Jeopardy genetics

1

2

Gregor MendelGregor Mendel

3

VocabularyVocabulary

4

Garden PeasGarden Peas

5

Genetic CrossesGenetic Crosses

6

Mendel’s LawsMendel’s Laws

7

DominanceDominance

8

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

GregorMendel Vocabulary

Garden Peas

GeneticCrosses

Mendel’sLaws

Dominance

9

Took courses in this Took courses in this subject at the University subject at the University

of Vienna that later of Vienna that later helped him with his helped him with his

genetic studiesgenetic studies

10

What is mathematics What is mathematics or statistics?or statistics?

11

Mendel did research on Mendel did research on this --- the transmission this --- the transmission of characteristics from of characteristics from

parent to offspringparent to offspring

12

What is heredity?What is heredity?

13

Number of traits Number of traits Mendel observed in Mendel observed in his study with pea his study with pea

plantsplants

14

What is Seven?What is Seven?

15

Mendel used this to Mendel used this to transfer pollen from transfer pollen from the anther to the the anther to the stigmastigma of flowersof flowers

16

What is a small What is a small paint brush?paint brush?

17

Mendel was able to Mendel was able to document the traits document the traits

of each pea of each pea generation by generation by controlling thiscontrolling this

18

What is pollination?What is pollination?

19

Two forms of a Two forms of a GeneGene

20

What are alleles?What are alleles?

21

Genotype referred Genotype referred to as being “Pure”to as being “Pure”

22

What is What is homozygous?homozygous?

23

Heterozygous Heterozygous genotypes are also genotypes are also

called thiscalled this

24

What are hybrids?What are hybrids?

25

Two forms that a Two forms that a gene or allele may gene or allele may

taketake

26

What are dominant What are dominant or recessive?or recessive?

27

Mendel stated that Mendel stated that physical traits were physical traits were inherited as theseinherited as these

28

What are What are “particles” or “particles” or “factors”?“factors”?

29

Pure parent pea plants Pure parent pea plants are obtained by doing are obtained by doing

thisthis

30

What is allow to What is allow to self-pollinate?self-pollinate?

31

Recessive seed shape Recessive seed shape in Mendel’s peasin Mendel’s peas

32

What is wrinkled?What is wrinkled?

33

Flower part that Flower part that produces pollenproduces pollen

34

What is the What is the stamen?stamen?

OrOrWhat are the What are the

anthers?anthers?

35

Mendel was able to Mendel was able to cross 2 hybrids by cross 2 hybrids by

doing thisdoing this

36

What is transfer What is transfer pollen himself or pollen himself or cross-pollinate?cross-pollinate?

37

The phenotypic ratio The phenotypic ratio that resulted from that resulted from

the self-pollination of the self-pollination of the Fthe F11 generation generation (Hint: F (Hint: F1 1 xx FF11

Monohybrid Cross)Monohybrid Cross)

38

What is 3:1?What is 3:1?

39

Cross involving 2 Cross involving 2 traitstraits

40

What is dihybrid?What is dihybrid?

41

Used to solve Used to solve genetic crossesgenetic crosses

42

What is a Punnett What is a Punnett Square?Square?

43

Percentage of tall pea Percentage of tall pea plants resulting from plants resulting from the self-pollination of the self-pollination of

the Fthe F11 generation generation (Hint: F (Hint: F1 1 xx FF11

Monohybrid Cross)Monohybrid Cross)

44

What is 75%?What is 75%?

45

The crossing of an The crossing of an individual of unknown individual of unknown

genotype with a genotype with a homozygous recessive homozygous recessive individual to determine individual to determine the unknown genotypethe unknown genotype

46

What is a What is a testcross?testcross?

47

Genotypic ratio for Genotypic ratio for the following cross the following cross (round seeds are (round seeds are dominant over dominant over

wrinkled seeds):wrinkled seeds):Rr x rrRr x rr

48

What is 1:1?What is 1:1?

49

Number of Number of Parental traits Parental traits

that fail to appear that fail to appear in Mendel’s Fin Mendel’s F11 pea pea

plantsplants

50

What is one?What is one?

51

Trait that appeared in Trait that appeared in the Fthe F11 generation was generation was

controlled by this controlled by this factor or allelefactor or allele

52

What is dominant?What is dominant?

53

Separation of factors Separation of factors or alleles during the or alleles during the formation of gametesformation of gametes

54

What is the Law of What is the Law of Segregation?Segregation?

55

Dihybrid Crosses Dihybrid Crosses showed that alleles showed that alleles

aren’t connected when aren’t connected when being distributed to being distributed to

gametesgametes(Hint: one of Mendel’s (Hint: one of Mendel’s

Laws)Laws)

56

What is the Law of What is the Law of Independent Independent Assortment?Assortment?

57

58

Number of possible Number of possible allele combinations in allele combinations in

the gametes of a the gametes of a garden pea plant with garden pea plant with the genotype RrYy the genotype RrYy

59

What is four?What is four?

60

Letter used to Letter used to represent an allele represent an allele that masks another that masks another

alleleallele

61

What is a Capital What is a Capital Letter?Letter?

62

States that recessive States that recessive trait alleles have no trait alleles have no effect on phenotype effect on phenotype when paired with a when paired with a

dominant trait alleledominant trait allele

63

What is the Law of What is the Law of Dominance?Dominance?

64

Gives hybrids an Gives hybrids an appearance in between appearance in between the phenotypes of the the phenotypes of the

two parentstwo parents

65

What is Incomplete What is Incomplete Dominance?Dominance?

