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1IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
2 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
Printed & Published by Smt. Sarada Muraleedharan (Executive Director, Kudumbashree Mission)
Support & Guidance P Manoharan (Director, Kudumbashree Mission)
N Jagajeevan (Programme Officer, Training)
Editor P Veena (PRO and Programme Officer Documentation, Kudumbashree)
Editorial Assistant S Jayalekshmi (Kudumbashree)
Co- ordinated by E K Somasekharan (ADMC, Kannur)
N Krishnankutty Nair ( Resource Person)
Jayan Pookkad (EKSAT)
Kavitha Martin (Resource Person)
K Harikumar (OSS, Training)
B Deepa (Documentation Assistant)
J U Nishitha (Data Analyst)
Photos A J Joji
Printed in 2011
Design & Layout Communique Advertising + Media, Trivandrum
IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
`
3IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
1998Â Bcw`w Ipdn¨ IpSpw_{io C¶v 40 e£t¯mfw AwKkwJybpÅ iàamb Hcp kv{XoimàoIcW
{]Øm\ambn hfÀ¶ncn¡pIbmWv. Hcp eLpk¼mZy kwhn[m\w F¶ ØnXnbn \n¶v eLp kwcw`§Ä
Bcw`n¡p¶Xn\v klmbn¡p¶ kwhn[m\w F¶ AhØbnte¡pÅ amäw Bbnc¡W¡n\v kv{XoIÄ¡v
hcpam\ZmbIamb sXmgn e`n¡m³ ImcWambn«p≠ v.
Cu eLp ]pkvXIw IpSpw_{iobpsS ktµiw kwØm\¯n\I¯pw ]pd¯pw IqSpXÂ P\
hn`mK§fntes¡¯n¡psa¶v F\n¡pd¸mWv. IpSpw_{iosb IqSpX a\Ênem¡p¶Xn\pw
{]hÀ¯\§Ä¡v IqSpX ]n´pW In«p¶Xn\pw CXv klmbIamIpw. XpS¡w apX¡p Xs¶ IpSpw_
{iobpambn _Ôs¸«p hcp¶ Rm³ IpSpw_{io A\p`hw tZiob Xe¯n {]Ncn¡p¶Xn Gsd
kt´mjn¡p¶p.
]msemfn apl½ZvIp«n_lp: Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW hIp¸v a{´n
ktµiw
25.01.2011
4 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
Hcp hymgh«¡mew ]n¶nSpt¼mÄ tIcf kaql¯nsâ hnIk\¯n\pÅ D]IcWw F¶
\nebn IpSpw_{iobv¡v C¶v AXpeyamb ]ZhnbmWv AhImis¸Sm\pÅXv. P\Iobmkq{XW ]cn]mSn¡v H¸w
Zmcn{ZyeLqIcW¯n\v ]p¯³ am\w \ÂIns¡m ≠mWv IpSpw_{io Bcw`n¨Xv. ]{´ ≠v hÀjw ]n¶n-Spt¼mÄ
IpSpw_{iobpsS ZÀi\¯n ImXemb amäw kw`hn¨ncn¡p¶p. B\pIqey§Ä¡mbn Im¯ncn¡p¶ kzbwklmb
{]Øm\aà IpSpw_{io. {]mtZinI hnIk\ taJebn Hgnhm¡m\mIm¯ CSs]S iànbmbn amdnbtXmsS
IpSpw_{io imàoIcW¯nsâ {]XoIw F¶ ]Zhnbv¡v AÀlX t\Snbncn¡p¶p.
IpSpw_{io kwLS\mkwhn[m\w IqSpXÂ P\m[n]Xy]chpw Icp¯päXpw B¡n amäp¶Xn\v C¡gnª
ImeL«¯n Ignªn«p≠ v. 37 e£w AwK§Ä DÅ _rl¯mb {]Øm\¯n\pÅn kpXmcyXbpw P\m[n]Xyhpw
D d∏m¡p¶Xn\v ImXemb Nne amä§Ä A\nhmcyambncp¶p. AXn\memWv IpSpw_{iobpsS {XnXe kwLS
\mkwhn[m\¯nsâ sI«pd¸v Dd¸m¡¯¡hn[¯n ss_tem ]cnjvIcn¡pIbpw AXn\\pkrXambn apgph³
Ab¡q« AwK§sfbpw ]s¦Sp¸n¨psIm≠ v kwLS\m sXcsªSp¸v \S¯pIbpw sNbvXXv. Hmtcm knUnFknepw
B£³ ¹m³ cq]oIcn¨v {]hÀ¯\§Ä \S¯phm³ Ignªp.
tZiob sXmgnepd¸p ]²XnbpsS A]qÀh amXrIIÄ kwØm\¯v krjvSn¡p¶Xn IpSpw_{io henb ]¦mWp
hln¨Xv. tImgnt¡mSv PnÃbnse t]cm{¼bn 170 G¡À Irjn`qanbv¡v ho≠ pw Poh³ \ÂIm³ AhnSps¯
Bbnct¯mfw IpSpw_{io {]hÀ¯IÀ¡p Ignªncn¡p¶p. Xncph\´]pcw PnÃbnse Acphn¡c Pekw`cWnbnÂ
\n¶pw aW \o¡p¶ {]hÀ¯\w \½psS kv{XoIÄ ^e{]Zambn GsäSp¯ncn¡p¶p. Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀP\w,
`£ykpc£, ]cnØnXn kwc£Ww, {]mtZinI km¼¯nI hnIk\w, kv{Xo imàoIc-Ww, Poht\m-
]m[n XpS§nb FÃm {][m\ taJeIfnepw IpSpw_{io kv{Xo ]¦mfn¯w Dd¸m¡p¶p.
PmXnaX I£ncmjv{Sob§Ä¡XoXamb kv{XoimàoIcW¯n\v IpSpw_{io A\p]a amXrIbmWv. kv{XoIÄ¡v
sXmgnepw hcpam\hpw Dd¸m¡p¶XneqsS IpSpw_{io km[yam¡nbXv km¼¯nIimàoIcWamWv.FÃm PnÃIfnepw
IpSpw_{iobv¡v FSp¯p ]dbm³ t\«§Ä Gsdbp≠ v. tI{µm-hn-jvIrX ]-²-Xn-bmb F³.BÀ.-FÂ.-F-½n\v IpSpw-_
{io amXrI-bm-bXpw F³.-BÀ.-FÂ.-F-½nsâ kwØm-\-Xe \S-¯n¸v Npa-Xe IpSpw-_-{iobv¡v e`y-am-bXpw A`n-am-\n-¡m-
hp¶ t\«-§-fn {]ap-J-amWv.
hnI-k\ NÀ¨-I-fn IpSpw-_-{iosb amän-\nÀ¯p-hm³ C¶p Ign-bn-Ã. Hcp-a-tbmsSbpw \nÝ-b-ZmÀVy-t¯m-sSbpw Bi-b-
hy-à-X-tbm-sSbpw {]hÀ¯n-¨-XpsIm≠ v am-{X-amWv imào-I-c-W-¯nsâ ]p¯³ Xe-§-fn F¯m³ IpSpw-_-{iobv¡v
km[n-¨-Xv. AXp-sIm≠- p-Xs¶ CXp-h-sc-bpÅ IpSpw-_-{io-bpsS t\«-§-f-S-§nb Cu eLp]pkvXIw {]kn-²o-I-cn-t¡≠
Bh-iy-IX hyà-am-Wv. hmb-\bv¡pw NÀ¨bv¡pw "IpSpw-_-{iobneqsS' F¶ eLp-]p-kvXIw Gsd klm-b-I-am-Ipw.
imcZmapcfo[c³FIvknIyp«ohv UbdIvSÀ, IpSpw_{io anj³
BapJw
5IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
anj³ {]kvXm-h\
""Xt±i kzbw-`-cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n kmaqly
]¦m-fn-¯-t¯msS e`y-amb hn`-h-§-tfbpw tkh-\-§-tfbpw
Bh-iym-[n-jvTn-X-ambn ka-\z-bn-¸n-¨p-sIm ≠pw Ab¡q«
kwhn-[m-\-¯n-eqsS GtIm-]n-¸n-¨p-sIm≠ pw km¼-¯n-I-ambn
]nt¶m¡w \n¡p¶ kv{XoI-fpsS kmaq-lym-[n-jvTnX
kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-¯n-eqsS, Zmcn-{Zy-¯nsâ hnhn[
{]-ISn-X-cq-]-§-sfbpw `mh-§-sfbpw CÃmbva sNbvXp
sIm≠ pw kwØm-\s¯ tIhe Zmcn{Zyw
]qÀ®-ambn \nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿p-I.''
6 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
A\o-Xn-Isf Xpd-¶q-Im-«p-¶-Xn-\pw FXnÀ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ
Icp¯v t\Sp-Ibpw thWw. CXn-\mbn Bcw-`n¨ kv{Xo]Zhn
kzbw-]-T\ ]cn-]mSn IpSpw-_{io {]hÀ¯-\-¯n Hcp
]pXnb A²ymbw Xpd-¡p-sa-¶-Xn kwi-b-an-Ã. 2004-tem-Sp-
IqSn IpSpw-_-{io-bpsS kmaq-lnI hnI-k\ kanXn (knUn-
Fkv) kwhn-[m\w FÃm Xt±i kzbw`c-W-{]-tZ-i-§-
fnte¡pw hym]n-¨n-cp-¶p. kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\s¯ IqSp-XÂ
hn]q-eo-I-cn-¡pIbpw Imcy-£-a-am-¡p-I-bp-am-bn-cp¶p ASp¯
e£yw. CXn-\mbn knUnFkv \nb-am-hen ]cn-jv¡-cn-¨p. c≠ v
{][m-\-s¸« e£y-§-tfm-sS-bm-bn-cp¶p CXv.
* kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w ]mh-s¸-«-hÀ¡pw ]mÀiz-h-XvI-cn-¡-
s¸-«-hÀ¡pw th≠ n kzX-{´-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-I.
* kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-¯n-eqsS `c-W-]-c-amb Imcy-§fnÂ
{Inbm-ß-I-ambn CS-s]-Sp-I. AXp-hgn Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW
Øm]-\-§fpsS Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v
B¡w Iq«p-I.
CXnsâ `mK-ambn ]cn-jv¡-cn¨ \nb-am-h-en-bpsS km[y-X-
Isf¡pdn¨v IpSpw-_{io kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-§-fnepw
]pd¯pw ià-amb {]N-cWw kwL-Sn-¸n-¨p. IpSpw-_{io
kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\s¯ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw P\m-[n-]Xy
coXn-bn IpSpw-_{io kwL-S\m {]hÀ¯-\s¯ cq]m-´-c-
s¸-Sp-¯m\pw Ign-ªp. knUn-Fkv IÀ½]²Xn hgn
]mh-s¸-«-h-cpsS hnI-k\ Bh-iy-§sf
t{ImUo-I-cn-¡p-hm\pw Xt±-i-kz-bw-
`-cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-
\-§-fp-ambn kwtbm-Pn¸n-¡p-
hm\pw Ign-ªp. IpSpw-_{io
kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w ]pXnb
Ah-k-c-§-tfmSpw {]Xn-k-Ôn-I-
tfmSpw hfsc {Inbm-ß-I-ambn {]
Xn-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXp-hgn hfsc
Bim-h-l-amb ^e-§Ä t\Sp-Ibpw
sNbvXXv -XoÀ¯pw A`n-am-\-I-c-amb
Imcy-am-Wv.
Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ-\-¯n-\mbn 1998-þ tIcf kÀ¡mÀ Xt±-i-kz-bw-`cW hIp¸n\p Iogn Bcw-`n¨ IpSpw-_{io C¶v cmPys¯ Gähpw henb kv{XoIfpsS kmaqly kwL-
S\m kwhn-[m-\-amWv.
37 e£w AwK-§-fpÅ IpSpw-_-{io- C¶v tIc-f-¯nse A¼Xv
iX-am\¯n A[nIw hcp¶ IpSpw-_-§-fnse kPoh km¶n-
²y-am-Wv. eLp-k-¼mZyw, sNdp-InS kwcw-`w, kwL-Irjn
F¶n-h-bn-eqsS cq]-s¸-Sp-¯nb IpSpw-_{io {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä
]mÀiz-h-XvI-cn-¡-s¸« kv{Xokaq-l-¯nsâ ASn-Øm\ {]
iv\-§Ä ]cn-l-cn-¡m\pw AXp-hgn AhÀ¡v Bßm-`n-am-\-
t¯msS Pohn-¡m-\papÅ Ah-kcw \ÂIn.2006-þ10 hsc-bpÅ
Ime-L«w IpSpw-_{io {]hÀ¯-\-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw
kp{]-[m-\-am-Wv. hcp-am\ZmbI {]hÀ¯-\-§sf IqSp-XÂ
hn]p-eo-I-cn-¡p-hm\pw IpSpw-_{io DXv]-¶-§-fpsS hn]Wn
sshhn-²y-h-XvI-cn-¡m\pw \mfn-Xp-hsc \S¶ {]hÀ¯-\-§sf
sI«p-d-¸p-Å-Xm-¡m\pw Cu Ime-L-«-¯nse {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä
klm-bn-¨p. Cu amä-§-fpsS ^e-ambn {XnXe kwL-S\m
kwhn-[m-\-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\w Ah-Im-im-[n-jvTn-X- ssien-bn-
te¡v cq]m-´-c-s¸-«p Ign-ªp. km¼-¯nI kmaq-ly imào-I-
cW {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pw hyh-Øm-
]n-X-am-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Cu amäw A\n-hm-cy-amWv.
km¼-¯nI imào-I-cW {]hÀ¯-
\§Ä kpØn-c-am-¡p-
¶-Xn\v kv{XoI-fpsS
Ah-Im-i-§Ä
Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶-
Xn\pw tNmZn-
¨p-hm-§p-¶-Xn
\pw Ign-b-Ww.
hnth-N-\§Ä
Xncn-¨-dn-bp-
¶-Xn\pw
hnI-k-\-¯nsâ \mÄh-gn-I-fn IpSpw-_{io
7IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
1998 sabv 17 \v IpSpw_{io anj³ \nehnÂh¶p.
12 hÀjs¯ imàoIcWw
37.8 e£w kv{XoIÄ AWntNÀ¶ h\nXm {]Øm\w.2.05 e£w Ab¡q-«-§Ä.
{KmaoW \K-c-{]-tZ-i-§-fn-embn 17,578 Gcnb sUh-e-]vsaâ v skmssk-än-Ifpw 1,061 I½yq-Wnän sUh-e-]vsaâ v skmssk-än-Ifpw \ne-hn-ep≠v.
IpSpw_{iobpsS Ab¡q«§fnse k¼mZyþhmbv]m ]²Xn{]Imcw CXnt\mSIw 1,688 tImSn cq]bpsS eLpk¼mZyhpw 4,195 tImSn cq]bpsS eLphmbv]m hnXcWhpw \S¶p.
1,50,755 Ab¡q«§sf _m¦pIfpambn _Ôn¸n¡pIbpw AXn 1,27,467 Ab ¡q«§Ä¡v _m¦phmbv]bmbn 1,140 tImSn cq] e`yam¡pIbpw sNbvXp.
\Kc{]tZi§fn 25,050 hyànKXkwcw`§fpw 1,757 {Kq¸pkwcw`§fpw Bcw`n¨p.
{Kma{]tZi§fn 3,516 hyànKXkwcw`§fpw 10,620 {Kq¸pkwcw`§fpw Bcw`n¨p.
46,444 {K¸p-Ifn-embn 2,32,200 t]cmWv kwLIrjnbn ]¦mfnIfmbXv.
32,016 tPmbnâ v eb-_n-enän {Kq¸v cq]o-I-cn-¨p.
17 ka{K t{]mP-IvSp-I-fn-embn 32,121 h\n-X-IÄ sXmgnen GÀs¸-«p.
bph{io ]²Xn{]Imcw 570 {Kq¸pkwcw`§fpw 810 hyànKX kwcw`§fpw Bcw`n¨p.
8 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kÀ¡mÀ AÀ²-kÀ¡mÀ hIp-¸p-I-fnse tUäm F³{Sn tPmen-IÄ IpSpw-_{io sF.Sn bqWn-äp-IÄ Gsä-Sp¯p sNbvXp hcp-¶p. CXn-eqsS GI-tZiw 2500 h\n-X-IÄ¡mWv sXmgnepw hcp-am-\hpw e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xv.
909 Xt±-i-`-cWØm]-\-§-fn-embn 71,011 IpSpw_§sf Is≠¯n AKXn ]p\c[nhmk ]²Xnbmb "B{ib'bn DÄs¸Sp¯n.
`h\{io `h\hmbv]m ]²Xn{]Imcw {Kma{]tZi§fnse \nÀ[\ IpSpw_§Ä¡mbn 44,556 hoSpIÄ \nÀ½n¨p. (k_vknUnbnÃmsX)
\Kc{]tZi§fnse amen\y \nÀ½mÀÖ\¯n\mbn sXfna F¶ t]cn 248 kwcw`I kwL§Ä cq]oIcn¡s¸«p.
Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]\§fpsS t\XrXz¯n imcocnIþam\knI shÃphnfnIÄ t\cnSp¶ Ip«nIÄ¡mbn hnZym`ymkhIp-¸nsâ AwKo-Im-ct¯msS 31 _Uvkv kvs]jy kvIqfpIÄ Bcw`n¨p.
\Kcþ{Kma{]tZi§fnse 8.9 e£w Ip«nIsf I®ntNÀ¯v 54,669 _mek`IÄ cq]oIcn¨p.
{]tXyI ss{S_ ]²-Xn-bp-sS `mKambn 55,959 ss{S_ IpSpw-_-§-fn-eqsS 3.998 Ab¡q-«-§-Ä cq]oIcn¨p.
kv{Xo]-Zhn kzbw ]T-\-{]-{InbbpsS `mK-ambn 50,220 dntkmgvkvt]g-v-k¬amcpsS irwJe kÖo-I-cn¨p. A-b¡q-«-X-e-¯n hnhn-[-hn-j-b-§Ä NÀ¨-sN-¿p-¶-Xn\v {io iàn t]mÀ«Â Bcw-`n-¨p. amk-¨-´-I-fn-eq-sSbpw taf-I-fn-eq-sSbpw e`y-amb hnäp-h-c-hvþ23.23 tImSn
2010 \S¶ s]mXp-sX-c-ª-Sp-¸n aÕ-cn¨ 11,773 IpSpw-_{io {]hÀ¯-I-cn 5485 t]À P\-{]-Xn-\n-I-fm-bn.
tI{µm-hn-jvIrX ]²-Xn-bmb F³.-BÀ.-FÂ.-F-½n\v IpSpw-_{io amXr-I.
9IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
km¼-¯nI þ kmaqly imào-I-cW {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v
^e-{]-Z-ambn t\XrXzw sImSp-¡m³ Ign-bp¶ Xc-¯nÂ
IpSpw-_{io kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\s¯ IqSp-XÂ ASp-¡pw
Nn«-bpw D¯-c-hm-ZnXz-]qÀ®-hp-am¡n amäp-¶-Xn\v klm-b-
I-c-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fmWv Ignª 4 hÀj-ambn \S-¯n-
h-cp-¶-Xv.
2006 Unkw-_À þ 2007 P\p-hcnbn apgp-h³ {Kma-]-©m-
b¯v / \K-c-k`m P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-IÄ¡pw knUn-Fkv `mc-
hm-ln-IÄ¡pw kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-
Xn-\pÅ {]tXyI ]cn-io-e-\w kwL-Sn-¸n¨p.
2007 þ 08 IpSpw-_{io {XnXe kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\§-fpsS
[\ hn\n-tbmKw Nn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw HmUn-änw-Kn\p-ambn
IpSpw-_{io HmUnänwKv & A¡u≠- nwKv skmssk-än-I-sf
hn]p-eo-Icn-¨p.
kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\w2007- þ 08  ]«nI PmXn/]«nI hÀ¤-P\hn`m-K-§-fpsS
]¦m-fn¯w hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]tXyI {]hÀ¯-\-
]cn-]mSn kwL-Sn-¸n-¨p.
IpSpw-_{io {XnXe kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-§fpsS sI«p-d¸v
Dd-¸m-¡p¶ hn[w ss_tem ]cn-jvIcn-¨p.
knUn-F-kp-I-fpsS {]hÀ¯\w Imcy-£-a-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v
`c-W-\nÀÆ-lW {Kmâ v 2008 þ 09 apXÂ e`y-am¡n XpS§n.
2009 þ 10 apXÂ Htcm PnÃ-bn-sebpw anI¨ 5 knUn-F-kp-
IÄ¡v 50,000/þ cq] hoXw {]tXyI klmbw \ÂIp-¶-Xn\v
Xocp-am-\n-¨n-«p≠- v.
