IT 10103 Introduction to Information Technology CHAPTER 05 - INPUT

IT 10103 IT 10103 Introduction to Information TechnologyIntroduction to Information Technology

CHAPTER 05 - INPUTCHAPTER 05 - INPUT

InputInput

What is Input?What is Input?Any data or instruction entered into the Any data or instruction entered into the

memory of a computer.memory of a computer.

InputInput

There are 4 types of input:There are 4 types of input:

TextText

GraphicsGraphics

AudioAudio

VideoVideo

InputInput

DataDataSingle Fact about somethingSingle Fact about something

InputInput

InstructionsInstructionsPrograms are made up of instructions that Programs are made up of instructions that are processed in memory to convert data are processed in memory to convert data

into informationinto information

InputInput

CommandCommandUser issued request for the computer to User issued request for the computer to

perform some actionperform some action

InputInput

User ResponseUser ResponseReplying to a question asked by the Replying to a question asked by the

program instructionsprogram instructions

InputInput

Input DevicesInput DevicesAny hardware component that allows users Any hardware component that allows users to enter data or instructions into a computer.to enter data or instructions into a computer.

KeyboardsKeyboards

The primary input device for the personal The primary input device for the personal computercomputer

KeyboardsKeyboardsQWERTYQWERTY

DVORAKDVORAK

KeyboardsKeyboardsTypes of KeyboardsTypes of Keyboards

The Kinesis Keyboard

104 Key Keyboard

102 Key Multimedia Keyboard

Pointing DevicesPointing Devices

Controls a pointer on-screenControls a pointer on-screen

Pointing DevicesPointing Devices

MouseMousePrimary pointing device on personal Primary pointing device on personal

computerscomputers

MouseMouse

Mouse was originally invented at Xerox’s Palo Mouse was originally invented at Xerox’s Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in the late 70’sAlto Research Center (PARC) in the late 70’s

Mice where first introduced to the public with the Mice where first introduced to the public with the introduction of the Apple Macintosh in 1984introduction of the Apple Macintosh in 1984

MouseMouse

Primary pointing device – Primary pointing device –

it moves a cursor on screen corresponding to the it moves a cursor on screen corresponding to the movement of the mouse by the usermovement of the mouse by the user

MouseMouse

Types of mice:Types of mice:

Roller BallRoller Ball

Track BallTrack Ball

OpticalOptical

LaserLaser

Light PenLight Pen

Graphic StylusGraphic Stylus

MouseMouse

Roller Ball:Roller Ball:

Track Ball:Track Ball:

Optical: (LED)Optical: (LED)

Laser (Logitech G5)Laser (Logitech G5)

Light PenLight Pen

Graphic StylusGraphic Stylus

Mouse Interfaces:Mouse Interfaces:

PS/2PS/2

USBUSB

SerialSerial

MouseMouse

PS/2PS/2

USBUSB

SerialSerial

Entering data by speaking into a microphone Entering data by speaking into a microphone attached to the computerattached to the computer

Called Voice RecognitionCalled Voice Recognition

See Page 245 – Figure 5-18See Page 245 – Figure 5-18

Voice InputVoice Input

Entering sound into the computerEntering sound into the computer

Music and Sound EffectsMusic and Sound Effects

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)

Audio InputAudio Input

Digital CameraDigital CameraAllows users to take pictures and store the Allows users to take pictures and store the

photographed images digitally. photographed images digitally.

When you take a When you take a picture, light passes picture, light passes

into the camera into the camera lens, which focuses lens, which focuses

the image on a the image on a charge-coupled charge-coupled

device (CCD)device (CCD). The . The CCD generates an CCD generates an analog signal that analog signal that

represents the represents the image.image.

Digital CameraDigital Camera

An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts the An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts the analog signal to a digital signal. A analog signal to a digital signal. A digital signal digital signal processor (DSP) processor (DSP) stores the digital image on the stores the digital image on the

camera’s storage media. camera’s storage media.

Digital CameraDigital Camera

The images can be transferred to a computer via The images can be transferred to a computer via a USB/Serial/Firewire connectiona USB/Serial/Firewire connection

Digital CameraDigital Camera

Factors to Consider:Factors to Consider:

Resolution & Pixel QuantityResolution & Pixel Quantity

Digital CameraDigital Camera

Resolution:Resolution:

Describes the sharpness and clearness of an Describes the sharpness and clearness of an imageimage

Stated in Pixels per InchStated in Pixels per Inch

1600 x 12001600 x 1200

1600 pixels per horizontal inch1600 pixels per horizontal inch

1200 pixels per vertical inch1200 pixels per vertical inch

Digital CameraDigital Camera

Bit Depth:Bit Depth:

24 bits per pixel is minimum for a good quality 24 bits per pixel is minimum for a good quality digital cameradigital camera

Or each pixel requiring 24 bits to represent the Or each pixel requiring 24 bits to represent the color of the pixel or 3 Bytes per colorcolor of the pixel or 3 Bytes per color

Digital CameraDigital Camera

Video:Video:

Digital Video camera’s work the same way, but Digital Video camera’s work the same way, but record moving images requiring larger capacity record moving images requiring larger capacity

storage.storage.

