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SRI GANGA PUBLICATIONS(A UNIT OF SHYAMALA GROUP)

Corporate Office :No. 1, Sugar Mill Colony,

Salai Kumaran illam,Madurai Road,

Tirunelveli - 627001.Phone : 0462 - 233 8899 / 233 8484Mobile : 94431 58484 / 95978 39822

Email : suryaguides@yahoo.com

Website : www.suryapublications.in

Registered Office :New No. 59, 4th Avenue,Opp. to Govt. Boys Hr. Sec. School,Ashok Nagar,Chennai - 600 083.Phone : 044 - 2474 4484Mobile : 94421 58484 / 94425 58484Email : srigangapublications5@gmail.com

6/ 7/ 8STD

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www.Padasalai.Net www.TrbTnpsc.com

Account Name : SURYA PUBLICATIONSAccount Number : 446971431Bank Name : INDIAN BANKIFSC Code : IDIB000T034Branch Name : TIRUNELVELI JUNCTION

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Account Name : SURYA PUBLICATIONSAccount Number : 510909010051752Bank Name : CITY UNION BANKIFSC Code : CIUB0000230Branch Name : PALAYAMKOTTAI

Account Name : SRI GANGA PUBLICATIONAccount Number : 512020010022514Bank Name : CITY UNION BANKIFSC Code : CIUB0000230Branch Name : PALAYAMKOTTAI

OUR BANK DETAILSTIRUNELVELI ACCOUNT

CHENNAI ACCOUNT

Published ByB. ARUMUGAMSRI GANGA PUBLICATIONS(A unit of Shyamala Group)

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& khzth;fs; & bgw;nwhh;fs; Mfpa midtUf;Fk;

ed;wp.

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1.3 ciueil cyfk; : fy;tpf;fz; jpwe;jth; 9

1.4 tphpthdk; : E}yfk; nehf;fp 13

1.5 fw;fz;L : ,d vGj;Jfs; 16

2.1 ftpijg; ngiH : Mrhuf;nfhit 20

2.2 ftpijg; ngiH : fz;kzpna fz;Qw=;F 24

2.3 ciueil cyfk; : jkpHh; bgUtpHh 28

2.4 tphpthdk; : kdk; ftUk; khky;yg[uk; 32

2.5 fw;fz;L : ka=;bfhypfs; 36

2.6 thH;tpyay; : jpUf;Fws; 40

3.1 ftpijg; ngiH : ehdpyk; gilj;jtd; 44

3.2 ftpijg; ngiH : flnyhL tpisahL 48

3.3 ciueil cyfk; : tsUk; tzpfk; 52

3.4 tphpthdk; : ciHg;ng @yjdk; 56

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1.5 fw;fz;L : ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fs; 79

2.1 ftpijg; ngiH : ,d;gj;jkpH;f; fy;tp 83

2.2 ftpijg; ngiH : mHpahr; bry;tk; 87

2.3 ciueil cyfk; : thH;tpf;Fk; fy;tp 91

CONTENTSwww.Padasalai.Org

www.Padasalai.Org

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2.5 fw;fz;L : XbuGj;J xUbkhHp/ gFgjk;/ gfhgjk; 98

3.1 ftpijg; ngiH : xU ntz;Lnfhs; 102

3.2 ftpijg; ngiH : fPiug; ghj;jpa[k; Fjpiua[k; 106

3.3 ciueil cyfk; : ngRk; Xtpa=;fs; 110

3.4 tphpthdk; : jkpH; xsph; ,l=;fs; 115

3.5 fw;fz;L : bjhHpw;bgah; 117

3.6 thH;tpay; : jpUf;Fws; 122

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1.2 ftpijg; ngiH : g[j;jpiaj; jPl;L 130

1.3 ciueil cyfk; : gy;Jiwf; fy;tp 134

1.4 tphpthdk; : Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy; 139

1.5 fw;fz;L : ntw;Wik 142

2.1 ftpijg; ngiH : jpUf;nfjhuk; 146

2.2 ftpijg; ngiH : ghlwpe;J xGFjy; 150

2.3 ciueil cyfk; : ehl;Lg;g[wf; ftpijf; fiyfs; 154

2.4 tphpthdk; : jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfs; 159

2.5 fw;fz;L : bjhifepiy/ bjhfhepiyj; bjhlh;fs; 162

3.1 ftpijg; ngiH : tsk; bgUFf 170

3.2 ftpijg; ngiH : kiHr;nrhW 174

3.3 ciueil cyfk; : bfh=;Fehl;L tzpfk; 178

3.4 tphpthdk; : fhyk; cld; tUk; 182

3.5 fw;fz;L : g[zh;r;rp 185

www.Padasalai.Org

2019?2020 Mk; fy;tp Mz;ow;fhd

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21.12.2019 ? rdp (ntiy ehs;)

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2019?2020 Mk; fy;tp Mz;ow;fhd

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www.Padasalai.Org

GANGA îI›3 in 1gUtk; 2

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? xsitahh;

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Ê ,ay; : xd;W (fz;bzdj; jFk;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tp fw;wthpd; rpwg;gpid kl;Lk;

tpsf;Ftjhy;/ jdpj;jtifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Mrphpah; ghliy re;j eaj;njhL/ ghl

mjidf; nfl;L khzth;fs;/ jhnd fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ @Jiu ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ xsitahh; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L / mt;tpilfspd; tHpna

ghl mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

¾ E}y;btspg; gFjpapid Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs;

jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

¾ g[jpa brhw;fis mof;nfholy;

¾ mfuhjp bfhz;L bghUs; mwpe;J vGJjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

GANGA îI› 3 in 1 gUtk; 2

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fy;tp fw;wtUf;Fr;

brd;w ,lbky;yhk;

rpwg;g[

kd;dd; / fw;wth;

xg;gPL bra;J

Muha;jy;

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ghh;j;jhy; kd;did tplf; fw;wtnu rpwe;jth;. kd;dDf;Fj; jd;

ehl;oy; kl;Lnk rpwg;g[. fy;tp fw;wth;f;Fr; brd;w ,l=;fspy;

vy;yhk; rpwg;g[.

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¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp / xl;L bkhj;j

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ tpiut[f; FwpaPL kw;Wk; kof;fzpdp @yk; ghly; fhl;rpfisf;

fhl;o / ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

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¾ khzhf;fh; jpwd; mwpa rpy tpdhf;fs; nfl;ly;.

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT)

¾ xsitahh; Vd; fw;wthpd; rpwg;ig nkk;gLj;jp ciuf;fpwhh;>

¾ `brd;w ,lbky;yhk; rpwg;g[` ahUf;F> Vd;>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT)

¾ ghlypy; cs;s vJif/ nkhidr; brhw;fis vLj;J vGJf.

¾ fw;wthpd; bgUikfshf @Jiu TWtd ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT)

¾ @Jiu E}iy vGjpath; ahh;>

¾ kd;did tplr; rpwe;jth; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F ghliya[k; bghUspida[k;

fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

¾ brhy;tij vGJjy; / ghlE}y; kjpg;gPl;L tpdhf;fs; vGJjy;.

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ xsitahhpd; ghly; tHpf; fy;tpapd; rpwg;g[fis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ xsitahhpd; gilg;g[fisg; gl;oaypl;L tur; brhy;Yjy;/

fy;tp gw;wpa gpw ftpijfis mwpe;J vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

6 Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (m)

¾ ghliyr; re;j eaj;Jld; ghLjy;.

¾ xsitahhpd; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

¾ fy;tp gw;wpa gHbkhHpfs; bjhFj;jy;.

¾ fy;tp gw;wpa bghd;bkhHpfs; bjhFj;jy;

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (M) : tpdhj;jhs;

fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz;:10

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. khrw ?

2. rPh; ?

3. njrk; ?

M)gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. khrw?

5. rpwg;gpy;iy?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. Fw;wk; + ,y;yhjth;

7. rpwg;g[ + cilahh;

<) nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (3)

8. xsitahh; ,aw;wpa E}y;fSs; xd;W .........................

9. fw;wnwhUf;F ......................... rpwg;g[.

10. @Jiuapd; Mrphpah.........................

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tpapd;; bgUikapid kl;Lk;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Mrphpah; ghliyr; re;j eaj;Jld; ghl

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahz Re;juk; ftpijfs; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahz Re;juk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j

bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L /

mt;tpilfspd; tHpna ghl mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ftpijg; ngiH : Jd;gk;

bty;Yk; fy;tp ? gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahz Re;juk;

Üô° 1.2

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www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

nfhiHfSld; nruf; TlhJ/

Jd;gk; ePf;Fk; fy;tp fw;f/nrhk;gy;

nghf;Ff.tk;g[ bra;a[k; tHf;fk;

tpl;LtpL/thdst[ mwpt[ tsh;f;f/

bghpnahh; mwpt[iu kPwf;

TlhJ.gpwhplk; gHFjy;/

ngRjypy; gz;g[ bewp khwf;

TlhJ. gpwh; ciHg;gpy;

thHf; TlhJ

mwp+h; mwpt[iug;go

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brhy;y tsuf; TlhJ.

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bewp jtwhJ/ey;yth; Fiw brhy;y tsuf; TlhJ. bghpnahh;

mwpt[iu kPwf; TlhJ. gpwhplk; gHFjy/ ngRjypy; gz;g[ bewp

khwf; TlhJ. gpwh; ciHg;gpy; thHf; TlhJ. nfhiHfSld;

nruf; TlhJ/Jd;gk; ePf;Fk; fy;tp fw;f/nrhk;gy; nghf;Ff.tk;g[

bra;a[k; tHf;fk; tpl;LtpL/ thdst[ mwpt[ tsh;f;f ntz;Lk;.

mwp+h; mwpt[iug;go thH;e;J btw;wpa[k; tpUJfSk; th=;f

ntz;Lk/; jha; kw;Wk; jha;ehl;Lg; g[fH; mH;pahJ thH

ntz;Lk;.

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfisf; FGtpdpy; tH=;fp / xl;L bkhj;j

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL @yk; ghly; fhl;rpfisf;

fhl;o / ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fy;tpahy; tpisa[k; ed;ikfisg; gl;oaypLf.

¾ fy;tp xUtDs; Vw;gLj;Jk; khw;w=;fisg; gw;wp ePtph;

mwpe;jijf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ghlypy; cs;s vJif/ nkhidr; brhw;fis vLj;J vGJf.

¾ vtw;iwbay;yhk; TlhJ vd;W gl;Lf;nfhl;il

fy;ahzRe;juk; TWfpwhh;>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ehk; ahUld; nruf; TlhJ>

¾ vjid ek;gp thHf; TlhJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;Fg; ghliya[k; ghlypd;

bghUspida[k; fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahzRe;juk; ghly; tHp thGk; Kiwapid

khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahzRe;juj;jpd; thH;f;iff; Fwpg;ig

E}yfj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp vGjptur;; brhy;Yjy;/

gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahzRe;juj;jpd; gpw ftpijfis mwpe;J

vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (m)

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahzRe;juk; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

¾ gl;Lf;nfhl;il fy;ahzRe;juj;jpd; gpw ftpijfs; vGjp

tUjy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL(M) : tpdhj;jhs;

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. @j;njhh; ?

2. nkijfs; ?

3. bewp ?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. ifg;bghUs ?

5. khdkpy;yh ?

,) brhw;bwhlhpy; mikf;f. (2)

6. kdkhw;wk;

7. Vl;Lf;fy;tp ,) nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f.

8. khzth; gpwh; ......................... elf;ff; TlhJ.

9. ehk; ......................... brhy;go elf;f ntz;Lk;.

10. kf;fs; ftp+h; vd;W rpwg;gpf;fg;gLgth; .........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fhkuhrhpd; fy;tpg; gzpfs; gw;wpa gy;ntW

bra;jpfis tpsf;Ftjhy;/ ikrpe;Jk;

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ciug;gj;jpiaf; FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J

khzth;fs;/ FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhkuhrh; tuyhW ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

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tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L/ mt;tpilfspd; tHpna

thrpj;jy;

¾ ciug; gFjpapid Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj;

jdpna thrpj;jy; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ ikaf;fUj;ij mwpjy;

ciueil cyfk; :

fy;tpf;fz; jpwe;jth;

Üô° 1.3

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www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

fhkuhrh;

fy;tpg;gzp

,ytrf; fl;lhaf; fy;tpr; rl;lk;

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jpl;lk;/ gs;spr; rPuikg;g[ khehL

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,ytr kjpa czt[j;jpl;lk;

bfhz;L te;jhh;.; @lg;gl;l

6000 gs;spfs; kPz;Lk;

jpwe;jhh;.

gy fpis

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kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Mrphpag;

gapw;rpf; fy;Y}hpfs;

bjhl=;fpdhh;.

rpWth;fs; ML nka;j;jy;/

rpWth;fsplk; fhkuhrh; gs;sp

bry;yhjijf; nfl;ly;/

Ch;njhWk; gs;sp jpwf;f Kot[.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ ML nka;j;Jfbfhz;L ,Ue;j rpWth;fsplk; fhkuhrh; gs;sp

bry;yhjijf; nfl;L mwpe;jhh;. vdnt / Ch;njhWk; gs;sp

jpwf;f Kot[ bra;jhh;/ ViHf; FHe;ijfSf;F ,ytr kjpa

czt[j;jpl;lk; bfhz;L te;jhh;. @lg;gl;l 6000 gs;spfis

kPz;Lk; jpwe;jhh;.,ytrf; fl;lhaf; fy;tpr; rl;lk; bfhz;L

te;jhh;. fhkuhrh; gs;spfspy; rPUilj; jpl;lk; bfhz;L te;jhh;.

gs;spr; rPuikg;g[ khehL elj;jpdhh;.gy fpis E}yfk;/ bghwpapay;

fy;Y}hpfs;/ kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}hpfs;/fhy;eil kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk;

Mrphpag; gapw;rpf; fy;Y}hpfs; Mfpaw;iwf; fhkuhrh; bjhl=;fpdhh;.

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp / cs;sl=;f xl;L

bkhj;j bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; jkpHpd; rpwg;g[fisf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ fhkuhrh; fy;tpf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;jJ Vd;>

¾ gs;spfspy; rPUiliaf; fhkuhrh; bfhz;Ltuf; fhuzk; ahJ>

¾ fhkuhrhpd; rpwg;g[g; bgah;fs; ahit>

¾ fhkuhrh; ViH khzth;fs; fy;tp fw;f nkw;bfhz;l

eltof;iffs; ahit>

¾ fhkuhrh; fhyj;jpy; bjhl=;fg;gl;l fy;tp epWtd=;fs; ahit>

¾ fhkuhriuf; fy;tpf; fz; jpwe;jth; vd;W ghuhl;oath; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;Ff; TLjy; thrpj;jy;

gapw;rpapida[k; ghlg;bghUspida[k; kPz;Lk; fw;gpj;Jj;

jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tp tsh;r;rpf;Ff; fhkuhrh; Mw;wpa gzpapid khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ fhkuhrh; thH;f;if tuyhw;wpid / E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp

vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ ghlj;jpd; ikaf;fUj;ijf; TWjy;.

¾ fhkuhrhpd; fy;tpg;gzpfs; ? ciug;gj;jpia cuf;fg; goj;jy;.

¾ fhkuhrhpd; fy;tpg;gzpfs; Fwpj;Jg; ngRjy;.

m) xU brhy;ypy; tpilaspf;f. (3)

1. fy;tpf; fz; jpwe;jth; ahh;>

2. fhkuhrhpd; rpwg;g[g; bgah;fSs; xd;W vGJf.

3. eLtzuR fhkuhrUf;F tH=;fpa tpUJ ahJ>

M) gphpj;bjGJf (4)

4. grpapd;wp

5. gog;gwpt[

6. fhl;lhW

7. kjpa czt[

8. tFg;g[

9. cah;fy;tp

10. rPUil

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yfk; gw;wpa gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yf ciuahliyf;;

FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J khzth;fs;/

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ E}yfk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

¾ mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yf ciuahly; RUf;fj;jpid

Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

tphpthdk; : E}yfk; nehf;fp

Üô° 1.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

E}w;whz;L

E}yfk;

VHhk; jsk; : giHa Xiyr; Rto/

tuyhW / g[tpapay; kw;Wk; Rw;Wyh

E}y;fs;/ nghl;oj;njh;t[ E}y;fs;/

kpd; E}yfk;

jiuj; jsk; : gpbua;yp

vGj;J E}y;fs;/ Kjy;

jsk; : efUk; gof;fl;L/

FHe;ijfSf;fhd

rpwg;g[g;gFjp

Fsph;rhjd trjp/ Tl;l

mu=;F/ fiyau=;F/

fUj;ju=;ff; Tlk;/

fz;fhl;rp mu=;F

Mrpahtpy; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;

bghpa E}yfk;.

8 Vf;fh; gug;g[ / jiuj;jsk;/vl;L

mLf;Ffs; mike;jJ.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ Mrpahtpy; ,uz;lhtJ kpfg; bghpa E}yfk; MFk;. ,J 8

Vf;fh; gug;g[k; / jiuj;jsk;/ vl;L mLf;FfAlDk; mike;jJ.

jiuj; jsj;jpy; ghh;itj;jpwd; FiwghL cilath;fSf;;fhfg;

gpbua;yp vGj;J E}y;fs; cs;sd. Kjy; jsj;jpy; efUk;

gof;fl;Lfs; cs;sd.FHe;ijfSf;fhd rpwg;g[g;gFjpa[k;

cs;sd.VHhk; jsj;jpy; giHa Xiyr; Rto/ tuyhW/ g[tpapay;

kw;Wk; Rw;Wyh E}y;fs;/ nghl;oj;njh;t[ E}y;fs; /kpd; E}

yfk; Mfpait ,lk;bgw;Ws;sJ. Fsph;rhjd trjp/ Tl;l

mu=;F/ fiyau=;F/ fUj;ju=;ff; Tlk;/ fz;fhl;rp mu=;F

Mfpaita[k; ,=;Fs;sJ.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; mz;zh E}w;whz;L

E}yfj;ijf; fhl;o / ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yfj;jpy; cs;s js=;fspy;

,lk;bgw;Ws;stw;iwf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ,e;jpa E}yf mwptpaypd; je;ij ahh;>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ Mrpaf; fz;lj;jpnyna ,uz;lhtJ kpfg;bghpa E}yfk; vJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F TLjy; thrpj;jy;

gapw;rpapida[k; ghlg;bghUspd; RUf;fj;ija[k; fw;gpj;Jj;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yfk; gw;wpa bra;jpfis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W E}yf mikg;g[ Kiwapid vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

¾ mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yfk; ;fUj;jpidr; RUf;fp vGjp tUjy;.

¾ E}yf tifapid mwpe;J te;J TWjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHpy; cs;s ,d vGj;Jfs; tif bjhif

gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis tpsf;Ftjhy;/

kuf;fpis tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ,d vGj;Jfspd; tif bjhif fUj;Jfisf;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ vGj;J vd;why; vd;d> vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk;

nfl;L / mt;tpilfspd; tHpna ghl mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

¾ Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ rhd;Wfs; mwpjy; kw;Wk; tifg;gLj;jy;

fw;fz;L : ,d vGj;Jfs;

Üô° 1.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

vGj;Jfs;

bky;ypd vGj;ij mLj;J

ty;ypd vGj;J tUk;.

rhd;W : jp=;fs; / k+;rs;

ty;ypd bka; MWf;F

bky;ypd bka; MWk; ,d

vGj;Jfs;.

caph; ,d vGj;Jfs;:

Mm / <, / Cc / Vv /

I, / Xx /

xypf;Fk; Kaw;rp / gpwf;Fk; .lk;

Mfpatw;wpy; xw;Wik cz;L.

,t;bthw;Wika[s;s vGj;Jfs;

,d vGj;Jfs;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ xypf;Fk; Kaw;rp / gpwf;Fk; .lk; Mfpatw;wpy; xw;Wik cz;L.

,t;bthw;Wika[s;s vGj;Jfs; ,d vGj;Jfs;.

¾ ty;ypd bka; MWf;F bky;ypd bka; MWk; ,d vGj;Jfs;.

¾ bky;ypd vGj;ij mLj;J ty;ypd vGj;J tUk;. rhd;W :

jp=;fs; / k+;rs;

¾ caph; ,d vGj;Jfs;: Mm / <, / Cc / Vv / I, / Xx /

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdp @yk; ,yf;fzr;; rpwg;g[fisg; ghlyhff; fhl;o /

ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

¾ ty;ypd ,d vGj;Jf;Fr; rhd;Wfs; TWf.

¾ caph; vGj;Jfspd; ,d vGj;Jfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.

¾ ,d vGj;J vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F ,d vGj;Jfis kPz;Lk;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ,d vGj;Jfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ,d vGj;Jfspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

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¾ ,d vGj;Jfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp tUjy;.

¾ ,d vGj;J rhd;W Twy;

m) ty;ypdk; kw;Wk; bky;ypd vGj;ij tifg;gLj;Jf. (3)

1. f / +/ r / z /l

M) ,d vGj;J vGJf (4)

,) ,d vGj;J mika[k; rhd;W @d;W vGJf. (3)

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ,ay; : ,uz;L (ghlwpe;J xGFjy;;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ey;byhGf;fg; gl;oaiy kl;Lk;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Mrphpah; ghliyr; re;j eaj;njhL/ ghl

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ Mrhuf;nfhit ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ fPH;fzf;F E}y;fs; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf>

vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L/ mt;tpilfspd;

tHpna ghl mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ftpijg; ngiH : Mrhuf;nfhit

? bgUthapd; Ks;spahh;;

Üô° 2.1

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

tpj;Jfs;

gpwUf;F cjt[jy;/

mwpt[ilatuhf ,Uj;jy;.

caph;fSf;Fj; Jd;gk;

bra;ahik / fy;tpawpt[

bgWjy; .

ew;gz;g[

cilatnuhL el;g[

bfhs;Sjy;.

cjtpia kwf;fhik / jPikfs;

bghWj;jy; / ,d;brhy; ngRjy; .

bjhFj;jy;

¾ cjtpia kwf;fhik

¾ jPikfs; bghWj;jy;

¾ ,d;brhy; ngRjy;

¾ caph;fSf;Fj; Jd;gk; bra;ahik

¾ fy;tpawpt[ bgWjy;

¾ gpwUf;F cjt[jy;

¾ mwpt[ilatuhf ,Uj;jy;

¾ ew;gz;g[ cilatnuhL el;g[ bfhs;Sjy;

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy;tpiut[f; FwpaPL @yk; ghly; fhl;rpfisf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ bgUthapd; Ks;spahh ; Fwpg;gpLk; xGf;f bewpfisg;

gl;oaypLf.

¾ ey;byhGf;f=;fis tpj;J vdf; TWtjpd; fhuzj;ij rpe;jpj;J

¾ ehk; ahUld; el;g[ bfhs;s ntz;Lk;>

¾ Mrhuf;nfhitapd; Mrphpah; ahh;>

¾ Mrhuf;nfhitapd; bghUs; ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;Fg; ghlypd; bghUspidf;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Mrhuf;nfhit ghly; tHp xGf;f bewpfis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ bgUthapd; Ks;spahh; Fwpg;gpid E}yfj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp

vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;/ xGf;fk; gw;wpa gpw ftpijfis

mwpe;J vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL(m)

¾ fPH;f;fzf;F E}y;fspd; bgah;fs; kw;Wk; Mrphpah;fs; bgahpid

ml;ltizahf vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ xGf;fk; gw;wpa gHbkhHpfs;/ bghd; bkhHpfs; bjhFj;jy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. Mrhuk; ?

2. tpj;J?

3. xg;g[ut[ ?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. ed;wpawpjy;?

5. bghiwa[ilik?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6.mwpt[ + cilik.

7.,it + vl;Lk;;

8. Mrhuf;nfhitapd; Mrphpah;???????????

9. gpwhplk ;?????? ngRntd;.

10. bgUthapd; Ks;spahh; gpwe;j Ch ;???????.

