Judge Ruling

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8/20/2019 Judge Ruling

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IN THE UN ITED

ST TES

DISTRI T

 OURT

FOR THE

E STERN DISTR I T OF VIRGINI

LEX NDRI

DIVISION

PRO-FOOTBALL, INC., )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

V. )  ase No. 1:14-cv-01043-GBL.IDD

)

AMANDA BLACKHORSE, et al., )

)

Defendants. )

MEMOR NDUM OPIN ION  ND

OR R

THISMATTER is before the Court on two sets of cross-motions for summary judgment.

First, Plaintiff Pro-Football, Inc. ( PFI ), Defendants

Amanda

Blackhorse, Marcus Briggs-

Cloud, Phillip Cover, Jillian Pappan, and Courtney Tsotigh ( BlackhorseDefendants ), and the

United States ofAmerica filed cross-motions for

summary

judgment on PFI s claims challenging

theconstitutionality of Section 2(a) of theLanham Act (Counts III-VI) (Docs. 54,

105,

and

108).

Second, Blackhorse Defendants and PFI filed cross-motions for summary judgment on PFI s

claims

contesting

the

Trademark Trial

and Appeal Board s

( TTAB ) Order cancelling

the

registrations of six of PFI s trademarks on thegrounds that they consisted of matter that may

disparage NativeAmericans and bring them into contempt or disrepute, and that thedefense of

laches does not bar the claims (Counts I, II, and VII) (Docs. 69 and 79). This case concerns

Blackhorse

Defendants

petition

to

cancel

the

registration

ofsix

trademarks owned

by

PFI

on the

grounds that

the

marks

consisted

of

matter that may disparage

a

substantial composite

of

Native Americans and bring them into contempt or disrepute under Section 2(a) of the Lanham

Act,

15

U.S.C. § 1052(a), at the timeof their registrations (1967, 1974,

1978,

and

1990).

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