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Introduction to Ultra WideBand Systems
Chia-Hsin Cheng
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsUWB in IEEE 802 Standards The Application of UWB
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Introduction
The world of ultra wideband (UWB) has changed dramatically in very recent history. In the past 20 years, UWB was used for radar, sensing, military communications and niche applications.
A substantial change occurred in February 2002, when the FCC (2002a,b) issued a ruling that UWB could be used for data communications as well as for radar and safety applications.
Recently, UWB technology has been focused on consumer electronics and communications.
Ideal targets for UWB systems are low power, low cost, high data rates, precise positioning capability and extremely low interference.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB transmitter signal BW:
Or, BW 500 MHz regardless of fractional BW
UWB Transmitter Defined
fu-fl
fu+fl2 0.20
Where: fu= upper 10 dB down point fl = lower 10 dB down point
Source: US 47 CFR Part15 Ultra-Wideband Operations FCC Report and Order, 22 April 2002:http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Engineering_Technology/Orders/2002/fcc02048.pdf
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB: Large Fractional Bandwidth
Po
wer
Sp
ect
ral
Den
sit
y (
dB
)
one “chip”one “chip”CDMA: 1.288Mcps/1.8 GHz 0.07% bandwidth
6% bandwidth
-80
-40
0
Frequency (GHz)
3 6 9 12 15
Random noise signal
100% bandwidth
UWBUWB
NBNB
20% bandwidth
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Large Relative (and Absolute) Bandwidth
UWB is a form of extremely wide spread spectrum where RF energy is spread over gigahertz of spectrum Wider than any narrowband system by orders of magnitude Power seen by a narrowband system is a fraction of the
total UWB signals can be designed to look like imperceptible
random noise to conventional radios
Narrowband (30kHz)
Wideband CDMA (5 MHz)
UWB (Several GHz)
Frequency
Part 15 Limit( -41.3dBm/Hz )
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Why is Ultra Wideband So Effective?
Shannon showed that the system capacity, C, of a channel perturbed by AWGN ---
)1(log 2 N
SBC
Where: C = Max Channel Capacity (bits/sec) B = Channel Bandwidth (Hz) S = Signal Power (watts) N = Noise Power (watts)
Capacity per channel (bps) BCapacity per channel (bps) log(1+S/N)
1. Increase B2. Increase S/N, use higher order modulation3. Increase number of channels using spatial separation (e.g., MIMO)
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Throughput
Low Power UWB Comparable to High Power Wireless Systems
UWB throughput between 802.11a and b
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB Properties
Extremely difficult to detect by unintended users Highly Secured
Non-interfering to other communication systems It appears like noise for other systems
Both Line of Sight and non-Line of Sight operation Can pass through walls and doors
High multipath immunityCommon architecture for communications, radar & posit
ioning (software re-definable)Low cost, low power, nearly all-digital and single chip ar
chitecture
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsUWB in IEEE 802 StandardsThe Application of UWB
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The history of UWB Technology
Before 1900: Wireless Began as UWB Large RF bandwidths, but did not take advantage of large spreading gain
1900-40s: Wireless goes ‘tuned’ Analog processing: filters, resonators ‘Separation of services by wavelength’ Era of wireless telephony begins: AM / SSB / FM Commercial broadcasting matures, radar and signal processing
1970-90s: Digital techniques applied to UWB Wide band impulse radar Allows for realization of the HUGE available spreading gain
Now: UWB approved by FCC for commercialization
For further details, refer to ref.[1]
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
What UWB is Today
7,500 MHz available spectrum for unlicensed useUS operating frequency: 3,100 – 10,600 MHz Emission limit: -41.3dBm/MHz EIRPIndoor and handheld systemsOther restrictions and measurement procedures in Report and Orde
r
UWB transmitter defined as having the lesser ofFractional bandwidth greater than 20%Occupies more than 500 MHz
UWB is NOT defined in terms of Modulation or Carrierless or Impulse radio
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsUWB in IEEE 802 StandardsThe Application of UWB
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Summary of the FCC Rules
Significant protection provided for sensitive systems GPS, Federal aviation systems, etc.
Lowest emission limits ever by FCCIncorporates NTIA (National Telecomm. and Info.
Administration) recommendationsAllows UWB technology to coexist with existing radio
services without causing interferenceFCC opened up new spectrum for UWB transmissions
One of the bands is from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz Maximum power emission limit is - 41.3dBm/MHz
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
FCC UWB Device Classifications
Report and Order authorizes 5 classes of devices with different limits for each: Imaging Systems
Ground penetrating radars, wall imaging, medical imaging Thru-wall Imaging & Surveillance Systems
Communication and Measurement Systems Indoor Systems Hand-held Systems
Vehicular Radar Systems collision avoidance, improved airbag activation, suspension systems, etc.