10 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ-\-¯n\pw kv{Xoim-ào-I-c-W-¯n\pw tIc-f-¯nsâ khn-tij kw`m-h-\-bmWv IpSpw-_-{io. Cu cwK¯v IpSpw-_{io anj³ hnhn[
]²-Xn-IÄ Bhn-jvI-cn-¨n-«p≠ v. kv{XoI-fpsS k¼m-Zy-
ioew hfÀ¯p-¶-Xn\pw kq£va-kw-cw-`-§Ä hnP-b-I-
c-ambn \S¯n hcp-am\w hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw anj³
km¼-¯nI klm-bhpw ]cn-io-e-\hpw \ÂIn hcp-¶p.
anX-hybk¼m-Zy-hmbv]m ]cn-]m-Sn-bn-eqsS 1688 tImSn
cq] \nt£-]-ambn kam-l-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXn \n¶pw
4195 tImSn cq] AwK-§Ä¡v hmbv]-bmbn \ÂIpIbpw
sNbvXp. IqSmsX eLp-k-¼m-Zys¯ aqe-[\-\n-t£]
am¡n amän-s¡m≠ v Ab¡q-«-§sf eLp-kw-cw-`-§-fn GÀs¸-Sp-¶-Xn\v t{]Õmln-¸n-¡-¯¡hn[-¯nÂ
km¼-¯nI imào-I-cWw
_m¦v ent¦Pv t{]m{Km-an-eqsS 1140 tImSn cq] Ab¡q-
«-§Ä¡v e`y-am-¡n. A[nI hcp-am\w krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m
bn Ab¡q-«-§Ä sNdpXpw hep-Xp-ambn ]Xn-\m-bn-c-¡-
W-¡n\v sNdp-kw-cw-`-§Ä hnP-b-I-c-ambn kwØm-\¯v
\S¯n-h-cp-¶p. Cu kwcw-`-§-fn sF. Sn , tlm«-ep-IÄ,
]cn-ØnXn kulmÀ± D¸-¶-§Ä, `£y-h-kvXp-¡Ä,
sdUn-sabvUv hkv{X-§Ä, t\m«p-_p-¡p-IÄ, IpS, sNcp-
¸ v, _mKpIÄ, Ic-Iu-ie hkvXp-¡Ä, ]m D¸-¶-§Ä,
B`-c-W-§Ä, ^ÀWn-¨À XpS§n \qän ap¸-tXmfw sshhn-
[y-amÀ¶ D¸-¶-§Ä DÄs¸-Sp-¶p. CXn\p ]pdsa
ImÀjnItaJ-e-bn lcn-X{io F¶ t]cn `qan ]m«-¯n-
s\-Sp¯v ]¨-¡-dn , s\Ãv, ^e-hÀ¤-§Ä, Ae-¦m-c-]p-jv]-
§Ä, Iq¬ F¶nh D¸m-Zn-¸n¨ v hn]-W\w sN¿p-¶p.
11IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
XpS¡¯n k¼mZy hmbv]m cwKs¯ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn am{Xw ]cn-an-X-s¸-«n-cp¶ IpSpw-_{io, Ignª \mev hÀj-§-fmbn kwL-S-\m-kw-hn-[m-\s¯
hcp-am-\m-[n-jvTnX sXmgn cwK-§-fn-te¡v hn]p-e-s¸-
Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fnemWv GÀs¸-«ncn¡p-
¶-Xv. D¸m-Z-\-s¯bpw hn]-W-\-s¯bpw ]c-kv]cw
_Ôn-¸n¨ v IqSp-X kwcw-`-§Ä Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS
\mfn-Xp-hsc \S¶ km¼-¯nI imào-I-cW {]hÀ¯-
\-§Ä¡v ]pXnb Znim-t_m-[hpw amä-hpw \ÂIp-I-bm-
Wnt¸mÄ IpSpw-_-{io.
Znim amäw
IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\hpw km¼-¯nI
£a-Xbpw hne-bn-cp-¯p-¶-Xn\v 2006þÂ \S-¯nb {]
tXyI AhØm ]T\w, IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-§Ä A`n-ap-
Jo-I-cn-¡p¶ \nc-h[n {]iv\-§-fn-tebv¡pw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fn-
tebv¡pw hnc Nq ≠n . hn]-Wn-bpsS A`m-hw, Akw-
kvIrX hkvXp-¡-fpsS A]-cym-] vX-X, D¸-¶-§-fpsS
KpW-\n-e-hmc Ipd-h v, aqey \nÀ®b¯nse Aim-kv{Xo-
b-X, \qX\ kmt¦-XnI hnZy-I-fpsS A`m-hw, hmbv]m
e`yX XpS-§nb t]mcmbva-IfmWv ]T\¯neqsS Is -≠ ¯n-b-Xv.
{]tXyI AhØm ]T\w
12 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kn F^v kn kwcw-`-§Ä, KpW-\n-e-hmcw Dd-¸p-h-cp-
¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {Iao-I-c-W-§Ä, kmt¦-XnI
]n´pWm-kwhn-[m-\-§Ä, hn]Wn hnI-k-\w F¶n-h-
bv¡pÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä \S-¸n-em-¡n.
IpSpw-_{io D¸-¶-§-fpsS ]mbv¡nw-Kv, {_mânw-Kv,
amÀ¡-änw-Kv F¶o {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v DbÀ¶ tXmXn-
epÅ s{]m^-j-WÂ ]n´pW e`y-am-¡n.
IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-I-cpsS/KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS
]cn-io-e\ Bh-iy-§Ä \nÀ®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Xn«-s¸-
Sp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw DÅ LS-I-§Ä kn.-Un.-Fkv B£³
¹m\n DÄs¸-Sp-¯n.
DÂ]m-Z\w apX hn]-W\w hsc-bpÅ LS-I-§Ä
Dd-¸p-h-cp¯n "ka{K' ]²-Xn-IÄ¡v cq]w \ÂIn.
IpSpw-_{io D¸-¶-§-fpsS Ømbn-bmb hn]-W\
irwJem cq]o-I-c-W-¯nsâ `mK-ambn amk-N-´-IÄ,
{]tXyI DÕ-h-N-´-IÄ, hn]-W\ tI{µ-§Ä F¶nh
Bcw-`n-¨p.
sXmgn km[y-X-Ifpw Bh-iy-§fpw imkv{Xobhpw
hyh-Øm-]n-X-hp-amb coXn-bn Xn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pw
{]mtZ-inI sXmgnÂþ hnI-k\ Bh-iy-§Ä a\pjy
hn`-h-ti-jn¡v A\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn-Â {]tbm-P-
\-s¸-Sp-¯m³ {]tXyI D]-Po-h\ hnI-k\ ]²-Xn-IÄ
Bhn-jvI-cn¨p.
Sqdnkw taJ-e-bn sXmgn km[y-X-IÄ {]tbm-P-\-
s¸-Sp¯p¶-Xn\v D¯-c-hm-ZnXz Sqdnkw ]²-Xn-bp-ambn
_Ô-s¸-Sp¯n {]tXyI kwcw-`-§Ä¡v cq]w \ÂIn.
\ne-hn-epÅ ]²-Xn- hyh-Ø-I-fpw am\-Z-WvU-§fpw
IqSp-XÂ KpW-t`màr kulrZ]c-ambn ]cn-jvI-cn-¨p.
CS-s]-S-ep-IÄ
13IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
18þ\pw 50þ\pw at[y {]mbapÅ IpSpw_{io Ab¡p«
AwK-§Ä¡pÅ hcpam\ZmbI ]²XnbmWnXv. hyànKX
kwcw`§fpw {Kq¸v kwcw`§fpw BWv Cu ]²Xnbn³
Iogn Bcw`n¨ncn-¡p-¶Xv. {Kma{]tZi§fn 3,516
hyànKXkwcw`§fpw 10,620 {Kq¸pkwcw`§fpw
Bcw`n¨p.
14136 {KmaoW kzbw sXmgn kwcw`§Ä
14 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
bph{io ]²XnkwØm\s¯ 18-þ45 hbÊn\pw at²ybpÅ
A`ykvXhnZycmb bphXobphm¡fpsS sXmgnenÃmbva ]
cnlcn¡p¶Xn\v e£yan«pÅ ]²-Xn-bmWv bph{io. kzbw
sXmgnÂkwcw`§fn GÀs¸Sp¶Xn\pw CXn\\ptbmPy-
amb ]pXnb Bib§Ä Is ≠¯n AXv
\S¸nem¡p¶Xn\mhiyamb ]cnioe\w, hmbv],
k_vknUn F¶nhbpw Cu ]²Xn {]Imcw \ÂIp-¶p.
sSIvt\mfPn ^≠ vIpSpw_{io kwhn[m\¯neqsS Bcw`n¡p¶ \qX\
kwcw`§Ä¡v A\ptbmPyamb ]pXnb kmt¦-XnI
hnZy KthjWØm]\§fn \n¶pw bqWnthgvÌnI
fn \n¶pw aäv Kh¬saânXc GP³knIfnÂ
\n¶pw IcØam¡p¶Xn\mWv sSIvt\mfPn ^ ≠ v
\ÂInhcp¶Xv. {]hÀ¯\£-a-amb kwcw-`-§fpsS
hnI-k-\-¯n-\pw hn]p-eo-I-c-W-¯n\pw klm-b-I-amb
kmt¦-XnI hnZytbm, b{´ kwhn-[m-\-§-tfm, A\p-_Ô
D]-I-c-W-§tfm hm§p-¶-Xn-\pÅ [\-k-lm-bhpw \ÂIn
hcp-¶p.
C¶thj³ ^≠ v\qX\ kwcw` Bi-b-§Ä, \qX\ kmt¦-XnI hnZy,
b{´ kma-{Kn-IÄ F¶nh D]-tbm-Kn¨ v kwcw-`-§Ä Bcw-
`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ klm-b-[\am-Wn-Xv. {]hÀ¯\ -£-aamb
kwcw-`-§-Ä B[p-\nIhXvI-cn¨ v ]cn-jvI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw
CXn-eqsS [\-k-lmbw e`n¡pw.
dnthmÄhnwKv ^≠ v_m¦v hmbv] {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp¯n Bcw-`n¨ v Bdv amkw
]qÀ¯n-bm-¡nb kwcw-`-§Ä¡v t{]mPIvS v XpI-bpsS 10%
AsÃ-¦n 25000/þ cq] GXmtWm Ipdhv B XpI
dnthmÄhnwKv ^ ≠mbn \ÂIp-¶p.
15IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
c ≠mw L« [\-k-lm-bwAb¡q« AwK-§-fpsS \ne-hn-ep-f-f kwcw-`-§Ä hn]p-e-
s¸-Sp-¯p-hmt\m \ne-hn-ep-Åh ]p\:]cn-tim-[-\bv¡v hnt[-
b-am¡n ]pXnb {]hÀ¯\ taJ-e-bn-te¡v amäp-¶-Xnt\m
th ≠n-bpÅ [\-k-lm-b-am-Wn-Xv.
ss{Iknkv amt\-Pvsaâ v ^≠ vA{]-Xo-£n-X-ambn D≠ m-Ip¶ km¼-¯nI {]Xn-k-Ôn-
bn \n¶v kwcw-`-Isc Ic Ib-äp-¶-Xn-\p-th ≠n
\ÂIp¶ ]en-i-c-lnX hmbv]-bmWv ss{Iknkv amt\-Pv
saâ v ^≠ v. DÂ]-¶-§Ä h³ tXmXn hm§p¶ D]
t`màm-¡-fn \n¶pw AXnsâ hne bYm-k-abw e`n-
¡m-¯-Xp-aq-e-ap≠- mb km¼-¯nI {]Xn-kÔn t\cn-Sp¶
kwcw-`-IÀ¡pw s]s«¶v e`n¨ HmUÀaqew DÂ]m-Z\w
h³tXm-Xn DbÀ¯p-¶Xp aqe-apÅ km¼-¯nI
{]Xn-kÔn t\cn-Sp¶ kwcw-`-IÀ¡pw Cu ^ ≠nÂ
\n¶pw [\-k-lmbw \ÂIp-¶p-.
bqWn-äp-I-fpsS ¢Ì-dnw-Kpw s\äv hÀ¡nwKpwkam\ kz`mhapÅ kwcw-`-§sf GtIm]n¸n¡p¶-Xn-
\pw DÂ]¶§Ä¡v KpW\nehmcw Dd¸phcp¯p¶Xn\p
apÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fmWv ¢Ì-dnw-Kv, s\ävhÀ¡nwKneqsS
\S-¯n-h-cp-¶-Xv. kwcw`§fpsS Dev]mZ\£aXbpw
Imcytijnbpw hÀ²n¸n¡p¶Xn\pw CXn-eqsS km[n-¡p-¶p-.