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHh;fspd; thH;f;if Kiwapid kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypg;bgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ jhyhl;Lg; ghly;fs; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf>

vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L / mt;tpilfspd;

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

ftpijg; ngiH : fz;kzpna

fz;Qw=;F

Üô° 2.2

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

thH;f;if

te;njhiu ,d;Kfj;Jld;

tuntw;W mWRit czt[ jUk;

nrhH ehl;L Kf;fdpna-

j=;fg;g{ gjpj;jj;

bjhl;oypy; cw=;f te;j

nruehl;L Kj;nj-

Fsk; btl;o /

miz fl;o kf;fspd;

grpnghf;Fk; ghz;oad;

Kj;nj-

fz;Qw=;F.

jkpH;r;nrhiyg; g{ vLj;J /

,ira[ld; gho cyfk; g[fH

te;jhnah>

bjhFj;jy;

¾ jkpH;r;nrhiyg; g{ vLj;J / ,ira[ld; gho cyfk; g[fH

te;jhnah>

¾ j=;fg;g{ gjpj;jj; bjhl;oypy; cw=;f te;j nruehl;L Kj;nj-

¾ tPl;ow;F te;njhiu ,d;Kfj;Jld; tuntw;W mWRit

czt[ jUk; nrhH ehl;L Kf;fdpna-

¾ Fsk; btl;o / miz fl;o kf;fspd; grpnghf;Fk; ghz;oad;

Kj;nj-

¾ fz;nz- fz;kzpna- fz;Qw=;F.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

fhl;o/ ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ @nte;jh;fspd; ehl;Lr; rpwg;gpidf; TWf.

¾ jkpHh; kugpid ghly; tHpf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ghlypy; ,lk; bgWk; Ke;ehLfs; vit>

¾ jhyhl;L vd;why; vd;d>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jhyhl;Lg; ghliy vt;thW bjhl=;Ffpd;wdh;>

¾ gz; vd;gjd; bghUs; ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ehl;Lg;g[wj; jhyhl;Lg;; ghly; tHp thH;f;if Kiwapid

bjhlh;gzp

¾ gpw jhyhl;Lg; ghly;fis mwpe;J vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

¾ jhyhl;Lg;ghliyr; re;j eaj;Jld; ghLjy;.

¾ @nte;jh;fspd; tuyhw;iwr; RUf;fkhf vGjp tUjy;.

¾ ehl;Lg;g[wg;ghly; tiffis mwpe;J te;J ngRjy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. ee;jtdk;?

2. ghh;?

3. gz; ?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. ghl;oirj;J ?

5. fz;Qw=;F ?

,) bjhifr; brhw;fis tphpj;J vGJf. (2)

6. Kf;fdp ?

7. Kj;jkpH;?

8. cjpj;j vd;w brhy;Yf;Fhpa vjph;r;brhy; .........................

9. tha;bkhHp ,yf;fpa=;fSs; xd;W.........................

10. Kj;J......................... ehl;Lf;F chpaJ.

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : bgh=;fy; jpUtHh gw;wpa gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhl;rpg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ bgh=;fy; tpHh Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ mfuhjp bfhz;L bghUs; mwpe;J vGJjy

ciueil cyfk; : jkpHh;

bgUtpHh

Üô° 2.3

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

bgh=;fy;

khl;Lg;bgh=;fy;

bgh=;fYf;F mLj;j ehs;

khl;Lg;bgh=;fy;. cHt[f;Fj; Jiz

bra;a[k; khLfSf;Fr; rpwg;g[ bra;th;. rpy

,l=;fspy; k+;R tpul;Lk; elf;Fk;/

bgh=;fy; jpUehs;ij Kjy; ehs; bgh=;fy;.

tz;zj; njhuzk; /

khf;nfhyk; g[jpa mhprp/

bts;sk; / Ke;jphp / bea;

nrh;j;Jg; bgh=;fy; bra;jy;/

bgh=;fp tUk; nghJ

bgh=;fnyh bgh=;fy; vd;W

xyp. fjputDf;fg;

gilay;.

fhQk; bgh=;fy;

khl;Lg; bgh=;fYf;F

mLj;j ehs;/ ez;gh; /

cwtpdh; tPL/ tpUk;gpa

,lk; brd;W kfpH;th;.

fiy epfH;r;rp kw;Wk;

nghl;ofs; itj;Jg;

ghprspj;jy;.

nghfpj; jpUehs;

gadw;w bghUs;fis ePf;fp tPl;ilj;

J}a;ik bra;a[k; ehs; nghfpj; jpUehs;/

khh;fHp khjj;jpd; ,Wjp ehs;/

bjhFj;jy;

nghfpj;

jpUehs;bgh=;fy; jpUehs; khl;Lg;bgh=;fy;

bgh=;fy;

gadw;w

bghUs;fis

ePf;fp

tPl;ilj;

J}a;ik

bra;a[k;

ehs; nghfpj;

jpUehs;/

khh;fHp

khjj;jpd;

,Wjp ehs;.

ij Kjy;

ehs; bgh=;fy;.

tz;zj;

njhuzk;/

khf;nfhyk; g[jpa

mhprp/ bty;yk;/

Ke;jphp/ bea;

nrh;j;Jg; bgh=;fy;

bra;jy;/ bgh=;fp

tUk; nghJ

bgh=;fnyh

bgh=;fy; vd;W

xyp. fjputDf;fg;

gilay;.

bgh=;fYf;F

mLj;j ehs;

khl;Lg;bgh=;fy;.

cHt[f;Fj;

Jiz bra;a[k;

khLfSf;Fr;

rpwg;g[ bra;th;.

rpy ,l=;fspy;

k+;R tpul;Lk;

elf;Fk;/

khl;Lg;

bgh=;Yf;F

mLj;j ehs;/

ez;gh; /

cwtpdh; tPL/

tpUk;gpa

,lk; brd;W

kfpH;th;.

fiy epfH;r;rp

kw;Wk;

nghl;ofs;

itj;Jg;

ghprspj;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp / cs;sl=;f xl;L

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; jkpHpd; rpwg;g[fisf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ bgh=;fy; tpHh bfhz;lhlg;gLtjd; nehf;fk; ahJ>

¾ fhQk; bgh=;fy; vt;thW kf;fsplk; xw;Wikia tsh;f;fpwJ>

¾ fhQk; bgh=;fiy kf;fs; vt;thW bfhz;lhLfpd;wdh;>

¾ bgh=;fy; bra;a[k; Kiw ahJ>

¾ nghfpg; gz;oif vjw;fhf; bfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wJ>

¾ cHth;fs; Vd; khLfSf;F ed;wp brYj;Jfpd;wdh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;Ff;TLjy; thrpj;jy;

gapw;rpapida[k; ghlg;bghUspida[k; kPz;Lk;fw;gpj;Jj;

vGJjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ bgh=;fy; jpUehs; gw;wp khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ bgh=;fy; Fwpj;j gpw bra;jpfis E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ bjhpe;J bjspnthk; ? ciug;gj;jpia cuf;fg; goj;jy;.

¾ ``bgh=;fy; tpHhtpy; ehd;~~ jiyg;g[f; Fwpj;Jg; ngRjy;.

1. jpUts;Sth; jpdk; vg;nghJ>

2. g+;rhg; khepyj;jpy; bgh=;fypd; bgah; ahJ>

3. jkpHh; jpUehs; vJ>

M) gphpj;J vGJf (4)

4. bgh=;fyd;W

5. nghfpg;gz;oif

6. khtpiy

7. jpUts;Stuhz;L

8. bgh=;fy;

9. bry;tk;

10. gz;ghL

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : khky;yg[uk; gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

tpsf;Ftjhy;/ ikrpe;Jk; tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : khky;yg[uf; fiyaHiff; FGthfg; goj;J/

mwpe;J khzth;fs;/ FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ khky;yg[uk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

tphpthdk; : kdk; ftUk;

khky;yg[uk;

Üô° 2.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

khky;yg[uk;

,uz;L ghiwfspYk; 150 nkw;gl;l

rpw;g=;fs;g[ilg;g[r; rpw;g=;fs;. mh;r;Rdd;

jtk; bra;a[k; fhl;rp mh;r;Rdd; jgR.

,jid gfPujd; jtk; vd;gh;.

Ie;J ,uj=;fs;

cs;sjhy;

g+;rghz;lth;

,ujk;.mh;r;Rdd;

jgR vd;w ghiwapy;

kdpjh;fs; / gwitfs; /

tpy=;Ffs; Mfpait

capUs;sijg; nghynt

rpw;g=;fs; ,Uf;Fk;.

Mfha f=;if nghy

kiHf;fhyj;jpy;

,Ughiwfspd; eLnt

kiHePh; XLk;. ,J f=;if

nghy XLk;.

gy;yt kd;dd; eurpk;k th;kd;.

mtDf;F khky;yd; vd;w ntW

bgaUk; cz;L.,uj totpy;

xnu ghiwapy; brJf;fg;gl;l

nfhapy; ,ujf; nfhapy;

bjhFj;jy;

¾ gy;yt kd;dd; eurpk;k th;kd;. mtDf;F khky;yd;

vd;w ntW bgaUk; cz;L.,uj totpy; xnu ghiwapy;

brJf;fg;gl;l nfhapy; ,ujf; nfhapy;.

¾ Ie;J ,uj=;fs; cs;sjhy; gh+;rghz;lth; ,ujk;.mh;r;Rdd;

jgR vd;w ghiwapy; kdpjh;fs; / gwitfs; / tpy=;Ffs;

Mfpait capUs;sijg; nghynt rpw;g=;fs; ,Uf;Fk;.

¾ ,uz;L ghiwfspYk; 150 nkw;gl;l rpw;g=;fs;g[ilg;g[r;

rpw;g=;fs;. mh;r;Rdd; jtk; bra;a[k; fhl;rp mh;r;Rdd; jgR.

,jid gfPujd; jtk; vd;gh;.

¾ Mfha f=;if nghy kiHf;fhyj;jpy; ,Ughiwfspd; eLnt

kiHePh; XLk;. ,J f=;if nghy XLk;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; mz;zh E}w;whz;L

E}yfj;ijf; fhl;o / ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

¾ khky;yg[ur; rpw;g=;fs; rpwg;gk;rk; ahJ>

¾ gy;yth; gw;wp ePtph; mwpe;jijf; TWf.

¾ mh;r;Rdd; jgR vd;why; vd;d>

¾ ,ujf;nfhtpy; gw;wpf; TWf.

¾ rpw;gf; fiy vj;jid tifg;gLk;>

¾ eurpk;kth;kdpd; ntWbgah; ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

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fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ khky;yg[uk; gw;wpa bra;jpfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W khky;yg[uj;jpd; rpw;g mikg;g[

Kiwapid vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ khky;yg[ur; rpw;gf;fiy gw;wpa fUj;jpidr; RUf;fp vGjp

tUjy;.

¾ rpw;g tifapid mwpe;J te;J TWjy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ka=;bfhypfs; gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

tpsf;Ftjhy;/ kuf;fpis tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfisf; FGthfg; goj;J/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ bka; vGj;Jfs; ahit> vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk;

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

fw;fz;L : ka=;bfhypfs;

Üô° 2.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

ka=;bfhyp

vGj;Jfs;

lfuk; mLj;J tUk; zfuk;

lz;zfuk;/

jfuj;ij mLj;j efuk; je;efuk;/

wfuj;ij mLj;J tUk; dfuk;

wd;dfuk;

l vd;Dk; vGj;Jf;F

Kd; z; tUk;.

w vd;Dk; vGj;Jf;F

Kd; d; tUk;.

gw;fspd; mobjhLjy;

yfuk;/ nky; mz;zj;jpd;

eLg;gFjp bjhLjy;

sfuk;/ ehtpd; Edp

nky;nehf;fp tise;J

tUly;.

z/d/e/y/s/H/u/w ? ka=;bfhyp

vGj;Jfs;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ z/d/e/y/s/H/u/w ? ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfs;.l vd;Dk;

vGj;Jf;F Kd; z; tUk;.

¾ w vd;Dk; vGj;Jf;F Kd; d; tUk;.

¾ lfuk; mLj;J tUk; zfuk; lz;zfuk;/ jfuj;ij mLj;j

efuk; je;efuk;/ wfuj;ij mLj;J tUk; dfuk; wd;dfuk; MFk;.

¾ gw;fspd; mobjhLjy; yfuk;/ nky; mz;zj;jpd; eLg;gFjp

bjhLjy; sfuk;/ ehtpd; Edp nky;nehf;fp tise;J tUl Hfuk;

gpwf;Fk;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdp @yk; ,yf;fzr;; rpwg;g[fisg; ghlyhff; fhl;o /

ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

¾ ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfs; mika[k; rhd;wpidj; bjhFj;Jf; TWf.

¾ z; / d; tUk; ,l=;fs; ahit>

¾ lz;zfuk; Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

¾ je;efuk; Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

¾ ka=;bfhypfs; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

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fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ,d vGj;Jfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ,d vGj;Jfspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp tUjy;.

¾ ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfs; mika[k; rhd;W Twr;bra;jy;.

m) ka=;bfhyp vGj;Jfis kl;Lk; vLj;J vGJf. (3)

1. e/ f / r

2. H / a / x

3. w / m / v

M) ka=;bfhyp vGj;J vGJf (3)

4. lfuj;ij mLj;J tUk; zfuk; .........................

5. jfuj;ij mLj;J tUk; efuk; .........................

6. wfuj;ij mLj;J tUk.........................

,) ka=;bfhyp vGj;J mika[k; rhd;W ehd;F vGJf. (4)

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : tpUe;njhk;gy; / fs;shik / Cf;fKilik/

gadpy brhy;yhik Mfpa mjpfhu

Fwl;ghf;fis tpsf;Ftjhy; ikrpe;Jk;

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Mrphpah; ghliyr; re;jeaj; njhL/ ghl

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ jpUf;Fws;? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ mw E}y;fs; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

¾ jpUf;Fws; bghUspid Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

thH;tpay; : jpUf;Fws;

? jpUts;Sth;

Üô° 2.6

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

jpUf;Fws;

rpe;jidfs;

Cf;fKilik

epiyahd bry;tk; Cf;fk;/ jsuhj

Cf;fKiladplk; bry;tk;

bry;Yk;/ePh;g;g{ nghy Cf;fj;jpd;

mst[ cah;th;.

fs;shikbghUisf; fsthlyhk;

vd epidg;gJ jPik.

fst[ @yk; nrUk;

bry;tk; mHpa[k;.

gadpy brhy;yhik

gad;juhj brhw;fis

mwpt[ilath; ngrhh;.

gadpy;yhj brhw;fisg;

ngrf; TlhJ.

tpUe;njhk;gy;

mkpH;jk; vd;whYk; jdpna

cz;zy; TlhJ/ Kfh;e;jhy;

mdpr;rk; thLk;.

bjhFj;jy;

tpUe;njhk;gy; fs;shik Cf;fKilikgadpy

brhy;yhik

mkpH;jk;

vd;whYk;

cz;zy;

Kfh;e;jhy;

mdpr;rk;

thLk;.

bghUisf;

fsthlyhk;

vd epidg;gJ

jPik. fst[

@yk; nrUk;

bry;tk;

mHpa[k;.

epiyahd bry;tk;

Cf;fk;/ jsuhj

Cf;fKiladplk;

bry;tk; bry;Yk;/

ePh;g;g{ nghy

Cf;fj;jpd; mst[

cah;th;.

gad;juhj

brhw;fis

mwpt[ilath;

ngrhh;.

gadpy;yhj

brhw;fisg;

ngrf; TlhJ.

www.Padasalai.Org

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL @yk; ghly; fhl;rpfisf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLk; tpUe;njhk;gy; gz;g[fis vGJf.

¾ Cf;fnk cah;j;Jk; vd;gij ts;Sth; tHp tpsf;Ff.

¾ Mf;fk; ahhplk; tHp nfl;Lr; bry;Yk;>

¾ vJ jPik>

¾ ehk; vj;jifa brhw;fisg; ngr ntz;Lk;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Fwl;ghf;fs;; tHpf; xGf;f bewpfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ jpUts;St khiyg; ghly;fs; rpytw;iw E}yfj;ijg;

gad;gLj;jp vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;/ xGf;fk; gw;wpa gpw

ftpijfis mwpe;J vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL ? m

¾ Fwl;ghf;fisr; re;j eaj;njhL ghLjy;.

¾ ghlg; gFjpapy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;s mjpfhuj;jpd; VnjDk; xU

mjpfhuf; Fwl;ghit mwpe;J brhy;yr; bra;jy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL ? M

m. nfhol;l ,l=;fis epug;g[f. (4)

1. jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath.........................

2. tpUe;jpdupd; Kfk; ......................... thLk;.

3. epiyahd bry;tk.........................

4. Muha[k; mwpt[ilath;fs; ......................... brhw;fisg;

ngrkhl;lhh;.

M. rPh;fis epug;g[f. (3)

5. nkhg;gf; FiHa[k; .........................

6. .........................mjh;tpdha;r; bry;Yk;.

7. cs;StJ vy;yhk; .........................

,. gphpj;bjGJf. (3)

8. bghUSilik

9. cs;Stbjy;yhk;

10. gadpyh

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Ê ,ay; : @d;W(Toj; bjhHpy; bra;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHhpd; tzpf nkd;ikia kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ g[jpabjhU tpjp bra;nthk; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypg;bgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ g[Jf;ftpij Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ftpijg; ngiH : ehdpyk;

gilj;jtd;

? JiuuhR

Üô° 3.1

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

jkpHh;

tzpfk;

MH;flypy; @H;fp Kj;bjLj;jy; /

Vyk; ? kpsF Vw;Wkjp. fg;gypy;

cyfk; Rw;wy;.

MHkhd flypy;

gazk;/ mr;rk; jUk;

nghhpYk; btw;wp /

,kakiyapy; btw;wpf;

bfho el;lhd;.

vjw;Fk; m+;rhjtd;/

rhd;nwhh; m+;Rk;

jPikf;F m+;Rthd;.

jkpHd; epyj;ijg; gz;gLj;jp/

Ch; / efuk; / ehL Mfpait

cUthf;fp thH;jy;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ jkpHd; epyj;ijg; gz;gLj;jp / Ch; / efuk; / ehL Mfpait

cUthf;fp thH;e;jhd;.MHkhd flypy; gazk; bra;jhd;/

mr;rk; jUk; nghhpYk; btw;wp fz;lhd;. ,kakiyapy;

btw;wpf; bfho el;lhd;.MH;flypy; @H;fp Kj;bjLj;jhd;.Vyk;

/kpsF Vw;Wkjp bra;jhd;. fg;gypy; cyfk; Rw;wpdhd;.vjw;Fk;

m+;rhjtd; / rhd;nwhh; m+;Rk; jPikf;F m+;Rthd;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ tpiut[f; FwpaPL @yk; kof;fzpdp @yk; ghly; fhl;rpfisf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ fhLfspy; thH;e;j kdpjd; vt;thW ehfhpf tsh;r;rp

mile;jhd;>

¾ ehy;tif epy=;fs; Fwpj;J vGJf.

¾ jkpHd; vjw;F m+;rpdhd;>

¾ jkpHd; vjw;fhff; fz;l=;fisr; Rw;wp te;jhd;>

¾ ehdpyk; gilj;jtd; ftpijg;ngiHia ,aw;wpath; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F ghliya[k; bghUspida[k;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Koaurdpd; ghly; tHpj; jkpHdpd; bray;fis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ xsitahhpd; gilg;g[fisg; gl;oaypl;L tur; brhy;Yjy;/

fy;tp gw;wpa gpw ftpijfis mwpe;J vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ftp+h; Koaurdpd; thH;f;if tuyhw;wpid vGjptur;

brhy;yy;.

¾ ehy;tif epy=;fspd; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

m)bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. rkh; ?

2. fHdp ?

3. kwk; ?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. ehdpyk; ?

5. fy;byLj;J ?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. ehL + vd;w

7. fyk;; + Vwp

8. nghh;f;fsj;jpy; btspg;gLk; Fzk; .........................

9. Koaurdpd; ,aw;bgah; .........................

10. Koaurd; vGjpa E}y;fspy; xd;W.........................

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : kPdth;fspd; thH;f;if Kiwia kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ ehl;Lg;g[w ,ay; Ma;t[ : R.rf;jpnty; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ kPdth;fs;; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ g[jpa brhw;fis mof;nfholy

ftpijg; ngiH : flnyhL

tpisahL

Üô° 3.2

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

kPdth;fspd;

thH;f;if

fl;L kuk; ? thGk; tPL /

kpd;dy; ? mog;ilg; ghlk;/

kPd;fs; ? bry;tk;.

,o ? fhQk; Tj;J /

g[ay; ? C+;ry; / gdp ?

nghh;it /fjputd; xsp ?

nkw; Tiu.

epyt[ ? fz;zho /

ePr;ry; ? jtk;/

,tw;Wf;fpilna

kPdth;fs; bjhHpy;

bra;jy;.

kPdth;fSf;F :

tpz;kPd; ? tpsf;F /fly; ? gs;sp/

miy ? njhHd; / nkfk; ? Fil/

kzy; ? cw=;Fk; bkj;ij.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ kPdth;fSf;F :

¾ tpz;kPd; ? tpsf;F /fly; ? gs;sp / miy ? njhHd; / nkfk; ?

Fil / kzy; ? cw=;Fk; bkj;ij.

¾ ,o ? fhQk; Tj;J / g[ay; ? C+;ry; / gdp ? nghh;it / fjputd;

xsp ? nkw; Tiu.

¾ fl;L kuk; ? thGk; tPL/ kpd;dy; ? mog;ilg; ghlk;/ kPd;fs; ?

bry;tk; / epyt[ ? fz;zho/ ePr;ry; ? jtk;.

? ,tw;Wf;fpilna kPdth;fs; bjhHpy; bra;jy;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

¾ bea;jy; jpiz gw;wpf; TWf.

¾ kPdth;fs; ,aw;ifnahL ,ize;jth;fs; vd;gij epWt[f.

¾ fly; ghlypd; bghUspidf; TWf.

¾ miyiaa[k; nkfj;ija[k; kPdth;fs; vd;dthff;

fUJfpd;wdh;>

¾ tha;bkhHp ,yf;fpak; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ehl;Lg;g[wg; ghly; tHp kPdth; thGk; Kiwapid

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ kPdtg; ghly;fis E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ fly; fhl;rpfisg; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

m)bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. fjph;r;Rlh;?

2. kpd;dy; thhp?

3. mhpr;Rto?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. fjph;r;Rlh;

5. @r;rlf;fp

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. bgUik + thdk;

7. mof;Fk; + miy

8. tphpe;j flny .........................Tlk;.

9. nkfnk .........................

10. kPd;fns kPdth;fspd.........................

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : tzpfk;; gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ tzpfk; ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w tpdhtpid

khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L / mt;tpilfspd; tHpna ghl

mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ciueil cyfk; : tsUk;

tzpfk;

Üô° 3.3

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

tzpfk;

ePh;tHp tzpfk; : fly; tHpahff;

fg;gy; @yk; bghUl;fs; bfhz;L

brd;W tzpfk; bra;tJ.

jiutHp tzpfk;

? jiutHpahf

bghUs;fis vUJ /

Fjpiu / fGij /tz;o

@yk; bfhz;L brd;W

tpw;gJ.

rpW tzpfk;/ bgU

tzpfk;/,iza tHp

tzpfk; nkw;bfhz;ldh;.

bghUis th=;Fk;

nghJ TLjyhf th=;f

khl;lhh;fs; / bfhLf;Fk;

nghJ Fiwthff;

bfhLf;f khl;lh;fs;.

bghUs; tpw;gth; tzpfh; / mjid

th=;Fgth; Efh;nthh;/ ek;;kplk;

TLjyhf ,Uf;Fk; bghUs;fisf;

bfhLj;J ekf;Fj; njitahd bghUs;

bgWtJ gz;lkhw;W Kiw.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ bghUs; tpw;gth; tzpfh; / mjid th=;Fgth; Efh;nthh;/

ek;;kplk; TLjyhf ,Uf;Fk; bghUs;fisf; bfhLj;J ekf;Fj;

njitahd bghUs; bgWtJ gz;lkhw;W Kiw. jiutHp

tzpfk; vd;gJ jiutHpahfg; bghUs;fis vUJ / Fjpiu /

fGij /tz;o @yk; bfhz;L brd;W tpw;gJ.ePh;tHp tzpfk;

vd;gJfly; tHpahff; fg;gy; @yk; bghUl;fs; bfhz;L

brd;W tzpfk; bra;tJ.rpW tzpfk; / bgU tzpfk;/ ,iza

tHp tzpfk; nkw;bfhz;ldh;.bghUis th=;Fk; nghJ

TLjyhf th=;f khl;lhh;fs; / bfhLf;Fk; nghJ Fiwthff;

bfhLf;f khl;lh;fs;.