Digital CameraDigital Camera

ScannersScanners

Optical Device similar to a copierOptical Device similar to a copier

Designed to make copies of images & text for use Designed to make copies of images & text for use with a computer measured in dpi or dots per inchwith a computer measured in dpi or dots per inch

The higher the dpi the shaper and clearer the The higher the dpi the shaper and clearer the image, but also the greater the storage needs to image, but also the greater the storage needs to

hold all the datahold all the data

ScannersScanners

ImagesImages

Converts Analog signal copy to a Digital signal Converts Analog signal copy to a Digital signal copy that a computer can usecopy that a computer can use

ScannersScanners

TextText

Converts the text into digital format via OCR Converts the text into digital format via OCR (Optical Character Recognition) software(Optical Character Recognition) software

ScannersScanners

OCROCR

Recognizing the text on a document to be able to Recognizing the text on a document to be able to convert it to editable text a word processing or convert it to editable text a word processing or

other software can useother software can use

ScannersScanners

Scanner dpi vs Printer dpiScanner dpi vs Printer dpi

Scanner or image dpi refers to how much Scanner or image dpi refers to how much information is in the image in a given area; information is in the image in a given area;

printer dpi gives you an idea of how the ink goes printer dpi gives you an idea of how the ink goes onto the paperonto the paper

ScannersScanners

There is rarely a need to scan higher than 240 dpi There is rarely a need to scan higher than 240 dpi except for OCR except for OCR

Pictures in magazines are scanned at 200 dpiPictures in magazines are scanned at 200 dpi

ScannersScanners

For:For: Scan At:Scan At:

E-MailE-Mail 72 dpi72 dpi

Web PagesWeb Pages 72-100 dpi72-100 dpi

PrintersPrinters 72-240 dpi72-240 dpi

OCROCR 300 dpi300 dpi

Storage ConcernsStorage Concerns

Scanning a 4x6 photo produces:Scanning a 4x6 photo produces:

240 DPI = 4.032Mb240 DPI = 4.032Mb

360 DPI = 9.074Mb360 DPI = 9.074Mb

720 DPI = 36.295Mb720 DPI = 36.295Mb

ScannersScanners

The technology of authenticating a person’s The technology of authenticating a person’s identity by verifying a personal characteristicidentity by verifying a personal characteristic

Used to grant access to programs, systems, Used to grant access to programs, systems, rooms, or buildings.rooms, or buildings.

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Fingerprint ScannerFingerprint Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing the distinctive Used to authenticate utilizing the distinctive fingerprint pattern of an individualfingerprint pattern of an individual

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Hand Geometry ScannerHand Geometry Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing the distinctive Used to authenticate utilizing the distinctive geometric hand pattern of an individualgeometric hand pattern of an individual

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Face Recognition ScannerFace Recognition Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the individuals prerecorded face image with the individuals prerecorded face image with the

image being scannedimage being scanned

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Voice Verification ScannerVoice Verification Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the individuals prerecorded voice pattern with the individuals prerecorded voice pattern with the

voice pattern being scannedvoice pattern being scanned

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Signature Verification ScannerSignature Verification Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the Used to authenticate utilizing a comparison of the individuals prerecorded signature with the individuals prerecorded signature with the

signature being scannedsignature being scanned

BioMetricsBioMetrics

Iris Recognition ScannerIris Recognition Scanner

Used to authenticate utilizing a scan of the iris Used to authenticate utilizing a scan of the iris which is unique for each individualwhich is unique for each individual

BioMetricsBioMetrics

All input devices regardless of type allow us to All input devices regardless of type allow us to enter some form of data into the computer for use enter some form of data into the computer for use

with software or for storagewith software or for storage

Input SummaryInput Summary

Questions?Questions?

Answer these questions:Answer these questions:

How would Biometrics benefit students?How would Biometrics benefit students?What might be the advantages and disadvantages of What might be the advantages and disadvantages of Biometrics for students?Biometrics for students?With the benefits and disadvantages in mind, would you With the benefits and disadvantages in mind, would you be better off with or without Biometrics for students? Why?be better off with or without Biometrics for students? Why?

Discuss RFID technology? Discuss RFID technology? What role you think it will play in our future?What role you think it will play in our future?What do you see as good or bad about RFID?What do you see as good or bad about RFID?

Assignment 03Assignment 03