FÂ-CUn cPn-ÌÀXt±-i-`-cW Xe-¯n \S-¸n-em-¡m³ Ignbp¶ hnhn[
kwcw` Bi-b-§Ä, km[y-X-IÄ F¶nhsb ASnØm\
am¡nbmWv sXmgn kwcw` km[yXm cPn-Ì-dp-IÄ cq]-
s¸-Sp-¯p-¶X.v Ab¡q-«w, FUn-Fkv, knUn-Fkv kwhn-
[m-\-§-fpsS klm-b-t¯m-sSbpw Xt±-i-`-cW Øm]-\-§-
fpsS t\Xr-Xz¯nep-amWv CXv \S-¸m-¡p-I.
16 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kvs]jy ssehv-en-lpUv t{]m{KmwHcp {]tZ-is¯ km¼-¯nIambn ]nt¶m¡w \n¡p¶
P\-hn-`m-K-§-fpsS sXmgnÂ, sshZ-Kv²yw, e`y-amb sXmgnÂ
Zn\-§Ä F¶nhbpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯n-epw {]mtZ-inI Bh-
iya\p-k-cn-¨papÅ kwcw-`-§Ä, tkh\§Ä F¶nh
Is≠ ̄ n aäv hyh-kmb þ hym]mcþ tkh\ þ taJ-e-I
fnse sXmgn km[yXbpambn _Ô-s¸-Sp¯p¶-Xn-\pÅ
sXmgn kwcw-`-hn-I-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn-bmWv kvs]jyÂ
ssehvenlpUv t{]m{Kmw. ss]eäv ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ
ae-¸p-dw, s]cn-´Âa® F¶o \K-c-k-`-I-fn Cu ]²Xn
\S-¸n-em¡n hcp-¶p.
D¯-c-hm-ZnXz SqdnkwSqdnkw hIp-¸nsâ D¯-c-hm-ZnXz Sqdn-kw ]²-Xn-bpambn
_Ô-s¸-Sp¯n IpSpw-_{io DÂ]-¶-§Ä¡v Sqdnkw
hn]-Wn-bpsS km[y-X-IÄ e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v e£y-an-«pÅ
]²-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. ]c-¼-cm-KX hyh-kmbw, Irjn, XpS-
§nb taJ-eIsf IqSn DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m≠ v
{]mtZ-inI kwkvIm-c-t¯-bpw hn`-h-§-tf-bpw P\-X-
tb-bpw hnt\m-Z-k-©mc taJ-e-bp-ambn tImÀ¯n-W-
¡pI F¶ e£yw hnP-b-I-c-am-¡n-sIm≠ v \S-¯p¶
Cu ]²-Xn-bn-eqsS IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-I-cpsS DÂ]-¶-
§Ä¡v Bh-iy-ta-dp-¶p. hngn-ªw, Ipa-c-Iw, -Ip-an-fn
F¶o {Kma-]-©m-b¯v {]tZ-i-§-fn-epw hb-\mSv PnÃ-
bnepw ]²Xn \S-¸n-em¡n hcp-¶p.
AarXw ^pUv k¹nsaâ v kwØm\¯v 6 amkw apXÂ aq¶phbÊphsc {]mbapÅ
Ip«nIfpsS t]mjIIpdhv ]cnlcn¡p¶Xn\pth≠ n
kmaqly t£a hIp¸nsâ Iogn-epÅ AwK³hmSn aptJ\
A[nI t]mjImlmcw AarXw ^pUv k¹nsaâ v F¶
t]cn Dev]mZn¸n¨v hnXcWw sN¿p¶p.CXv F BÀ Sn
skâ-dp-IÄ hgn F¨v. sF hn t]mkn-äo-hm-b-hÀ¡pw
\ÂIp-¶p.
t\¨À s{^j v]m£maw ]cnlcn¡p¶Xnt\msSm¸w ip²hpw {]Ir-Xn-Z-
¯-hpamb ]m AXnsâ X\n-a-tbm-sS hoSp-I-fn F¯n-
¡p-¶-Xn-\v CSp¡n PnÃ-bnse CS-sh«n {Kma ]©m-b-¯nÂ
ss]e-ämbn Bcw-`n¨ sXmgn kwcw`w C¶v aqey-hÀ²nX
DXv]-¶-§-fpsS DXv]m-Z\w hsc F¯n \n¡p-¶p.
sXfnabpsS shfn¨hpambn \Kc§Ä"sXfna' F¶ t]cn Bcw-`n¨ IpSpw-_{io kq£-a-kw-
cw-`-¯n-eqsS amen-\y-\nÀ½mÀP\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Â hf-sc-b-
[nIw Imcy-£-a-ambn \S-¡p-I-bm-Wv. kwØm-\-s¯m-«msI
248 sXfna kwcw-`I {Kq¸p-I-fmWv \ne-hn-ep-Å-Xv.
It^ IpSpw_{io IpSpw_{io Iymâo-\p-I-fp-sSbpw Imä-dnwKv kÀÆo-kp-I-fp-
sSbpw {]hÀ¯\w B[p-\n-I-h¡-cn-¡pI F¶ e£y-
t¯m-sS-bmWv AIFRM (C³Ìn-äyq«v Hm^v ^pUv dnkÀ¨v tlmkv]n-äm-enän amt\-Pvsaâ v) F¶ bph{io {Kq¸v
sXmgn ]cn-io-e\w e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xv.
17IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
DÂ]mZ\w apXÂ hn]-W\w hsc-bpÅ FÃm LS-I-§fpw ap³-þ-]n³ _Ô-§fpw Dd-¸m¡n IpSpw-_-{io-an-j³ Bhn-jvI-cn¨ v \S-¸n-em-¡p¶ ]²-Xn-bmWv
ka-{K. IpSpw-_{io {]hÀ¯-IÀ¡v Ønc hcp-am-\-hpw
sXmgnepw Dd¸p \ÂIp-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv ka{KbpsS
{][m\ khn-tij-X.
DÂ]¶w AsÃ-¦n sXmgn tI{µo-I-cn-¨pÅ ]²-Xn-bnÂ
hn]-W-\-¯n\v ap¼pw ]n¼pw hym]mcw k¼qÀW-ambn
Dd-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmt¦-XnI klmbw Dd-¸m-¡Â,
_nkn-\kv ¹m\nw-Kv, kwcw-`-§Ä¡v Bh-iy-amb
amt\-Pvsaâ v, tijn hÀ²n-¸n-¡Â XpS-§nb Imcy-§Ä¡v
ap³K-W\ sImSp-¯p-sIm- ≠pÅ ka{K hnI-k-\-amWv
]²Xn e£y-an-Sp-¶-Xv.
ka{K kao-]-\-¯nsâ taJe-IÄ ]e-Xm-Wv. hn]p-e-amb
hn`h kam-l-c-W-¯n-eqsS IqSp-XÂ XpI ]²Xn \S-¯n-
¸n\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡pw. CXv kwcw-`-
¯nsâ km[yX Iq«p-¶-Xn\pw {]iv\-§-fpsS k¦oÀWX
Ipd-bv¡p-¶-Xn\pw klm-bn-¡pw. IqSmsX DÂ]-¶-§-fpsS
aqey-hÀ²-\-hn-eqsS anI¨ hcp-am\w Dd-¸m-¡p-¶-Xn\pw
klm-bn-¡pw.
DÂ]m-Z\ £aX Iq«p-¶-Xnsâ asämcp khn-ti-jX
{]tXyI D¸-¶-¯nsâ IqSp-X e`yX {]mtZ-inI Xe-
¯n e`y-am-¡m\pw AXp-hgn Hä-s¸«v hn]-Wn-bn DÂ]-
¶-§Ä F¯p-¶-Xp-sIm≠- pÅ {]iv\-§Ä Ipd-bv¡p-
hm\pw km[n¡pw F¶-Xm-Wv.
ka{K ]²-Xn-IÄ
18 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
{Ia
\¼Àt{]mPIvSv Pnà khn-ti-j-X
{Kq¸p-I-fpsS
F®w
KpW-t`m
àm¡Ä
1 t\{´³ Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw hmg-Irjn 2600 13000
2 lcn-X{io Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw ]¨-¡dn Irjn 479 2380
3 £oc{io Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw ]ip-h-fÀ¯Â 113 561
4 s\Sp-¼\ A¸m-c sImÃw A¸m-c bq-Wnäv 6 46
5 a[pcw ]¯-\w-Xn«tX\o¨ hfÀ¯Â,
tX³ kwkvI-cWw210
2100
6 amcmcn ajvdpw Be-¸pg ajvdqw bqWnäv 29 174
7 Ae-¦mc aÕyw tIm«bw Ae-¦mc aÕyw hfÀ¯Â 42210
8 £oc-km-Kcw CSp¡n]ip-h-fÀ¯Â þ hn]-W\wþ aqey-
hÀ²nX DÂ]¶ \nÀ½mWw137 685
9]qame
t\NzÀ s{^jvCSp¡n ]uÄ{Sn 272
1360
10 lcnXw Fd-Wm-Ipfw ]¨-¡dn Irjn 1025 5125
11 Xncp-a-[pcw Fd-Wm-Ipfw ss]\m-¸nÄ 623 3115
12 \nthZyw XriqÀ ]qP-¡-Zfn 90 450
13 sIm ≠m«w ]me-¡mSv sIm ≠m«w 2 10
14 sNcp¸v A¸À tImgn-t¡mSvsNcp¸v A¸À
\nÀ½mWw 10 100
15_mep-tÈ-cnþ
tkh\tImgn-t¡mSv ]¨-¡dn Irjn 80
800
16 BSv {Kmaw I®qÀ BSv hfÀ¯Â 375 1875
17 k^ew ImkÀtKmUv Iip-h≠ n kwkvIcWw -26 130
BsI 6119 32121
hnhn[ PnÃ-I-fn IpSpw-_{io anj³ Bhn-jvI-cn-¨n-«pÅ ka{K ]²-Xn-IÄ
19IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
62655.2 G¡dn kwL-Irjn
`£y kzbw]cym-]vX-X-bn-te¡v kwØm-\s¯ \bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]cn-{i-a§fpsS `mK-amWv kwL-Ir-jn. GI-tZiw 75000 slIvSÀ Xncnip \ne-apÅ tIc-f-
¯n kwL-Irjn hgn GI-tZiw 25000 slIvSÀ Øe¯v
Irjn-bn-d-¡p-hm\pw AXp-aqew Xcnip `qan-bpsS Afhv
aq¶n-sem¶v sIm≠ v Ipd-bv¡p-hm\pw km[n-¨psh¶Xv Cu
]²-Xn-bpsS {][m\ khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. DÂ]m-Z\ £a-
Xsb ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp¯n Gcnbm Câ-skâohpw þ
DÂ]m-Z\ C³skâohpw \ÂIp-¶p.
alm-ßm-KmÔn tZiob {KmaoW sXmgn-ep-d¸v ]²Xnbpambn
_Ô-s¸-Sp-¯nbpw kwL-Irjn \S-¸n-em-¡n hcp¶p. Irjn-
bv¡m-h-iy-amb P\-tk-N-\w, \ne-sam-cp-¡Â F¶o
{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä sXmgn-ep-d¸v ]²-Xn-bpsS `mK-ambn \S-¸m-
¡p-¶p.