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tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp / cs;sl=;f].xl;L

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; tzpfj;jpd;;

rpwg;g[fisf; fhl;o / ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

¾ gz;ila jkpHhpd; tzpf Kiw ahJ>

¾ kpd;dQg; ghpkhw;wk; vd;why; vd;d>

¾ gz;lkhw;W Kiw gw;wpf; TWf.

¾ rpW tzpfg;bghUl;fs; ahit>

¾ tzpfk; vd;why; vd;d>

¾ tzpfj;jpy; tiffs; rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpLf.

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

gapw;rpapida[k; ghlg;bghUspida[k; kPz;Lk; fw;gpj;Jj;

vGJjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ gz;ilj; jkpHhpd; tzpfj;ij khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ c=;fs; gFjpapy; eilbgWk; bjhHpy;fisg; gl;oaypl;L

vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ ,iza tHp tzpfk; ? ciug;gj;jpia cuf;fg; goj;jy;.

¾ gz;ilj; jkpHhpd; tzpfk; Fwpj;Jg; ngRjy;.

1. bghUs;fis tpw;gth; ahh;>

2. bghUs;fis th=;Fgth; ahh;>

3. jkpH;ehl;od; jiyrpwe;j JiwKfk; vJ>

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. tzpfr;rhe;J

5. gz;lkhw;W

6. tz;zg;gl=;fs;

7. tphptile;j

,) M=;fpyr; brhy;Yf;Fj; jkpH;r;brhy; jUf. (3)

8. ng=;f;

9. brf;

10. o$pl;ly;

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ciHg;g[ gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ciHg;ng @yjdk; gFjpiaf; FGthfg;

goj;J/ mwpe;J khzth;fs;/ FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ ciHg;g[ Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf> vd;w

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

tphpthdk; : ciHg;ng @yjdk;

Üô° 3.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

ciHg;ng

@yjdk;

tstd; tptrhaj;jpy; gzk;

bgUf;fpdhd;.

mKjh ML / khL tsh;j;J gzk;

bgUf;fy;.

vHpyd; bgl;oapy; gzk;

ghJfhj;jy;.

mUsg;gh; btspa{h;

gazk; : MSf;F

50000 gzk;

epge;jid : ghJfhj;J

jpUg;gpj;juy;.

mUsg;gh; tUif.

ele;jij gps;isfspd;

tHpna mwpfpwhh;.

vHpyd; jd;dplk; bjhHpy;

fw;W Kjph;r;rp bgwf;

g{=;Fd;wk; Ch; ? mUsg;gh;.

3 gps;isfs; : tstd; / mKjh /

bjhFj;jy;

¾ g{=;Fd;wk; Chpy; mUsg;gh; vd;gth; thH;e;J te;jhh;.

¾ mtUf;F 3 gps;isfs; . tstd; / mKjh / tstd; Mfpnahh;.

¾ mUsg;gh; btspa{h; gazk; bry;tjhy; MSf;F 50000 qgha;

gzk; jUfpwhh;.

¾ gzj;ijg; ghJfhj;J jpUg;gpj;ju ntz;Lk; vd;gJ epge;jid.

¾ tstd; tptrhaj;jpy; gzk; bgUf;fpdhd;.

¾ mKjh ML / khL tsh;j;J gzk; bgUf;fpdhs;.

¾ vHpyd; bgl;oapy; itj;J gzj;ijg; ghJfhj;jhd;.

¾ mUsg;gh; btspa{h; brd;W te;jt[ld; /ele;jijg;

gps;isfspd; tHpna mwpfpwhh;.

¾ vHpyd; jd;dplk; bjhHpy; fw;W Kjph;r;rp bgwf; TWfpd;whh;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; ciHg;gpd; rpwg;igf;

kjpg;gPL

¾ ciHg;ng @yjdk; fijiar; RUf;f.

¾ mUsg;gh; vd;gth; ahh;>

¾ mUsg;gh; jd; gps;isfSf;Ff; bfhLj;j gzk; vt;tst[>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ mz;zh E}w;whz;L E}yfk; gw;wpa bra;jpfis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W ciHg;g[ gw;wpa bghd;bkhHpfis vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ fijapid ehlfkhf eof;fr; brhy;yy;.

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHpy; cs;s Rl;L vGj;Jfs;/ tpdh

vGj;Jfs gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Rl;L vGj;Jfs;/ tpdh vGj;Jfs

fUj;Jfisf; FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ tpdh vd;why; vd;d > vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk;

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

fw;fz;L : Rl;L vGj;Jfs;/

tpdh vGj;Jfs;

Üô° 3.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

www.Padasalai.Org

6kdtiuglk;

Rl;L /

vGj;Jfs;

tpdhg;bghUs; jUk; vGj;J tpdh

vGj;J.

V/ah/M/X/v ? Ie;Jk; tpfh vGj;J.

mfr;Rl;L : mfj;jpUe;J

bghUs; Rl;LtJ.

g[wr; Rl;L:g[wj;nj epd;W

bghUs; Rl;LtJ.

mz;ikr;Rl;L : mUfpy;

cs;sijr;Rl;Ljy;

mUsg;gh; tUif.

ele;jij gps;isfspd;

tHpna mwpfpwhh;.

vHpyd; jd;dplk; bjhHpy;

fw;W Kjph;r;rp bgwf;

xd;iwr; Rl;of; fhl;l tUk; vGj;J

Rl;blGj;J. m/ ,/ c Mfpad

Rl;blGj;Jfs;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ xd;iwr; Rl;of; fhl;l tUk; vGj;J Rl;blGj;J. m/,/c

Mfpad Rl;blGj;Jfs;.mfr;Rl;L : mfj;jpUe;J bghUs;

Rl;LtJ.g[wr; Rl;L:g[wj;nj epd;W bghUs; Rl;LtJ.

mz;ikr;Rl;L : mUfpy; cs;sijr;Rl;Ljy;

¾ tpdhg;bghUs; jUk; vGj;J tpdh vGj;J.V/ah/ M/X/v ?

Ie;Jk; tpdh vGj;J.mftpdh : brhy;ypd; mfj;jpypUe;J

tpdt[J. g[wtpdh : brhy;ypd; g[wj;nj te;J tpdt[tJ.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL @yk; ghlj;ij

tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

¾ mfr;Rl;L / mftpdh ? g[wr;Rl;L / g[wtpdh vd;W bgahplf;

fhuzk; ahJ>

¾ tpdh vGj;Jfs; ahit>

¾ Rl;blGj;J vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F Rl;L kw;Wk; tpdh

vGj;Jfis kPz;Lk; fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Rl;L kw;Wk; tpdh vGj;Jfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ Rl;L kw;Wk; tpdh vGj;Jfspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

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¾ tpdh vGj;Jr; rhd;Wfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp

tUjy;.

¾ RlblGj;J mika[k; rhd;Wfs; Twy;

m) Rl;blGj;J kw;Wk; tpdh vGj;ij tifg;gLj;Jf. (3)

1. m/v/g.u

2. ah / I/M

3. x/c/a

M) tpdh vGj;Jf;Fr; rhd;W vGJf. (4)

4. ah ?

5. M ?

6. V ?

,) Rl;blGj;J mika[k; rhd;W @d;W vGJf. (3)

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7ghlj;jpl;lf;

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ,ay; : xd;W(mwptpay; Mf;fk;;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy=;fiu tpsf;fj;jpd; rpwg;gpid kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ bgUk;ghzhw;Wg; gil ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;j bra;jpiaf; TWf>

vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk; nfl;L/ mt;tpilfspd;

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

fy=;fiu tpsf;fk;? foaY}h; cUj;jpu=; fz;zdhh;

www.Padasalai.Org

GANGA îI›7 3 in 1 gUtk; 2

kdtiuglk;

fy=;fiu

tpsf;fj;jpd;

rpwg;g[

thdj;ijj; jh=;fp epw;Fk; J}z;

nghyj; njhw;wk;. Vzp bfhz;L

Vw Koahj cauk;.

tpz;iz Kl;Lk; khlk;.

khlj;jpy; Vw;wg;gl;l vhpa[k;

tpsf;F. kuf;fy=;fisj; Jiw

nehf;fp miHf;Fk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ thdj;ijj; jh=;fp epw;Fk; J}z; nghyj; njhw;wk;.

¾ Vzp bfhz;L Vw Koahj cauk;.

¾ tpz;iz Kl;Lk; khlk;.

¾ khlj;jpy; Vw;wg;gl;l vhpa[k; tpsf;F.

¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fk; kuf;fy=;fisj; Jiw nehf;fp miHf;Fk;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fk; fg;gy; Xl;ofisj; jtpu ntW

ahUf;bfy;yhk; gad;gLfpd;wJ>

¾ flypy; fpilf;Fk; bghUl;fs; ahit>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ gj;Jg; ghl;L E}y;fs; ahit>

¾ Mw;Wg;gil ,yf;fpak; vd;why; vd;d>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ bgUk;ghzhw;Wg; gil E}iy vGjpath; ahh;>

¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fpy; ve;j neuj;jpy; tpsf;F Vw;wg;gLk;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;Fg; ghliya[k;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fk; Fwpj;J khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ Mw;Wg; gil E}y;fs; gl;oaypl;L / Fwpg;g[ vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

¾ flw;fiuf; fhl;rp glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

¾ fly; gw;wpa ftpijfs; vGjp tUjy;.

fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz; : 10

m) bghUs; TWf. (5)

1.kjiy ?

2.b+fpHp ?

3.mGtk; ?

4.brd;dp ?

5.cut[ ?

M) nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (5)

6. ntah khlk; vd;gJ.........................

7. flypy; Jiw mwpahky; fy=;Ftd.........................

8. J}z; vd;Dk; bghUs; jUk; brhy.........................

9. fy=;fiu tpsf;fk; ghlypd; Mrphpah.........................

10. cUj;jpu=;fz;zdhh; thH;e;j Ch.........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fg;gypd; bray;fis kl;Lk; tpsf;Ftjhy;/

jdpj;jtifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ mfehD}W ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ vl;Lj;bjhif E}y;fSs; xd;W mfehD}W. ,e;E}y;

mfg;bghUs; rhh;e;j E}y;. ehD}W ghly;fisf; bfhz;l E}y;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

ftpd;kpF fg;gy;? kUjd; ,sehfdhh;

www.Padasalai.Org

kdtiuglk;

fg;gy; bry;Yk;

fhl;rp

cyfk; ,lk;bgah;e;jJ

nghd;W mHfpa

njhw;wk; ehtha;

g[yhy; ehw;wk; tPRk;

fliyg; gpse;J

bry;Yk;

fy=;fiu tpsf;fj;jpd;

xspahy; jpir mwpe;J

ehtha; Xl;Lgth;

ehtha; Xl;Ljy;.

epw;fhky; tPRk;

fhw;whdJ ehthia

mirj;Jr; bry;Yk;

bjhFj;jy;

¾ cyfk; ,lk;bgah;e;jJ nghd;W mHfpa njhw;wk; ehtha;.

¾ mJ g[yhy; ehw;wk; tPRk; fliyg; gpse;J bry;Yk;

¾ epw;fhky; tPRk; fhw;whdJ ehtia mirj;Jr; bry;Yk;.

¾ fy=;fiu tpsf;fj;jpd; xspahy; jpir mwpe;J ehtha; Xl;Lgth;

ehtha; Xl;Lth;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

www.Padasalai.Org

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ flypy; fg;gy; bry;Yk; fhl;rpia mfehD}W vt;thW

tpsf;FfpwJ>

¾ fly; gazk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;jd ahit>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ mfehD}W gw;wpf; TWf.

¾ kUjd; ,sehfdhh; Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ehthapd; njhw;wk; vt;thW ,Ue;jjhf mfehD}W TWfpwJ>

¾ ehtha; Xl;ofSf;F fhw;W vt;thbwy;yhk; Jizbra;fpd;wJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F tpdh tpilfis

vspikg;gLj;jp / fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

¾ cyfpy; cs;s fly;fs; rpytw;wpd; bgahpid vGjr; brhy;yy;/

ghlE}y; kjpg;gPl;L tpdhf;fs; vGJjy;.

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ mfehD}W ghly; tHp flypy; fg;gy; bry;Yk; fhl;rpapid

bjhlh;gzp

¾ mfehD}W Fwpg;ig E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp vGjptur;;

brhy;Yjy;.

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GANGA îI›7 3 in 1 gUtk; 2 Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (m)

¾ fg;gypd; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

¾ fg;gy; gw;wpa gpw ftpijfs; vGjp tUjy;.

fhyk; : 15 epkplk; kjpg;bgz;:10

m) bghUs; TWf. (4)

1. cU ?

2. t=;TH; ?

3. ePfhd; ?

4. vy; ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

5.bgU=;fly; ?

6.,d;whfp ?

,) bghUj;Jf. (4)

7.t=;fk; ? gfy;

8.ePfhd; ? fg;gy;

9. vy; ? fy=;fiu tpsf;fk;

10. khl xs;bshp ? ehtha; Xl;Lgtd;

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fg;gy; gw;wpa gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ gH=;fhyj;jpy; btsp ehl;Lg; gazj;jpw;F cjtpait

fg;gy;fs;. fg;gy; fl;Lk; fiyiaj; jkpHh;fs; ed;F mwpe;J

itj;jpUe;jdh;. fly; tzpfj;jpy; jkpHh; rpwe;jpUe;jdh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; : jkpHhpd;

fg;gw;fiy

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kdtiuglk;

jkpHhpd;

fg;gw;fiy

rpwpa ePh;epiy flf;f :

njhzp/ Xlk;/ glF/ g[iz/

kpjit/ bjg;gk;.

fly; flf;f cjtpait :

fyk;/ t=;fk;/ ehtha;.

fg;gy; mikj;jy; :

jz;zPhpy; ghjpg;g[ Vw;glhj

kuk;/ ePh; kl;;l itg;gpw;F

ntk;g[/ ,Yg;ig/ g[d;id

ehty; kuk;.gf;fj;jpw;Fj;

njf;F/ btz; njf;F

brYj;Jk; Kiw :

fhw;W tPRk; jpir/ ePnuhl;lj;

jpir mwpe;J fg;gy; brYj;jy;/

jpirfhl;Lk; fUtp/ tpz;kPd;

epiy itj;J jpir mwpe;J

fg;gy; brYj;jy;.

kuk;/ gyif ,izf;f

nj=;fha; ehh; my;yJ g+;R

itj;J ,Uf;fp / Mzp

miwjy;.Rz;zhk;g[/ rzy;

miwj;J vz;bza; fye;J

mog;gFjp g{Rjy;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ rpwpa ePh;epiy flf;f njhzp/ Xlk;/ glF/ g[iz/ kpjit/

bjg;gk;. fly; flf;f fyk;/ t=;fk;/ ehtha; Mfpatw;iwj; jkpHh;

gad;gLj;jpdh;.

¾ fg;gy; fl;L tjw;fhfj; jz;zPhpy; ghjpg;g[ Vw;glhj kuk;/

ePh; kl;;l itg;gpw;F ntk;g[/ ,Yg;ig/ g[d;id ehty; kuk;.

gf;fj;jpw;Fj; njf;F/ btz; njf;Fkuk; gad;gLj;jpdh;. gyif

,izf;f nj=;fha; ehh; my;yJ g+;R itj;J ,Uf;fp/ Mzp

miwe;jdh;. Rz;zhk;g[/ rzy; miwj;J vz;bza; fye;J

mog;gFjp g{rp fg;gypy; ePh; g[fhj tz;zk; bra;jdh;.

¾ fhw;W tPRk; jpir/ ePnuhl;lj; jpir mwpe;J fg;giyr;

brYj;jpdh;. jpirfhl;Lk; fUtp/ tpz;kPd; epiy itj;J jpir

mwpe;J fg;gy; brYj;jpdh;.

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tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfisf; FGtpdpy; tH=;fp/ xl;L bkhj;j

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ gz;ilj; jkpHh; fg;giy vt;thW brYj;jpdh;>

¾ fg;gy; mikf;fj; jkpHh; ifahz;l tHpKiwfs; ahJ>

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ fg;gy; cWg;g[fs; rpytw;wpd; bgahpid vGJf.

¾ jkpHh;fs; gad;gLj;jpa gha;ku=;fs; ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ njhzp vd;w brhy;ypd; bgah;f;fhuzk; TWf.

¾ fg;giyr; brYj;Jgth;fSf;F tH=;Fk; ntWbgah;fs; ahit>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vspikg;gLj;jp/ fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ jkpHh;fs; fg;gw;fiyapy; rpwe;J ,Ue;jij khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ fg;gy; tiffis vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ fg;gypd; bray;ghLfis vGjp tUjy;.

¾ fg;gy; gazk; vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; ngRjy;.

1. fg;gy; Xhplj;jpy; epiyahf epw;f cjt[tJ vJ>

2. fg;gy; fl;Ltjw;Fg; gad;gLk; kuMzpfspd; bgah; ahJ>

3. gy;tifahd fg;gypd; bgaiuf; Fwpg;gpLk; E}ypd; bgah; ahJ>

M) bghUj;Jf. (4)

4. vuh ? jpirfhl;Lk; fUtp

5. gUky; ? mokuk;

6. kPfhkd; ? FWf;F kuk;

7. fhe;j Crp ? fg;giyr; brYj;Jgth;

8. ePnuhl;lk;

9. fhw;wpd; jpir

10. thdpay; mwpt[

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : MH;flypd; moapy; elf;Fk; gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : MH;flypd; moapy; fijg; gFjpiaf;;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ mwptpay; g[idfijfspd; jiykfd; vd;W g[fHg;gLgth;

$%y;!; bth;d;. gpuhd;R ehl;ilr; rhh;e;j g[jpd vGj;jhsh;.

mthpd; g[jpdk; xd;W jhd; ~~MH;flypd; moapy;~~ vd;gjhFk;.

thrpj;jy;

¾ MH;flypd; moapy fijr; RUf;fj;jpid Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf;

fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : MH;flypd;

moapy;? $Py;!; bth;d;

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kdtiuglk;

MH;flypd;

moapy;

cnyhf cly; bfhz;l

tpy=;F njo nghh;f;fg;gy;

? gpahp/ Bghufl;/ bel;/

fhd;rPy;

3 khjg; gazk; tpy=;F

fpilf;ftpy;iy. mJ

ePh; @H;fp fg;gy; vd;W

mwpe;jdh;. me;jf; fg;gy;

jiytd; benkh. tptuk;

mwpe;jjhy; ,th;fs;ifJ.

jg;gpj;J fly; moapy;

bry;Yjy; bgUk; fly; RHy;

fg;gy; khl;o @tUk; J}f;fp

tPrg;gl;L gpiHj;jy;.

rpy ehl;fSf;F xU Kiw

fg;gy; nkny tUk; nghJ

fhw;iwg; g[Jg;gpf;fpd;wdh;.

xU Kiw jPtpy; fha;fwp

th=;fp tUk; nghJ jPt[ kf;fs;

rz;il.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ cnyhf cly; bfhz;l tpy=;ifj; njo nghh;f;fg;gYld; gpahp/

Bghufl;/ bel;/ fhd;rPy; Mfpnahh; bry;fpd;wdh;.

¾ 3 khjg; gazk; me;jtpy=;F fpilf;ftpy;iy. gpwF/ mJ ePh;

@H;fp fg;gy; vd;W mwpe;jdh;. me;jf; fg;gy; jiytd; benkh.

tpy=;F my;y ePh;@H;fpf; fg;gy; vd;w tptuk; mwpe;jjhy;

,th;fs;ifJ bra;ag;gl;ldh;.

¾ rpy ehl;fSf;F xU Kiw fg;gy; nkny tUk; nghJ fhw;iwg;

g[Jg;gpf;fpd;wdh;. xU Kiw jPtpy; fha;fwp th=;fp tUk; nghJ

jPt[ kf;fSld; rz;il Vw;gLfpd;wJ.

¾ jg;gpj;J fly; moapy; me;jf; fg;gy; bry;Yfpd;wJ.bgUk;

fly; RHy; fg;gy; khl;o @tUk; J}f;fp tPrg;gl;L gpiHj;J

tpLfpd;wdh;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ MH;fly; moapy; fijapidr; RUf;fpf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ePh; @H;fpf; fg;gy;,a=;fpa tpjk; ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ cnyhf tpy=;ifj; njog; gazk; bra;jth; ahth;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

¾ brhy;tij vGJjy;/ ghlE}y; kjpg;gPl;L tpdhf;fs; vGJjy;.

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ MH;flypd; moapy; bra;jpfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;WePh; @H;fpf; fg;gypd; mikg;g[ Kiwapid

¾ MH;flypd; moapy; vd;Dk; fijf; fUj;jpidr; RUf;fp vGjp

tUjy;.

¾ MH;flypd; moapy; fijiar; TWjy;

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHpy; cs;s ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fs;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fs; fUj;Jfisf;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ Xh; vGj;J jdpj;J epd;nwh gy vGj;Jfs; nrh;e;J epd;nwh

bghUs; je;jhy;/ mJ brhy; vdg;gLk;.,jw;Fr; rhd;whf g{/

mwk;/ g[j;jfk; Mfpa brhw;fisf; Twyhk;.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : ,yf;fpa tifr;

brhw;fs;

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kdtiuglk;

,yf;fpa tifr;

brhw;fs;

vspjpy; bghUs; tpsf;fk; jUk;

tifapy; mika[k; brhw;fs;

,aw;brhy;. rhd;W : kz;

,it bgah;/ tpid/ jphp/

jpir vd 4 tifg;gLk;.

fw;nwhUf;F kl;Lnk

tps=;Fk; brhw;fs;

jphpbrhy;.

rhd;W : ehtha; (fg;gy;)

,it bgah;/ tpid/ ,il/

chp/ vd 4 tifg;gLk;.

tlbkhHpapy; ,Ue;J jkpHpy;

tH=;Fk; brhw;fs; tlbkhHp.

rhd;W : tUlk;

tlbkhHp jtpu gpw bkhHpfspy;

,Ue;J te;J jkpHpy; ,lk;

bgWk; brhy; jpir;brhy;.

rhd;W : nfzp (fpzW)

bjhFj;jy;

,aw;brhy;

¾ vspjpy; bghUs; tpsf;fk; jUk; tifapy; mika[k; brhw;fs;

,aw;brhy;. rhd;W : kz; ,it bgah;/ tpid/ jphp/ jpir vd 4

tifg;gLk;.

jphpbrhy;

¾ fw;nwhUf;F kl;Lnk tps=;Fk; brhw;fs; jphpbrhy;.

rhd;W : ehtha; (fg;gy;) ,it bgah;/ tpid/ ,il/ chp vd 4

tifg;gLk;.

jpirr;brhy;

¾ tlbkhHp jtpu gpw bkhHpfspy; ,Ue;J te;J jkpHpy; ,lk;

bgWk; brhy; jpir;brhy;. rhd;W : nfzp (fpzW)

tlbkhHp

¾ tlbkhHpapy; ,Ue;J jkpHpy; tH=;Fk; brhw;fs; tlbkhHp.

rhd;W : tUlk;

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ tpiut[f;FwpaPL @yk; ghlg;gFjpiaf; fhl;o / ghlj;ij

tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ,yf;fpa tifr;brhw;fspd; rhd;Wfis tifg;gLj;jpf; Twy;

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ,aw;brhy;ypd; tiffisf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jphpbrhy; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

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GANGA îI›73 in 1gUtk; 2 Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (m)

¾ ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp

tUjy;.

