Iowa Drug Trends Presented by Director Gary Kendell Governor’s Office of Drug Control Policy

Iowa Drug Trends

Presented by Director Gary KendellGovernor’s Office of Drug Control Policy

1) COORDINATION OF EFFORT

2) GRANT PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION

3) POLICY DEVELOPMENT

Director of ODCP

Iowa’s Drug Policy CoordinatorDrug Policy Advisory Council – Chair

Duty to coordinate and monitor all substance abuse treatment and prevention and drug enforcement programs in the state.

77% OF DRUG ABUSERS ARE EMPLOYED

(Bureau of Labor Statistics)

SUBSTANCE ABUSERS ARE 33 – 50% LESS PRODUCTIVE

(National Institute of Drug Abuse)

SUBSTANCE ABUSERS ARE ABSENT 30 -35 DAYS PER YEAR AND ARE THREE TIMES MORE LIKELY THAN NON-ABUSERS TO BE LATE FOR WORK.

(U.S. Chamber of Commerce)

SUBSTANCE ABUSERS ARE 3 – 4 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO HAVE AN ACCIDENT ON THE JOB AND 5 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO FILE A WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIM

(Employee Assistance Society of North America)

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

7.06.4

9.6

13.9

5.9

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

8.48.8 8.6

13.6

5.6

0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%

10.00%12.00%14.00%16.00%18.00%20.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

9.2

8.2

11.9

18.6

8.3

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

3.00%

4.00%

5.00%

6.00%

7.00%

8.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

3.2%2.6%

4.1%

8.0%

3.5%

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

16.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

9.1% 9.2%

10.0%

15.6%

6.5%

0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%

10.00%12.00%14.00%16.00%18.00%20.00%

Total 18-25 26-34 35-49 50-64

8.2%

19.0%

10.3%

7.0%

2.6%

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

Total Full-Time Part-Time Unemployed Other

8.48.8 8.6

13.6

5.6

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

16.00%

18.00%

Total 18-25 26-34 35-49 50-64

8.8%

16.3%

10.4%

8.1%

4.7%

0.00%

1.00%

2.00%

3.00%

4.00%

5.00%

6.00%

7.00%

8.00%

Total 18-25 26-34 35-49 50-64

2.6%

7.5%

3.3%

1.9%

.7%

0.00%2.00%4.00%6.00%8.00%

10.00%12.00%14.00%16.00%18.00%20.00%

Total 18-25 26-34 35-49 50-64

9.2%

18.4%

12.3%

7.8%

4.0%

Accommodations & Food Services 16.9%

Construction 13.7%

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 11.6%

Information 11.3%

Management of Companies & Enterprises, Administrative, Support, Waste Management, & Remediation Services 10.9%

Retail Trade 9.4%

Other Services (Except Public Administration) 8.8%

Wholesale Trade 8.5%

Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services 8.0%

Real Estate, Rental, & Leasing 7.5%

Mining 7.3%

Finance & Insurance 6.8%

Manufacturing 6.5%

Transportation & Warehousing 6.2%

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting 6.2%

Healthcare & Social Assistance 6.1%

Public Administration 4.1%

Educational Services 4.0%

Utilities 3.8%

Accommodations & Food Services 16.9%

Construction 13.7%

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 11.6%

Information 11.3%

Manufacturing 6.5%

Transportation & Warehousing 6.2%

Healthcare & Social Assistance 6.1%

Educational Services 4.0%

Construction 15.9%

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 13.6%

Mining 13.3%

Accommodations & Food Services 12.0%

Wholesale Trade 11.5%

Management of Companies & Enterprises, Administrative, Support, Waste Management, & Remediation Services 10.4%

Information 10.4%

Utilities 10.1%

Other Services (Except Public Administration) 9.9%

Real Estate, Rental, & Leasing 9.8%

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, & Hunting 9.7%

Manufacturing 9.5%

Retail Trade 8.8%

Transportation & Warehousing 8.6%

Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services 7.1%

Finance & Insurance 6.9%

Public Administration 5.9%

Healthcare & Social Assistance 4.3%

Educational Services 4.0%

Construction 15.9%

Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 13.6%

Mining 13.3%

Accommodations & Food Services 12.0%

Manufacturing 9.5%

Retail Trade 8.8%

Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services

7.1%

Healthcare & Social Assistance 4.3%

• Meth lab incidents in Iowa have dropped dramatically since their peak in 2004, but are resurging – up 50% from 2007.

• Iowa authorities report a rise in crystal meth, a more potent form of meth, smuggled into Iowa from Mexico and other

states.

3,600 milligrams of pseudo collectively or separately within 24 hours

7,500 milligrams of pseudo within 30 day period

APPRISS – NPLEX

Real Time• Mandatory Participation by Pharmacies

• Implementation was completed September 1st. Almost 100% compliance already

• Should reduce smurfers ability to obtain pseudoephedrine to cook meth

Made possible by:

• Passage of Senate File 237 during 2009 session

• Earmark funding provided by: Senator Grassley & Senator Harkin jointly

• Consortium of pseudo manufacturers:Schering-Plough, Novartis, Perrigo, Reckitt Benckiser, McNeil, Wyeth & Bayer

•Drug-related prison admissions, driven by reductions in meth cases, have declined for the 5th straight year.

