Lab 01

LAB 01Astronomy 105 Laboratory

Astronomy 105 – Section 29

Astronomy Lab Coordinator Mr. Michaels

Teaching Assistant Andrew Kocurek

Astronomy 105 Lab Policies Seating

6 people to a table (back and ends only facing screen)

Astronomy 105 Labs are not a team effort Everyone works through the lab exercise

individually Come prepared!

Reading assignment(see Indoor Calendar on syllabus)

Quiz at beginning of lab (clicker required) Bring required supplies

Clicker, clear plastic ruler (cm), pencil, calculator, lab manual

Use pencil only, neatness and accuracy important!!

Astronomy 105 Lab Policies Grading

12 labs -- 11 indoor and 1 outdoor lab Lab Average = (Average of Lab Exercises X 0.70) +

(Clicker Average X 0.10) + (Lab Exam X 0.20) Lab Average is 25% of course grade The same grade will be recorded for both lecture & lab.

Absences A grade of zero is recorded for every unexcused

absence. --No makeup labs-- Roll called at beginning of lab -- Don’t be late!

Cell Phone Policy

Cell phones must be turned off in lab No cell phone use of any kind is

allowed (including texting, calculator use, games or leaving class to answer phone …)

Students observed using a cell phone will lose 10 points off their daily lab grade – if a second warning is given the daily grade will be zero.

Ast 105 Web Resources Lab Home Page

Lab Syllabus Night Lab Calendar and Signup Access Lab Grades by CID PowerPoint Slides for Review Lecture Links

Astronomy 105

Outdoor Lab Night-lab Signup Meet at the bus stop a few minutes early

(See signup web page for bus departure time)

If cloudy you will need to signup again Bring your star chart and other supplies.

Channel Setting Instructionsfor ResponseCard XR

1. Press and release the “MENU” button.2. Scroll down to “Change Channel” using the

“Yes” / ”No” buttons and press “Enter”.3. Enter channel number “60” and press “Enter”.4. This Message Appears if successful…

Channel Changed. √

Receiver Found.

CLICKER REGISTRATION

Attendance Check…Are you here? 1. I’m Here2. Nope…Lost in Space

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LAB 01Experimental Measurements

Experimental Measurements

Significant Figures Scientific Notation Experimental Error Pendulum Experiment

Significant Figures

Measured quantities contain uncertainty Physical quantities can never be

measured with absolute precision Only retain figures that contain meaningful

information

How long is the rectangle in centimeters? 4.98 cm

estimated

2 decimal places

How many significant figures? 3

How many millimeters? 49.8 mm

How Many Significant Figures

0.089 2

1.089 4

12000 2

12001 5

300.0 4300.01 5

0.01 10.0105 3

Multiplication and Division

Result should have the same number of significant figures as the least accurate number

4.03 X 2.4 = 9.672 = 9.7

8.55 / 2.399 = 3.56398499375 = 3.56

7.0 X 4.70 = 32.9 = 33

Scientific Notation

3.502 x 106

decimal number (1-9)10 raised to an integer power

Number Significant Figures Scientific Notation

9004 4 9.004 x 103

0.000007 1 7 x 10-6

43 2 4.3 x 101

7,805,000,000 4 7.805 x 109

0.0408 3 4.08 x 10-2

8.4 2 8.4 x 100

To multiply two numbers in scientific notation multiply the decimal parts of the numbers and add the exponents algebraically.

(4.0 x 104)(2.0 x 103) =(4.0 x 2.0)(104 x 103) =(8.0) x (104+3) =8.0 x 107

(6.0 x 102)(2.0 x 105) = 12 x 107 = 1.2 x 108

To divide two numbers in scientific notation, divide the decimal parts of each number then subtract the exponents.

3252

5

2

5

1021021010

24

102104

10646-46-

4

6-

4

1041041041010

28

102108.0

Addition and Subtraction

329.523.030.08325.3+

329.523.030.083

25.3+

329.5

25.3+

0.1rewrite

23.0rewrite

377.9

COMPLETE EXERCISE 1

Experimental Error

Sample data for g (m/s2)9.70 9.95 9.80 9.65 9.90 9.80

2m/s 0.08 6

0 0.10 0.15 0 0.15 0.10

22 m/s 0.08m/s 9.80g

(0.08/9.8) x 100% ≈ 0.8% Accuracy of about 1%

Mean Value - Average of data set is 9.80 m/s2

Mean Absolute Deviation

Accuracy

Pendulum ExperimentFinding the acceleration due to gravity

Data TableTime for 15 Oscillations

(sec)

Period (T)Time for

1 Oscillation (sec)

g(m/s2)

1

2

3

4

5

Using data for g find… mean value mean absolute deviation accuracy

2

2

TLπ4g

LL – length of pendulum in meters

T – time for one oscillation

COMPLETE EXERCISE 2

END

Lab Date Lab Exercise Page

--- Jan. 19 – Jan. 20 No Labs ---

1 Jan. 24 – Jan. 27 Experimental Measurements 1

2 Jan. 31 – Feb. 03 Constellations - Star Charts 9

3 Feb. 07 – Feb. 10 The Moon 19

4 Feb. 14 – Feb. 17 Mercury’s Orbit 23

5 Feb. 21 – Feb. 24 Emission Spectra 31

6 Feb. 28 – Mar. 03 The Earth's Orbital Velocity 37

7 Mar. 07 – Mar. 10 The HR Diagram 41

--- Mar. 14 – Mar. 17 Spring Break – No Labs This Week ---

8 Mar. 21 – Mar. 24 Distance to the Pleiades 49

9 Mar. 28 – Mar. 31 Ages and Distances of Clusters 57

10 Apr. 04 – Apr. 07 Hubble’s Law 63

11 Apr. 11 – Apr. 14 The Rotation of Saturn/Lab Exam Review 71

--- Apr. 18 – Apr. 21 Easter Holiday – No Labs This Week ---

--- Apr. 26 – Apr. 28 Lab Exam ---

--- **May 02 **Lab Exam for Monday Sections ---

What is your current location? 1. Math-Nursing 1012. International Space Station3. Wolf 3594. Miller Science 3185. Pluto

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Clicker Registration1. Press the [1/A] Key2. Press the [Pencil]

Key3. Enter your CID4. Verify the accuracy5. Press [Enter] Key