¾ ,yf;fpa tifr; brhw;fSf;Fr; rhd;W Twy;

m. nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (4)

1. vy;yhh;f;Fk; vspjpy; bghUs; tps=;Fk; brhy;.........................

2. gybghUs; jUk; xU brhy; vd;gJ.........................

3. tlbkhHp vd;W miHf;fg;gLk; bkhHp.........................

4. ,yf;fpa tifr;brhw;fs; ......................... tifg;gLk;.

M.bghUj;Jf. (4)

5. ,aw;brhy; ? bgw;wk;

6. jphpbrhy; ? ,uf;fk;

7. jpirr;brhy; ? mGtk;

8. tlbrhy; ? nrhW

,.brhy; tif TWf. (2)

9. F=;Fkk;

10. nfzp

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Ê ,ay; : ,uz;L (XJtJ xHpnay;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ,d;gj; jkpH; kl;Lk; fw;f ntz;Lk; vd;gij

kl;Lk; tpsf;Ftjhy;/ jdpj;jtifiar;

rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ ghujpjhrd; ftpijfs; ?E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ ghnte;jh;/ g[ul;rpf; ftp vd;W rpwg;gpf;fg;gLgth;.

FLk;gtpsf;F/ ,Uz;ltPL/ jkpHpaf;fk;/ ghz;oad; ghpR

Kjypa E}y;fis ,aw;wpath;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

,d;gj;jkpH;f; fy;tp

? ghujpjhrd;

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kdtiuglk;

,d;gj; jkpH;

ghujpjhrd; ftpij vGj VL

vLj;jy;/ thdk; jd;idf;

ftpijahf vGJk; gof;

TwpaJ.

ePnuhil/ jhkiu/ fhL/

tay;/ nkfk; Mfpaita[k;

mtiuf; fth;e;J ftpij

vGjf; TwpaJ.

Mdhy;/ mwpahikapy; J}=;fp

,Uf;Fk; kf;fs; J}f;fj;ijg;

nghf;f ,d;gj;jkpH; fw;f

ntz;Lk;.;

bjd;wy;/ md;dk;/ fjputd;/

tPuh;fs; Mfpaita[k; ftpij

vGJk; gof; TwpaJ.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ ghujpjhrd; ftpij vGj VL vLj;jy;/ thdk; jd;idf;

ftpijahf vGJk; gof; TwpaJ.

¾ ePnuhil/ jhkiu/ fhL/ tay;/ nkfk; Mfpaita[k; mtiuf;

fth;e;J ftpij vGjf; TwpaJ.

¾ bjd;wy;/ md;dk;/ fjputd;/ tPuh;fs; Mfpaita[k; ftpij

vGJk; gof; TwpaJ.

¾ Mdhy;/ mwpahikapy; J}=;fp ,Uf;Fk; kf;fs; J}f;fj;ijg;

nghf;f ,d;gj;jkpHf;; fw;f ntz;Lk;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

fhl;o/ ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy; bra;jy;.

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kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ vitbay;yhk; ghujpjhrdplk; ftpij vGJk; gof; nfl;lJ>

¾ jkpH;f; fw;f vitbay;yhk; fpilf;Fk;>;

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ghlypy; cs;s vJif/ nkhidr; brhw;fis vLj;J vGJf.

¾ ghujpjhrdpd; kdijf; ftu Kad;w ,aw;ifg;bghUl;fs;

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ,d;gj; jkpH;f; fy;tp vd;w ghlypd; Mrphpah; ahh;>

¾ bgz;fSf;F epfuhfg; ghujpjhrd; vjidf; TWfpwhh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ,d;gj; jkpH;g; ghly; tHp jkpH;f;fy;tp fw;f ntz;Lk; vd;gij

bjhlh;gzp

¾ bgUthapd; Ks;spahh; Fwpg;gpid E}yfj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp

vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;/ xGf;fk; gw;wpa gpw ftpijfis

mwpe;J vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

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GANGA îI›73 in 1gUtk; 2 Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (m)

¾ ghujpjhrdpd; gpw ghly;fs; VnjDk; xd;wpidf; Twr;bra;jy;;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1.btw;g[?

2. fHdp?

3.ghpjp ?

M) gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4. VblLj;njd; ?

5. Japd;wpUe;jhh;?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. vd;W + ciuf;Fk;

7. ,d;gk; + jkpH;

,) nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (3)

8. ,d;gj; jkpH;f; fy;tpg; ghlypd; Mrphpah.........................

9. kiyiaf; Fwpf;Fk; brhy; .........................

10. ghjpjhrdpd; gilg;g[fspy; xd;W.........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tpapd; ,d;wpaikahikia kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ ehyoahh; rkz Kdpth; gyuhy; vGjg;gl;l E}y;.

gjpbdz;fPH;f;fzf;F E}y;fSs; xd;W.ntshz; ntjk; vd;w

ntW bgaUk; cz;L.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

mHpahr; bry;tk;

? rkzKdpth;

www.Padasalai.Org

kdtiuglk;

mHpahJ

fy;tpiag; bghUs; nghy

Ftpj;jhYk; gpwuhy;

bfhs;sg;glhJ.

j;jhYk

f;Fr; n

rh;j;J

f;f nt

; fy;t

p. kw;wi

; MfhJ

bjhFj;jy;

¾ fy;tpiag; bghUs; nghy Ftpj;jhYk; gpwuhy; bfhs;sg;glhJ.

¾ xUtUf;Ff; bfhLj;jhYk; FiwahJ.

¾ muruhYk ftu KoahJ

¾ FHe;ijfSf;Fr; nrh;j;J itf;f ntz;oa bry;tk; fy;tp.

kw;wit bry;tk; MfhJ.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

www.Padasalai.Org

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fy;tpia Vd; mHpahr; bry;tk; vd;fpd;wdh;>

¾ fy;tpiar; bry;tk; vd;W Vd; TWfpd;wdh;>;

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ntshz; ntjk; vd;W miHf;fg;gLk; E}y; ahJ>

¾ ehyoahh; gw;wpf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ fy;tpr; bry;tj;jpd; ,ay;g[fs; ahit>

¾ mHpahr; bry;tk; vd;w ghly; mike;j E}y; vJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tpapd; ,d;wpaikahikia khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ehyoahhpy; gpw ghly; vGjp tUjy;

¾ fy;tpapd; rpwg;ig tpsf;Fk; gpw ghly; vGJjy;;.

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GANGA îI›73 in 1gUtk; 2 Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (M) : tpdhj;jhs;

fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz;: 10

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. itg;g[Hp ?

2. nfhl;gh ?

3. tpr;ir ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

4. tha;j;jPapd; ?

5. nfoy;iy ?

,) nrh;j;J vGJf. (2)

6. vtd; + xUtd;

7.ntW + ,y;iy

8. xUth; jk; FHe;ijfSf;Fr; nrh;j;J itf;f ntz;oa

bry;tk;..........................

9.rkz Kdpth; gyuhy; vGjg;gl;l E}y.........................

10.jpUf;FwSf;F ,izahfg; nghw;wg;glf; ToaJ........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tp gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhl;rpg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ thH;tpf;Fk; fy;tp vd;Dk; fl;Liu jpUf;Fwshh; tP.Kdprhkp

vd;gtuhy; vGjg;gl;lJ. rpe;jidf; fs+;rpak; vd;Dk; E}ypy;

,f;fl;Liu ,lk;bgw;Ws;sJ.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; :

thH;tpf;Fk; fy;tp

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kdtiuglk;

vjph;fhyj;jpy;

gpw caphpd=;fs; vd;dthFk;

vd;gijr; brhy;y Koa[k;.

Mdhy;/ kdpjg;gpwtpapd;

vjph;fhyj;ijf; Twnt

KoahJ.

25 Mz;LfSf;F

Kd; ,Ue;j Mykuk;

g[aypy; tpGe;J tpl;lJ.

,=;fpUe;j bghpa fl;olk;

kiHahy; ,oe;Jtpl;lJ. 10

Mz;Lf;F Kd; 2 ,yl;rk;

itj;jpUe;jth;/ ,d;W 2

qgha; fld; nfl;fpwhh;. 10

tUlj;jpw;F Kd; gl;lk;

bgw;wth; ,d;W 10k; tFg;g[

Mfptpl;lhh; vd;W

brhy;y KoahJ.

fy;tp ,y;yhj ehL

tpsf;fpy;yhj tPL nghd;wJ..

tpsf;fpy;yhj tPl;oy; ahh;

FoapUg;ghh;fs;. mJ nghy;

fy;tp ,y;yhj FLk;gj;ij

ahUk; kjpf;fkhl;lhh;fs;.

fy;tp Xh; mizah tpsf;F.

,Uf;Fk; ,lj;ij xspkak;

Mf;Fk;. xUth; fw;Wtpl;lhy;

gyUf;Fk; xsp jUthh;

bjhFj;jy;

¾ vjph;fhyj;jpy; gpw caphpd=;fs; vd;dthFk; vd;gijr;

brhy;y Koa[k;. Mdhy;/ kdpjg;gpwtpapd; vjph;fhyj;ijf;

Twnt KoahJ.25 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; ,Ue;j Mykuk;

g[aypy; tpGe;J tpl;lJ. ,=;fpUe;j bghpa fl;olk; kiHahy;

,oe;Jtpl;lJ. 10 Mz;Lf;F Kd; 2 ,yl;rk; itj;jpUe;jth;/

,d;W 2 qgha; fld; nfl;fpwhh;. 10 tUlj;jpw;F Kd; gl;lk;

bgw;wth; ,d;W 10k; tFg;g[ Mfptpl;lhh; vd;W brhy;y

KoahJ.fy;tp Xh; mizah tpsf;F. ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;ij

xspkak; Mf;Fk;.xUth; fw;Wtpl;lhy; gyUf;Fk; xsp jUthh;.

fy;tp ,y;yhj ehL tpsf;fpy;yhj tPL nghd;wJ.tpsf;fpy;yhj

tPl;oy; ahh; FoapUg;ghh;fs;> mJ nghy; fy;tp ,y;yhj

FLk;gj;ij ahUk; kjpf;fkhl;lhh;fs;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; fy;tpapd;; rpwg;g[fisf;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ cyfj;jpy; mHpahj xd;W vJ > Vd;>

¾ ey;y E}ypd; ,ay;g[fshf eP=;fUJtd ahit>

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ fy;tpiaa[k; tpsf;ifa[k; jpUts;Sth; vt;thW

xg;gpLfpd;whh;>

¾ kdpjg; gpwtpf;Fk; gpw caphpd=;fSf;Fk; cs;s ntW ghL

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ E}y;fis vt;thW gof;fntz;Lk;>

¾ fy;tp mwpt[ ,y;yhjth; gw;wp ts;Sth; TWtJ ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tpapd; mtrpaj;ijg; gw;wp khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ bgh=;fy; Fwpj;j gpw bra;jpfis E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ fy;tpah > bry;tkh> ? fye;Jiuahly;.

¾ vJ bry;tk; > ,Uepkplg; ngr;R.

1. jpUf;Fwshh; vd;W miHf;fg;gLgth; ahh;>

2. cyfpy; kpft[k; mUikahdJ vJ>

3. `ed;wpd;ghy; ca;g;gJ mwpt[ `vd;W Twpath; ahh;>

M) gphpj;J vGJf (4)

4. cah;tilnthk;

5. ,itbay;yhk;

6. Vbdd;why;

7. khly;

8. bry;tk;

9. ,sikg;gUtk;

10. njh;e;bjLj;J

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tp fw;gnj ed;ik jUk; bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : gs;sp kWjpwg;g[f; fijiaf; FGthfg;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ FHe;ijj; bjhHpyhsh; Kiw xHpg;g[/ ,aw;if ts=;fisg;

ghJfhj;jy; Mfpa fUj;Jfiss ikakhff; bfhz;L

gilg;g[fis cUthf;Fgth; Rg;ughujpkzpad;. fdt[ vd;Dk;

,jiH elj;jp tUgth;. ,th; ,aw;wpa fij gs;sp kWjpwg;g[

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ ikaf;fUj;ij mwpjy

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : gs;sp kWjpwg;g[

? Rg;ughujpkzpad;;

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kdtiuglk;

kWjpwg;g[

kjpthzd; / ftpd; ?xnu tFg;gpy;

gog;gth;fs;. nfhil khj tpLKiw

gpd;dyhil epWtdk; ntiyf;Fr;

bry;yy;. ftpd; gzk; fpilf;fpwJ ,dp

gs;spf;Fg;nghf khl;nld; vd;whd;

kUj;Jth;/ bghwpahsh;

vd czu ntz;Lk;

? kjpthzd; fdt[.

mk;ngj;fUk; mg;Jy;

fyhKk; tpsk;gug;

gyifapy; bjd;gLjy;.

,itbay;yhk;

ghh;j;J kjpthzd;

fy;tp jhd; jiyepkpur;

bra;a[k; vd;gij

czh;fpwhd;

ngUe;J epWj;jjk; ? bghpath; ?

ey;Y}h; nghFkh vd rpWth;fsplk;

tpdty; ? vGjg; gof;fj; bjhpahJ

vdy; ? rpWth;fs; rphpj;jy;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ kjpthzd;/ ftpd; Mfpnahh; xnu tFg;gpy; gog;gth;fs;.

nfhil khj tpLKiw gpd;dyhil epWtdk; xd;wpw;F

ntiyf;Fr; bry;;fpd;wdh;. ftpd;/ ntiyapy; gzk;

fpilf;fpwJ/ ,dp gs;spf;Fg;nghf khl;nld; vd;whd;.

Mdhy;/ kjpthzndhkUj;Jth;/ bghwpahsh; vd cau

ntz;Lk; vd;W fdt[ fz;ltd;. mk;ngj;fUk; mg;Jy;

fyhKk;; tpsk;gug;gyifapy; bjd;gLfpd;wdh;. ,th;fs;

nghy cau ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; nkYk; njhd;wpaJ.

ngUe;J epWj;jjj;jpy; bghpath; xUth; ey;Y}h; nghFkh> vd

rpWth;fsplk; tpdt[fpd;whh;.mth; vGjg; gof;fj; bjhpahJ vd;W

Tw rpWth;fs; rphpj;jdh;. ,itbay;yhk; ghh;j;J kjpthzd;

fy;tp jhd; xUtiuj; jiyepkpur; bra;a[k; vd;gij czh;fpwhd;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; ghlj;ij

tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ kjpthzdpd; cs;sk; ftpd; cs;sk; xg;gpLf.

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ kjpthzdpd; rpe;jid ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ gs;sp kWjpwg;g[ fijiar; RUf;fpr;brhy;Yf.

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tpna caur; bra;a[k; vd;gjid khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W khky;yg[uj;jpd; rpw;g mikg;g[

Kiwapid vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ gs;sp kWjpwg;g[ fijapid ehlfkhf eoj;jy;.

¾ fijapidf; TWjy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : XbuGj;J xUbkhHp / gFgjk;/ gfhg;gjk;;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : XbuGj;J xUbkhHp/ gFgjk;/ gfhg;gjk;

Mfpatw;iwf; FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ brhy;ypd; ntWbgah;fs; gjk;/ bkhHp/ fpstp MFk;. xU

vGj;nj jdpj;J epd;W bghUs; jUtJk; cz;L.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : XbuGj;J

xUbkhHp/ gFgjk;/

gfhg;gjk;

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kdtiuglk;

ed;D}y; 42 XbuGj;J xU

bkhHpiaf; TWfpd;wJ.

mtw;wpy; beh/ J Mfpa

,uz;L vGj;Jfs; kl;Lnk

Fwpy; kw;wit beoy;.

gFgjk; : gphpf;f

,aYk; brhy;.

bgah;/ tpid vd

,Utifg;gLk;.

gFgj cWg;g[fs; : gFjp/

tpFjp/ re;jp/ rhhpia/

,ilepiy/ tpfhuk;

XbuGj;J

xUbkhHp/

gFgjk;/

gfhg;gjk;

gfhg;gjk; : gphpf;f

,ayhj brhy;.

bgah;/ tpid. ,il/

chp vd ehy;tifr;

brhw;fspy;

,lk;bgWk;.

gjk; 2 tif.

gFgjk;/ gfhg;gjk;.

bjhFj;jy;

XbuGj;J xUbkhHp gFgjk; gfhg;gjk;

ed;D}y; 42

XbuGj;J xU

bkhHpiaf;

TWfpd;wJ. mtw;wpy;

beh/ J Mfpa

,uz;L vGj;Jfs;

kl;Lnk Fwpy;

kw;wit beoy;.

gFgjk; gphpf;f ,aYk;

brhy;. bgah; tpid

vd ,Utifg;gLk;.

gFgj cWg;g[fs; : gFjp/

tpFjp/ re;jp/ rhhpia/

,ilepiy/ tpfhuk;.

gfhg;gjk; gphpf;f

,ayhj brhy;.

bgah;/ tpid.

,il / chp vd

ehy;tifr;

brhw;fspy;

,lk;bgWk;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdp @yk; tpiut[f; FwpaPl;L fhbzhypfisf; fhl;o /

ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ XbuGj;J xU bkhHpf;Fhpa brhw;fs; rpytw;iwa[k;

rhd;Wfisa[k; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ gfhg;gjj;pw;Fr; rhd;Wfs; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ gjk; vj;jid tifg;gLk;>mit ahit>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ XbuGj;J xUbkhHp/ gFgjk;/ gfhg;gjk; Mfpatw;iw

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ XbuGj;J xUbkhHp vGj;Jfspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ XbuGj;J xUbkhHp vGj;Jfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp

tUjy;.

¾ gFgjk; / gfhg;gjj;jpd;; rhd;Wfs; Twr;bra;jy;.

m) bghUj;Jf. (4)

1. bgah;g; gFgjk; ? thH;e;jhd;

2. tpidg;gFgjk; ? kd;

3. ,ilg;gF gjk; ? edp

4. chpg;gfhg; gjk; ? bghpahh;

M) cWg;gpyf;fzk; jUf (3)

5.nghths;

6.elf;fpwhd;

7.ghLthh;

3) XbuGj;J xU bkhHpf;F @d;W rhd;W TWf (3)

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ,ay; : @d;W(fiy tz;zk;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : xt;bthU fiyg; gilg;gpYk; ,lk;bgw

ntz;oatw;iw tpsf;Ftjhy;/ jdpj;j

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ bga;J gHfpa nkfk; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ njdurd; jkpHhrphpauhfg; gzpahw;wpath;. Fapy;/ thdk;gho/

bjd;wy; Mfpa ,jH;fspy; ftpij vGjpa[s;shh;. mth;

,aw;wpa bga;J gHfpa nkfk; ftpij E}ypy; ,f;ftpij

,lk;bgw;Ws;sJ.

thrpj;jy;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

xU ntz;Lnfhs;

? njdurd;

www.Padasalai.Org

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

kdtiuglk;

ghiw cilg;gth; rpiy

tpah;it /

cHth; <ukz; thrid.

My;g;!; kiyr; rpfuk;

fiytotk; bgWk;.

khDlg; gz;g[ ,Uf;f

ntz;Lk;.

XbuGj;J

xUbkhHp/

gFgjk;/

gfhg;gjk;

khDlk; ,y;yhj mHF

mHfd;W.

kdpjd; fyf;fhj vJt[k;

caph;g;gpy;iy.

jha; Xtpak; Kfj;jpy;

md;g[/ ghrk;.

FHe;ij Xtpak; ghy;

kzk; tPRk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ eP=;fs; ghiw cilg;gthpd; rpiyiar; brJf;fpdhy; / mjpy;

tpah;it ehw;wk; tPrntz;Lk;.cHthpd; cUt thh;g;ghf

,Ue;jhy;/ mjpy; <ukz;zpd; kzk; tPr ntz;Lk;.jhapd;

kfpH;r;rpahd Xtpaj;ij tiue;jhy;/ mthpd; Kfj;jpy; md;g[k;

ghrKk; epiwe;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;. rpW FHe;ijapd; rpj;jpuj;ijj;

jPl;odhy; mjd; ghy; kzk; fkH ntz;Lk;. My;g;!; kiyr;

rpfu=;fs; cs;spl;l ,aw;ifapd; tpe;ijj; njhw;w=;fs; vita[k;

fiy totk; bgwyhk;. Mdhy; mjpy; khDlg;gz;g[ fl;lhak;

,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. khDlk; ,y;yhj ve;j mHFk; mHfd;W.

kdpjd; fyf;fhj vjpYk; caph;g;gpy;iy.

www.Padasalai.Org

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ rpw;g=;fSk; Xtpa=;fSk; vt;thW mika ntz;Lk;>

¾ eP=;fs; xU fiy+uhf ,Ue;jhy; vj;jifa gilg;g[fis

cUthf;FtPh;fs;>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ghlypy; cs;s vJif/ nkhidr; brhw;fisf; TWf.

¾ cHth;fspd; cUt thh;g;gpy; ,Uf;f ntz;oait ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jha;ikapd; Xtpaj;jpy; ,Uf;fntz;oait vit>

¾ xU ntz;Lnfhs; ftpijia ,aw;wpath; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

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fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ njdurdpd; ghly; tHpf; fiy+dpd; bray;fis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ciHg;ghsh;fspd; bgUikapidr; Rl;Lk; ftpijfisj;

bjhFj;J tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ftp+h; njdurdpd; thH;f;if tuyhw;wpid vGjptur;

brhy;yy;.

¾ cdf;Fg; gpoj;j fiy xd;wpidg; gw;wpg; ngRf.

m) bghUs; TWf. (4)

1. beo ?

2. kHiy ?

3. tdg;g[ ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

4. tdg;gpy;iy ?

5. rpj;jpukhf;fpdhs; ?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. fiy + cyfk;;

7. caph;g;g[ + ,y;iy

8. njdurd; ftpij vGjpa ,jH;fspy; xd;W.........................

9. njdurd; gilg;g[fSs; xd;W.........................

10. cly; vd;gijf; Fwpf;Fk; brhy.........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fPiug; ghj;jp kw;Wk; Fjpiu Mfpatw;wpd;

bray;ghLfs; kl;Lk; tpsf;Ftjhy;/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhsnkfg; g[yth; jdpg;ghly; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ xU brhy;nyh/ bjhlnuh ,UbghUs; gl tUtJ ,ul;Lw

bkhHpjy; vdg;gLk;. ,jidr; rpnyil vd;Wk; miHg;gh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH : fPiug;

ghj;jpa[k; Fjpiua[k;

(,ul;Lw bkhHpjy;)

www.Padasalai.Org

kdtiuglk;

fPiug; ghj;jp :

kz;fl;ofisj; J}shf;Fk; / kz;iz

btl;oj; jLj;J ghj;jp mikg;gh;/

tha;f;fhypy; khwpkhwp ePh;g; gha;r;Rth;/ ePh;

filkil ,Wjp brd;W jpUk;g[k;.