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
FCC First Report and Order Authorizes Five Types of Devices
Class / Application Frequency Band for Operation at Part 15 Limits
User Limitations
Communications and Measurement Systems
3.1 to 10.6 GHz(different “out-of-band” emission limits for indoor a
nd hand-held devices)No
Imaging: Ground Penetrating Radar, Wall, Medical Imaging
<960 MHz or 3.1 to 10.6 GHz Yes
Imaging: Through-wall <960 MHz or 1.99 to 10.6 GHz Yes
Imaging: Surveillance 1.99 to 10.6 GHz Yes
Vehicular 22 to 29 GHz No
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB Emission Limits for GPRs, Wall Imaging, & Medical Imaging Systems
Operation is limited to law enforcement, fire and rescue organizations, scientific research institutions, commercial mining companies, and construction companies.
0.96 1.61
1.993.1 10.6
GPS Band
Source: www.fcc.gov
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB Emission Limits for Thru-wall Imaging & Surveillance Systems
Operation is limited to law enforcement, fire and rescue organizations. Surveillance systems may also be operated by public utilities and industrial entities.
0.96 1.61
1.99 10.6GPS Band
Source: www.fcc.gov
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB Emission Limit for Indoor Systems
0.96 1.61
1.99
3.1 10.6
GPS Band
Source: www.fcc.gov
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
0.96 1.61
1.99
3.1 10.6
GPS Band
Source: www.fcc.gov
Proposed UWB Emission Limit for “Outdoor” Systems
Proposed in preliminary Report and Order, Feb. 14, 2002.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
0.01 0.1 1 10 100-80
-70
-60
-50
Frequency, GHz
-40EIRP, dBm/MHz
First Report and Order, April 22, 2002.
UWB Band-width must be contained here
Actual UWB Emission Limit for Hand-held Systems
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsUWB in IEEE 802 StandardsThe Application of UWB
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB Signals
Monocycle Shapes for UWBData ModulationModulation Schemes
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB
Monocycle shapes will affect the performanceListed monocycles’ duration is 0.5ns
Gaussian pulse Gaussian Monocycle Scholtz’s Monocycle Manchester Monocycle RZ- Manchester Monocycle Sine Monocycle Rectangle Monocycle
For further details, refer to ref.[4]
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Gaussian Pulse
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Gaussian monocycle Similar to the first derivative of Gaussian pulse
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Scholtz’s monocycle Similar to the second derivative of Gaussian pulse
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Manchester Monocycle It has amplitude A during half of the monocycle width and has
amplitude –A during the other half.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
RZ- Manchester Monocycle It has amplitude A and –A only a portion of each half monocycle
width.
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Sine Monocycle Just a period of sine wave
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Monocycle Shapes for UWB (cont.)
Rectangle Monocycle It has uniform amplitude A during the whole pulse width.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Data Modulation
A number of modulation schemes may be used with UWB systems. The potential modulation schemes include both orthogonal and antipodal schemes.
Pulse Position Modulation (PPM)
Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)
On-Off Keying (OOK)
Bi-Phase Modulation (BPSK)
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Modulation Schemes
Many different pulse generation techniques may be used to satisfy the requirements of an UWB signal.
The FCC requires that the fractional bandwidth is greater than 20 %, or that the bandwidth of the transmitted signal is more than 500MHz, whichever is less.
The most common UWB concepts Time-hopping (TH) technique Direct-Sequence (DS) technique Multi-band (MB) technique
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
TH-UWB
TH-PPM1. transmitting 0
Tf
Ts : data symbol time
Tc t
pulse wtr(t)Str(t)
cfchf
s
fsfss
p
h
TTeiTNT
N
TTeiTNT
N
NC
3..
symbol dataper pulses ofnumber :
4..
4 periodcode
2 , ]2001[ codeword
1
0
s
Ns
tr tr s f iN j c ii j
S t w t iT jT c T d
=0id
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
TH-UWB
TH-PPM2 . transmitting 1
Tf
Ts
Tc t
Str(t)
cfchf
s
fsfss
p
h
TTeiTNT
N
TTeiTNT
N
NC
3..
symbol dataper pulses ofnumber :
4..