20 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
IpSpw_{io DÂ]¶§Ä¡v Ønc-am-sbmcp hn]W\ irwJe cq]o-I-cn¡p¶Xnsâ BZy-]-Sn-bm-bmWv 2007 HIvtSm_À amkw apX amk-N-´-IÄ Bcw-`n-¨Xv.
IqSmsX dwkm³, HmWw, hnjp, {InkvXpakv XpS-§nb
DÕh BtLm-j-§-fp-ambn tImÀ¯n-W¡n {]tXyI
s^b-dp-Ifpw kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A´m-cmjv{S hn]-W\
taf-IÄ DÄs¸sS tZio-bþ kwØm\ Xe-§-fnÂ
\S-¯p¶ hnhn[ s^b-dp-I-fn-epw hn]-W-\-ta-f-I-fnepw
IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-I-cpsS ]¦m-fn¯w Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶p.
sNdp-InS kwcw-`-IÀ¡v hn]Wn F¶pw Hcp
{]iv\ambncp¶p. sNdpInS kwcw`§fpsS
DÂ]¶§Ä¡mbn kpkwLSnXamb Hcp hn]W\ irwJe
hnIkn¸n¡p¶Xn\mbn IpSpw_{io \S-]-Sn-I-sf-Sp¯p.
\nehnepÅ bqWnäpIfpsS D¸mZ\ tijn
]camh[n hÀ²n¸n¡p¶Xn\pw ]pXnb bqWnäpIsf
cwK¯p sIm≠phcp¶Xn\pw Ah-cpsS Dev]-¶-§Ä¡v
hn]W\ kuIcyw Dd¸m¡Wsa¶ Xncn¨dnhnsâ
ASnØm\¯nemWv k¼qÀWamb dosäbnÂ
s\ävhÀ¡v hnIkn¸ns¨Sp¡m³ IpSpw-_{io Xocp-am-\n-¨-
Xv. apt¶mSnbmbn PnÃIÄ tXmdpw amkN´IÄ Bcw`n¨p.
eLpkwcw`IÀ¡v \nÝnXhpw hyhØm]nX
hpamb Hcp hn]Wn Hcp¡ns¡mSp¡pI F¶XmWv CXnsâ
amkN´IÄ þ DÕh N´-IÄ hnäp-h-chv 23.23 tImSn
21IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
e£yw. \nÝnX Znhk§fn IpSpw_{io D¸¶§Ä
amkN´Ifn e`yamIpsa¶v Dd¸mbXpsIm≠ v D]
t`màm¡Ä Ønc-ambn Cu N´IÄ kµÀin¡p¶p.
IpSpw_{io \S¸nem¡nhcp¶ ka{K ]²Xnbnse
D¸¶§Ä hn]Wnbnse¯p¶tXmsS D¸¶§fpsS
F®¯n am{Xaà sshhn²y¯nepw hÀ²\hv
D≠mbn«p ≠v. amk-¨-´-I-fn-eq-sSbpw taf-I-fn-eq-sSbpw
23.23 tImSn cq]-bpsS hnäp-h-chv e`y-ambn.
kwcw` kwK-a-§ÄIpSpw-_{io DÂ]-¶-§-fpsS KpW\ne-hmcw DbÀ¯p-¶-
Xn-\pw hn]-W\ km[yX hn]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ
{]hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS `mK-am-bmWv t»m¡v þ ]©m-b¯v Xe-
§-fn IpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-I-cpsS kwK-a-§Ä kwL-Sn-¸n-
¨-Xv. Hmtcm kwcw-`-¯n-tâ-bpw \ne-hnse DÂ]m-Z\ tijn,
hn]-W-\w, hcp-am-\w, ]m¡nw-Kv, Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-¡-
fpsS e`yX XpS-§n-b-hbpambn _Ô-s¸«v kwc-w`-Icpw/
kwcw-`-§fpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¡p¶ {]iv\-§Ä, ]cn-an-Xn-IÄ
F¶nh IrXy-ambn Xn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pw CXn-\\pkr-X-am-
bn ]cn-lmc \S-]-Sn-IÄ ka-b-_-Ôn-X-ambn e`y-am-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw kwcw` kwK-a-§Ä klm-bn-¡p-¶p.
22 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
tlmw tjm¸vIpSpw-_{io DÂ]-¶-§Ä¡v Ab¡q-«-§Ä tI{µo-I-cn¨v
hn]Wn Is -≠¯m-\pÅ DZy-a-amWv tlmw tjm¸v. DÂ]¶
\nÀ½mWw, hnX-cWw F¶o aq¶v LS-I-§Ä kwtbm-Pn-¸n-
¨mWv Cu ]²-Xn¡v cq]w \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
{]mtZinI hn]WnIÄ hnIkn¸ns¨Sp¡m\pÅ
km[yXIÄ Is ≠¯pIbpw kmaqly hn]W\
irwJeIÄ Øm]n¡pIbpw sNbvXp. ]n¶oSv AXv
{]mtZinI DXv¸mZ\þkw`cWþhnXcW aqeyirwJe F¶
\nebnepÅ KmÀlnI tjm¸v amXrIbmbn. ChnsS kmaqly
irwJebnse ]mhs¸« DXv¸mZIs\bpw D]t`màmhnt\
bpw Hcp a[yØ s{]m^jWÂ kwL¯nsâ klm
bt¯msS Iq«ntbmPn¸n¡p¶p. CXneqsS kmaqly
irwJebn \n¶p Xs¶bpÅ hnXcW¡mcmb KmÀlnI
tjm¸pIÄ I½nj³ hyhØbn Hcp I®nbmbn
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. kmaqly hn]W\ kwcw`§Ä sNdpInS
kwcw`IÀ¡v Øncambn hn]Wn Hcp¡ns¡mSp¡p¶p.
sshZKv²y hnI-k\ ]cn-io-e-\-§ÄIpSpw-_{io kwcw-`-I-cpsS Imcy-tijn hnI-k-\-¯n-
\pw sshZKv²y hnI-k-\-¯n-\p-apÅ ]cn-io-e-\-§Ä IpSpw-
_-{io an-j³ \S-¯n-h-cp-¶p≠- v. P\-d Hmdn-sb-tâ-j-³,
CUn-]n, sshZKv²y hnI-k\ ]cn-io-e-\-§Ä,
s]Àt^ma³kv Cw{]q-hvsaâ v t{]m{Kmw F¶nh kwcw-`-hn-
I-k\ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS `mK-ambn \S-¯n-h-cp-¶p≠- v.
hn]Wn hnIk\w{]Xnamk hn]WnIfpw DÕhhn]WnIfpw kwLSn¸n¨v
hn]W\¯n\v klmbn¡pIbpw hn]W\taf
IgnªmepS³ Xncn¨Sbv¡p¶ hn[¯n ASnb´nc
{]hÀ¯\aqe[\w e`yam¡pIbpw sNbvXn«p≠ v.
sNdpInSkwcw`IcpsS kt½f\§Ä hnfn¨p Iq«n
aqey\nÀWb¯n\pw te_enwKn\pw
]mt¡PnwKn\pw klmb§Ä \ÂInbn«p≠ v.
23IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
eLp-k-¼mZy hmbv]m ]²-Xn-IÄ
ssat{Im ^n\m³kv Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\¯n\v HäaqenbmsW¶v IpSpw_{io IcpXp¶nÃ. F¶m Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀP\¯n\pÅ ^e{]
Zamb Hcp amÀ¤ambmWv IpSpw_{io Cu ]²Xnsb
ImWp¶Xv. kmaqly irwJesb Häs¡«mbn
Ac¡n«pd¸n¨ncn¡p¶Xv kq£va km¼-¯nI klmb
{]hÀ¯\amWv. Ignbp¶{X hmbv] ]mhs¸«hÀ¡v
\ÂIm\pÅ amÀ¤ambmWv IpSpw_{io ImWp¶Xv.
hyàn]cambn Hcp km[mcW¡mc\v hmbv] \ÂIm³
_m¦pIÄ aSn¡pt¼mgpw Ab¡q«§Ä¡v hmbv]
\ÂIm³ AhÀ X¿mdmIp¶p.
Znim amäw
IpSpw-_{io Ab¡q-«-§-fpsS IW-s¡-gp¯v coXn-bpw
_p¡v Io¸nwKpw hfsc ZqÀ_-e-am-bn-cp-¶p. 2006 Â apgp-
h³ IpSpw-_{io Ab¡q-«-§-fp-tSbpw IsW-¡-gp¯v
coXn sa¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pw A¡u- ≠p-IÄ {Ia-s¸-Sp-
¯p-¶-Xn-\papÅ _rl-¯mb Iym¼-bn³ IpSpw-_-{io-an-
j³ \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. 1058 knUn-F-kp-I-f-ptSbpw 2 e£w
Ab¡q-«-§fp-tSbpw IW-¡p-IÄ Nn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn\v
CXn-eqsS km[n-¨p. 2007 þ 08 IpSpw-_{io {XnXe kwL-
S\m kwhn-[m\§-fpsS [\ hn\n-tbmKw Nn«-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-
Xn\pw hmÀjnI HmUn-änw-Kn-\p-apÅ hyh-Ø-IÄ
24 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
ss_tem-bn DÄs¸-Sp-¯n. {XnXe kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-
§-fpsS HmUn-änw-Kn-\mbn IpSpw-_{io HmUnänwKv & A¡u-
≠nwKv skmssk-än-I-sf hn]p-eo-Icn-¨p. knUn-Fkv þ FUn-
Fkv Xe-§-fn km¼¯nI hn\n-tbm-K-¯nsâ kpXm-cyX
Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ CtâWÂ HmUn-änwKv kwhn-[m\w
cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n.
IpSpw_{iobpsS Ab¡q«§fnse
k¼mZyþhmbv]m ]²Xn{]Imcw
CXnt\mSIw 1,688 tImSn cq]bpsS
eLpk¼mZyhpw 4,195 tImSn cq]bpsS
eLphmbv]m hnXcWhpw \S¶p.
25IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
_m¦v ent¦-Pv\_mÀUnsâ amÀ¤-\nÀt±i {]Imcw t{KUv sN¿-s¸«
Ab¡q-«-§sf _m¦v ent¦Pv t{]m{Km-an-eqsS _m¦p-
ambn _Ôn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw hmbv] e`y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
¶p≠- v. {]hÀ¯\w Bcw-`n¨v 6 amkw Ign-ªXpw \Ã
coXn-bn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡v
Ah-cpsS k¼m-Zy-¯n\v B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn _m¦v hmbv]
e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xp-amWv _m¦v ent¦Pv ]²-Xn. 1,50,755
Ab¡q«§sf _m¦pIfpambn _Ôn¸n¡pIbpw
AXn 1,27,467 Ab¡q«§Ä¡v _m¦phmbv]bmbn 1,140
tImSn cq] e`yam¡pIbpw sNbvXp.
am¨nwKv {Kmâ v _m¦v ent¦Pv {]Imcw hmbv] e`y-amb Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡v
{Xn^vänsâ 10% AsÃ-¦n 5000/þ cq] GXmtWm Ipdhv
Cu XpI {]hÀ¯\ t{]mÕm-l-\-ambn \ÂIp-¶p.
]-eni k_vknUn ]²-XnIpSpw-_{io Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡v 4 iX-am\w \nc-¡nÂ
hmbv] e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]²-Xn-bmWv ]eni k_v
knUn kvIow. _m¦v ent¦Pv {]Imcw hmbv] FSp-¡p¶
Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡mWv ]eni k_vkn-Un-bpsS {]tbm-P\w
e`n-¡p-¶-Xv. 1 e£w cq] hsc-bpÅ _m¦v hmbv]-bv¡mWv
]eni k_vknUn e`n-¡p-I.
`h-\{io hmbv]m IpSn-ÈnI kÀ¡mÀ Gsä-Sp¯pkwØm-\s¯ `h-\-c-ln-XÀ, ]Wn ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡m¯
`h-\-ap-f-f-hÀ XpS-§n-b-hÀ¡v [\-Imcy Øm]-\-§-fnÂ
\n¶pw `h\w \nÀ½n¡p-¶Xn\v AsÃ-¦n ]qÀ¯o-Icn-¡p-
¶-Xn\v `h-\{io ]²-Xn-bn-eqsS hmbv] e`y-am-¡n.
44556 t]À¡v ]²-Xn-bpsS {]tbm-P\w e`n-¨p.
26 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
Fw.sF.FÊv37 e£w IpSpw_§sf DÄs¡mÅp¶ 2.03 e£w
Ab¡q«§fS§nb IpSpw_{iobpsS {]hÀ¯\
taJe hfsc hn]peamWv. ssat{Im^n\m³kn XpS§n
hn]Wnbnse kap¶Xamb Øm\w hsc ssIbS¡p¶
\nebntebv¡v C¶v IpSpw_{io hfÀ¶p Ignªp.
Ønchpw hyhØm]nXhpamb Hcp kwLS\m kwhn[m\
s¯ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw X§fpsS {]hÀ¯\taJe
Nn«s¸Sp¯p¶Xn\pw hn]pes¸Sp¯p¶Xn
\pw imkv{Xobamb amt\Pvsaâ v C³^Àtaj³ knÌw
Øm]n¨p.
tI{µkÀ¡mcnsâ sF.än hIp¸nsâ {]tXyI [\
klmbt¯msSbpw kn.Um¡nsâ (skâÀ t^mÀ
sUhe]vsaâ v Hm^v AUvhm³kvUv I¼yq«nMv)
kmt¦XnI klmbt¯msSbpw sh_v s_bvkvUv
Bb Fw.sF.FÊnsâ cq]oIcWw ]qÀ¯nbmhpIbpw
Hm¬sse³ BIpIbpw sNbvXn«p≠ v. IpSpw_{iobpsS
hnhn[ {]hÀ¯\taJ-e-I-fmb Ab¡q«Xew apXÂ
kwØm\anj³ Xew hsc tamWnäÀ sN¿p¶Xn
\pÅ kwhn[m\amWv CXneqsS kÖambn«pÅXv.
ssat{Im^n\m³kv, sXmgn kwcw`w, Iq«pIrjn, B{ib,
_mek`, Fkv.sP.Fkv.BÀ.ssh XpS§nb
{]hÀ¯\§fpsS tamWnädnwKv C¯c¯n km[yamhpw.
Hcp Ab¡q«s¯ kw_Ôn¡p¶ hnhc§Ä knUnFÊv
Xe¯n Fw.sF.FÊnte¡v tcJs¸Sp¯n¡gnªmÂ
Ab¡q«¯nsâ hnhcw, Hcp kn.Un.FÊnsâ
IognepÅ apgph³ Ab¡q«§fpsSbpw hnhcw, Hcp
PnÃbnse apgph³ kn.Un.FÊnsâbpw hnhcw, kwØm\
Xe¯n apgph³ PnÃIfpsSbpw hnhcw F¶o 4
coXnbn dnt¸mÀ«v P\tdäv sN¿m³ km[n¡pw. Hcp
Ab¡q«¯nsâ hnhcw tcJs¸Sp¯p¶ AtX kabw
Xs¶ kwØ\ Xe¯n hsc AXv Zriyamhpw F¶XmWv
Cu sh_vs_bvkvUv Fw.sF.FÊnsâ khntijX.
apgph³ IpSpw_{io kwhn[m\s¯bpw kw_Ôn¡p¶
hnhc§Ä hnc¯p¼n e`yamhp¶p F¶Xv Xs¶bmWv
Gähpw {][m\ {]tXyIX.
27IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kmaqly kpc£ Dd¸m¡p¶Xn tIcf¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\ Ncn{Xw Hcp ]s£ cmPys¯ Gähpw anI¨Xmbncn¡pw.
kwØm\s¯ PohnX kqNnIIfpsS `uXnI
\nehmc¯n CXv {]Xn^en¡p¶p≠ v.
kmaqlyt£as]³j\pIÄ, sXmgn hn`mK§Ä¡pÅ
s]³j\pIÄ, kpØm]nXamb kmaqly BtcmKy
kwc£W kÀhokpIÄ, Gähpw {]m]yamb s]mXp
hnXcW k{¼Zmb§Ä, GXm≠ v kmÀh{XnIamb t]cv
tNÀ¡epw kvIqfpIfnse sImgnªp t]m¡v CÃmbvabpw
Xt±ikzbw `cW Kh¬saâpIÄ¡p Iogn `h\
\nÀ½mWw, IpSnshÅw, `h\ ipNnXzw F¶o taJeIfnep-
≠mb hn]peamb ASnØm\ kuIcyw hnI-k\w
XpS§nbhbmWv kmaqly kpc£mcwKs¯
{][m\t\«§Ä.
kmaqlyimàoIcWw
28 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
B{ibAXoh Zcn-{ZÀ, ssZ\wZn\ PohnX Bhiy§Ä
\ndthäm³ _p²nap«p¶hÀ, BIkvanIamb
BLmX§tfm tcmKtam \nan¯w XIÀ¶
IpSpw_§Ä, kmaqly N«¡qSn\pÅn km¼-¯n-I-
ambpw sXmgnÂ]c-ambpw Btcm-Ky-]-c-ambpw tamis¸«
AhØbnemb kv{XoIÄ \bn¡p¶ IpSpw_§Ä
F¶n-hÀs¡Ãmw Hcp Ab¡q«¯n
\pÅn IgnªpIqSm³ _p²nap«mWv. ChtcmSpÅ
kao]\¯nsâ coXnbpw \nehmchpw sa¨s¸Sp¯m³
{]tXyIamb klmbhpw CSs]SepIfpw BhiyamWv.
IpSpw_{iobpsS B{ib AKXnþ\nÀ®b
]p\c[nhmk ]cn]mSn Cu IpSpw_§sf e£yw
h¨pÅXmWv. Xt±i`cW Øm]\§fpsS hmÀjnI
]²Xnbn DÄs¸Sp¯nbmWv B{ib t{]mPIv-
SpIÄ \S¸nem¡p¶Xv. 909 Xt±-i-`-cWØm]-\-§-fn-
embn 71,011 IpSpw_§sf Is≠¯n "B{ib'bnÂ
DÄs¸Sp¯n.
29IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
2005-þ2006 Â t{]mPIvS v X¿m-dm-¡msX B{ib
Ne©v ^≠v klmbw \ÂInb ]©m-b-¯p-I-fpsS
t{]mPIvSpIÄ X¿m-dm¡n AwKo-Imcw \ÂIn.
\ne-hn-epÅ 750 ]©m-b¯v/\K-c-k-`-I-fpsS B{i-b
]²Xn ]p\x]cn-tim-[\ \S-¯p-¶-Xn\pw `£-Ww,
NnInÕ XpS-§nb klm-b-§Ä C\nbpw XpSÀ¶v
Bh-iy-ap-Å-hÀ¡vv \ÂIp-¶-Xn-\pÅ \S-]Sn kzoI-cn¨p.
B{ib ]²-Xn-bpsS \nÀÆ-lW ]ptcm-KXn hne-bn-cp-
¯p-¶-Xn\v {]tXyI amÀ¤-\nÀtZ-i-§Ä cq]s¸-Sp¯n
PnÃm Bkq-{XW kan-Xn-IÄ¡v Npa-Xe \ÂIn.
B{ib ]²Xn hn\n-tbmKw 85% ]qÀ¯o-I-cn¨ Xt±-i-
`-cW Øm]-\-§-fn AUo-j-W B{ib t{]m
P-IvSp-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ A\p-aXn \ÂIn.
CSs]SepIÄapgp-h³ B{ib IpSpw-_-§-tfbpw BÀ-F-kv_nssh
C³jz-d³kv ]²-Xn-bpsS `mK-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \S-]Sn
kzoI-cn-¨p.
B{ib ]²Xn {XnXe ]©-bm-¯p-I-fpsS kwbpà
t{]mPvIvSmbn Bkq-{XWw sNbvXv \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
amÀ¤-\nÀtZ-i-§Ä \ÂIn-.
FkvSn B{ib Ne©v ^≠ v 45 e£w cq]-bmbn
DbÀ¯n. ]«nI hÀ¤ taJ-e-bn kvs]jy B{ib
t{]mP-IvSp-IÄ cq]o-I-cn-¡p¶-Xn-\pÅ {]hÀ¯\w Bcw-
`n¨p.
Ne©v ^ ≠mbn IpSpw-_-{io-bn \n¶pw \ÂIp¶
hnlnXw 10 e£w cq]-bn \n¶pw 15 e£w cq]-bmbn
DbÀ¯n-bn«p≠- v.