Fjpiu :

tz;ofspy; fl;o / moj;J

Xl;lg;gLk;/ fhy; khwpkhwpg; gha;e;J

bry;Yk;/ vjphpfis kwpj;Jj; jhf;Fk;/

nghfntz;oa ,lk; brd;W jpUk;g[k;.

fPiug;

ghj;jpa[k;

Fjpiua[k;

bjhFj;jy;

fPiug; ghj;jp Fjpiu :

kz;fl;ofisj; J}shf;Fk;/

kz;iz btl;oj; jLj;J ghj;jp

mikg;gh;/ tha;f;fhypy; khwpkhwp

ePh;g; gha;r;Rth;/ ePh; filkil

,Wjp brd;W jpUk;g[k;.

tz;ofspy; fl;o/ moj;J

Xl;lg;gLk;/ fhy; khwpkhwpg;

gha;e;J bry;Yk;/ vjphpfis

kwpj;Jj; jhf;Fk;/ nghfntz;oa

,lk; brd;W jpUk;g[k;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fhsnkfg; g[yth; ,ul;Lw bkhHpa[k; gh=;F ahJ>

¾ fPiug;ghj;jpapd; bray;fs; ahit>

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ Fjpiu Fwpj;J fhsnkfg;g[yth; TWtd ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ,ul;Lw bkhHpjy; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fPiug;ghj;jpa[k; Fjpiua[k; Fwpj;J fhsnkfg;g[yth; ,ul;Lw

bkhHpa[k; Kiwapid khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ,ul;Lw bkhHpjy; ghly; rpytw;iw E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp

vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

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¾ ghly; fhl;rpfisg; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (4)

1. ghp ?

2. tz;fPiu ?

3. fhy; ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

4. tz;fPiu

5. ,ul;LwbkhHpjy;;

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. fl;o + moj;jy;;

7. ghp + MFnk

8. fhsnkfg;g[ythpd; ,aw;bgah.........................

9. fhsnkfg;g[yth; vGjpa E}y;fSs; xd;W.........................

10. Fjpiu vd;Dk; bghUs; jUk; brhy.........................

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : Xtpa=;fs;;; gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ Ma fiyfs; mWgj;J ehd;fDs; xd;W Xtpaf;fiy.

fhz;nghhpd; fz;iza[k; fUj;ija[k; mJ fth;e;J ,Gf;Fk;

Mw;wy; bgw;wJ.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; :

ngRk; Xtpa=;fs;

www.Padasalai.Org

kdtiuglk;

Xtpa tiffs;:

1.Fif Xtpak; 2.Rth; Xtpak;

3.Jzp Xtpak; 4.Xiyr;Rto

Xtpak; 5. brg;ngl;L Xtpak;

6.je;j Xtpak; 7.fz;zho Xtpak;

8.jhs; Xtpak; 9.fUj;Jg;gl Xtpak;

10.etPd Xtpak;

Xiyr;Rtofs;:

Xiyr;Rtofs; kPJ vGj;jhzpfisf;

bfhz;L nfhl;nlhtpakhft[k;

tz;zg;g{r;R Xtpakhf tiuth;.

*,it bgUk;ghYk; g[uhz / ,jpfhrf;

fhl;rpfisf; bfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;.

*,it j+;ir ruRtjp kfhy; E}yfj;jpy;

kl;Lnk fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

Xtpa=;fs;

Rth; Xtpak;

fhzg;gLk; ,lk;: muz;kidfs;/

kz;lg=;fs;/

nfhtpy;fs; Mfpatw;wpd;

nkw;TiufspYk;

Rth;fspYk; Rth;

Xtpa=;fs;

fhzg;gLk;.

ePh;epiyfs;/

brobfhofs;/ gwitfs;/

tpy=;Ffs;/ FwpaPLfs;

Mfpad brg;ngl;L

Xtpa=;fspy; fhzg;gLk;

fhl;rpfs; MFk;.kdpj

cUt=;fis tpe;ijahd

njhw;w=;fspy;

eifr;Rit njhd;Wk;

go tiutijf;

nfypr;rpj;jpuk; vd;gh;.

bjhFj;jy;

Xtpa tiffs; :

¾ 1.Fif Xtpak; 2.Rth; Xtpak; 3.Jzp Xtpak; 4.Xiyr;Rto

Xtpak; 5. brg;ngl;L Xtpak; 6.je;j Xtpak; 7.fz;zho

Xtpak; 8.jhs; Xtpak; 9.fUj;Jg;gl Xtpak; 10.etPd Xtpak;

Rth; Xtpak; fhzg;gLk; ,lk;:

¾ muz;kidfs; /kz;lg=;fs; / nfhtpy;fs; Mfpatw;wpd;

nkw;TiufspYk; Rth;fspYk; Rth; Xtpa=;fs; fhzg;gLk;.

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GANGA îI›73 in 1gUtk; 2Xiyr;Rtofs;:

¾ Xiyr;Rtofs; kPJ vGj;jhzpfisf; bfhz;L

nfhl;nlhtpakhft[k; tz;zg;g{r;R Xtpakhf tiuth;.,it

bgUk;ghYk; g[uhz/ ,jpfhrf; fhl;rpfisf; bfhz;L

,Uf;Fk;. ,it j+;ir ruRtjp kfhy; E}yfj;jpy; kl;Lnk

fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

brg;ngL/ nfypr;rpj;jpuk;

¾ ePh;epiyfs; / brobfhofs; / gwitfs; / tpy=;Ffs; /

FwpaPLfs; Mfpad brg;ngl;L Xtpa=;fspy; fhzg;gLk;

fhl;rpfs; MFk;.kdpj cUt=;fis tpe;ijahd njhw;w=;fspy;

eifr;Rit njhd;Wk; go tiutijf; nfypr;rpj;jpuk; vd;gh;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL @yk; Xtpaj;jpd;;;

rpwg;g[fisf; fhl;o/ ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fiyfs; rpytw;wpd; bgah;fisf; TWf.

¾ Xtpaf; fiyna rpwe;jJ ? vd;gij epWt[f.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ jhs; Xtpak; vtw;iwf; bfhz;L tiuth;>

¾ Rth; Xtpa=;fs; fhzg;gLk; ,l=;fs; ahit>

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GANGA îI›7 3 in 1 gUtk; 2 Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT)

¾ Xtpa=;fspd; tiffs; ahit>

¾ nfypr;rpj;jpuk; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ gz;ilj; jkpHhpd; tzpfj;ij khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ c=;fs; gFjpapy; eilbgWk; Xtpaf; fz;fhl;rpapy; fz;l

Xtpa=;fisg; gl;oaypl;L vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ bjhpe;J bjspnthk; ? ciug;gj;jpia cuf;fg; goj;jy;.

¾ gz;ilj; jkpHhpd; Xtpak;; Fwpj;Jg; ngRjy;.

Ê tsuwp kjpg;gPL (M)

m. rhpahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf. (5)

1. Fif Xtpa=;fspy; tz;zk; jPl;lg; gad;gl;l bghUs;fspy;

xd;W.........................

m) kz;Jfs; M) ePh; tz;zk;

,) vz;bza; tz;zk; <) fhpf;nfhy;

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GANGA îI›73 in 1gUtk; 22. eifr;Rit czh;t[ btspg;gLkhW tiuag;gLk; Xtpak;

.........................

m)Fif Xtpak; M) Rth; Xtpak;

,)fz;zho Xtpak; <) nfypr;rpj;jpuk;

3. ̀nfhl;nlhtpak;~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf; fpilg;gJ

.........................

m) nfhL + Xtpak; M) nfhl;L + Xtpak;

,)nfhl; + nlhtpak; <) nfho + Xtpak;

4. `brg;ngL~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf;

fpilg;gJ.........................

m) brg;g[+<L M) brg;g[ + XL

,) brg;g[ + VL <) brg;g[ + naL

5. vGj;J + Mzp vd;gjidr; nrh;j;bjGjf; fpilf;Fk;

brhy.........................

m) vGj;JMzp M) vGj;jhzp

,) vGj;Jjhzp <) vGjhzp

M. nfhol;l ,l=;fis epug;g[f. (3)

6. fUj;Jg;gl=;fis mwpKfg;gLj;jpath.........................

7. fyk;fhhp Xtpak; vd;WmiHf;fg;gLtJ.........................

8. kd;dh;fspd; Mizfisa[k; muR Mtz=;fisa[k;

.........................kPJ bghwpj;Jg; ghJfhj;jdh;.

,. xU brhy;ypy; tpilaspf;f. (2)

9. Ma fiyfs; bkhj;jk; vj;jid>

10. j+;ir bghpanfhapypy; cs;s Xtpak; vJ>

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpH; xsph; ,l=;fs; gw;wpa gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : jkpH; xsph; ,l=;fs; gFjpiaf; FGthf;g;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ kdpjh;fs; g[jpa g[jpa ,l=;fisf; fhz;gjpy; tpUg;gk;

cilath;fs;. jkpHpd; bgUik tpsf;Fk; gy ,l=;fs; cs;sd.

thrpj;jy;

¾ jkpH; xsph; ,l=;fs; Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : jkpH; xsph;

,l=;fs;

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kdtiuglk;

ruRtjp kfhy; " fp.gp.1122

jkpH; / bjY=;F cs;spl;l gybkhHpfspy; Xiyr; rtofs; ifbaGj;Jg;

gofs;. jkpH;g; gy;fiyf;fHfk; : 1981y; jkpGf;fhfj; bjhl=;fg;gl;l

gy;fiyf; fHfk;. thdj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghh;f;Fk; nghJ jkpH;ehL vd;w bgah;

bjhpa[k; go fl;ll=;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. 5 g[y=;fSk; 25 Jiw.

brd;id ts;Sth; nfhl;lk;.

jpUts;Sthpd; g[fiH cyfwpar; bra;a[k;

tifapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 1330

Fwl;ghf;fs; brJf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

jkpH; xsph;

,l=;fs;

c.nt.rh. E}yfk;.

,=;F 2128 Xiyr; Rtofs;

fd;dpkhuh E}yfk; :1896y;

,J bjhl=;fg;gl;lJ.

jkpH;ehl;od; ika E}yfk; ,J.

2 ,yl;rj;jpw;Fk;

nkw;gl;l E}y;

fd;dpahFkhpapy;

cs;s jpUts;Sth; rpiy.

jkpHf muR ,jid epWtpaJ.

ts;Sth; rpiy 133 mo

cuj;jpy; cs;sJ. rpiyapd;

vil VHhapuk;

ld; vil

bjhFj;jy;

¾ j+;ir ruRtjp kfhy; E}yfk; ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s gHikahd

E}yfk; ,J. fp.gp.1122 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; ,e;j E}yfk;

,a=;fptUfpd;wJ. jkpH; / bjY=;F cs;spl;l gybkhHpfspy;

Xiyr; rtofs; ifbaGj;Jg; gofs; ,=;F cs;sd.jkpH;g;

gy;fiyf;fHfk; 1981y; jkpGf;fhfj; bjhl=;fg;gl;l

gy;fiyf; fHfk;. thdj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghh;f;Fk; nghJ jkpH;ehL

vd;w bgah; bjhpa[k; go fl;ll=;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. 5 g[y=;fSk;

25 JiwfSk; ,=;F cs;sd.c.nt.rh . E}yfk;. ,=;F

2128 Xiyr; Rtofs; kw;Wk; 2041 jkpH;E}y;fSk; cs;sd.

fd;dpkhuh E}yfk; 1896 y; ,J bjhl=;fg;gl;lJ. jkpH;ehl;od;

ika E}yfk; ,J. 2 ,yl;rj;jpw;Fk; nkw;gl;l E}y;fs; ,=;F

cs;sd. brd;id ts;Sth; nfhl;lk;. jpUts;Sthpd; g[fiH

cyfwpar; bra;a[k; tifapy; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 1330

Fwl;ghf;fs; brJf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.fd;dpahFkhpapy; cs;s

jpUts;Sth; rpiy. jkpHf muR ,jid epWtpaJ. ts;Sth;

rpiy 133 mo cuj;jpy; cs;sJ. rpiyapd; vil VHhapuk; ld;

vil bfhz;lJ. jkpHhpd; milahsk; ,J.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ jkpGf;Fg; g[fH; nrh;f;Fk; ,l=;fisg; gl;oaypLf.

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ g[fH; kpf;f jkpHf E}yfk; Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jpUts;Sth; rpiy gw;wpf; TWf.

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ jkpHfj;jpy; cs;s gH+;rpwg;gpl=;fs; gw;wpa bra;jpfis

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W jkpHfj;jpy; cs;s rpwg;gplk; xd;W gw;wpf;

fl;Liu vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ jkpHfj;jpy; cs;s rpwg;gplk; xd;W gw;wpg; ngRjy;.

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : bjhHpw;bgah; gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : bjhHpw;bgah; fUj;Jfisf; FGthfg; goj;J/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ bgah; vd;why; vd;d> vd;w tpdhtpid khzhf;fh;fsplk;

nfl;L/ mt;tpilfspd; tHpna ghl mwpKfk; bra;jy;.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : bjhHpw;bgah;

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kdtiuglk;

bjhHpiyf; Fwpf;Fk;

bgah; bjhHpw;bgah;.

Kjdpiy/ Kjdpiyj;

jphpe;j bjhHpw;bgah; ?

tiffs;;

Kjdpiyj; bjhHpy; bgah;:

Kjdpiy vt;tif khw;wk;

,y;yhky; bjhHpw;bgauhf

miktJ.

bjhHpw;bgah;

Kjdpiyj; jphpe;j

bjhHpy; bgah;:

Kjdpiy jphptjhy;;

bjhHpw;bgauhf

miktJ.

bjhHpy; bgah; tpFjpfs;:

jy;/ my;/ mk;/ I/ if /

it/ F/ rp/ g[/ t[/ jp/ rp/

tp/ ik

bjhFj;jy;

¾ bjhHpiyf; Fwpf;Fk; bgah; bjhHpw;bgah;.Kjdpiy /

Kjdpiyj; jphpe;j bjhHpw;bgah; Mfpad bjhHpw;bgah;

tiffs;; MFk;.

¾ bjhHpy; bgah; tpFjpfs;: jy;/ my;/ mk;/ I/ if/ it/ F/ rp / g[/

t[/ jp/ rp/ tp/ ik

¾ Kjdpiyj; bjhHpy; bgah;:Kjdpiy vt;tif khw;wk;

,y;yhky; bjhHpw;bgauhf miktJ.

¾ Kjdpiyj; jphpe;j bjhHpy; bgah;:Kjdpiy jphptjhy;;

bjhHpw;bgauhf miktJ.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ tPL/ kPd; Mfpa brhw;fspd; bjhHpw;bgah; tif ahJ> tpsf;Ff.

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ bjhHpw;bgah; tpFjpfs; ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ Kjiyj; bjhHpw; bgah; vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ bjhHpw;bgah; tpFjpfs; kw;Wk; tiffs; Mfpatw;iw

bjhlh;gzp

¾ bjhHpw;bgah; rhd;Wfspd; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

¾ bjhHpy;bgah;; rhd;Wfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp tUjy;.

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GANGA îI›7 3 in 1 gUtk; 2fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz; : 10

m) rhpahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf. (2)

1. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; tpFjp bgw;w bjhHpw;bgah; vJ>

m) vGJ M) ghL

,) goj;jy; <) eo

2. gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; Kjdpiy jphpe;j bjhHpw; bgah; vJ>

m) CW M) eL

,) tpG <) vGjy;

M) bghUj;Jf. (3)

3. xl;lfk; ? Kjdpiyj; bjhHpw;bgah

4. gpo ? Kjdpiyj; jphpe;j bjhHpw;bgah;

5. NL ? tpFjp bgw;w bjhHpw;bgah;

,) bjhHpw;bgah; tpFjpfSf;Fr; rhd;W cUthf;Ff. (5)

6. .........................jy;

7. .........................it

8. .........................g[

9. .........................F

10.........................ik

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : tpUe;njhk;gy;/ fs;shik/ Cf;fKilik/

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tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ jpUf;Fws;? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

thH;tpay; : jpUf;Fws;

? jpUts;Sth;

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kdtiuglk;

ehk; xUtUila

gz;ig mwpe;j mtUf;F

ed;ik bra;a ntz;Lk;.

,y;yhtpl;lhy; ed;ik

bra;jhYk; jPik te;J

nrUk;.

Jd;gk; te;j nghJ

tUe;jpf; fy=;fhjtu;/

me;jj; Jd;gj;jpw;nf Jd;gk;

cz;lhf;fp mjid btd;W

tpLtu;.

jpUf;Fws;

rpe;jidfs;

fw;f ntz;oatw;iwg;

gpiH ,y;yhky; fw;f

ntz;Lk;. fw;wgpd; fw;w

tHpapy; elf;f ntz;Lk;.

vz;Qk; vGj;Jk; thGk;

kf;fSf;Ff; fz;fs;

nghd;wit.

bra;aj;jfhj

bray;fisr;

bra;tjhYk; bra;aj;jf;f

bray;fisr; bra;ahky;

tpLtjhYk; jPik

cz;lhFk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ ehk; xUtUila gz;ig mwpe;j mtUf;F ed;ik bra;a

ntz;Lk;. ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ed;ik bra;jhYk; jPik te;J

nrUk;.bra;aj;jfhj bray;fisr; bra;tjhYk; bra;aj;jf;f

bray;fisr; bra;ahky; tpLtjhYk; jPik cz;lhFk;.Jd;gk;

te;j nghJ tUe;jpf; fy=;fhjtu;/ me;jj; Jd;gj;jpw;nf Jd;gk;

cz;lhf;fp mjid btd;W tpLtu;. fw;f ntz;oatw;iwg;

gpiH ,y;yhky; fw;f ntz;Lk;. fw;wgpd; fw;w tHpapy; elf;f

ntz;Lk;. vz;Qk; vGj;Jk; thGk; kf;fSf;Ff; fz;fs;

nghd;wit.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLk; bjhpe;J bray;tifg; gz;g[fis vGJf.

¾ fy;tpr; rpwg;ig ts;Sth; tHp tpsf;Ff.

Ê eLjju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ghlypy; cs;s vJif/ nkhidr; brhw;fis vLj;J vGJf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ vJ jPik>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

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1. ????????? jPik cz;lhf;Fk;.

m) bra;aj; jFe;j bray;fisr; bra;tjhy;

M) bra;aj; jfhj bray;fisr; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

,) bra;aj; jFe;j bray;fisr; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

<) vJt[k; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

2. jd; Foiar; rpwe;j Foahfr; bra;a tpUk;g[thplk; ??????

,Uf;ff; TlhJ.

m) nrhk;gy; M) RWRWg;g[ ,) VH;ik <) bry;tk;

3. `vGj;bjd;g~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf; fpilg;gJ ?????

m) vGj;J + bjd;g M) vGj;J + vd;g

,) vGj;J + ,d;g <) vGj; + bjd;g

4. ̀fiue;Jz;Qk;~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf;

fpilg;gJ?????????

m) fiue;J + ,d;Dk; M) fiu + Jz;Qk;

,) fiue;J + cz;Qk; <) fiu + cz;Qk;

5. fw;widj;J + CWk; vd;gjidr; nrh;j;bjGjf; fpilg;gJ ???

m) fw;widj;J}Wk; M) fw;widJ}Wk;

,) fw;widj;jPUk; <) fw;widj;njhWk;

M. bghUj;Jf. (5)

1.fw;Fk; Kiw ? bray;

2.caph;f;Ff; fz;fs; ? fhfk;

3.tpGr;bry;tk; ? gpiHapy;yhky; fw;wy;

4.vz;zpj; Jzpf ? vz;Qk; vGj;Jk;

5.futh fiue;Jz;Qk; ? fy;tp

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8ghlj;jpl;lf;

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gUtk; 2 3 in 1 GANGA îI›8

Ê ,ay; : xd;W (fy;tp fiuapy;)

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tpapd;; rpwg;gpid kl;Lk; tpsf;Ftjhy;/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ ePjpbewp tpsf;fk;? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ kf;fspd; thH;t[f;Fj; njitahd ePjpfisr; Rl;of;fhl;LtJ

ePjpbewp tpsf;fk;.,jidf; FkuFUguh; ,aw;wpa[s;shh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 1.1

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH : fy;tp

mHnf mHF? FkuFUguh;

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8kdtiuglk;

ePjpbewpg;

xspUk; kzpfshy;

bra;ag;gl;l

mzpfyd;fs;

njitapy;iy. mJnghy; fy;tp fw;wth;f;F

fw;w fy;tpna mHF

Mifahy; mHF nrh;f;Fk;

gpw mzpfyd;fs;

mtUf;Fj; njit ,y;iy

bjhFj;jy;

¾ xspUk; kzpfshy; bra;ag;gl;lmzpfyd;fSf;F ntW

mzpfyd; njitapy;iy.

¾ mJnghy; fy;tp fw;wth;f;Ff; fw;w fy;tpna mHF.

¾ Mifahy; mHF nrh;f;Fk;/ gpw mzpfyd;fs; mtUf;Fj;

njit ,y;iy

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp/ xl;L bkhj;j

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fy;tpapd; gad;fs; ahit>

¾ FkuFUguh; Fwpg;g[ TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ePjpbewp tpsf;fg; ghly; TWk; fUj;Jfisf; TWf.

¾ ePjpbewp tpsf;fk; gw;wpf; TWf.

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gUtk; 2 3 in 1 GANGA îI›8 Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT)

¾ ahUf;F mHF bra;a mzpfyd;fs; njit ,y;iy>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tpapd; rpwg;g[fis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ FkuFUguh; ,aw;wpa E}y;fisg; gl;oaypl;L/ Fwpg;g[ vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ePjpbewp tpsf;fj;jpd; gpw ghly; rpy bjhFj;J vGJjy;.

fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz; :10

m) bghUs; TWf. (2)

1. fyd; ? 2. Kw;w?

M) brhw;bwhlh; mikf;f (3)

3. mHF ?

4. fw;wth; ?

5. mzpfyd ;?

6. ePjpbewp tpsf;fk; ,aw;wpath;.......................

7. FkuFUguh; fhyk;.......................

8. ePjpbewp tpsf;fj;jpy; cs;s btz;ghf;fspd; vz;zpf;if.................

9. fe;jh; fypbtz;ghit ,aw;wpath;.......................

10. xspu vd;Dk; bghUs; jUk; brhy;.......................

www.Padasalai.Org

gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : mwpt[ kw;Wk; md;gpd; njitia kl;Lk;

tpsf;Ftjhy;/ jdpj;j tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ My=;Fo nrhK jpiug;glg; ghly; Mrphpah;. jkpH;ehL murpd;

fiykhkzp tpUJ bgw;wth;. mthpd; jpiug;glg; ghly; xd;W

jhd; g[j;jpiaj; jPl;L ghly;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

Üô° 1.2

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

g[j;jpiaj; jPl;L? My=;Fo nrhK

www.Padasalai.Org

gUtk; 2 3 in 1 GANGA îI›8kdtiuglk;

fz;zpak; jtwhky; mjpy;

jd;Dila jpwikiaf; fhl;l

ntz;Lk;. Mj;jpuk; fz;iz

kiwj;J tpLk;.

mwpt[f;F ntiy bfhLj;J

mikjp fhf;f ntz;Lk;.

giftd; mof;f te;jhYk;

mtuplk; md;g[ fhl;o

mutizf;f ntz;Lk;.

kd;dpf;fj; bjupe;j kdpjdpd;

cs;sk; khzpf;ff;

fy; nghd;wJ.

g[j;jpiaj;

thGk; Kiw

,jid kwe;J thH;e;jtd;

thH;f;if jlk; bjupahky;

kiwe;J ngha;tpLk;.

thGk; thH;f;if rpy

fhynk- ,jw;Fs; ve;j

,yhgKk; fpilf;fhJ.

mfk;ghtj;ij fhl;lhky;

thHntz;Lk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ fz;zpak; jtwhky; mjpy; jd;Dila jpwikiaf; fhl;l

ntz;Lk;. Mj;jpuk; fz;iz kiwj;J tpLk;. mwpt[f;F

ntiy bfhLj;J mikjp fhf;f ntz;Lk;. giftd; mof;f

te;jhYk; mtuplk; md;g[ fhl;o mutizf;f ntz;Lk;.

kd;dpf;fj; bjupe;j kdpjdpd; cs;sk; khzpf;ff; fy; nghd;wJ.