66

Type of inheritance Type of inheritance in which both alleles in which both alleles for a gene are fully for a gene are fully

expressed in a expressed in a heterozygous heterozygous

individualindividual

67

What is What is Codominance?Codominance?

68

Type of dominance Type of dominance shown in Mendel’s pea shown in Mendel’s pea

plant crossesplant crosses

69

What is Complete What is Complete Dominance?Dominance?

70

71

72

Genetic RatiosGenetic Ratios

73

Genetic Genetic DisordersDisorders

74

GenesGenes

75

Sex-LinkedSex-Linked

76

MutationsMutations

77

Human Human GeneticsGenetics

78

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

Genetic Ratios

Genetic Disorders

Genes Sex-linked

Mutations Human Genetics

79

PP11 Monohybrid Monohybrid genotypic ratiogenotypic ratio

80

What is All Alike?What is All Alike?

81

FF11 Monohybrid Monohybrid genotypic ratiogenotypic ratio

82

What is 1:2:1?What is 1:2:1?

83

FF22 Monohybrid Monohybrid genotypic ratiogenotypic ratio

84

What is 1:1?What is 1:1?

85

FF11 Dihybrid Phenotypic Dihybrid Phenotypic ratioratio

86

What is 9:3:3:1?What is 9:3:3:1?

87

Probability of getting Probability of getting hybrids from an Fhybrids from an F11 Monohybrid CrossMonohybrid Cross

88

What is 50% or ½?What is 50% or ½?

89

Family record showing Family record showing the inheritance of a the inheritance of a trait over several trait over several

generationsgenerations

90

What is a pedigree?What is a pedigree?

91

Type of mutation that Type of mutation that causes death, often causes death, often

before birthbefore birth

92

What is a lethal What is a lethal mutation?mutation?

93

Genetic disorder that Genetic disorder that produces a defective produces a defective form of hemoglobinform of hemoglobin

94

What is sickle cell What is sickle cell anemia?anemia?

95

Chromosome mutation Chromosome mutation resulting in Down resulting in Down

SyndromeSyndrome

96

What is What is nondisjunction?nondisjunction?

97

Genetic disorder in Genetic disorder in which the body can which the body can not metabolize the not metabolize the

amino acid amino acid phenylalaninephenylalanine

98

What is PKU?What is PKU?

99

Alternate forms of a Alternate forms of a GeneGene

100

What are alleles?What are alleles?

101

Genes are carried Genes are carried on theseon these

102

What are What are chromosomes?chromosomes?

103

Shows the linear Shows the linear sequence of genes on sequence of genes on

a chromosomea chromosome

104

What is a What is a chromosome map?chromosome map?

105

Gene mutation Gene mutation involving a single involving a single

nucleotidenucleotide

106

What is a point What is a point mutation?mutation?

107

Genes found on the Genes found on the same chromosome are same chromosome are

said to be thissaid to be this

108

What is linked?What is linked?

109

Genotype for malesGenotype for males

110

What is XY?What is XY?

111

Sex chromosome Sex chromosome that carries the that carries the

most genesmost genes

112

What is the X What is the X chromosome?chromosome?

113

X-linked disease X-linked disease usually in males that usually in males that impairs the ability of impairs the ability of

blood to clotblood to clot

114

What is hemophilia?What is hemophilia?

115

Females that do not Females that do not express a trait but express a trait but

can pass the trait on can pass the trait on to their offspringto their offspring

116

What are carriers?What are carriers?

117

The presence of male The presence of male or female hormones or female hormones affects these traitsaffects these traits

118

What are sex-What are sex-influenced traits?influenced traits?

119

A mutation may take A mutation may take place in any of theseplace in any of these

120

What is a cell?What is a cell?

121

Mutations that aren’t Mutations that aren’t passed on to offspringpassed on to offspring

122

What are somatic What are somatic mutations?mutations?

123

Organisms with these Organisms with these have a better chance have a better chance

of reproducingof reproducing

124

What is a beneficial What is a beneficial mutation?mutation?

125

Loss of a piece of a Loss of a piece of a chromosome due to chromosome due to

chromosomal breakagechromosomal breakage

126

What is a deletion?What is a deletion?

127

128

Condition in which a Condition in which a zygote has only 45 zygote has only 45

chromosomeschromosomes

129

What is monosomy?What is monosomy?

130

Trait controlled by Trait controlled by two or more genes two or more genes such as eye or skin such as eye or skin

colorcolor

131

What is a polygenic What is a polygenic trait?trait?

132

Genetic disorder Genetic disorder found in European found in European Jews in which the Jews in which the nervous system of nervous system of

infants deterioratesinfants deteriorates

133

What is Tay-Sachs What is Tay-Sachs disease?disease?

134

Genetic disorder Genetic disorder carried on the X carried on the X

chromosome resulting chromosome resulting in the wasting away of in the wasting away of

musclesmuscles

135

What is muscular What is muscular dystrophy?dystrophy?

136

XXY chromosomes in XXY chromosomes in a malea male

137

What is What is Klinefelter’s Klinefelter’s syndrome?syndrome?

138

Screening for this Screening for this disorder is performed disorder is performed

immediately after immediately after birth in the United birth in the United

StatesStates

139

What is PKU?What is PKU?

140

Final Final JeopardyJeopardy

141

This type of dominance This type of dominance occurs when occurs when

heterozygous individuals heterozygous individuals & dominant homozygous & dominant homozygous

individuals are individuals are indistinguishable in indistinguishable in

phenotypephenotype

142

What is What is complete complete

dominance?dominance?