and calculating accurate
rations in a matter of seconds resulting in fewer errors and duplication.
• Eligible households are enrolled into projects and all their information is
stored on the electronic database.
• Multiple projects can be enrolled without repeat registration.
LMMS process cont’
• Commodity rations / cash allocations are set once per project to
automatically calculate quantities needed for distribution planning
depending on the program.
• During distribution, ID cards are scanned to determine eligibility and
individuals are visually matched using photos on ration cards and in
database.
• Inventory as well as reporting is done in real time. Some of the reports
include the list of beneficiaries that received cash/commodities in detail.
Old Way of Doing Business
Old Way of Doing Business• Complete paper based system of remote data collection and data
management on Humanitarian Projects
• Redundancy in data collection
• Manual efforts to develop and maintain various beneficiary lists
• Manual calculations of ration sizes due at distributions. Errors, Graft.
• Report generation completely manual and extremely labour intensive with implications on timeliness
• Limited methodology of performing beneficiary verification
What’s Changed?
What’s Changed?
• All data collected once on mobile phones/tablets, in digital format, in complete form
• Handle new data types - photo images, geo-spatial mapping, etc
• Automated processes - calculations of rations due, tracking incoming/outgoing stock
• Field workers can roam field distribution sites, connecting via Wi-Fi
• Identify what employee entered what data – processed which beneficiary records
• Photo verification on collection of commodity assets
• Real/Near-Real time updates to data repositories
• Capacity to run queries and generate reports immediately – Master Ben List, Distribution Plans, Planned Ben Distribution Lists & Actual Ben Distribution Reports.
“It is my first time to leave a food distribution before lunch time, in the past we have always left at sunset.” Elderly Food Aid Recipient, Zimbabwe, 2010.
Summary
Manual process requires the re-registration of beneficiaries for new programs, while LMMS
can leverage historic beneficiary lists to automatically register beneficiaries to new programs
LMMS does not require re-registration of beneficiaries for new programs. Major time and
cost savings are realized at the registration phase of the process flow
The Hardware Components
• Laptops:• a.k.a Roaming Servers
• Mobile Units:• CN devices + * NEW * Android devices
• Peripherals:• Mobile charging options, battery packs
• Printer and Cards
• * New * Access Points, Sat Options
Roaming Servers – Islands Unto ..Advantages
• Operates in zero Internet
connectivity.
• Access to data served by the
applications in the field,
dynamically.
• Data is spread out, risk can be
reduced if a single system goes
down.
Disadvantages
• Consolidation efforts can suffer
or made complicated.
• More equipment required – cost
and mgmt of assets.
• Damage to a server that
“roams”.
• Keeping certain common data
consistent - challenging & risky
Catastrophe – System Failures
• Out of power:• Servers in particular
• Mitigation: Power options?
• Mitigation: New 6 or 9 cell batteries
• Connectivity problems:• Registration – can’t connect to (local) server
• Mitigation: temporary ID cards (paper forms – rugged).
• Mitigation: Offline registration capability
• Distribution day – can’t connect to server • Mitigation: PBDLs
• Adequate training for staff to know how to check for IPs and connect.
• Server gets damaged severely or loss• Mitigation: extra equipment?
• Mitigation: Restore from data backups
• Mitigation: Access to remote server (risk mgmt)
• Software problems• Mitigation: follow the recommended setup (e.g. limit other software installations)
• Bug tracking
In the Near Future
Centralized Cloud ServerAdvantages:
• Consolidation.
• Time to set up reduced.
• Ease of mgmt (set up,
backups).
• Lower cost of ownership
(capital expenses
significantly reduced).
• Computing capacity scales.
• Transparency to data.
• Load balancing, Auto
Scaling.
• Data security.
Disadvantages:
• Internet dependency.
• Data security (can be
managed).
Who’s using LMMS:World Vision:
• Kenya
• Uganda
• Ethiopia
• South Sudan
• Sudan
• Burundi
• Malawi
• Zimbabwe
• Lesotho
• Mali
• Niger
• Mauritania
• Niger
• Haiti
• Philippines!!
• Myanmar
• Pakistan
• Chad
Externals:
• Save the Children
• Medair
• Oxfam
• Norwegian Refugee Council
• Deutsche Welthungerhilfe
Salamat Po
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