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Early Twen+eth-‐Century Fic+on e20fic14.blogs.rutgers.edu
Oct 2. Joyce, Portrait (1)
Prof. Andrew Goldstone (andrew.goldstone@rutgers.edu) (Murray 019, Mondays 2:30–4:30)
CA: Evan Dresman (evan.dresman@rutgers.edu) (36 Union St. 217, Wednesdays 12:00–2:00)
Housekeeping
• Paper • Due Monday, Oct 6 at 5pm • Submit (in PDF if possible) to Sakai Assignments 2 tool
• Commonplacing • No commonplacing for Monday
James Joyce bare outlines
1882 born Dublin 1904 leaves Ireland for good 1905 Trieste 1907 Chamber Music (poems) 1914 Dubliners (wri]en earlier) 1914 Portrait in Egoist magazine 1915 Zurich 1916 Portrait (book pub.) 1917–22 Ulysses 1920 Paris 1923–39 Finnegans Wake 1941 dies Joyce, Zurich, 1915
Modernist Journals Project h]p://modjourn.org/index.html
A Portrait of the Ar<st As a Young Man
Et ignotas animum dimi@t in artes. Ovid, Metamorphoses, VIII, 188
So then to unimagined arts he set his mind… …and altered nature’s laws.
Genre
Bildungsroman novel of development/cul+va+on/coming of age Ger: bildung (development, forma+on) +
roman (novel) A kind of novel that follows the development of the hero or heroine from childhood or adolescence into adulthood, through a troubled quest for iden+ty.
-‐Oxford Dic<onary of Literary Terms
Bildung He turned to the flyleaf of the geography and read what he had wri]en there: himself, his name and where he was.
Stephen Dedalus Class of Elements
Clongowes Wood College Sallins
County Kildare Ireland Europe
The World The Universe
(12)
Consciousness
• Sense – “He leaned his elbows on the table and shut and opened the flaps of his hears. Then he heard the noise of the refectory every +me he opened the flaps of his ears. It made a roar like a train and night. And when he closed the flaps the roar was shut off like a train going into a tunnel.” (10)
Consciousness
• Sense – “He leaned his elbows on the table and shut and opened the flaps of his hears. Then he heard the noise of the refectory every +me he opened the flaps of his ears. It made a roar like a train and night. And when he closed the flaps the roar was shut off like a train going into a tunnel.” (10)
• Memory – “That night at Dalkey the train had roared like that…” (10)
Consciousness • Sense
– “He leaned his elbows on the table and shut and opened the flaps of his hears. Then he heard the noise of the refectory every +me he opened the flaps of his ears. It made a roar like a train and night. And when he closed the flaps the roar was shut off like a train going into a tunnel.” (10)
• Memory – “That night at Dalkey the train had roared like that…” (10)
• Language – “Words which he did not understand he said over and over to himself +ll he had learned them by heart: and through them he had glimpses of the real world about him.” (52)
Consciousness • Sense
– “He leaned his elbows on the table and shut and opened the flaps of his hears. Then he heard the noise of the refectory every +me he opened the flaps of his ears. It made a roar like a train and night. And when he closed the flaps the roar was shut off like a train going into a tunnel.” (10)
• Memory – “That night at Dalkey the train had roared like that…” (10)
• Language – “Words which he did not understand he said over and over to himself +ll he had learned them by heart: and through them he had glimpses of the real world about him.” (52)
• Thought – “By thinking of things, you could understand them.” (36)
Sense, memory, language, thought Suck was a queer word. The fellow called Simon
Moonan that name because Simon Moonan used to +e the prefect’s false sleeves behind his back and the prefect used to let on to be angry. But the sound was ugly. Once he had washed his hands in the lavatory of the Wicklow Hotel and his father pulled the stopper up by the chain aner and the dirty water went down through the hole in the basin. And when it had all gone down slowly the hole in the basin had made a sound like that: suck. Only louder.