,jid kwe;J thH;e;jtd; thH;f;if jlk; bjupahky;

kiwe;J ngha;tpLk;. thGk; thH;f;if rpy fhynk- ,jw;Fs;

ve;j ,yhgKk; fpilf;fhJ. mfk;ghtj;ij fhl;lhky;

thHntz;Lk;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ g[j;jpiaj; jPl;o thH ntz;oa Kiwfshff; ftp+h; TWtd

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ My=;Fo nrhK Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

¾ gifth;fsplk; ele;J bfhs;sntz;oa Kiw ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ahUila cs;sk; khzpf;ff; nfhapy; nghd;wJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ g[j;jpiaj; jPl;o thHntz;oaKiwapid khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ mwptpd; bgUik Rl;Lk; gHbkhHpfis E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp

vGjptur;; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ md;g[ gw;wpa gpw ftpijfs; vGjp tUjy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (4)

1. g[j;jp ?

2. cs;sk; ?

3. jlk; ?

4. mfk;ghtk; ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

5. nfhapyg;gh ?

6. giftbdd;whYk; ?

7. My=;Fo nrhK gpwe;j khtl;lk.......................

8. .......................iaj; jPl;lhnj-

9. .......................iaj; jPl;L

10. kdpjd; cs;sk; .......................nfhapy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tpgw;wpa gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ nfoy; tpGr;bry;tk; fy;tp. kdpjd; tpy=;fplk; ,Ue;J

khWgl;L cah;e;J epw;gjw;F mog;gilaha; tps=;FtJ fy;tp

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 1.3

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; :

gy;Jiwf; fy;tp

www.Padasalai.Org

gy;Jiwf;

ehk; jkpHh; ek; jha;bkhHp thapyhfnt fy;tp

bgWtJ rpwg;g[. mJntjhd; ,aw;if Kiw.

nghjpa Xa;t[ neuKk; tha;g;g[k; ,Ug;gpd;

ntW gy bkhHpfisa[k; gapyyhk;. Mdhy;

jha;bkhHp thapyhfnt fy;tp gapYjy;

ntz;Lk;. jha;ehL vd;Dk; bgah; jha;

bkhHpiaf; bfhz;L gpwg;gJ MFk;.

1. Vl;Lf; fy;tp 2. bjhHpw;fy;tp

3. jha;bkhHptHpf; fy;tp 4. jkpH;tHpf;fy;tp

5. fhg;gpaf; fy;tp 6. ,aw;iff; fy;tp

7. ,irf;fy;tp 8. ehlff;fy;tp

9. mwptpay; fy;tp

Vl;Lf;fy;tpna fy;tp v=;Fk;

epytp tUfpwJ. Vl;Lf;fy;tp

kl;Lk; fy;tp MfhJ. ,e;ehspy;

fy;tp vd;gJ bghUs;

fpilf;fpwJ. Fwpg;gpl;l

ghl=;fis kdg;ghlk; bra;J

njh;tpy; njwp gl;lk; bgw;W>

xU bjhHpypy; EiHtjw;Ff;

fy;tp xU fUtp. ehsiltpy;

mf;fy;tpf;Fk; thH;tpw;Fk;

bjhlh;g[ ,y;yhky; nghfpwJ

,aw;if Xtpak; gj;Jg;ghl;L

/,aw;if ,d;gf;fyk;

fypj;bjhif/ ,aw;if

thH;tpay; jpUf;Fws;/

,aw;if ,d;g thH;t[

epiya=;fs; rpyg;gjpfhuKk;

kzpnkfiya[k;/ ,aw;if

jtk; rpe;jhkzp/ ,aw;ifg;

gupzhkk; fk;guhkhazk;/

,aw;if md;g[ bgupag[uhzk;/

,aw;if ,iwa[s; njthu

jpUthrf jpUtha;bkhHpfs;

bjhFj;jy;

¾ 1. Vl;Lf; fy;tp 2. bjhHpw;fy;tp 3. jha;bkhHptHpf; fy;tp

4. jkpH;tHpf;fy;tp 5. fhg;gpaf; fy;tp 6. ,aw;iff; fy;tp 7.

,irf;fy;tp 8. ehlff;fy;tp 9. mwptpay; fy;tp Mfpatw;iwj;

jpU.tp.f Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;.Vl;Lf;fy;tpna fy;tp vd;Dk;

xU bfhs;if v=;Fk; epytp tUfpwJ. Vl;Lf;fy;tp kl;Lk;

fy;tp MfhJ. ,e;ehspy; fy;tp vd;gJ bghUs; fpilf;fpwJ.

Fwpg;gpl;l ghl=;fis kdg;ghlk; bra;J njh;tpy; njwp gl;lk;

bgw;W xU bjhHpypy; EiHtjw;Ff; fy;tp xU fUtpahf

bfhs;sg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ehsiltpy; mf;fy;tpf;Fk;

thH;tpw;Fk; bjhlg;g[ ,y;yhky; nghfpwJ vd;fpwhh; jpU.tp.f.

www.Padasalai.Org

gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8ehk; jkpHh; ek; jha;bkhHp thapyhfnt fy;tp bgWtJ

rpwg;g[. mJntjhd; ,aw;if Kiw. nghjpa Xa;t[ neuKk;

tha;g;g[k; ,Ug;gpd; ntW gy bkhHpfisa[k; gapyyhk;.

Mdhy; jha;bkhHp thapyhfnt fy;tp gapYjy; ntz;Lk;.

jha;ehL vd;Dk; bgah; jha; bkhHpiaf; bfhz;L gpwg;gJ

MFk;.,aw;if Xtpak; gj;Jg;ghl;L/,aw;if ,d;gf;fyk;

fypj;bjhif/ ,aw;if thH;tpay; jpUf;Fws;/ ,aw;if ,d;g

thH;t[ epiya=;fs; rpyg;gjpfhuKk; kzpnkfiya[k;/ ,aw;if

jtk; rpe;jhkzp/ ,aw;ifg; gupzhkk; fk;guhkhazk;/ ,aw;if

md;g[ bgupag[uhzk;/ ,aw;if ,iwa[s; njthu jpUthrf

jpUtha;bkhHpfs; . ,j;jkpH;; fUt[y=;fis cd;d cd;d

cs;sj;jpy; vGk; ,d;g md;ig brhy;yhy; brhy;y ,ayhJ.

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp/ cs;sl=;f. xl;L

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; gy;Jiwf; fy;tp Fwpj;j

tpsf;fj;ijf; fhl;o/ ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ fhg;gpaf; fy;tp Fwpj;Jj; jpU.tp.f. TWtd ahit>

¾ mwptpay; fy;tp Fwpj;Jj; jpU.tp.f. TWtd ahit>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ Vl;Lf;fy;tp Fwpj;Jj; jpU.tp.f. TWtd ahit>

¾ bjhHpw;fy;tp Fwpj;Jj; jpU.tp.f. TWtd ahit>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jha;bkhHpf;fy;tp Fwpj;Jj; jpU.tp.f. TWtd ahit>

¾ jkpH;ehL vd;Dk; bgah; vt;thW gpwf;fpwJ>

www.Padasalai.Org

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

gapw;rpapida[k; ghlg;bghUspd; RUf;fj;ija[k; kPz;Lk;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fy;tpapy; cs;s gy;Jiwfiskhzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ jpU.tp.ftpd; thH;f;if tuyhw;iw E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ eP fw;f tpUk;g[k; fy;tp gw;wpg; ngRf.

¾ ,d;Ws;s fy;tpj;Jiwg; gl;lgog;g[fisg; gl;oaypLjy;.

fhyk; : 15 epkplk; kjpg;bgz ;:10

m. rupahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf.

1. mwpahikia ePf;fp mwpit tpsf;FtJ ???????????

m. tpsf;F M. fy;tp ,. tpisahl;L <. ghl;L

2. fy;tpg; gapw;rpf;Fupa gUtk;???????????

m. ,sik M. KJik ,. neh;ik <. tha;ik

3. ,d;iwa fy;tp ????????????EiHtjw;Ff; fUtpahff;

bfhs;sg;gl;L tUfpwJ.

m. tPl;oy; M. ehl;oy; ,. gs;spapy; <. bjhHpypy;

www.Padasalai.Org

gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8M. epug;g[f

4. fyg;gpy;??????????? tsh;r;rp cz;L vd;gJ ,aw;if El;gk;.

6. g[w cyF Muha;r;rpf;F ?????????????bfhGbfhk;g[ nghd;wJ .

3. thH;tpw;Fupa ,d;gj; Jiwfspy; jiyahaJ ?????????

,d;gkhFk;.

,. bghUj;Jf

7. ,aw;if Xtpak; ? rpe;jhkzp

8. ,aw;if jtk; ? bgupag[uhzk;

9. ,aw;if gupzhkk; ? gj;Jg;ghl;L

10. ,aw;if md;g[ ? fk;guhkhazk;

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : mwr;rpe;jidia tpsf;Ftjhy;/ ikrpe;Jk;

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy;; fijg; gFjpiaf;;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ gp.r.Fg;g[rhkp bjhlf;fg;gs;sp jiyik Mrphpauhf ,Ue;J

Xa;t[ bgw;wth;. ,thpd; Xh; Muk;gg; gs;sp Mrphpahpd; Fwpg;g[fs;

vd;Dk; E}ypy; ,Ue;J xUgFjp ghlkhf mike;Js;sJ.

thrpj;jy;

¾ Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy;fijr; RUf;fj;jpid Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf;

fhl;l khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

Üô° 1.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : Md;w

Fog;gpwj;jy;? gp.r.Fg;g[rhkp

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Fogpwj;jy;

Muk;gg; gs;spj; jiyikahrphpah;

? VH;ikahdth; ? xUehs; ntl;o

fhzhky; nghFjy;

tFg;gpy; `Md;w Fogpwj;jy;..~ vd;w

FwSf;F tpsf;fk; ? Mrphpah; : jPatdpd;

kfd; ey;ytdhf ,Uf;fyhk;. vd;whh;.

jpUoa ntl;o

xg;gilj;jy;? Cuhh;

VRjy; ?Mrphpah;

rfhnjtDf;fhf g[fhh;

bfhLf;f kWg;g[

rpfhkzp jhd; jpUo

,Ug;ghd; Cuhh; Tw;W?

,td; kfd; rfhnjtd;

Mrphpahpd; gs;spapy;

gog;gtd;? mtdplk;

,th; vija[k; fhl;of;

bfhs;stpy;iy

bjhFj;jy;

¾ xU rpw;W}h; gs;spj; jiyikahrphpah;.mth; VH;ik

epiyapy; cs;sth;. xU ehs; jd; ntl;oiaj; Jitj;J

fhaitj;Jtpl;Lg; gs;spf;Fr; bry;fpwhh;. gs;sp Koe;J

te;jJk; ntl;oiag; ghh;f;fpwhh;. ntl;o fhztpy;iy.

ahnuh jpUor; brd;W tpl;lij mth; czh;fpd;whh;.rpfhkzp

jhd; fpzw;w;py; jz;zp vLf;f/ gy Kiw ,e;jg; gf;fk;

te;jhd;. mtd; jhd; vLj;J ,Ug;ghd; vd;wdh; Ch; kf;fs;.

kWehs; tHf;fk; nghy; gs;sp bry;fpd;whh;. me;jg; gs;spapy;

rpfhkzpapd; kfd; rfhnjtDk; gof;fpd;whd;. mtdplk; mth;

vJt[k; nfl;ftpy;iy. md;iw ghlk;/ ~Md;w Fogpwj;jy;....~

Fwl;gh. ew;gz;g[ ,y;yhjthpd; kfd; ey;ytdhf ,Uf;fyhk;

vd;whh;. mJ rfhnjtd; kdjpy; beUly; Vw;gLj;jpaJ.jd;

tPl;oy; ,Ue;j ntl;oiaf; fpU&;z@h;j;jpaplk; bfhLj;J

tpLfpd;whh;.Cuhh; mwpfpd;wdh;. rfhnjtd; brayhy; Mrphpah;

g[fhh; bfhLf;f kWj;JtpLfpd;whh;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy;

fijapidf; fhl;o/ ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy; fijapidr; RUf;fpf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy; FwSf;F Mrphpah; Twpa tpsf;fk; ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ rfhnjtd; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

gapw;rpapida[k; fijapd;; RUf;fj;ija[k; fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna

gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Fws; fUj;J kdij khw;Wk; vd;w bra;jpia khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;WjpUf;Fws; fijfs; rpytw;iw vGjp tur;

brhy;Yjy;.

¾ Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy;; vd;Dk; fijf; fUj;jpidr; RUf;fp vGjp

tUjy;.

¾ Md;w Fog;gpwj;jy fijiaf; TWjy;

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ntw;Wik kw;Wk; ntw;Wik cUg[fs;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : ntw;Wik kw;Wk; ntw;Wik cUg[fs;;

fUj;Jfisf; FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ bgah;r;brhy;ypd; bghUis ntWgLj;JtJ ntw;Wik MFk;.

ntw;Wik vl;L tifg;gLk;.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 1.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : ntw;Wik

www.Padasalai.Org

ntw;Wik

tiffs;

ntw;Wik vl;L tifg;gLk;.

Kjyhk; ntw;Wik : vGtha; ntw;Wik/ cUg[

,y;iy.

,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik : brag;gLbghUs;

ntw;Wik / I cUg[ / Mf;fy;/mHpj;jy;/miljy;/

ePj;jy;/ xj;jy;/cilik

Ie;jhk; ntw;Wik : eP=;fy; / xg;g[/

vy;iy / VJ bghUspy; tUk;.

cUg[ : ,d; / ,y;

Mwhk; ntw;Wik : chpikg;bghUspy; tUk;.

cUg[ : mJ / MJ /m

VHhk; ntw;Wik : fhyk;

/ ,lk; Mfpatw;iwf;

Fwpf;Fk; brhw;fspy; tUk;.

cUg[ :fz;

vl;lhk; ntw;Wik :

tpspg;bghUspy; tUk;.

cUg[ ,y;iy.

@d;whk; ntw;Wik :

fUtpg;bghUs; /fUj;jhg;

bghUspy; tUk;. cUg[fs; :

My; / Md; / xL/XL

ehd;fhk;

ntw;Wikg;bghUs; :

bfhil / gif / el;g[/ jFjp/

mJthjy; / bghUl;L/

Kiw/ vy;iy

cUg[ : F

bjhFj;jy;

Kjyhk;

ntw;Wik

,uz;lhk;

ntw;Wik

@d;whk;

ntw;Wik

ehd;fhk;

ntw;Wik

vGtha;

ntw;Wik/

,y;iy.

brag;gLbghUs;

ntw;Wik/

cUg[ ? I

Mf;fy;/mHpj;jy;/

miljy;/ ePj;jy;/

xj;jy;/cilik

bghUspy; tUk;.

fUtpg;bghUs;/

fUj;jhg;

bghUspy;

tUk;. cUg[fs; :

My;/ Md;/ xL/

bfhil/ gif/

el;g[/ jFjp/

mJthjy;/

bghUl;L/

Kiw/vy;iy

vdg; gy

bghUspy;

cUg[ : F

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8Ie;jhk;

ntw;Wik Mwhk; ntw;Wik VHhk; ntw;Wik

vl;lhk;

ntw;Wik

eP=;fy;/

xg;g[/

vy;iy/ VJ

bghUspy;

cUg[ : ,d;/

chpikg;bghUspy;

cUg[ : mJ/ MJ/

fhyk;/ ,lk;

Mfpatw;iwf;

Fwpf;Fk;

brhw;fspy;

cUg[ : fz;

tpspg;bghUspy;

tUk;. cUg[

,y;iy.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ tpiut[f;FwpaPL @yk; ghlg;gFjpiaf; fhl;o/ ghlj;ij

tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ehd;fhk; ntw;Wik vt;btt; bghUspy; tUk;> rhd;W TWf.

¾ cUg[fs; ,y;yhj ntw;Wikf;Fr; rhd;Wfs; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik vt;btt; bghUspy; tUk;>

¾ cldpfH;r;rpg; bghUs; vd;why; vd;d>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ ntw;Wik vd;why; vd;d>

¾ ntw;Wik vj;jid tifg;gLk;>

www.Padasalai.Org

gUtk; 2 3 in 1 GANGA îI›8FiwjPh; fw;wy;

¾ bky;y mUk;g[k; khzhf;fh;fSf;F ntw;Wikapd; tifr;

brhw;fis kPz;Lk; fw;gpj;Jj; jdpna gapw;rp mspj;jy;.

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ntw;Wikapd; tiffis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ ntw;Wik tifr; brhw;fisg; gl;oaiyr; rhd;Wld; vGjp

tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ntw;Wik cUg[fisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp tUjy;.

¾ ntw;WikfSf;F chpa brhy;YUg[fisr; rhd;Wld; vGJf.

M. bghUj;Jf. (5)

6. @d;whk; ntw;Wik?I

7. ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik?XL

8. ehd;fhk; ntw;Wik ?mJ

9. Ie;jhk; ntw;Wik ? F

10. Mwhk; ntw;Wik ?,d;

M. nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (5)

1. ntw;Wik????? tifg;gLk;.

2. bgah;r;brhy;Yld; ,izf;fg;gLk; mirfis ????? vd;gh;.

3. ??????????ntw;WikfSf;Fk; cUg[fs; cz;L.

4. ghit te;jhs; vd;gJ ???? ntw;Wik.

5. ,uz;lhk; ntw;Wik cUg[ ???

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jpUf;nfjhu tUzid vd;gij kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ njthuk; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ njthuk; ghoa @tUs; Re;juUk; xUth;. ,th; mUspa

njthug;ghly;fs; gd;dpU jpUKiwfSs; Mwhk; jpUKiwahf

itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 2.1

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

jpUf;nfjhuk; ? Re;juh;

www.Padasalai.Org

jpUf;nfjhu

jkpH;g;ghly;fisg;

ghLk; nghJ mje;F Vw;g

g[y;yh=;FHYk; KHt[k;

xypf;Fk;.

kjahidfs;

kzpfis thhp

,iwf;Fk;

,tw;why; ,ilawhJ

fpz; vd;Dk; xypahdJ

,irahf KH=;Fk;.

bghd;epw ePh; epiyfs;

itu=;fisg; nghd;w

ePh;j;jptiyfis thhp

,iwf;Fk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ jkpH;g;ghly;fisg; ghLk; nghJ mje;F Vw;g g[y;yh=;FHYk;

KHt[k; xypf;Fk;.

¾ bghd;epw ePh; epiyfs; itu=;fisg; nghd;w ePh;j;jptiyfis

thhp ,iwf;Fk;.

¾ kjahidfs; kzpfis thhp ,iwf;Fk;.

¾ ,tw;why; ,ilawhJ ~fpz; ~vd;Dk; xypahdJ ,irahf

KH=;Fk;.

? ,j;jifa rpwg;g[ilaJ jpUf;nfjhuk; efuk;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

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tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ njthuk; Fwpj;J ePtph; mwpe;jijf; TWf.

¾ jpUj;bjhz;lj;bjhiff;Fk; bghpahg[uhzj;jpw;Fk; cs;s

bjhlh;g[ ahJ>

¾ jpUf;nfjhuj;ijr; Re;juh; vt;thW tUzpf;fpwhh;>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ jkpH; ,irnahL ,ize;J ,irf;Fk; ,irf;fUtpfs; vit>

¾ jpUf;nfjhug; ghliy vGjpath; ahh;>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ jpUf;nfjhu efu tUzidia khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ njthuk; gw;wp tphpthd Fwpg;gpid E}yfj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp

¾ Re;juhpd; gpw ghly;fs; VnjDk; xd;wpid mwpe;J te;J

Twr;bra;jy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. gz; ?

2. fdfk; ?

3. bta;?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

4. fdr;Rid ?

5. kz;epd;wd?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. KHt[ + mjpu

7. jpU + nfjhuk;

8. fhl;oypUe;J te;j??????????? fUk;igj; jpd;wd.

9. ek;gpahquh; vd;W miHf;fg;gl;lth; ????

10. njthuj;ijj; bjhFg;gpj;jth;??????

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : fy;tpapd; ,d;wpaikahikia kl;Lk;

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ fypj;bjhif vl;Lj;bjhif E}y;fSs; xd;W.fypg;ghthy;

MdJ. fypj;bjhifiaj; bjhFj;jth; ey;ye;Jtdhh; Mthh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 2.2

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

ghlwpe;J xGFjy; ? ey;ye;Jtdhh;

www.Padasalai.Org

fypj;bjhif

czh;j;Jk;

ew;gz;g[fs;

,y;thH;t[ : ViHf;F cjt[jy;.

ghJfhj;jy; : md;ghdth;fisg; gphpahJ thH;jy;

gz;g[ : rhd;nwhh; tHp mwpe;J xGFjy;

epiw : kiwbghUs; gpwh; mwpahJ

fhj;jy;

ePjpKiw : Fw;wk; bra;jtUf;Fhpa

jz;lid tH=;Fjy;

bghWik : ,fH;gtiug;

bghWj;jy;.

md;g[ : cwt[fnshL

btWg;gpd;wp thH;jy;

mwpt[ : mwptw;wth; brhy;

bghWj;jy;

brwpt[ : Kd; brhd; d thf;iff;

fhg;ghw;wy;.

bjhFj;jy;

,y;thH;t[ ViHf;F cjt[jy;.

ghJfhj;jy; md;ghdth;fisg; gphpahJ thH;jy;

gz;g[ rhd;nwhh; tHp mwpe;J xGFjy;

md;g[ cwt[fnshL btWg;gpd;wp thH;jy;

mwpt[ mwptw;wth; brhy; bghWj;jy;

brwpt[ Kd; brhd;d thf;iff; fhg;ghw;wy;.

epiw kiwbghUs; gpwh; mwpahJ fhj;jy;

ePjpKiw Fw;wk; bra;jtUf;Fhpa jz;lid tH=;Fjy;

bghWik ,fH;gtiug; bghWj;jy;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ekf;F ,Uf;f ntz;oa gz;g[fs; ahit>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ fypj;bjhif gw;wpf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ gz;g[/ md;g[ Mfpait gw;wpf; fypj;bjhif TWtd ahit>

¾ mHpahr; bry;tk; vd;w ghly; mike;j E}y; vJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ fypj;bjhif TWk; ew;gz;g[fis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ fypj;bjhif gpw ghly; vGjp tUjy;

¾ r=;f,yf;fpa E}y;fisg; gl;oaypl;Lf; Twr; bra;jy;.

m) bghUs; TWf. (3)

1. mye;jth;?

2. fpis?

3. ngijahh; ?

M) gphpj;J vGJf (2)

4. ghlwpe;J ?

5. fz;nzhlhJ ?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6. Kiw + vdg;gLtJ

7. nghw;Wjy; + vd;gJ

8. fypj;bjhifia bjhFj;jth;?????

9. grpahy; thLk;??????????? cztspj;jy; ekJ flik.

10. ek;ik????? g; bghWj;jy; ntz;Lk;.