4 periodcode
2 , ]2001[ codeword
1
0
s
Ns
tr tr s f iN j c ii j
S t w t iT jT c T d
=1id
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
DS-UWB
DS-UWB1
0
( ) ( )cN
tr i n b ci n
s t d a w t iT nT
=1id
= -1id
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Multiband UWB
Refer to OFDM course
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsUWB in IEEE 802 StandardsThe Application of UWB
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
UWB in IEEE 802 Standards
IEEE 802 Organization IEEE 802.15.3a IEEE 802.15.4a
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
WLAN™IEEE 802.11
WPAN™IEEE 802.15
WMAN™IEEE 802.16
802.15.1“Bluetooth”
802.15.3“High Data Rate” MAC &
2.4 GHz PHY
Task Group 3aAlt PHY (UWB)
802.15.4“Zigbee” 2.4 GHz
LAN/MAN Standards Committee (Wireless Areas)
802.15.2Coexistence
IEEE 802 Organization
MBWAIEEE 802.20
Regulatory TAGIEEE 802.18
Coexistence TAGIEEE 802.19
Based on: “Overview of 802.15.3 and 3a,” R. F. Heile, Workshop on Current Developments in UWB, Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore
Study Group 4a(UWB?)
Mini-Glossary: WLAN-wireless Local Area Network; MAN-Metropolitan Area Network; TAG-Technical Advisory Group;-MBWA-Mobile Broadband Wireless Access
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
IEEE Project 802 Local and Metropolitan Area Network Standards Committee
Accredited by ANSI, Sponsored by IEEE Computer Society Ethernet, Token Ring, Wireless, Cable Modem Standards Bridging, VLAN, Security Standards
Meets three times per year (400-600 individuals, 15% non-US)
Develops equivalent IEC/ISO JTC 1 standardsJTC 1 series of equivalent standards are ISO 8802-nnn
IEEE URLs 802 http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/ 802.15 http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/
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Standards : Range and Data Rate
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UWB Technique
OFDM TDMS/FDMA Pulses DSSS/CDMA
Bands 3 to 13 3 to 13 2
Bandwidths 528 MHz 550 MHz 1.368 GHz, 2.736 GHz
Frequency ranges
3.168 GHz – 4.752 GHz 4.752 – 10.296
3.325 GHz – 4.975 GHz, 4.975 GHz – 10.475 GHz
3.1 GHz – 5.15 GHz 5.825 GHz – 10.6 GHz
Modulation Scheme
OFDM, QPSK M-ary Bi-Orthogonal Keying (M-BOK), QPSK
BPSK, QPSK, M-BOK
Error correction
Convolutional code Convolutional code, Reed-Solomon code
Convolutional code, Reed-Solomon code
Code rates 11/32 rate at 110 Mbps, 5/8 rate at 200 Mbps, ¾ rate at 480 Mbps
6/32 rate at 110 Mbps, 5/16 rate at 200 Mbps, ¾ rate at 480 Mbps
½ rate at 110 Mbps, RS(255,223) at 200 Mbps, RS(255,223) t 480 Mbps
Link margin 5.3/6 dB at 10 m / 110 Mbps, 10.7 dB at 4 m / 200 Mbps, 6.2 dB at 4 m / 480 Mbps
6.3 dB at 10 m / 108 Mbps, 8.0 dB at 4 m / 288 Mbps, 4.0 dB at 4 m / 577 Mbps
6.1 dB at 10 m / 110 Mbps, 11.1 dB at 4 m / 200 Mbps, 6.1 dB at 4 m / 600 Mbps
Symbol period
312.5 ns OFDM symbol 3 ns 23 or 17.5 ns (Low band), 11.7 or 8.9 ns (High band)
Multipath mitigation method
1-tap (robust to 60.6 ns delay spread)
frequency interleaving of MBOK chips; time frequency codes; feed forward filter
Decision feedback equalizer
Candidate UWB Systems
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
802.15.3a – high data rate WPAN standard
Direct sequence (DS-UWB) Championed by Motorola/XtremeSpectrum Classic UWB, simple pulses, 2 frequency bands: 3.1-4.85GHz, 6.2-9.7GHz CDMA has been proposed at the encoding layer Spectrum dependent on the shaping filter – possible differing de
vices worldwideMultiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
(MB-OFDM) Intel/TI/many others Similar in nature to 802.11a/g 14 528MHz bands (simplest devices need to support 3 lowest ba
nds, 3.1GHz – 4.7 GHz) Spectrum shaping flexibility for international use
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Detail of DS-CDMA Candidate for 802.15.3a
Multi-band DS-CDMA Physical Layer Proposal
Summary from IEEE document 15-03-0334-02-003a-Merger-2-CFP-Presentation.ppt
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
High Band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Low Band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Multi-Band
With an appropriate diplexer, the multi-band mode will support full-duplex operation (RX in one band while TX in the other)
Low Band (3.1 to 5.15 GHz) 25 Mbps to 450 Mbps
High Band (5.825 to 10.6 GHz) 25 Mbps to 900 Mbps