•About 80% of offenders in Iowa prisons have a past or current drug problem.

• Among those inmates, 52% of women and 50% of men had used meth.• Roughly 50% of prisoners needing treatment get it. (Iowa DOC & CJJP

2006-2009)

• Iowa still has the 11th highest number of meth treatment admissions in the nation (2007 TEDS).

• There are 45% more treatment admissions that occur via the criminal justice system in counties that are covered by

drug task forces than those counties that are not.

Years Alcohol Marijuana Meth Cocaine & Crack

Heroin Other Total Clients

1997 62.5% 19.3% 9.6% 6.3% 0.6% 1.7% 38,297

1998 60% 20% 12% 6% 0.5% 1.5% 38,347

1999 63% 20% 8.3% 5.6% 0.5% 1.3% 40,424

2000 62.3% 20.9% 9.4% 5.4% 0.5% 1.5% 43,217

2001 60.5% 22.2% 10.7% 4.6% 0.5% 1.5% 44,147

2002 58.5% 22.7% 12.3% 4.2% 0.5% 1.8% 42,911

2003 57.5% 21.8% 13.4% 4.6% 0.6% 1.9% 40,925

2004 55.6% 22.7% 14.6% 4.7% 0.6% 1.8% 42,449

2005 55.8% 22.4% 14.4% 5% 0.6% 1.9% 43,692

2006 55.9% 22.8% 13.6% 5.1% 0.5% 2.2% 44,863

2007 58.3% 22.5% 10.7% 5.2% 0.4% 2.9% 47,252

2008 61.9% 22.7% 7.5% 4.5% 0.4% 2.9% 44,528

2009 61.4% 23.2% 7.8% 3.7% 0.5% 3.4% 44,849

• Drug Abuse Resistance Education Program• Iowa National Guard - Drug Demand Reduction• PDFI – FIT – statewide non-profits made up of

public and private sector distribution of public service announcements

• Boys & Girls Club• PROSPER• Community Coalitions – AC4C

Funding Source

Prevention Treatment Enforcement Total Funding by Source

State $6,222,272 $36,395,554 $23,725,523 $66,343,349

Federal $10,974,747 $32,201,261 $20,176,022 $63,352,030

Other $3,763,403 $2,410,582 $994,583 $7,168,568

Total $20,960,422 $71,007,397 $44,896,128 $136,863,947

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

536,247 669,214 741,425 855,838 971,914

The Proportion of all substance abuse treatment admissions aged 12 or older who reported any pain reliever abuse more than quadrupled between 1998 and 2008 – climbing from 2.2% to 9.8%

SAMHSA Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS)

• Public calls to the Statewide Poison Control Center to identify Hydrocodone and Oxycodone pills have increased

2,031% since 2002. • Medicines account for 5 of the top 10 substances involved in

poisonings in Iowa. • Pain medicine is #1.

10 – 12% utilization rate by prescribersDoes not require participationIs not real-timeDifficult for Law Enforcement to obtain dataLaw doesn’t allow unsolicited searches

Iowa Prescription Monitoring Program400 S.W. 8th St., Ste. E, Des Moines, IA 50309Phone: (515) 281-5944www.state.ia.us/ibpe/pmp

• Four recent Iowa Youth Surveys show steady drops in alcohol and tobacco use among 6th, 8th, and 11th grade students.

However, other illegal drug use is rising.

• Of Iowa Youth seeking treatment, 55.5% cited marijuana as their primary substance of abuse (Iowa DPH, SFY 2009).

Iowa Board of Pharmacy currently considering

Synthetic THC is currently available – Marinol

Organic THC is currently in clinical trials

Sativex – similar to an asthma inhaler

ODCP and many others are concerned about expanding access and acceptance

Last 4 legislative sessions I proposed legislation to make Salvia a controlled substance

K2/Spice just started showing up in Iowa earlier this year

ODCP had already planned to include it in our Salvia legislation prior to tragic death of teen in Indianola, Iowa

• Alcohol is the substance most abused by Iowans. (Iowa DPH, SFY 2009)

• 61.4% of clients screened/admitted to treatment cite alcohol as a substance of abuse. (Iowa DPH, SFY 2009)

• For SFY 2008, Iowa liquor sales increased by 6.4%, beer sales rose by 1.8%, and wine sales rose by 3%. (ABD, SFY 2008)

• So much alcohol was sold during the 12 month period of SFY2008, the average adult Iowan consumed 37.23 gallons of beer, 1.98 gallons of liquor, and 1.69 gallons of wine (ABD SFY2008). This figure increased

in SFY2009 for the 8th year in a row.

Governor’s Office of Drug Control Policy

www.state.ia.us/odcp

Phone: (515) 725-0300

Iowa Substance Abuse Information Center

www.drugfreeinfo.org

Phone: (866) 242-4111

Gary W. KendellDirector & Iowa Drug Policy

CoordinatorGovernor’s Office of Drug Control

PolicyWallace State Office Building, 1st Floor502 East 9th Street, Des Moines, Iowa

50319Phone: (515) 725-0305

E-Mail: gary.kendell@iowa.gov