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Jay F. Nunamaker, Jr. – DirectorElyse Golob – Executive Director
Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border
Thursday, February 26, 2009
Meydenbauer Center (Bellevue, WA)
National Center forBorder Security and
Immigration
Research Lead: University of Arizona
226 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
3
What is BSI?
DHS Center of Excellence– Bring together leading experts to conduct critical
research in border security and immigration Consortium of 14 universities– Develop innovative technologies and effective
policies to protect the northern and southern borders
Scientific mission– Provide sponsor with scientific knowledge to
meet the changing demands at the borders– Enhance long-term understanding of
immigration dynamics and determinants26 FEB 2009
National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
4
Objectives
Visionary, user-inspired research– Explore novel solutions with rapid transition path
to testing, evaluation and implementation Systems integration (TECH/MGMT/POLICY)– Use multiple disciplines to help define
approaches and speed acceptance Collaborative infrastructure and network-
centric model– “Wiki-like” Internet portal
Leverage existing activities– Infrastructure and grants (~$200 million)
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
5
Overview of Research Areas
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
RA1 – Detection RA2 – Networks RA3 – Fusion
RA4 – Risk RA5 – Population
RA6 – Immigration RA7 – Governance RA8 – Law
6
Research Area 1 – DetectionHumans, Vehicles and Decision Support
Mission– Expedite identification of suspicious activity in
rapid screening environments Objectives– Rapidly detect deception and hostile intent– Convey real-time alerts to screening agents– Formulate profiles of activity and identity– Extend biometric measures– Identify high-risk vehicles
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
7
Research Area 1 – DetectionHumans, Vehicles and Decision Support
Equipment provided by the Defense Academy for Credibility Assessment (DACA)
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
8
Research Area 2 – NetworksInteroperability, Reliability and C3
Mission– More effective and vigilant monitoring of northern
and southern borders using networked sensors Objectives
– How do we monitor and communicate along the border? Build self-sustaining sensor networks for ground, water, and
subsurface deployment Improve lifetime, robustness, and fault tolerance of sensor
nets Utilize renewable energy to power sensors Develop advanced imaging of objects obscured by rough
terrain Develop interoperability of C3 activities
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
9
Research Area 2 – NetworksInteroperability, Reliability and C3
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
10
Research Area 3 – FusionTools and Approaches
Mission– Identify immediate border security concerns
through information fusion and data mining Objectives– Fuse cross-jurisdictional security data– Identify patterns in dynamic data generated by
sensors– Create a “Common Operating Picture” from
human and non-human sensors– Dynamically link users with sensors for improved
situational analysis– Reduce sensor false alarms
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
11
Research Area 3 – FusionTools and Approaches
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
12
Research Area 4 – RiskMitigation, Assessment and Alignment
Mission– Quantify, assess, and mitigate border security
risks Objectives– Measure threats and security levels– Simulate and model countermeasures– Inventory and evaluate current technologies– Identify, test and evaluate easily-deployed and
commercially available technologies– Identify technology gaps requiring further
development
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
13
Research Area 4 – RiskMitigation, Assessment and Alignment
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
14
Research Area 5 – PopulationMethods, Metrics and Estimates
Mission– Accurately determine the size and
characteristics of the unauthorized population Objective– Attempt to find answers to the following
questions: How do we improve estimates of the unauthorized
population? What factors influence immigrant migration patterns? How do we improve estimates of visa overstays?
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
15
Research Area 5 – PopulationMethods, Metrics and Estimates
Unauthorized Population Compare current methods & estimates Develop new approaches for more accurate estimation Estimate sub-populations (e.g., skilled vs. non-skilled
workers)
Immigrant Migration Use new data to assess immigrant population flows Perform microeconomic analysis of labor market
assimilation
Visa Overstays Find data to improve current estimates Calculate average visa overstay rates Determine demographics of overstays
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
16
Research Area 6 – ImmigrationEconomics, Policies and Alternatives
Mission– Enhance the understanding of the long- and
short-term economic effects of immigration Objectives– Better explain and predict the effects of current
and future immigration policies, with particular respect to: Workforce demands Economic and social impacts Public institutions
26 FEB 2009
National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
17
Research Area 6 – ImmigrationEconomics, Policies and Alternatives
Workforce Discover the consequences of employer verification
programs Determine the consequences of eliminating
unauthorized immigrants from the workforce
Economic and Social Impacts Investigate the costs and benefits of immigration in
terms of taxes, spending, health care, etc.
Public Institutions Determine the fiscal impacts of illegal immigration on
the criminal justice, education and health care systems Learn how interior enforcement can effectively
supplement border enforcement
26 FEB 2009
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Research Area 7 – GovernanceLaw Enforcement & International Cooperation
Mission– Balance trade and security for cooperative
border management and improve crime control mechanisms
Objectives– Optimize inter-agency coordination– Central American gangs as a proxy for crime &
terrorism– Assess local law enforcement collaborations to
identify, investigate and prosecute criminal aliens
– Balance international trade and border security
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
19
Research Area 8 – LawCivil Liberties and Rights
Mission– Provide timely and sound guidance to prevent
the integration of practices and policies that could be subject to successful challenges in the courts
Objectives– Ensure all tasks and projects will conform to:
Civil rights Civil liberties Human rights protections Laws and treaties of the United States
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
20
Research Area 8 – LawCivil Liberties and Rights
Topics of Interest International trade Cross-border transportation Laws of other countries Customs Family law
Impacted Research Areas Border surveillance & screening technology Exchanges of biometric information Detention Immigration law Customary and conventional international law Law enforcement
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
21
Summary
Provide a balanced research portfolio Engage top researchers Test technology on northern and southern
borders Disseminate research results Interact with end-users and stakeholders Educate next-generation HS experts Encourage minority group participation Serve as a national resource in border
security and immigration policy
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
22
Contact Information
Website– http://www.bsi.arizona.edu
Fact Sheet– http://www.bsi.arizona.edu/BSI-FactSheet.pdf
Directors– Jay Nunamaker jnunamaker@bsi.arizona.edu– Elyse Golob egolob@bsi.arizona.edu
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
23
Credibility Assessment Devices
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
LDV THERMAL BLINK
PUPILLOMETRY
EYE-TRACKING
24
Embodied Avatar KioskRapid Deception Assessment Screening
Mission– Rapid, automated deception assessments using
kiosk-based embodied avatars and intelligent agents
Objectives– Identify deception cues in rapid standing
assessments – Intelligent agent-based real-time cue processing
& analysis– Temporal cue pattern identification– Embodied avatar effectiveness optimization– Repeated assessment analysis and baseline
profiling– Effective threat index and deception index
development
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona “Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
25
Embodied Avatar KioskRapid Deception Assessment Screening
26 FEB 2009National Center for Border Security and Immigration – RESEARCH LEAD: University of
Arizona“Challenges and Solutions at the Northern Border“ – Bellevue, WA
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