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Presented by Frédéric Achard
JRC future activities: TropForest and ReCaREDD projects
First ‘High level’ objective of the FRC unit
Assessment of the state and condition (extent, health & vitality, threats) of forest resources, and monitoring of their trends
Activity 1.1. Production of updates of forest cover assessments (with improved accuracy) for Europe and the Tropics
Activity 1.2. Development of Earth Observation based monitoring techniques used in combination with ancillary data (e.g. from forest inventories…) to assess forest degradation processes for Europe and the tropical regions.
Activity 1.3. …
Activity 3.4. Development of improved internationally agreed methods for the estimation of carbon fluxes from changes in forest resources
Activity 3.5. Technology transfer to developing countries for enhancement of their forest resources monitoring & reporting capabilities
Third High level objective of the FRC unit
Analysis of Climate Change adaptation and mitigation in forestry, preparing forests for climate change and proposing measures to mitigate carbon emissions
Tropical South and Central America Sub - Saharan Africa South and Southeast Asia
1230 sample units 2045 sample units 741 sample units
Assessment of Forest resources from a systematic sample20 km X 20 km size boxes at every full degree confluence point
-> 4016 sample units in the tropics
Forest Mask Normalized
L0 L1 L2
Segmentation, 2 Levels: 1 & 5 ha
De-hazedCalibrated ETM
Automated Pre-processing Chain
Year 2000 data >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Year 2010 data >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Pre-processing of Landsat imagery (30 m res)
Beuchle et al. (2011) Int. J. Remote Sens. 32:7009-7031
Bodart et al. (2011) ISPRS J. Photogram. Remote Sensing, 66: 555–563.
Raši et al (2011) Remote Sens. Env. 115:3659–3669
Raši et al (2013) IEEE JSTARS 6:66-73
Eva et al., 2012, Forest cover changes in tropical South and Central America from 1990 to 2005 and related carbon emissions and removals Remote Sens. 4, 1369-1391
Annual deforestation rates during period 1990-2000
FAO & JRC. 2012 Global forest land-use change 1990–2005FAO Forestry Paper No. 169. http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/remotesensi ngsurvey/en/
Mayaux et al, State and evolution of the African rainforests between 1990 and 2010. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. accepted
Bodart et al, 2013 Continental estimates of forest cover and forest cover changes in the dry ecosystems of Africa for the period 1990 – 2000. Journal of Biogeography. doi:10.1111/jbi.12084
Forest area estimates for year 2000 (million ha) in South & Central America
Source
Region
FAO FRA- 2000 RSS / Landsat Pathfinder
TREES- II
SDSUFAO
FRA-2010 Country Survey
This study
Central and South America
700(RSS-2000)
727 814 884 753
BrazilForests
Forests + OWL (2010)546563
418519
Legal Amazon 344(LP)
369 376
-> very good correspondence between INPE and JRC/EMBRAPA interpretations
y = 1.017x - 847.2R2 = 0.98610
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
Forest area 1990 (ha) Sao Jose dos Campos
Fore
st a
rea
1990
(ha)
Cam
pina
s
y = 1.0078x + 105.55R2 = 0.9777
-10 000
-5 000
-
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
-10 000 -5 000 - 5 000 10 000 15 000 20 000 25 000
Deforestation -Sao Jose dos Campos Team (ha)
Def
ores
tatio
n - C
ampi
nas
Team
(ha)
Forest area (1990 epoch)y = 1.017x - 847.2 R2 = 0.9861
Deforestation 1990-2000y = 1.0078x + 105.55 R2 = 0.9777
Based on 34 sample units,
mostly in forest change
areas
Comparison with INPE results
JRC sample sites on ABG Biomass map (Saatchi map)
S09 W062
Saatchi et al, PNAS, 2011
S09_W062Tree Cover2000 with
fullycontained
SaatchiMap pixels
S09_W062change
2000-2010With year 2000‘pure’
Saatchipixels
Eva et al., 2012, Forest cover changes in tropical South and Central America from 1990 to 2005 and related carbon emissions and removals Remote Sens. 4, 1369-1391
Deforestation Carbon emissions
To
From
Forest land
Other Land“Intact (natural) Forest”
“non-intact Forest”
Forest land
“Intact (natural) Forest”
Forest conservation
Forest Degradation Deforestation
“non- intact
Forest”
Enhancement ofC stocks
(forest restoration)
Sustainable Management
of ForestsDeforestation
Other Land -Enhancement
of C stocks(A/R)
Stock change method: C before – C after
Gain-loss: growth – harvest – other losses
UNFCCC REDD+ requirements
Bucki et al, 2012, Assessing REDD+ performance of countries with low monitoring capacities: the matrix approach. Environ. Res. Lett., 7 (2012) 014031.
Remote sensing parameters for degradation monitoring
Forest degradation parameter (from definitions)
Visual variable Forest degradation parameter in remote sensing
Reduction of carbon stock (biomass)
• Forest fragmentation
• Forest ‘thinning’
• Canopy density/crown cover reduction
• Not detectable
Reduction of wood value • Loss of older trees
• Loss of valuable species
• Texture change (smaller forest canopies)
• Reflectance change
Canopy reduction • Forest fragmentation • Canopy density
Change in structure • Trees layers change • Texture change
Change in species composition
• Forest structure and function change
• Reflectance change
Loss of productivity (function)
• Reduction of green vegetation
• FAPAR long term change
Loss of biodiversity • Forest homogenization • Texture change
Natural caused • - • Rainfall, T, fires
Long-term duration • - • Time series
(Sample Site N18 E082, India)
Kompsat, 4 m resolution
20 January 2010
Landsat, 30 m resolution
15 December 2001
Assessment of tropical forest degradation from fine resolution imagery (c. 10m)
ReCaREDD project (to start in October 2013)
Strengthening national and regional capacities for reporting on the mitigation actions of the forest sector
The project will cover selected tropical regions or countries with 3 main activities:
1. Further development of methodologies with partner countries for reporting on the reduction of emissions and the enhancement of carbon stocks,
2. Strengthening of regional forest observatories and related national institutions in selected countries for their reporting to the UNFCCC (REDD+),
3. Provision of transparent and consistent information of forest-cover evolution to policy makers in partner countries and EU services involved in international environmental negotiations.
Just published (Nov. 2012)
www.routledge.com/books/details/9781466552012
Thanks for your attention
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