Multi-Band (3.1 to 5.15 GHz plus 5.825 GHz to 10.6 GHz) Up to 1.35 Gbps
Two BandDS-CDMA
3 Spectral Modes of Operat
ion
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Joint Time Frequency Wavelet Family
ExampleDuplexWavelet
MidWavelet
LongWavelet
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-50
GHz
dB
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-50
GHz
dB
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-50
GHz
dB
-1 0 1-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
-1 0 1-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
-1 0 1-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
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• PHY Proposal accommodates alternate spectral allocations
• Center frequency and bandwidth are adjustable
• Supports future spectral allocations
• Maintains UWB advantages (i.e. wide bandwidth for multipath resolution)
• No changes to silicon
Example 1: Modified Low Band to include protection for 4.9-5.0 GHz WLAN Band
3 4 5 6 3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Example 2: Support for hypothetical “above 6 GHz” UWB definition
Note 1: Reference doc IEEE802.15-03/211
Spectral Flexibility and Scalability
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Detail of OFDM Candidate for 802.15.3a
Multi-band OFDM Physical Layer Proposal
Summary from IEEE document 03267r1P802-15_TG3a-Multi-band-OFDM-CFP-Presentation.ppt
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Overview of Multi-band OFDM
Basic idea: divide spectrum into several 528 MHz bands.
Information is transmitted using OFDM modulation on each band. OFDM carriers are efficiently generated using an 128-point IFFT/FFT. Internal precision is reduced by limiting the constellation size to
QPSK.
Information bits are interleaved across all bands to exploit frequency diversity and provide robustness against multi-path and interference.
60.6 ns cyclic prefix provides robustness against multi-path even in the worst channel environments.
9.5 ns guard interval provides sufficient time for switching between bands.
Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Multi-band OFDM: TX Architecture Block diagram of an example TX architecture:
Architecture is similar to that of a conventional and proven OFDM system. Can leverage existing OFDM solutions for the development of the Multi-band OFDM physical layer.
For a given superframe, the time-frequency code is specified in the beacon by the PNC (PicoNet Controller). The time-frequency code is changed from one superframe to another in order to randomize multi-piconet interference.
DACScramblerConvolutional
EncoderPuncturer
BitInterleaver
ConstellationMapping
IFFTInsert Pilots
Add CP & GI
Time-Frequency Code
exp(j2fct)
InputData
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Band Plan Group the 528 MHz bands into 4 distinct groups
Group A: Intended for 1st generation devices (3.1 – 4.9 GHz) Group B: Reserved for future use (4.9 – 6.0 GHz) Group C: Intended for devices with improved SOP performance (6.0 – 8.1 GHz) Group D: Reserved for future use (8.1 – 10.6 GHz)
f3432MHz
3960MHz
4488MHz
5016MHz
5808MHz
6336MHz
6864MHz
7392MHz
7920MHz
8448MHz
8976MHz
9504MHz
10032MHz
Band#1
Band#2
Band#3
Band#4
Band#5
Band#6
Band#7
Band#8
Band#9
Band#10
Band#11
Band#12
Band#13
GROUP A GROUP B GROUP C GROUP D
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802.15.4a – alternate PHY for 802.15.4
Addresses the followingGlobally deployableCompatible / interoperable with 802.15.4Longer rangeHigher reliabilityRanging/localization supportLower latency & support for mobilityLow cost
Current UWB systems not quite suitable90 nm CMOS is expensive, 200 mW is a lot of power
Still in early stagesProposals due Jan. 2005!DS-UWB a major contender (Motorola)Chirp Spread Spectrum another cool tech (Nanotron)Many axes for diversity: Basic tech (2.4 v. UWB), ranging (UWB v.
CSS v. Phase-based ranging), pulse shapes, channel arbitration (CSMA v. CDMA)
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Outlines
IntroductionThe history of UWBUWB Regulations (FCC Rules)UWB signalsStandards of IEEE 802The Application of UWB
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
The Application of UWB
Ultra-wideband is the contortionist of the wireless world – it is flexible enough to work in many different ways while still maintaining its character.