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : ehl;Lg;g[wf; iftpidf; fiyfs gw;wpa

gy;ntW bra;jpfis tpsf;Ftjhy;/

ikrpe;Jk; tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhl;rpg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

¾ iftpid bghUl;fs;

¾ bghk;ikfs;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾md;whl thH;f;iff;Fg; gad;ghl;Lf;fhf mHfpa bghUl;fisj;

bjhHpy; Kiwapy; cUthf;Fk;fiyiaf; iftpidf; fiy vd;gh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 2.3

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; : ehl;Lg;g[wf;

iftpidf; fiyfs;

www.Padasalai.Org

kz;ghz;lf; fiy

Flk; /njhz;o/fyak;/flk; /@o/cHf;F /mfy;/cz;oay; /mLg;g[/ bjhl;o; bghUl;fSk;

Rj;jkhd fspkz;zhy; bra;ag;gl;lit. gf;Ftg;gLj;jg;gl;l fspkz; /bky;ypa kzy;

rhk;gy; Mfpatw;iwf;fyj;jy; ? rf;fuj;jpd; eLnt itj;J cupa totk; ? E}y; my;yJ

Crpahy; mWj;J fhaitf;fj;jy; ? kz;ghz;lk; jahuhfptpLk; ?kz;ghz;l=;fspy;

czt[ clYf;F ey;yJ. jpUtpHh / rl=;FfspYk; kz;ghidfs; gad;gLj;jg;ghL.

gidnahiyf; fiy

gidnahiyapy; iftpidg; bghUl;fs; ? FHe;ijfSf;fhd

fpYfpYg;ig bghk;ikfs; /bghUs;fis itj;J bfhs;s

cjt[k; rpwpa bfhl;lhd; /bgupa Til /RsF /tprpwp /njhg;gp /

Xiyg;gha; /gid kl;il ehupypUe;J fapW/ fl;oy; / Til

@=;fpy; fiy:

@=;;fpy; iftpidg;

bghUl;fs; ? kl;lf; Til/

jl;Lf; Til /Til Kwk; /

Vzp/rJuj; jl;o/Tiuj;jl;o/

bjUTl;Lk; Jilg;gk; /

khLfSf;fhd @+;rpg;bgl;o

/ g[y;yh=;FHy; /g[l;Lf;FHha;

/fhy;eilfSf;F kUe;J

g[fl;Lk; FHha;/ bjhl;oy;/

gpuk;g[f; fiy

gpuk;g[ vd;gJ xU jhtuk;.

beUg;gpy; fhl;o NLgLj;Jjy;

?Nlhd gpuk;ig el;L

itj;jpUf;Fk; ,uz;L

ghiwfSf;F ,ilna brYj;jp

tisj;jy ? fk;gp nghy

tisa[k; ? jz;zPupy; eidj;J

itj;jhy; epiyj;J tpLk; ?

,izj;Jr; rpW Mzpfis

miwe;Jk;/rpW gpuk;g[

,iHfisf; bfhz;L fl;oa[k;;

njitahd bghUl;fshf

khw;w ntz;Lk;. gpuk;g[ kpft[k;

Fsph;r;rpahdJ .vdnt mjpy;

mkh;tJ cly;eyj;Jf;F ey;yJ

iftpiff;

fiyfs;

bjhFj;jy;

Ê kz;ghz;lf; fiy

¾ Flk;/njhz;o/fyak;/flk;/@o/cHf;F/mfy;/cz;oay;/

mLg;g[/ bjhl;o Mfpa midj;Jg; bghUl;fSk; Rj;jkhd

fspkz;zhy; bra;ag;gl;lit. gf;Ftg;gLj;jg;gl;l fspkz; /

bky;ypa kzy; rhk;gy; Mfpatw;iwf;fye;J vLj;Jf; bfhs;s

ntz;Lk;. rf;fuj;jpd; eLnt itj;J cupa totj;jhy; mijf;

bfhz;L tu ntz;Lk;. gpwF mog;gFjpapy; E}y; my;yJ

Crpahy; mWj;J vLj;J fhaitf;f ntz;Lk;. gpwF cupa

kz;ghz;lk; jahuhfptpLk;. kz;ghz;l=;fspy; rikj;j czt[

clYf;F ey;yJ. jpUtpHhf; fhy=;fspYk; rkar; rl=;FfspYk;

kz;ghidfs; ,d;Wtiu gad;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8 Ê @=;;fpy; fiy

¾ @=;;fpy; bfhz;L gy iftpidg; bghUl;fs;

bra;ag;gLfpd;wd. kl;lf; Til/ jl;Lf; Til/Til Kwk;/

Vzp/rJuj; jl;o/Tiuj;jl;o/ bjUTl;Lk; Jilg;gk;/

khLfSf;fhd @+;rpg;bgl;o/ g[y;yh=;FHy;/g[l;Lf;FHha;/

fhy;eilfSf;F kUe;J g[fl;Lk; FHha;/ bjhl;oy;/ ghil

Mfpait midj;Jk;@=;;fpyhy; bra;ag;gLk; bghUs;fs;

Ê gidnahiyf; fiy

¾ gidnahiyapy; gy iftpidg; bghUl;fs;

cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd.FHe;ijfSf;fhd fpYfpYg;ig

bghk;ikfs;/bghUs;fis itj;Jf;bfhs;s cjt[k; rpwpa

bfhl;lhd;/bgupa Til/RsF/tprpwp/njhg;gp/ Xiyg;gha;/

gid kl;il ehupypUe;J fapW/ fl;oy;/Til nghd;wit

bra;ag;gLfpd;wd.

Ê gpuk;g[f; fiy

¾ gpuk;g[ vd;gJ xU jhtuk;. Kjypy; gpuk;g[fis beUg;gpy; fhl;o

NLgLj;j ntz;Lk;.Nlhd gpuk;ig el;L itj;jpUf;Fk;

,uz;L ghiwfSf;F ,ilna brYj;jp tisf;f ntz;Lk;

.mJ ntz;oa totj;jpy; fk;gp nghy tisa[k;.gpd;dh;

mjid jz;zPupy; eidj;J itj;J tpl;lhy;/mg;gona

epiyj;J tpLk;.gpwF mtw;iw ,izj;Jr; rpW Mzpfis

miwe;Jk;/rpW gpuk;g[ ,iHfisf; bfhz;L fl;oa[k;;

njitahd bghUl;fshf khw;w ntz;Lk;. gpuk;g[ kpft[k;

Fsph;r;rpahdJ .vdnt mjpy; mkh;tJ cly;eyj;Jf;F ey;yJ .

tH=;Fjy;

¾ kdtiuglf; fUj;Jfis FGtpdpy; tH=;fp/

cs;sl=;fpaxl;L bkhj;j bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; iftpidf; fiyfisf;

www.Padasalai.Org

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ kz;ghz;lf; fiy Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

¾ iftpidf; fiyfs; rhh;e;j bghUl;fs; v=;bfy;yhk;

gad;gLj;Jfpd;nwhk;>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ kz;ghz;lk; bra;a[k; Kiw ahJ>

¾ gpuk;g[g; bghUl;fs; bra;a[k; Kiw ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ gidnahiyahy; bra;ag;gLk; bghUl;fs; ahit>

¾ @=;fpyhy; bra;ag;gLk; bghUl;fs; ahit>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ iftpidf;fiyg; bghUl;fs; gw;wp khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ gpw iftpidf;fiy Fwpj;j gpw bra;jpfis E}yfk;

gad;gLj;jp vGjp tur; brhy;.

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8 ¾ iftpidg; bghUl;fs; gad;ghL jiyg;gpy; ,U epkplk;

ngRjy;.

¾ VnjDk; xU iftpidg; bghUs; bra;J tUjy;.

kjpg;bgz; : 10 fhyk; : 15 epkplk;

m. rupahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf.

1. gHe;jkpH; ,yf;fpa=;fisg; ghJfhj;J itj;jit?????

m) fy;btl;Lf;fs; M) brg;ngLfs;

,) gidnahiyfs; <) kz;ghz;l=;fs;

2. ghid ?????????? xU rpwe;j fiyahFk;.

m) bra;jy; M)tidjy; ,) Kiljy; <)RLjy;

3. ~kl;Lky;y~ vDk; brhy;iyg; gpupj;J vGjf; fpilg;gJ???????/

m) kl;L =ky;y M) kl;Lk;= my;y

,) kl;L= my;y <) kl;Lk;= my;y

4. fapW = fl;by; vd;gjidr; nrh;j;J vGjf; fpilf;Fk; brhy; ???

m)fapw;Wf; fl;oy; M)fapWf;fl;oy;

,)fapWf;fl;oy; <)fapw;Wfl;oy;

M. gpd;tUk; brhw;fisr; brhw;bwhlupy; mikj;J vGJf (4)

5. KGtJk;

6. kl;Lky;yhky;

7. mHFf;fhf

8. Kd;bgy;yhk;

,. nfhol;l ,l=;fis epug;g[f. (2)

9. fyhk!; buhlh=;f; vd;Dk; jhtutpay; bgah;

bfhz;lJ?????????

10. jkpH;ehl;od; khepy kuk;?????????

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfs; gw;wpa bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfs; tphpthdj;ijf;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ ,irf;fUtpfs; glk;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ ,irf;F ka=;fhj caph;fs; ,y;iy. me;j ,dpa ,iriaj;

jUgit ,irf;fUtpfs; MFk;. njhy; fUtp/ euk;g[f;fUtp/

fhw;Wf;fUtp/ f+;rf;fUtp vd ehd;F tifg;gLk;.

thrpj;jy;

¾ jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfs; gw;wpa fiyf;fs+;rpag; gFjpfis

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 2.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfs;

www.Padasalai.Org

fUtpfs;

fhw;iwg; gad;gLj;jpr;

bra;ag;gLgit

fhw;Wf;fUtpfshFk;. FHy;/

r=;F/ Fk;g[ Mfpait

fhw;Wf; fUtpfshFk;.

euk;g[ my;yJ je;jpfisg;

gad;gLj;jp bra;ag;gLgit

euk;g[f;fUtpfs;.

ahH; / tPiz Mfpad

euk;g[f;fUtpfs; MFk;.

xd;nwhL xd;W nkhjp

,irf;fg;gLgit

f+;rf;fUtpfs;. rhyuh/

nrfz;o Mfpait

f+;rf;fUtpfs;.

tpy=;Ffspd; njhyhy;

@lg;gl;Lr; bra;ag;gLk;

fUtpfs; njhy; fUtpfs;

KHt[/ KuR Mfpad

njhy; fUtpfs;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ fhw;iwg; gad;gLj;jpr; bra;ag;gLgit fhw;Wf;fUtpfshFk;.

FHy;/ r=;F/ Fk;g[ Mfpait fhw;Wf; fUtpfshFk;.

¾ tpy=;Ffspd; njhyhy; @lg;gl;Lr; bra;ag;gLk; fUtpfs;

njhy; fUtpfs; MFk;. KHt[/ KuR Mfpad njhy; fUtpfs;.

¾ euk;g[ my;yJ je;jpfisg; gad;gLj;jp bra;ag;gLgit

euk;g[f;fUtpfs; MFk;.ahH;/ tPiz Mfpad euk;g[f;fUtpfs; MFk;.

¾ xd;nwhL xd;W nkhjp ,irf;fg;gLgit f+;rf;fUtpfs;

MFk;.rhyuh/ nrfz;o Mfpait f+;rf;fUtpfs;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

tYt{l;ly;;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL@yk; ghlj;ij

tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ,irf;fUtp tiff;Fr; rhd;Wfs; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ njhy;fUtpfs; vd;why; vd;d>rhd;W TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ fhw;Wf;fUtp vd;why; vd;d>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ ,irf;fUtpfs; tiffs; gw;wp khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W fiyf;fs+;rpak; gad;gLj;jp nkYk;

,irf;fUtpfs; gw;wpa TLjy; bra;jpfis vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ,irf;fUtp khjphp cUt=;fisr; bra;jy;.

¾ jkpHh; ,irf;fUtpfisg; gw;wpf; TWjy;.

www.Padasalai.Org

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : bjhif epiy/ bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fs;;

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : XbuGj;J xUbkhHp/ gFgjk;/ gfhg;gjk;

Mfpatw;iwf; FGthfg; goj;J/ mwpe;J

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ brhy;ypd; ntWbgah;fs; gjk;/ bkhHp/ fpstp MFk;. xU

vGj;nj jdpj;J epd;W bghUs; jUtJk; cz;L. gy brhw;fs;

bjhlh;e;J epd;W bghUs; jUtJ bjhlh; MFk;.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 2.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : bjhif epiy/

bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fs;;

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bjhif epiy /

bjhfh epiyj;

bjhlh;fs;

,U brhw;fSf;F ,ilapy;

ntw;Wik cUg[fnsh /

tpid / gz;g[ Kjypa

cUg[fnsh kiwe;J tUjy;

bjhifepiyj;bjhlh;

xU bjhlupy; ,U brhw;fs;

te;J mtw;wpd; ,ilapy;

brhy;YUg[ kiwahky; epd;W

bghUs; czh;j;;jpdhy; /

bjhfhepiyj;bjhlh;

bjhfhepiyj;bjhlh; 9

tifg;gLk;. vGtha;j;bjhlh;/

tpspj;bjhlh;/ tpidKw;Wj;

bjhlh;/bgabur;rj; bjhlh;/

tpidbar;rj; bjhlh; /

ntw;Wikj; bjhfhepiyj;

bjhlh;/ ,ilr;brhy;

bjhlh;/ cupr;brhy; bjhlh;/

mLf;Fj;bjhlh;.

bjhifepiyj; bjhlh;fs;

MW tifg;gLk;.

ntw;Wik/ tpid/

gz;g[/ctik/ ck;ik /

md;bkhHp.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ ,U brhw;fSf;F ,ilapy; ntw;Wik cUg[fnsh/

tpid/ gz;g[ Kjypatw;wpd; cUg[fnsh kiwe;J tUtJ

bjhifepiyj;bjhlh; vdg;gLk;.bjhifepiyj; bjhlh;fs;

MW tifg;gLk;.mitahtd : ntw;Wikj;bjhif/

tpidj;bjhif/ gz;g[j;bjhif/ctikj;bjhif/

ck;ikj;bjhif/md;bkhHpj;bjhif.

¾ xU bjhlupy; ,U brhw;fs; te;J mtw;wpd; ,ilapy;

brhy;YUg[ kiwahky; epd;W bghUs; czh;j;;jpdhy; mjid

bjhfhepiyj;bjhlh; vd;gh;. bjhfhepiyj;bjhlh; xd;gJ

tifg;gLk;. vGtha;j;bjhlh;/ tpspj;bjhlh;/tpidKw;Wj;

bjhlh;/bgabur;rj; bjhlh;/ tpidbar;rj; bjhlh;/ntw;Wikj;

bjhfhepiyj; bjhlh;/ ,ilr;brhy; bjhlh;/ cupr;brhy; bjhlh;/

mLf;Fj;bjhlh;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdp @yk; tpiut[f; FwpaPl;L fhbzhypfisf; fhl;o/

ghlj;ij tYt{l;Ljy;.

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ,ut[ gfy; vd;gJ vt;tifj; bjhlh; tpsf;Ff.

¾ vz;Qk;ik Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ tpidj;bjhif vd;why; vd;d>

¾ chpr;brhy; bjhlUf;Fr; rhd;W jUf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ bjhif epiyj;bjhlh;; vj;jid tifg;gLk;>mit ahit>

¾ mLf;Fj;bjhlUf;Fr; rhd;W TWf.

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ bjhif epiy/ bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fs; Mfpatw;iw

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ bjhif epiy/ bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fs; tifg; gl;oaiyr;

rhd;Wld; vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ bjhif epiy/ bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fspd; tiffisr; brhy;

khiyahf cUthf;fp tUjy;.

¾ bjhif epiy/ bjhfh epiyj; bjhlh;fSf;Fr;; rhd;Wfs;

Twr;bra;jy;.

m. rupahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf. (3)

1. brhw;fSf;F ,ilna ntw;Wik cUg[ kiwe;J tUtJ ?????

m. ntw;Wikj; bjhif M.ck;ikj; bjhif

,. ck;ikj; bjhif <.md;bkhHpj; bjhif

2. ~brk;kuk; ~vd;Dk; brhy; ????? bjhif.

m. tpid M.gz;g[ ,.md;bkhHp <.ck;ik

3. ~fz;zh th~ vd;gJ???????j; bjhlh;.

m. vGtha; M.tpsp ,.tpidKw;W <. ntw;Wik

M. bghUj;Jf. (5)

4. bgabur;rj;bjhlh; ? fhh;FHyp goj;jhs;.

5. tpidbar;rj; bjhlh; ? g[ytnu tUf.

6. tpidKw;Wj; bjhlh; ? ghoKoj;jhd;.

7. vGtha;j; bjhlh; ? vGjpa ghly;.

8. tpspj;bjhlh; ? btd;whd; nrhHd;.

,. rhd;W jUf. (2)

9. ctikj;bjhif ?

10. mLf;Fj; bjhlh; ?

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : tpUe;njhk;gy;/ fs;shik/ Cf;fKilik/

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ jpUf;Fws;? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;;

Üô° 2.6

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

thH;tpay; : jpUf;Fws;? jpUts;Sth;

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jpUf;Fws;

rpe;jidfs;

brayhw;Wk; jpwDilath;/ bra;antz;oa

bray;/ fhyj;ija[k; Muha;e;J/ mr;braiy

epiwntw;w. ,e;jr; braiy ,e;j tifahy;

,th; bra;J Kog;ghh; vd;W Muha;e;J/

mr;braiy mtuplk; xg;gilf;f.

xUth; bra;j Fw;wj;ij

Kiwahf Muha;e;J/ mth;

kPz;Lk; Fw;wk; bra;ahjthW

jz;og;gJ. murd; jz;of;Fk;

KiwahFk;.

nfshjtiuf;

nfl;fj; J}z;Lk;

rpwe;j brhy;yhlyhy;

mitapd; jFjpawpe;J

ngRjy; ntz;Lk;;

brhw;fis Muha[k;

mwpt[[k; epiwe;j

mitapy; ngR

vija[k; ed;F

Muha;e;J/ xUgf;fk;

rhahJ eLt[ epiyapy;

epd;W elj;Jnj rpwe;j Ml;rp

MFk;. cyfj;J caph;fis

vy;yhk; fhg;ghw;wpgth; murh;

Mthh;. Fw;wkw;w Ml;rpna

muridf; fhg;ghw;Wk;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ brayhw;Wk; jpwDilatiua[k;/bra;antz;oa braiya[k;/

bra;tjw;Fupa fhyj;ija[k; Muha;e;J/ mr;braiy epiwntw;w

ntz;Lk;. ,e;jr; braiy ,e;j tifahy; ,th; bra;J

Kog;ghh; vd;W Muha;e;J/ mr;braiy mtuplk; xg;gilf;f

ntz;Lk;.vija[k; ed;F Muha;e;J/ xUgf;fk; rhahJ eLt[

epiyapy; epd;W elj;Jtnj rpwe;j Ml;rp MFk;. cyfj;J

caph;fis vy;yhk; fhg;ghw;wpgth; murh; Mthh;. Fw;wkw;w

Ml;rpna muridf; fhg;ghw;Wk;.xUth; bra;j Fw;wj;ij

Kiwahf Muha;e;J/ mth; kPz;Lk; Fw;wk; bra;ahjthW

jz;og;gJ. murd; jz;of;Fk; KiwahFk.; ,Jnt murdpd;

flikahFk;.nfl;gtiu j; jd; tag;gLj;JtJ nfshjtiuf;

nfl;fj; J}z;Lk; rpwe;j brhy;yhlypd; ,ay;g[ MFk;.brhy;

tsKk; ew;gz;g[k; cilath;fs; jhk; ngRk; mitapd;

jFjpawpe;J ngRjy; ntz;Lk;.brhw;fis Muha[k; mwpt[[k;

epiwe;j mitapy; ngRk;nghJjhd; gy E}y;fisf; fw;wtupd;

fy;tp bgUik mila[k;.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

¾ ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLk; bjhpe;J tpidahly;; gz;g[fisf; TWf.

¾ brhy;yhly; rpwg;ig ts;Sth; tHp tpsf;Ff.

¾ mitawpe;J ngRtJ vt;thW>

¾ muriuf; fhg;ghw;WtJ vJ>

¾ muridf; fhg;ghw;WtJ vJ>

¾ murd; jz;of;Fk; Kiw ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ Fwl;ghf;fs;; tHp xGf;f bewpfis khzth;fs; mwpe;J

bfhz;ldh;.

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bjhlh;gzp

1. muriu mtuJ ?????????? fhg;ghw;Wk;.

m) br=;nfhy; M) btz;bfhw;wf;Fil

,) Fw;wkw;w Ml;rp <) giltypik

2. brhy; tsKk; ew;gz;g[k; cilath;fs; jhk; ngRk;?????? jFjp

mwpe;J ngrntz;Lk;.

m) brhy;ypd; M) mitapd;

,) bghUspd; <) ghlypd;

3. fz;nzhlhJ vd;Dk; brhy;iy gpupj;J vGjf;fpilg;gJ ?????

m) fz; + XlhJ M) fz; + nzhlhJ

,) f + XlhJ <) fz;nzh + MlhJ

4. frlw vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gpupj;J vGj fpilg;gJ??????

m) frlu M) frlw.

,) frL mw <) frL mw

5. vd;W + Ma;e;J vd;gjid r; nrh;j;J vGjf; fpilf;Fk; brhy;

m) vd;wha;e;J M) vd;W Ma;e;J

,) vd;wa;e;J <) vd; Ie;J

M. bghUs; TWf. (5)

6. eho ?

7. ,iw ?

8. tpidahly ;?

9. xWg;gJ ?

10. fLfp ?

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Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : cHt[j;bjhHpy; gw;wp tpsf;Ftjhy;/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ fhl;rpg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ Mrphpah; bgah; mwpaKoahj E}y;fSs; xd;W jf#h; ahj;jpiu.

,e;E}y; KGikahff; fpilf;ftpy;iy. rpy ghly;fs;

g[wj;jpul;L vd;Dk; bjhFg;g[ E}ypy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;sd.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

Üô° 3.1

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH : tsk;

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cHt[j;bjhHpy;

nrudpd; ehL ? kiHePuhy; tUtha;

rpwe;J tps=;fy; ? tpijfs; Fiwtpd;wp

Kis tpLfpd;wd. Kisj;j tpijfs;

brHpf;f kiH bghHpfpd;wJ.

gaph;fs; thl;lk;

,d;wp fpisj;J tsh;jy; ? brHpj;j

gaph;fs; ghy; Kw;wp fjph;fis

bgWjy; ?; mWtil bgw;W ? Vhpdhy;

tsk; rpwf;Fk; bry;th;fspd; fsj;jpy;

te;J epiw ?bew;nghh; fhty; ,d;wp

tps=;Fjy;

bew;nghh; fhty;

,d;wp tps=;Fjy; ? cHth;fs;

vGg;g[k; Muthu xypahy; ehiu

,d=;fs; m+;rp jk; bgz;

gwitfnshL gpupe;J bry;Yk; ?nru

kd;dupd; ehL g[J tUtha[ld;

rpwe;J tps=;Ffpd;wJ.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ nrudpd; ehl;oy; bgUfpa kiHePuhy; tUtha; rpwe;J

tps=;FfpwJ. mfykhd epyg;gFjpapy; tpijfs; Fiwtpd;wp

Kis tpLfpd;wd. Kisj;j tpijfs; brHpg;g[ld; tsu

jl;Lg;ghod;wp kiH bghHpfpd;wJ. jFe;j fhyj;jpy; kiH

bghHptjhy; gaph;fs; thl;lk; ,d;wp fpisj;J tsh;fpwJ . brHpj;j

gaph;fs; ghy; Kw;wp fjph;fis bgw;wpUf;fpd;wd .mf;fjph;fs;

mWtil bra;ag; bgw;W Vhpdhy; tsk; rpwf;Fk; bry;th;fspd;

fsj;jpy; te;J epiwf.bew;nghh; fhty; ,d;wp tps=;Ffpd;wJ.

nghupid moj;J bey;ypidf; bfhs;Sk; fhyj;jpy; cHth;fs;

vGg;g[k; Muthu xypahy; ehiu ,d=;fs; m+;rp jk; bgz;

gwitfnshL gpupe;J bry;Yk; rpwg;g[ila nru kd;dupd;

mfd;w bgupa ehL g[J tUtha[ld; rpwe;J tps=;Ffpd;wJ.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ cHt[j;bjhHpy; rpwf;f ,d;wpaikahjd ahit>

¾ jf#h; ahj;jpiu Fwpj;Jf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ ehiu gphpaf; fhuzk; ahJ>

¾ tpijfs; brHpg;g[ld; tsuf; fhuzk; ahJ>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ cHth;fs; vg;nghJ Muthu xyp vGg;g[th;>

¾ jf#hpd; ,d;iwa bgah; ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

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fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ jf#h; ahj;jpiu ghly; tHp cHt[j;bjhHpy; gw;wp khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ kUj epyg; bghUl;fs; gw;wp vGjptur;brhy;yy;.