To remember that and the white look of the lavatory made him feel cold and then hot. There were two cocks that you turned and the water came out: cold and hot. He felt cold and then a li]le hot: and he could see the names printed on the cocks. That was a very queer thing.
(8-‐9)
Language
• Language makes meaning in the world – By naming
Bildung He turned to the flyleaf of the geography and read what he had wri]en there: himself, his name and where he was.
Stephen Dedalus Class of Elements
Clongowes Wood College Sallins
County Kildare Ireland Europe
The World The Universe
(12)
Language
• Language makes meaning in the world – By naming
• BUT – Names are not one to one – Language is slippery
Bildung
—I am Stephen Dedalus. I am walking beside my father whose name is Simon Dedalus. We are in Cork, in Ireland. Cork is a city. Our room is in the Victoria Hotel. Victoria and Stephen and Simon. Simon and Stephen and Victoria. Names.
The memory of his childhood suddenly grew dim.
(77–78)
Language • Language makes meaning in the world – By naming
• BUT – Names are not one to one – Language is slippery
• Language can go beyond the world as it is… – “Perhaps a wild rose might be like those colours and he remembered the song about the wild rose blossoms on the li]le green place. But you could not have a green rose. But perhaps somewhere in the world you could.” (9) – Art!
Genre
Bildungsroman novel of development/cul+va+on/coming of age Künstlerroman ar+st-‐novel
(Literary) Ar+st in forma+on —O, Stephen will apologise. Dante said: —O, if not, the eagles will come and pull out his eyes.
Pull out his eyes, Apologise, Apologise, Pull out his eyes. Apologise, Pull out his eyes. Pull out his eyes, Apologise.
(5-‐6)
Discussion
• Find another example of Stephen’s imagina+ve play with language to remake or ques+on his experiences. Concentrate on the first chapter.
• How does the use of language in the passage reflect the act of art-‐making?
James Joyce bare outlines
Joyce, 1923
1882 born Dublin 1891 death of Parnell 1904 leaves Ireland for good 1914 Dubliners (wri]en earlier) 1914 Portrait in Egoist magazine 1916 Easter Rising 1916 Portrait (book pub.) 1917–22 Ulysses 1919 Irish War of Independence 1922 Irish Free State; civil war 1923–39 Finnegans Wake 1941 dies
Bildung, Poli+cs, Language It pained him that he did not know well what poli+cs meant and that he did not know where the universe ended. He felt small and weak. (13) -‐-‐O, he'll remember all this when he grows up, said Dante hotly-‐-‐the language he heard against God and religion and priests in his own home. -‐-‐Let him remember too, cried Mr Casey to her from across the table, the language with which the priests and the priests' pawns broke Parnell's heart and hounded him into his grave. Let him remember that too when he grows up. (28)
Parnell • Charles Stewart Parnell – Member of Parliament – Founder and Leader of Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP)
– Sought to secure Home Rule for Ireland
– Was named as “co-‐respondent” in divorce filings by Captain O’Shea against Katherine O’Shea (Parnell’s mistress); scandal erupts
– IPP splits, Catholic Church widely denounces Parnell
– Parnell dies
Consciousness • Sense, memory, language, thought…
…all bound up with POLITICS: • Na+on (Empire) • Religion (Church) • Class (Wealth, Status) …all connected to/versions of AUTHORITY
(patriarchy?)
Poli+cs, Authority, Language, Art -‐-‐And who is the best poet, Heron? asked Boland. -‐-‐Lord Tennyson, of course, answered Heron… -‐-‐Tennyson a poet! Why, he’s only a rhymester! …-‐-‐And who do you think is the greatest poet? asked Boland... -‐-‐Byron, of course, answered Stephen… …Byron the greatest poet! He’s only a poet for uneducated people…In any case Byron was a here+c and immoral too.
(67-‐8)
Discussion
• How is Stephen’s meaning-‐making with language (in terms of consciousness, in terms of art) reflect the forces of authority (na+on, religion, class)? – Find a passage to discuss.
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