Kansas IPM Education October 2005 Termite Treatments Termite Treatments Dr. Richard Houseman...

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termite TreatmentsTermite Treatments

Dr. Richard HousemanDr. Richard Houseman

Assistant Professor of EntomologyAssistant Professor of EntomologyDivision of Plant SciencesDivision of Plant Sciences

University of MissouriUniversity of Missouri

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termite Control Tactics

• Possible Strategies– Physical– Cultural– Biological– Chemical

• Wood Treatments• Soil Barriers• Baits

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Cultural Controls

• Avoid wood-to-soil contact– Log piles against structures– Construction debris– Backfill/front stoop shouldn’t contain wood

• Moisture management– Drainage away from foundation– Gutters, downspouts well-maintained

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Physical Control

• Barriers to tunneling– Sand, basalt, granite, glass, etc.

– Grain size of 2.0-2.8 mm.

– 20cm thick.

– Stainless Steel Mesh• Termi-Mesh

– Thick rubber mats

• Pre-construction only

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Biological Controls

• Nematodes (Steinernema)

– Not effective against subterranean termites in field trials

• Fungi (Metarhizium)

– More successful than nematodes– Bio-Blast (Paragon Professional) – applied as a dust/WP

• Bacteria (Bacillus)– Has been studied, but not currently used

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Chemical Controls

• Wood Treatments– Reduce feeding on structural wood– Pressure treatments or spray-on

• Products– BoraCare/Jecta (Nisus) www.nisuscorp.com

• disodium octaborate tetrahydrate

– Tim-bor (U.S. Borax) www.borax.com• disodium octaborate tetrahydrate

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Chemical Controls

• Chemical Barriers– Applied to soil around structures– 4gal./10ft./1ft.depth– Restricted-use chemicals only

• Repellent vs. Non-repellent?

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Why Soil Barriers?

• To protect areas of the structure where termites are likely to enter.

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Subterranean Termite Control

• Repellent vs. Non-repellents?– Repellent (Pyrethroids)

• Termites detect and move away from treated soil• No mortality

– Non-repellent (Various)• Termites don’t detect treated soil and enter • Mortality results

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

1cm 5cm

T

Termiticide BioassaysTermiticide Bioassays

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

T

TT

Control

Experimental

Repellent Termiticide BioassaysRepellent Termiticide Bioassays

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

TT

Control

Experimental

Non-Repellent Termiticide BioassaysNon-Repellent Termiticide Bioassays

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termite Behavior AssaysTermite Behavior Assays

Nest

Food

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Nest

Food

Repellent Barrier

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termiticides

• Repellent Barrier Products• Biflex TC (FMC) www.fmc-apgspec.com/

– bifenthrin; pyrethroid

• Demon TC (Zeneca) ecaprofprod.com/pest/– cypermethrin; pyrethroid

• Dragnet FT (FMC) www.fmc-apgspec.com/ – permethrin; pyrethroid

• Prelude (Zeneca) www.zenecaprofprod.com/pest/– permethrin; pyrethroid

• Prevail FT (FMC) www.fmc-agspec.com – cypermethrin; pyrethroid

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termiticides

• Repellent Barrier Products (cont’)• Talstar (FMC) www.fmc-apgspec.com/

– deltamethrin; pyrethroid

• Torpedo (Zeneca) www.zeneca.com/– permethrin; pyrethroid

• Prevail FT (FMC) www.fmc-agspec.com – cypermethrin; pyrethroid

• Tribute (AgrEvo) www.agrevo.com – fenvalerate; pyrethroid

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Nest

Food

Non-Repellent Barrier

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termiticides

• Non-repellent Barrier Products• Premise 75 (Bayer) www.nobugs.com

– imidacloprid; chlorinated nicotine derivative

• Termidor 80 (Aventis) www.aventis.com– fipronil; phenyl pyrazole

• Phantom (American Cyanamid) www.basf.com– chlorfenapyr; pyrrole

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Termidor PerimeterPLUS label

• Exterior perimeter – MUST Trench/rod along foundation wall– MUST Drill/rod adjoining slabs/patios

• PLUS– MUST treat active sites indoors (+2ft in at least two

directions).– MAY treat susceptible areas

• Original label directions for spot/partial/full treatments still valid

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

A

Termidor PerimeterPLUS label

A

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Chemical Controls

• Managing Reticulitermes Using Baits – Just ‘killing the queen’ doesn’t work– Centers of activity change in habitat– Splitting colonies can occur using soil

termiticides– Termite baits seek to address colony

networks

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Why Baiting?

• To reduce the number of subterranean termites in the vicinity of a structure.

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Baiting Methods

Four basic methods have been examined:1. Monitoring stations followed by consumable

bait when termites are located

2. Consumable bait in stations prior to detection

3. Consumable bait at the site of infestation

4. Trapping followed by groomable coating applications and release back into station

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Typical Baiting Sequence

In: Termites: Biology and Pest Management MJ Pearce. 1997.

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Baiting Strategies

• Areas where foraging is likely– Temperature and moisture consistent– Food sources nearby– Active sites are best

• Do not want to disrupt foraging/feeding

• Distance between stations– Clustered stations

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Baiting Systems

• Design considerations– Disturbance at station– Monitor integrity/acceptance– Type of active ingredient

• Palatability of active ingredient• Metabolism of active ingredient

– Bait matrix

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Commercial Baits

• Sentricon (noviflumeron)

• Firstline (sulfluramid)

• Exterra (diflubenzuron)

• Subterfuge (hydramethylnon)

• Advance (diflubenzuron)

• Terminate (sulfluramid)

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Sentricon

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

First Line

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Exterra

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Terminate

Kansas IPM EducationOctober 2005

Thank you. Questions or Comments?