These applications are distributed amongst three categories: Communications and sensors Position location and tracking Radar
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The Application of UWB
Single and multi-family dwelling residents who have at least one of the following configurations in their dwellings:
Source: doc.: IEEE 802.15-01/036r0
– Remote control for:
• Multimedia PC with interactive gaming options
• Consumer devices like,TV (w internet access),Home Theatre, video gaming console, DVD player,STB, DVCR, Home Stereo, TiVo
– Interconnectivity between devices (Tomoguchis, Gameboys, etc.)
– Home security, home automation or HVAC systems (sensors, control units)
– Illumination control (light switches, spot light control)
– Small Office/Home Office (SOHO) control of:
• multimedia presentations
• conference rooms
• training rooms
• automation or control functions
– Industry applications for control and surveillance
– Healthcare industry for monitoring and wearable sensors, patient monitoring
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Source: Walter Hirt, Dennis L. Moeller, "The Global View of a Wireless System Integrator," International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies (ISART), Boulder, CO, USA, 4-6 March 2002
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4G
POTENTIAL FOR UWB
3G and beyond
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CCU Wireless Access Tech. Lab.
Wide AreaCellular Network
InternetPDA
Camcorder
DVDDesktopComputer
Printer
DigitalCamera
LaptopComputerTV
Monitor
Audio
WirelessBridge
Gateway
Wide AreaCellular Network
InternetPDA
Camcorder
DVDDesktopComputer
Printer
DigitalCamera
LaptopComputerTV
Monitor
Audio
WirelessBridge
Gateway
MotionSensor
TemperatureSensor
LightSensor
Position Sensor
PositionSensor
PositionSensor
Position Sensor
PositionSensor
Wireless Bridge
HomeController
Wide AreaCellular Network
(Alarms, Remote Control
MotionSensor
TemperatureSensor
LightSensor
Position Sensor
PositionSensor
PositionSensor
Position Sensor
PositionSensor
Wireless Bridge
HomeController
Wide AreaCellular Network
(Alarms, Remote Control
Internet AccessFix line
3G corenetwork
Ad hocconnection option
High Data RateData Exchange (Gaming)
PDA
PDA PDA
PDA
UWB connection
Opt.
Opt.
Access Box
▲Hot-spot Wireless PersonalArea Network (WPAN)
Intelligent WirelessArea Network (IWAN) ►
Sensor, Positioning, and Identification Network (SPIN)▼
Wireless Body AreaNetwork (WBAN)▼
Outdoor Peer-to-PeerNetworking (OPPN)◄
Potential Application Scenarios
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UWB Consumer Applications
Home EntertainmentHome Entertainment
Mobile DevicesMobile DevicesComputingComputing
AutomotiveAutomotive
Freescale Semi.Freescale Semi.
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Entertainment Applications
Connect between sources and displays Drivers are wire elimination for install
and freedom of component placement Requirements
Bandwidth Each MPEG2 HD Stream 20-29 Mbps Two full rate streams required for PIP Handheld can be used for PIP viewing
or channel surfing (SD stream)
Range Media center to display or handheld Anywhere in the room (<10m)
QoS with low latency Channel change, typing, gamers
Available Now: both SD and HD
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Content Transfer: Mobile Devices
Applications Smartphone/PDA, MP3, DSC Media Player, Storage, display
Requirements Mobile device storage sizes
Flash 5, 32, 512, 2048 … MB HD 4, …, 60+ GB
Range is near device (< 2m) User requires xfer time < 10s
Print from handheld
Images from camera to storage/network
MP3 titles to music player
MPEG4 movie(512 MB) to player
Mount portable HD
Exchange your music & data
Low Power Use Cases
Low Power & High Data Rate Use
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Content Streaming Applications
Digital video camcorder (DVC) Smartphone/PDS, Media player
Requirements Range is in view of display (< 5m) DV Format 30 Mbps with QoS MPEG 2 at 12-20Mbps Power budget < 500 mW
Stream DV or MPEGDS-UWB is just a shift register
Stream presentationfrom Smartphone/PDA to projector
Channel surf and PIPto handheld
Use Cases
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References
[1] K. Siwiak and D. McKeown, Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology, Wiley: UK, 2004.
[2] Mohammad Ghavami, Lachlan Michael, Ryuji Kohno. Ultra-Wideband Signals and Systems in Communication Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004.
[3]M.-G. Di Benedetto and G. Giancola, UnderstandingUltra Wide Band radio Fundamentals, Prentice Hall, 2004.
Ian Oppermann. UWB: Theory and Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005.
[4] Xiaomin Chen and Sayfe Kiaei, "Monocycle Shapes for Ultra Wideband System,“ IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol. 1, pp. 597-600,May 2002.
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