View
0
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Introduction to Digestion
A 5 We are learning to demonstrate an understanding of animal anatomy and physiology of the digestive system.
Success Criteria: I can…
- use appropriate terminology related to animal anatomy- explain the anatomy of the digestive system
-identify disorders of the digestive system
heterotrophs - organisms that need to eat food to obtain nutrients
(Autotrophs ---> produce their own food) -digestive system breaks down large complex
molecules into smaller components that cell can use
4 stages of digestion:1. ingestion - the taking in of nutrients 2. digestion - breakdown of complex organic
molecules into small components - food molecules must be broken down so they are
small enough to be absorbed into cells!
• mechanical digestion - physically breaking down food stuff
•chemical digestion - breaking the bonds that hold large complex molecules together to smaller components
-enzymes are needed
Vs.
As you watch the short video (made likely before you were born!) watch for information on mechanical and chemical digestion. - How are these two processes the same? different? - What are examples of each?
6
7
Create a VENN diagram to compare mechanical and chemical digestion.
8
Both breakdown
food Both part of
digestion
Breaks down food into small pieces of food.
Breaks down food molecules into smaller molecules.
Mechanical Chemical
No enzymes are needed.
Enzymes are needed.
Eg., teeth chewing food in mouth.
Eg., enzyme (amylase) breaking down starch in mouth.
3. absorption - the transport of nutrients into cells (This is why digestion needs to occur first!) 4 egestion - the removal of waste from materials
4 stages of digestion (cont’d):
NOTE: NOT to scale!
Inside of small intestine
Cells lining small intestine (both sides)
Small nutrients being absorbed into cells then into capillaries (not shown).
Digestion in Simpler Organisms
internal digestion • cells engulf food ---> vacuole ---> lysosomes
digest particles (phagocytosis) eg: amoeba
Digestion in More Complex
Organisms
Gastrovascular cavity digestion - Digestive sac with one opening (think about that for a
second!) - Food digests and is absorbed by a cells lining a cavity eg: Hydra
Digestion in more complex Organisms
Gastrointestinal Tract - = (digestive tube) - Mouth --> specialized region for digestion--> anus - humans have a gastrointestinal tract (basically our
digestive system is ‘just’ a tube!)
Assignment
Page 410 # 7, 8, 12, 13,15
Recommended