¾ ghly; bghUspidf; Twr; bra;jy;

¾ cdf;Fg; gpoj;j bjhHpy; xd;wpidg; gw;wpg; ngRf.

fhyk; : 15epkplk; kjpg;bgz; :10

m) bghUs; TWf. (2)

1.thhp ?

2.itFf?

3.ahzh;?

M)gphpj;bjGJf (2)

4.mf;fsj;J ?

5.bgUePh;?

,) nrh;j;bjGJf (2)

6.fjph; + <d

7. nghh; + vy;yhk

8.jf#h; vd;gJ jw;nghJ???????????

9.jf#h; ahj;jpiu TWk; kd;dh; ehL??????.

10.Xij vd;gjd; bghUs;???????.

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Üô° 3.2

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ftpijg; ngiH :

kiHr;nrhW

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : kiHapd;ikahy; neUk; ,d;dy;fis

kl;Lk; tpsf;Ftjhy;/ jdpj;jtifiar;

rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ gHe;jkpHh; tHpghl;L kug[fs; ? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ kiHapd;ikahy; gaph;fSk; kf;fSk; Jd;gk; milfpd;wdh;.

kiHia ntz;o kiHr;nrhW cz;fpd;wdh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

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kiHr;nrhW

thspapy; fiuj;j

khthy; thrypy; nfhyk; ? fiuf;f kiH

tutpy;iy. ghidapy; khit fiuj;J

ghij vy;yhk; nfhyk; fiua kiH

tutpy;iy.

fy; ,y;yhj

fhl;oy; fliyr; bro

el;L ?kiH bga;atpy;iy.

,y;yhj fhl;oy; KU=;ifr; bro

el;L ? kiH tutpy;iy. fUnty=;fhL

kiHapy;yhky; fUntyk; g{f;ftpy;iy.

kiH ,y;yhjjhy; fhl;L ky;ypifa[k;

g{f;ftpy;iy.

kiHr; nrhW vLj;jgpd;/ nga;

kiHahf Crp nghy fhy; ,w=;fp

cyfbky;yhk; bga;fpwJ rpl;Lg;

nghy kpd;dp kpd;dp Cbu=;Fk;

bga;fpwJ.Cbu=;Fk; bga;j kiH/

bry;y kiH bga;fpwJ.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ thspapy; fiuj;j khthy; thrypy; nfhyk; nghl;lhs;. ,e;jf;

nfhyj;ij fiuf;f kiH tutpy;iy. ghidapy; khit fiuj;J

ghij vy;yhk; nfhyk; nghl;lhYk;/ me;jf; nfhyk; fiua kiH

tutpy;iy.

¾ fy; ,y;yhj fhl;oy; fliyr; bro el;L tsh;j;jhh;fs;. mjw;F

kiH bga;atpy;iy. ,y;yhj fhl;oy; KU=;ifr; bro el;L

tsh;j;jhh;fs;. mjw;Fk; kiH tutpy;iy. fUnty=;fhL

kiHapy;yhky; fUntyk; g{f;ftpy;iy. kiH ,y;yhjjhy;

fhl;L ky;ypifa[k; g{f;ftpy;iy.

¾ kiHr; nrhW vLj;jgpd;/ nga; kiHahf Crp nghy fhy; ,w=;fp

cyfbky;yhk; bga;fpwJ rpl;Lg; nghy kpd;dp kpd;dp Cbu=;Fk;

bga;fpwJ.Cbu=;Fk; bga;j kiH/ bry;y kiH bga;fpwJ.

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tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ kiHapd;ikf;Ff; fhuzk; ahJ>

¾ kiHr;nrhW vLj;j gpd; vt;thW kiH bga;jJ>

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ kiHapd;ikahy; brofs; thoa epiyia tpsf;Ff.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ kf;fs; Ciu tpl;L btspnawf; fhuzk; ahJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ kiHapd;ikahy; kf;fs;gLk; Jd;g=;fis khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;. kiHapd;ikahy; kf;fs;gLk; Jd;g=;fis

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bjhlh;gzp

¾ kiH bjhlh;ghd ; ghly; rpytw;iw E}yfk; gad;gLj;jp

vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

¾ ghly; fhl;rpfisg; glk; tiue;J tUjy;.

m. bghUs; TWf.(4)

1. ghij ?

2. fdj;j ?

3. bgz;Lfns ?

4. rPik ?

M. rupahd tpiliaj; njh;e;bjLj;J vGJf. (6)

4) fdj;j kiH vd;Dk; brhy;ypd; bghUs;

m) bgUkiH M)rpW kiH

,) vil kpFe;j kiH <) vil Fiwe;j kiH

5) thrbyy;yhk; vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gpupj;J vGjf; fpilg;gJ ????

m)thry; + vy;yhk; M)thry; + vyhk;

,)thrk; + vy;yhk; <)thR + vy;yhk;

6) fhy; + ,w=;fp vd;gjid nrh;j;J vGj fpilf;Fk; brhy;?????

m) fhy;ypw=;fp M) fhypw=;fp ,) fhy; ,wf;fp <) fhy;w=;;fp

7) xU ehl;od; tsj;jpw;F mog;gilahf tps=;FtJ?????

m) kiH M) czt[ ,) cil <) gzk;

8) fy; ,y;yh fhl;oy; ????bro nghl;ldh;.

m) KU=;ifr; bro M) fliyr; bro

,) fUnty kuk; <) fhl;Lky;yp

9) Ks;spy;yh fhl;oy;???????bro nghl;ldh;.

m) KU=;ifr; bro M) fliyr; bro

,) fUnty kuk; <) fhl;Lky;yp

10) tdthrk; brd;W tpLnthk; vd;W Twpath;???????

m) g[yth; M) Fwth; ,) cHth; <) kwth;

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Üô° 3.3

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

ciueil cyfk; :

bfh=;Fehl;L tzpfk;

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : bfh=;Fehl;L tzpfk;; gw;wpa gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ jpiu fly; Xoa[k; jputpak; njL vd;gJ gHbkhHp. gHe;jkpHh;

tzpfj;jpy; kpfr;rpwe;jth;fshf ,Ue;jdh;. mth;fs; kiy/

fly;/fhL vd gytw;Wld; cwthodh;.

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ ikaf;fUj;ij mwpjy;;

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bfh=;F ehl;L

tzpfk;

nruehl;oy; cs;shl;L tzpfk;

tsh;r;rp.kf;fs; jj;jk; bghUs;fisj;

je;J jkf;Fj; njitahd bghUisg;

bgw;wdh;.bey;ypd; tpiyiaf; fzf;fpl

mog;gilahf ,Ue;jJ vd;gh;. cg;g[k;

bey;Yk; xnu kjpg;g[iladthf

,Ue;jd vd;gij mfehD}w;wpd; 390

ghly; @yk; mwpayhk;.

@nte;jh;fspy;

gHikahdth;fs; nru;fs;.

nruh;fspd; ehL FlehL

vdg;gl;lJ. jiyefuk; t+;rp.

bjhz;il/ Krpwp/fhe;jSh;;

JiwKfg;gl;od=;fshf

tps=;fpd. nruHh;fspd; bfho

tpw;bfho .

ePyfphp/

nfhaKj;J}h;/

jpz;Lf;fy;/

<nuhL/ jpUg;g{h;/

ehkf;fy;/ nryk;/

fqh; Mfpad

bfh=;Fehl;Lg;

gFjpfs;

Krpwp nruh;fspd; rpwe;j

JiwKfk;. kpsF/ Kj;J/

ahid/ je;j=;fs;/ kzp

nghd;wit Vw;Wkjp.

bghd;kzpkpf;f g[litfs;

rpj;jpu ntiyg;ghLfs;

mike;j Milfs;/

gtsk;/ brk;g[/ nfhJik

Mfpad ,wf;Fkjp .

bjhFj;jy;

nruh;fs;

¾ @nte;jh;fspy; gHikahdth;fs; nru;fs;. nruh;fspd; ehL

FlehL vdg;gl;lJ. nruh;fspd; jiyefuk; t+;rp. bjhz;il/

Krpwp/fhe;jSh; Mfpad nruehl;od; JiwKfg;gl;od=;fshf

tps=;fpd. nruHh;fspd; bfho tpw;bfho MFk;.

cs;ehl;L tzpfk;

¾ nruehl;oy; cs;shl;L tzpfKk; ed;F tsh;r;rpa[w;W ,Ue;jJ.

kf;fs; jj;jk; bghUs;fisj; je;J jkf;Fj; njitahd

bghUisg; bgw;wdh;.bey;ypd; tpiyiaf; fzf;fpl

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8mog;gilahf ,Ue;jJ vd;gh;. cg;g[k; bey;Yk; xnu

kjpg;g[iladthf ,Ue;jd vd;gij mfehD}w;wpd; 390 ghly;

@yk; mwpayhk;.

btspehl;L tzpfk;

¾ Krpwp nruh;fspd; rpwe;j JiwKf=;fspy; xd;whf tps=;fpaJ.

,=;fpUe;Jjhd; kw;w ehLfSf;F kpsF/ Kj;J/ ahid/ je;j=;fs;/

kzp nghd;wit Vw;Wkjp bra;ag;gl;ld.bghd;kzpkpf;f

g[litfs; rpj;jpu ntiyg;ghLfs; mike;j Milfs;/ gtsk;/

brk;g[/ nfhJik Mfpad ,wf;Fkjp bra;ag;gl;ld.

bfh=;Fehl;Lg; gFjpfs;:

¾ ePyfphp/ nfhaKj;J}h;/jpz;Lf;fy;/<nuhL/ jpUg;g{h;/ ehkf;fy;/

nryk;/fqh; Mfpad bfh=;Fehl;Lg; gFjpfs; MFk;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f;FwpaPL@yk; Xtpaj;jpd;;; rpwg;g[fisf;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ nruh;fs; gw;wpa bra;jpfisf; TWf.

¾ fqh; khtl;lk; gw;wpa bra;jpfisf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ bfh=;F ehl;od; vy;iyfs; ahit>

¾ nryk; khtl;lk; gw;wpa bra;jpfisf; TWf.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ kh=;fdp efuk; vJ>

¾ @nte;jh; ahth;>

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FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ gz;ilj; bfh=;F ehl;Lj; jkpHhpd; tzpfj;ij khzth;fs;

mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

¾ c=;fs; gFjpapy; eilbgWk; re;ijf;Fr; brd;W m=;F

eilbgWk; tzpfk; Fwpj;J vGjptur; brhy;yy;.

xU brhy;ypy; tpilaspf;f. 10)

1. Kj;Jefuk; vJ>

2. Fl;o $g;ghd; vJ>

3. J}=;fh efuk; vJ>

4. jPg efuk; vJ>

5. kh=;fdp efuk; vJ>

6. fpnuf;f mwp+h; bgah; ahJ>

7. gpd;dyhil efuk; ahJ>

8. k+;rs; efuk; vJ>

9. jkpH;ehl;od; \hye;J vJ>

10. ViHfspd; Cl;o vJ>

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Üô° 3.4

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

tphpthdk; : fhyk; cld;

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : berthsh;fspd; thH;f;if gw;wpa gy;ntW

tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : fhyk; cld; tUk; tphpthdg; gFjpiaf;

FGthf; fw;wy;.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ cHt[k; bert[k; jkpHnuhL gpize;jit. cHt[ kf;fspd;

grpiag; nghf;Ffpd;wJ. bert[ kf;fspd; khdk; nghf;Ffpd;wJ.

thrpj;jy;

¾ fhyk; cld; tUk; tphpthdk; gFjpia Mrphpah; thrpj;Jf; fhl;l

khzhf;fh;fs; jdpj; jdpna thrpj;jy; nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

¾ ikaf;fUj;ij mwpjy;;

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fhyk; cld; tUk;

mte;jpfh epWtdj;Jf;F bts;snfhapy;

jpnd&; blf;!; Jzp mDg;gntz;Lk;.

Rg;gpukzpapd; berthiyapy; ght[

gpizf;Fk; Ms; tpLg;g[?xU jwp jhd;

Xof;bfhz;Ls;sJ.

Rg;gpukzp ez;gd;

uFtplk; ght[ gpizf;f cjtp

nfl;ly;? khaHF kidtp

xr;rk;kh ght[ gpizg;ghs;.

,ut[ tUthh;fsh vd;W

bjhpatpy;iy.

khaHFtplk; cjtp/

kidtp xr;rk;khitf;

iff;FHe;ija[ld; mDg;g[jy;.

iff;FHe;ija[ld; ght[

gpizj;jy; ? ntiy

Koe;jJk; Rg;gpukzp ,ul;ilr;

rk;gsj;Jld; tPl;oy;

bfhz;L tply;.

bjhFj;jy;

¾ mte;jpfh epWtdj;Jf;F bts;snfhapy; jpnd&; blf;!;

Jzp mDg;gntz;Lk;. Rg;gpukzpapd; berthiyapy;

ght[ gpizf;Fk; Ms; tpLg;gpy; brd;Wtpl;lhd;. xU jwp

jhd; Xof;bfhz;Ls;sJ. Rg;gpukzp ez;gd; uFtplk;

ght[ gpizf;f mtruhkhf Ms; ntz;Lk; vd;fpwhd;. mJ

,ut[ neuk; . khaHF kidtp xr;rk;kh ght[ gpizg;ghs;

vd;whh; uF. ,ut[ tUthh;fsh vd;W bjhpatpy;iy vd;whd;.

khaHFtplk; cjtp/ nfl;f mtDk; jd; kidtp xr;rk;khitf;

iff;FHe;ija[ld; mDg;g[fpd;whd;.iff;FHe;ija[ld;

ght[ gpizf;fpwhs;. ntiy Koe;jJk; Rg;gpukzp ,ul;ilr;

rk;gsj;Jld; tPl;oy; bfhz;L te;J tpLfpd;whd;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

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kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ berthsh;fspd; ,d;iwa epiyiaf; TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ Rg;gpukzp ahh;>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ fhyk; cld; tUk; fij vijg; gw;wpaJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ bert[j; bjhHpy; ,lh;g;ghLfisg; gw;wpa bra;jpfis

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W jkpHfj;jpy; cs;s bert[j;bjhHpy;

rpwg;gplk; xd;W gw;wpf; fl;Liu vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ bert[j;bjhHpy; gw;wpg; ngRjy;.

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

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Üô° 3.5

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

fw;fz;L : g[zh;r;rp

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : g[zh;r;rp gw;wpa gy;ntW bra;jpfis

Ê fw;Fk; Kiw : g[zh;r;rp fUj;Jfisf; FGthfg; goj;J/

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ tiuglk;

¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;

¾ bghUj;jl;il

¾ ed;D}y;

ghl mwpKfk;

¾ ,U brhw;fs; ,iztJ g[zh;r;rp MFk;. mjhtJ

epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; ,iztJ g[zh;r;rp MFk;.

thrpj;jy;

nkw;bfhs;Sjy;.

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhHpw;bgah;

epiybkhHpa[k;

tUbkhHpa[k; vt;tpj khw;wKk;

,d;wp ,iztJ ,ay;g[ g[zh;r;rp .

epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; ,iza[k;

nghJ epiy bkhHpapnyh my;yJ

tUk; bkhHpapnyh my;yJ

,uz;Lnkh khw;wk; epfH;tJ

tpfhug; g[zh;r;rp .

tpfhug; g[zh;r;rp @d;W tifg;gLk;.

njhd;wy;/ jpupjy;/ bfLjy;

epiybkhHpapd; ,Wjpapy; vGj;J caph;

vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ capuPw;Wg;

g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;.

epiybkhHpapd;

,Wjpapy; vGj;J bka; vGj;jhf

,Ue;jhy; mJ bka;aPw;Wg; g[zh;r;rp .

tUbkhHpapd; Kjy; vGj;J caph;

vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ caph;Kjy;

g[zh;r;rp .

bjhFj;jy;

¾ epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; vt;tpj khw;wKk; ,d;wp

,iztJ ,ay;g[ g[zh;r;rp MFk; .

¾ epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; ,iza[k; nghJ epiy

bkhHpapnyh my;yJ tUk; bkhHpapnyh my;yJ ,uz;Lnkh

khw;wk; epfH;tJ tpfhug; g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;tpfhug;

g[zh;r;rp @d;W tifg;gLk; .njhd;wy;/jpupjy;/bfLjy;

.epiybkhHpapd; ,Wjpapy; vGj;J caph; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy;

mJ capuPw;Wg; g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;.epiybkhHpapd; ,Wjpapy;

vGj;J bka; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ bka;aPw;Wg; g[zh;r;rp

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gUtk; 2 3 in 1 GANGA îI›8vdg;gLk;tUbkhHpapd; Kjy; vGj;J caph; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy;

mJ caph;Kjy; g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ kuf;fl;oy; ? gphpj;Jg; g[zh;r;rp tpjp TWf.

Ê eLj;ju rpe;jid tpdh (MOT) ¾ tpfhug;g[zh;r;rp vd;why; vd;d>

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ fhyk; cld; tUk; fij vijg; gw;wpaJ>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

¾ g[zh;r;rp tiffis khzth;fs; mwpe;J bfhz;ldh;.

www.Padasalai.Org

bjhlh;gzp

¾ E}yfj;jpw;Fr; brd;W jkpHfj;jpy; cs;s bert[j;bjhHpy;

rpwg;gplk; xd;W gw;wpf; fl;Liu vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.

¾ tpfhug; g[zh;r;rp rhd;Wfisr; brhy; khiyahf cUthf;fp

tUjy;.

m. nfhol;l ,lj;ij epug;g[f. (7)

1. tpfhug; g[zh;r;rp ???tifg;gLk;.

2. ghyhil ,r;brhy;Yf;Fhpa g[zh;r;rp ????

3. epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; vt;tpj khw;wKk; ,d;wp ,iztJ

????? g[zh;r;rp MFk; .

4. epiybkhHpa[k; tUbkhHpa[k; ,iza[k; nghJ epiy bkhHpapnyh

my;yJ tUk; bkhHpapnyh my;yJ ,uz;Lnkh khw;wk; epfH;tJ

??????? g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;.

5. epiybkhHpapd; ,Wjpapy; vGj;J caph; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ

6. epiybkhHpapd; ,Wjpapy; vGj;J bka; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ

7. tUbkhHpapd; Kjy; vGj;J caph; vGj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ ??????

g[zh;r;rp vdg;gLk;.

M. g[zh;r;rp tif TWf. (3)

8. bghd;Dz;L ?

9. bghw;rpiy ?

10. rpiyaHF ?

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Üô° 3.6

ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnaL

thH;tpay; : jpUf;Fws;? jpUts;Sth;

Ê ghlj;jpd; jd;ik : bjhpe;J tpidahly;/ br=;nfhd;ik/

btUte;j bra;ahik/ brhy;td;ik/

mitawpjy; Mfpa mjpfhu Fwl;ghf;fis

tpsf;Ftjhy; ikrpe;Jk; tifiar; rhh;e;jJ.

Jizf; fUtpfs;

¾ jpUf;Fws;? E}y;

¾ tpsf;fg;glk;

¾ xypbgUf;fp

¾ kof;fzpdp

ghl mwpKfk;

thrpj;jy;

fw;;wy; jpwd;fs;

www.Padasalai.Org

;kdtiuglk;

Jd;gk; te;j nghJ tUe;jpf; fy=;fhjtu;/

me;jj; Jd;gj;jpw;nf Jd;gk; cz;lhf;fp

mjid btd;W tpLtu;.

fw;f ntz;oatw;iwg;

gpiH ,y;yhky; fw;f ntz;Lk;.

fw;wgpd; fw;w tHpapy; elf;f

ntz;Lk;. vz;Qk; vGj;Jk;

thGk; kf;fSf;Ff; fz;fs;

nghd;wit.

bra;aj;jfhj bray;fisr; bra;tjhYk;

bra;aj;jf;f bray;fisr; bra;ahky;

tpLtjhYk; jPik cz;lhFk;.

ehk; xUtUila gz;ig mwpe;J mtUf;F

ed;ik bra;a ntz;Lk;. ,y;yhtpl;lhy;

ed;ik bra;jhYk; jPik te;J nrUk;.

jpUf;Fws;

rpe;jidfs;

bjhFj;jy;

¾ ehk; xUtUila gz;ig mwpe;J mtUf;F ed;ik bra;a

ntz;Lk;. ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ed;ik bra;jhYk; jPik te;J

nrUk;.bra;aj;jfhj bray;fisr; bra;tjhYk; bra;aj;jf;f

bray;fisr; bra;ahky; tpLtjhYk; jPik cz;lhFk;.Jd;gk;

te;j nghJ tUe;jpf; fy=;fhjtu;/me;jj; Jd;gj;jpw;nf Jd;gk;

cz;lhf;fp mjid btd;W tpLtu;.fw;f ntz;oatw;iwg;

gpiH ,y;yhky; fw;f ntz;Lk;. fw;wgpd; fw;w tHpapy; elf;f

ntz;Lk;.vz;Qk; vGj;Jk; thGk; kf;fSf;Ff; fz;fs;

nghd;wit.

tH=;Fjy;

bjhFj;jy; bra;jy;.

tYt{l;ly;

¾ kof;fzpdpapy; tpiut[f; FwpaPL @yk; Xtpaj;jpd;;;

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kjpg;gPL

Ê cah;rpe;jid tpdh (HOT) ¾ ts;Sth; Fwpg;gpLk; bjhpe;J bray;tifg; gz;g[fis vGJf.

¾ fy;tpr; rpwg;ig ts;Sth; tHp tpsf;Ff.

Ê vspa rpe;jid tpdh (LOT) ¾ vJ jPik>

FiwjPh; fw;wy;

vGJjy;

fw;;wy; tpist[fs;

bfhz;ldh;.

bjhlh;gzp

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gUtk; 23 in 1 GANGA îI›8 ¾ ghlg; gFjpapy; ,lk;bgw;Ws;s mjpfhuj;jpd; VnjDk; xU

1. ????????? jPik cz;lhf;Fk;.

m) bra;aj; jFe;j bray;fisr; bra;tjhy;

M) bra;aj; jfhj bray;fisr; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

,) bra;aj; jFe;j bray;fisr; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

<) vJt[k; bra;ahky; ,Ug;gjhy;

2. jd; Foiar; rpwe;j Foahfr; bra;a tpUk;g[thplk; ??????

,Uf;ff; TlhJ.

m) nrhk;gy; M) RWRWg;g[ ,) VH;ik <) bry;tk;

3. ̀vGj;bjd;g~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf;

fpilg;gJ?????????

m) vGj;J + bjd;g M) vGj;J + vd;g

,) vGj;J +,d;g <) vGj; + bjd;g

4. ̀fiue;Jz;Qk;~ vd;Dk; brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGjf;

fpilg;gJ?????????

m) fiue;J + ,d;Dk; M) fiu + Jz;Qk;

,) fiue;J + cz;Qk; <) fiu + cz;Qk;

5. fw;widj;J + CWk; vd;gjidr; nrh;j;bjGjf; fpilg;gJ???

m) fw;widj;J}Wk; M) fw;widJ}Wk;

,) fw;widj;jPUk; <) fw;widj;njhWk;

M. bghUj;Jf. (5)

1. fw;Fk; Kiw ? bray;

2. caph;f;Ff; fz;fs; ? fhfk;

3. tpGr;bry;tk; ? gpiHapy;yhky; fw;wy;

4. vz;zpj; Jzpf ? vz;Qk; vGj;Jk;

5. futh fiue;Jz;Qk; ? fy;tp

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jiyg;gpw;F fPNo cs;s ypq;if fpspf; nra;J FOtpy; ,izaTk;! )...ii Account Name : SURYA PUBLICATIONS...

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