30 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
31 _Uvkv kvs]jy kvIqfpIÄ
B{ib IpSpw_§sf Is≠ ̄ m³ IpSpw_{io \S¯nb kmaqly kÀshIfneqsS sNdnb tXmXnepw henbtXmXnepw am\knI
shÃphnfnIÄt\cnSp¶ Ip«nIfpsS IpSpw_§fpsS
ØnXn a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ignªp. kvIqfpIfn tNcm³
Ign-bm-¯- _u[nI shÃp-hn-fn-IÄ t\cn-Sp¶hÀ¡mbn
kmaqly ]n´pWtbmsS ]©mb¯v Xe¯n _Uvkv
kvIqfpIÄ Bcw`n¨p. Xt±ikzbw`cW
Kh¬saâpIfpsS taÂt\m«¯n IpSpw_{iobpsS
amt\Pvsaâpw kmt¦XnI kuIcy§tfmSpw IqSnbmWv
kwØm-\¯v _Uvkv kvIqfpIÄ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶X v.
Hm«nkw, skdn{_Â ]mÂkn, am\knIsshIeyw
F¶nhbpÅ Ip«nIÄ¡v hyànKXamb {i²bpw
kwc£Whpw Cu kvIqfpIfn \ÂIn hcp¶p.
kwØm-\-s¯m-«m-sI-bpÅ 31 _Uvkv kvIqfp-I-fn-embn
861 hnZymÀ°n-I-fmWv DÅXv.
{][m\ t\«§Ä* hnZym`ymk hIp-¸nsâ cPn-kvt{S-j³ 31 kvIqfp-IÄ¡v
e`y-am-¡n.
* 7 kvIqfpIÄ¡v hnZym-`ymk hIp¸ v hgn-bpÅ {]tXyI
{Kmâ v e`n-¨p- Xp-S-§n.
* _Uvkv kvIqfp-I-fpsS \S-¯n-¸n\v hnZ-Kv²-cpsS klm-b-
t¯msS ]cn-io-e\ am\z hnI-kn-¸n¨v A²ym-]n-I-amÀ¡v
{]tXyI ]cn-io-e\w \ÂIn.
* hnhn[ hIp-¸p-I-fn \n¶pw [\ klmbw e`n-¡p-¶-Xn-
\pÅ \S-]-Sn-IÄ kzoI-cn¨p Ign-ªp.
* _Uvkv kvIqÄ Ip«n-IÄ¡pÅ {]tXyI sl¯v sIbÀ
]mt¡Pv X¿m-dm¡n Ign-ªp.
* tkh\ {]Zm\ KpW-\n-e-hmcw \nc-´cw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-¶-
Xn-\mbn Cu cwKs¯ hnZKv²cpw tUmIvSÀamcpw DÄsIm-
Åp¶ {]tXyI kwhn-[m\w cq]o-I-cn-¨n-«p≠- v.
31IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
* sabvâ\³kv {Kmâ v (t\m¬ tdmUv) ^ ≠n \n¶pw _
Uvkv ]©m-b-¯p-Xe hnI-k-\w, NnIn-Õm-a-cp¶v XpS-§n-
bh \evIp-¶-Xn-\pÅ kÀ¡mÀ A\p-aXn e`y-am¡n.
* _Uvkv kvIqfp-I-fpsS hym]-\-¯n-\mhiy-amb \S-]
SnIÄ kzoI-cn-¨p- .
* _Uvkv kvIqfp-I-fpsS \S-¯n¸v Npa-X-e-bpÅ
]©m-b¯v `mc-hm-ln-IÄ, A[ym-]-IÀ, c£-IÀ¯m {]Xn-
\n-[n-IÄ ChÀ¡v _Uvkv kvIqÄ \S-¯n-¸p-ambn
_Ô-s¸« {]tXyI ]cn-ioe\w \ÂIn.
* kmaq-ly-kp-c-£m-anjsâ klm-b-t¯msS 11 _Uvkv
kvIqfpIÄ¡v hml\w \evIn
54669 _me-k-`-I-fn-embn 8.9 e£w Ip«n-IÄ
Ip«nIÄ¡v H¯ptNcp¶Xn\pw Ip«n¡mew
BkzZn¡p¶Xn\pw hnhn[ {]hÀ¯\§fneqsS AhcpsS
IgnhpIÄ AXv hn]pes¸Sp¯p¶Xn\pÅ Ahkc§fpw
kmlNcy§fpw krjvSn¡pI F¶XmWv IpSpw_{iobpsS
iniphnIk\ ]cn]mSnIÄsIm≠ v e£yam¡p¶Xv.
CXneqsS BtcmKy ]qÀWhpw aqeym[njvTnXhpamb
Hcp ]pXpXeapdbpsS krjvSn¡v hgnsbmcp§pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. Ip«nIfpsS Ab¡q«§fmb _mek`IÄ,
]©mb¯pXe t^mdamb _me]©mb¯v, PnÃm
]mÀesaâ v, kwØm\ ]mÀesaâ v, PnÃmXe _mek`m
kwKa§Ä, ]©mb¯v/hmÀUpXe Iq«mbvaIÄ,
Ah[n¡me klhmk Iym¼pIÄ XpS§nb {]hÀ¯\
]cn]mSnIÄ Cu e£y¯nsâ ]qÀ¯oIcW¯n\mbn
\S¯nhcp¶p. kwØm\¯v 54,669 _mek`Ifnembn 5
apXÂ 18 hbkv {]mb]cn[nbnepÅ GIt-Ziw 8.9 e£w
_mek`mwK§Ä Cu DZya¯n `mK`m¡pIfmWv.
]¦m-fn¯ ]T\ {]{In--bv¡v DX-Ip-¶-Xpw kmaqly
{]iv\-§sf Is≠ -¯m-\pw Xn«-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pw klm-bn-¡p-¶-
Xp-amb _me-]-©m-b¯v {]hÀ¯\w Bhn-jvI-cn¨v \S-¸n-
em¡n. _me-k`m {]hÀ¯-\s¯ Ip«n-I-fpsS {]mtZ-inI
Xe-¯n-epÅ sNdp ]T\mt\z-jW kwL-§-fmbn
cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯n. ImbnI hnt\m-Z-¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb ka{K
32 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
BtcmKy ]²Xn ss]eäv ASn-Øm-\-¯n t]cm-hqÀ,
_meq-tÈ-cn, h≠ qÀ, A¦-am-en, Gäp-am-\qÀ, `c-Wn-¡m-hv,
shÅ-\mSv t»m¡p-I-fnse ]©m-b-¯p-I-fn \S-¸n-em¡n
hcp-¶p.
FÃm knUn-F-kp-I-fnepw _me-k-`m {]hÀ¯-\-
§Ä¡pÅ Npa-X-e-¡msc \nÝ-bn-¨p. CtXm-sSm¸w PnÃm
t»m¡v Xe-§-fn _mek`m dntkmgvkv {Kq¸p-IÄ
cq]o-I-cn¨p.
I®qÀ PnÃ-bn Irjn ]mTw, ImkÀtKmUv PnÃ-bnÂ
hm\-hn-Ãv, CSp¡n PnÃ-bnse imkv{X-{Km-aw XpS§n
H«\-h[n \qX\ t{]mPvIvSp-IÄ \S-¸n-em-¡n.
Fkv.-kn-, F-kv.-än P\-hn-`m-K-§-fpsS kmaqly km¼-¯nI imào-I-cWw* IpSpw-_{io kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-¯n ]«nI hÀ¤/
]«nI PmXn P\-hn-`m-K§-fpsS ]¦m-fn¯w hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-
¶-Xn\v 2007 þ 08 Â {]tXyI Iym¼-bn³ kwL-Sn-¸n-¨p.
CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n IpSpw-_{io Ab¡q-«-§-fnÂ
]«nI hÀ¤/]«nI PmXn hn`m-K-§-fpsS ]¦m-fn¯w hÀ²n-
¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw {]tXyI Ab¡q-«-§Ä cq]o-I-cn-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw Ign-ªn-«p≠ v.
* 2007 þ 08 se {]N-cWm\p-`-h-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ
]«nI hÀ¤ IpSpw-_-§-fpsS kpØn-c hnI-k-\-¯n-
\pÅ {]tXyI ]²Xn Bhn-jvI-cn-¨p. -A-b¡q«
{]th-i\w, k¼mZy hmbv]m {]hÀ¯-\w, sXmgn kwcw`w,
_me-k-`, t]mj-Im-lm-cw, sXmgn-ep-d¸v ]²-Xn-bnse
]¦m-fn¯w DbÀ¯Â, ss{S_ B{ib F¶o LS-I-§-
Ä¡mWv Cu t{]mP-IvSnsâ `mK-ambn Du¶Â
\ÂIp-¶Xv.
* IpSpw-_{io FUn-Fk,v knUn-Fkv kwhn-[m-\-§-fnÂ
]«nI hÀ¤, ]«nI PmXn hn`m-K-¡m-cpsS B\p]m-XnI
]¦m-fn¯w Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p¶ Xc-¯n IpSpw-_{io ss_tem
]cn-jvI-cn-¨p.
* FUn-F-kv, knUn-Fkv kwhn-[m-\§fnse ]«nI hÀ¤,
]«nI PmXn {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS kwL-S\m t\XrXztijn hnI-
k\¯n-\pÅ {]tXyI ]cn-io-e\w kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v
\S-]Sn kzoI-cn-¨p. CXn\v apt¶m-Sn-bmbn ss{S_Â s{]mtam-
«Àam-cpsSbpw dntkmgvkvt]gvk¬am-cp-tSbpw ]cn-io-e\w
\S¶p hcp¶p.
*]«nI PmXn P\-hn-`m-K-§-fpsS Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡v k¼mZy
hmbv]m {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v t{]mÕm-l\w \ÂIp-¶-Xn-
\pÅ am¨nwKv {Kmâ v, kwcw-`-§Ä¡pÅ dnthmÄhnwKv ^≠ v,
Irjn Hcp hcp-am\ZmbI {]hÀ¯-\-ambn D]-tbm-K-s¸-
Sp¯p¶ Ab¡q-«-§Ä¡pÅ Gcnb C³skâo-hv
DÂ]m-Z\ C³skâohv , kwc-w`-§Ä¡pÅ k_vkn-Un,
]cn-io-e\ klm-bw, F¶n-h-bv¡mbn ]«nI PmXn hnI-k-\-
h-Ip¸pw IpSpw-_{io anj\pw kwbp-à-ambn 2008þ 09 km¼-
¯nI hÀj-¯n {]tXyI t{]mPvIvSv \S-¸n-em-¡n.
*2009þ10 apX knUn-Fkv B£³ ¹m\n ]«nI PmXn,
]«nI hÀ¤ hn`-¡mÀ¡v km¼-¯n-Iþkmaqly, imào-I-cW-
¯n-\m-h-iy-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä {]tXyIambn tcJ-s¸-Sp-
¯p-¶-Xn-\pw B\q-Iq-ey-§Ä e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ \S-]-Sn-
IÄ kzoI-cn¨p hcp¶p.
* {]tXyI ss{S_Â FUn-F-kp-Ifpw {]tXyI ss{S_Â
Ab¡q-«-§fpw cq]o-I-cn¨p XpS-§n.
33IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kv{Xo]-Zhn kzbw-]-T-\-{]-{Inb, km¼¯nI kzm{ibXzw, hn`hhn\ntbmK¯n\pÅ AhImiw, BkvXnIfpsS DSaØX, Xocpam\w
FSp¡p¶Xnse ]¦mfn¯ AhImiw XpS§n kmaq
lnIhpw km¼¯nIhpamb FÃm LSI§fnepw kzbw
\nÀ®bmhImihpw tijnbpw BÀÖn¡p¶Xn\v
kv{XoIsf {]m]vXcm¡pI F¶XmWv kv{XoIfpsS
kzbw]T\{]{InbbneqsS e£yanSp¶Xv. CXnsâ
`mKambpÅ hnZym`ymkþ]T\ {]hÀ¯\§Ä
\S¶phcnIbmWv. Hmtcm kv{XoIfpsSbpw hyàn]chpw
kmaqlyhpamb A\p`h§fpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯n
kv{Xo]Zhn kzbw hniIe\w sN¿p¶Xn\pÅ tijn
IpSpw_{io {]hÀ¯IÀ BÀÖn¡pIbmWv {]{InbbpsS
e£yw. kmaqlycwK¯pw hnhn[ sXmgn taJeIfnÂ
\n¶papÅ {]KÛtcbpw kwLS\mkwhn[m\¯nse
kv{XoIsfbpw DÄs¸Sp¯n sXmgnenS§fnse
kv{XoimàoIcWw
34 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
\nba km£-cXm {]hÀ¯-\-§ÄtIcf eoK kÀÆo-kkv AtXm-dn-änbpsS t\Xr-Xz-
¯n \S-¡p¶ hnhn[ \nba km£cm {]hÀ¯-\-§-fnÂ
IpSpw-_{io kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-¯nsâ ]¦m-fn¯w
{]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p≠- v. sIÂk-bpsS klm-b-t¯msS
IpSpw-_{io AwK-§Ä¡mbn hnhn[ \nba km£-cXm
]cn-]m-Sn-IÄþ ¢mkp-IÄ kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p≠- v. IqSmsX
hnhn[ kv{Xo kwc-£W \nb-a§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp¶
"kv{Xobpw \nb-ahpw' F¶ Hcp ssI]pkvX-Ihpw sIÂk-
bpsS klm-b-t¯msS IpSpw-_-{io-an-j³ X¿m-dm¡n hnX-
cWw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
{]iv\§Ä, {]Xn_Ô§Ä, AwKoImc§Ä F¶nh
Xpd¶ NÀ¨IÄ¡v hnt[bam¡n BIp¶{X ]cnlmc§Ä
\ÂIphm\pw h\nXmk`IÄ¡v km[n¨n«p≠ v. ]T\{]
{Inbbn¡qSn IS¶pt]mIpt¼mÄ kzbw Xncn¨dnhv
t\Sp¶Xv apXÂ Hmtcm kv{Xobnepw A´Àeo\
ambncn¡p¶ {InbmßIX ]pd¯psIm ≠phcm\pw
km[n¨n«p≠ v.
2007 þ {]cw` \S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯oIcn¨v 2008þ09  4
t»m¡pIfnepw (s\Spa§mSv, Iªn¡pgn,
sImSIc, Imª§mSv) Hcp ap³kn¸menänbnepw
(Beph) ss]eäv ]T\w \S¯n. ss]eäv ]T\¯n\v
k½n{i {]XnIcWamWv e`n¨Xv. eLpk¼mZyw am{XaÃ
Ab¡q«§fpsSbpw AXn \n¶pcn¯ncnªphcp¶
Iq«mbvabpsSbpw e£yw F¶v a\Ênem¡n, Xmsg¯«nÂ
kv{XoIfpsS sNdpkwL§Â cq]oIcn¨pw KmÀlnI
]oU\w, aZy]m\w F¶nhbv¡v FXncmbn Cu
Iq«mbvaIsf hfÀ¯ns¡m ≠phcm\pw km[n¨p.
{]mtZinI \nba ]cn]meIÀ, P\{]Xn\n[nIÄ, kn.Un.
Fkv, F.Un.Fkv, Ab¡q« AwK§Ä F¶nhcpsS
kwbpà {ia§Ä kv{Xo]Zhn kzbw]T\¯nsâ
^eambn \S¶n«p≠ v.
2009þ10 Â ]T\{]{Inb hn]peoIcn¡p¶Xnsâ `mKambn
kwØm\w apXÂ hmÀUv hsc dntkmgvkvt]gvk¬
irwJesb kÖoIcn¨p. Ab¡q-«-X-e-¯n hnhn[
hnj-b-§Ä NÀ¨-sN-¿p-¶-Xn\v {io iàn t]mÀ«Â
Bcw-`n-¨p.
35IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
tI{µþkwØm\ kÀ¡mcpIfpsS Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ ]cn]mSnIfpsS \S¯n¸nepw IpSpw_{io {]
[m\ ]¦v hln¡p¶p. \Kc§fn sXmgnÂ
Ahkc§Ä krjvSn¡p¶Xn\pÅ kzÀW
Pb´n jlmcn tdmkvKmÀ tbmP\,
]mhs¸«hÀ¡v hoSv h¨v \ÂIp¶ _n.Fkv.
bp.]n, sF.F¨v.Fkv.Un.]n XpS§nb
]²XnIfpsS \S¯n¸pw IpSpw_{iobnÂ
\n£n]vXamWv. \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fn Ip-
Spw-_{io {XnXe kwL-S\m kwhn-[m-\-¯n-
sâ kmaqly ]¦m-fn-¯-t¯m-sS-bmWv Cu
]²-Xn-IÄ \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu ]²-Xn-I-fp-
sS-sbÃmw kwØm\Xe t\mUÂ GP³kn
IpSpw-_-{io-bm-Wv.
\K-c- Zm-cn-{ZyeLq-I-c-Ww
36 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
sF.F-¨v-.F-k.vUn.]n þ \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnse tNcn-\n-hm-kn-IÄ¡mbn tI{µ
kÀ¡mÀ Bhn-jvI-cn-¨n-«pÅ ]²-Xn-bmWv kwtbm-PnX
`h\ tNcn hnI-k\ ]cn-]m-Sn. tI{µm-hn-jvIrX ]²-Xn-I-
fmb hmws_, F³-F-kvUn]n F¶nh kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¨p-sIm-
≠mWv Cu ]²-Xn¡v cq]w \ÂIn-bn-«p-Å-Xv. 5 e£w hsc
P\-kw-Jy-bpÅ \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fn Cu ]²Xn \S-¸n-
em¡n hcp-¶p.
_n Fkv bp ]n þ \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnse ASn-Øm\ kuIcy hnI-k-\-¯n-
\pw Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ\ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡pw {]tXyI
Du¶Â \ÂIn tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ Bhn-jvI-cn¨ ]²XnbmWv
_nFkvbp]n. (s_bvknIv kÀÆokv Sp AÀ_³ ]phÀ).
tIc-f-¯n Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cw, sIm¨n F¶o \K-c-k-`-I-fn-
emWv ]²Xn \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xv. \Kc {]tZ-i-§-fnse tNcn-\n-
hm-kn-IÄ¡v ]cym-]vX-amb Xmak kuI-cy-hpw ASn-Øm\
kuI-cy-§fpw e`y-am-¡n-sIm- ≠pÅ ]qÀ®-amb tNcn-hn-I-
k-\-amWv ]²Xn hn`m-h\w sN¿p-¶-Xv.
Fkv sP- F-kv- BÀ ssh þ \K-c-k` {]tZ-i-§-fn Zmcn{Zyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v kz-
bw-sXm-gn-eqsS km¼-¯nI imào-I-cWw \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\
mbn 1997 Â XpS-§nb tI{µm-hnjvIrX ]²-Xn-bmWv Fkv.
sP-.F-kv-.BÀ.ssh (kzÀW Pb´n jlmcn tdmkvKmÀ
tbmP\) kzbw sXmgn Is - ≠¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ klm-bw,
thX\w e`n-¡p¶ sXmgn-ep-I-fn GÀs¸-Sm³ th≠ n
Ignhv hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]cn-io-e\w \ÂIp-I,
kwL-\Sm kwhn-[m\w iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-I, Bh-iy-amb
aäv ]n´pWm kwhn-[m-\-§Ä e`y-am-¡pI F¶n-h-bmWv
]²-Xn-bpsS e£yw. IpSpw-_-{io-bmWv kwØm\Xe
t\mUÂ GP³kn.
37IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
sF Fkv F-¨v- bp ]n þ Ph-lÀem s\{lp tZiob \Kc ]p\-cp-²m-cW anjsâ
`mK-ambn \K-c-¯nse km¼-¯n-I-ambn ]nt¶m¡w
\n¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw Xmgv¶ hcp-am-\-¡mÀ¡mbpw `mcX
kÀ¡mÀ Bhn-jvI-cn¨ `h\ hmbv]m ]²-Xn-bmWv. Câ-
dÌv k_vknUn kvIow t^mÀ luknwKv Zn AÀ_³
]phÀ. \K-c-¯nse km¼-¯n-I-ambn ]nt¶m¡w
\n¡p¶ Zcn-{ZÀ¡v Hcp hoSv ]pXp-Xmbn \nÀ½n-¡p-¶-Xn-
t\m, hm§p-¶-Xnt\m ]eni k_vkn-Un-tbm-Sp-IqSn Hcp
\nÝnX XpI hmbv] A\p-h-Zn-¡p¶ ]²-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.
{]tXyI D]-Po-h\ ]²-Xn\Kc {]tZ-is¯ hnhn[ t{iWn-bnse Bfp-I-fpsS Bh-
iy-§Ä Is ≠¯n Bh-iy-amb ]cn-io-e\w \ÂIn tPmen
Ah-k-c-§-fpw \nÝnX hcp-am-\hpw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xn-
\pÅ ]²-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. FkvsP-F-kv-BÀssh, IpSpw-_-{io,
\K-c-k` ]²-Xn-I-fn \n¶pw e`y-amb ^≠ v Is ≠¯n
GtIm-]n-¸n-¨mWv ]²Xn \S-¸n-em-¡p-¶-Xv.
38 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
1998 – UNCHS – 100 Best Innovations
2000 - CAPAM – International Innovations Gold Medal
2002 – CAPAM – Best 10 Innovations
2002 – UN Habitat
2002 - Practices Global 100 List
2002- Dubai International Award – Finalist
2002 – UNDP – One among the 15 best practices in India
2006 – India Innovation Award for Social Innovations
2008 – Prime Minister’s Award for Excellence in Public Administration
2009 – EMPI – Indian Express India Innovation Award
The laurels
39IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
40 IpSpw_{iobneqsS...
kwØm\ Zmcn{Zy \nÀ½mÀÖ-\-an-j³{SnU _nÂUnwKv, Nme-¡p-gn- tdmUv, saUn-¡Â tImtfPv ]n. H. Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw 695 011, tIc-f, C´yt^m¬: +91 471 2554714 | ^mIvkv: 2554717Cþ-sa-bnÂ: kudumbashree1@gmail.com | sh_vsskäv: www.kudumbashree.orgsh_v t]mÀ«Â: www.sreesakthi.org
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