Introduc)on to System Engineering The SysML language Toward … · 2016-12-10 · AP-233, INCOSE,...

Introduc)ontoSystemEngineering

TheSysMLlanguage

TowardandintegratedMBSE

Conclusion

Acasestudy

2NicolasBelloir 11décembre2016

SystemEngineering

  NotSo5wareEngineering…

  …BeforeSo5wareEngineering!

  Ford1911

  AT&T1940

  USARMY1962

SystemEngineering

  NotSo5wareEngineering…

  …BeforeSo5wareEngineering!

  Inthedevelopmentprocess

So5.Eng.Oneofthesub-systems

AComplexSystem

  Setofhumanandmaterialelementscomposedofvarioustechnologies  Computer,Hydraulic,Electronic,…

  Integratedtoprovideservicestoitsenvironmentcorrespondingtothesystemfinality

  Interac)ngbetweenthemselvesandtheenvironment

AcomplexsystemisverydifferentfromasimplesoBwaresystem

Aerodynamics

Authorities

Avionics

Safety Regulations

Airlines

Propulsion System

Mechanical Structure

Environmental Impact

Navigation Communications

Human-Machine

Interaction

Multipleconcerns,

stakeholders, tools and methods

©B.Combemale

Aerodynamics

Authorities

Avionics

Safety Regulations

Airlines

Propulsion System

Mechanical Structure

Environmental Impact

Navigation Communications

Human-Machine

Interaction

Heterogeneous Modeling

©B.Combemale

SystemModeling

Requirements Functional and/or Behavioural Model

Ground Take Off

Landing Flying

Structural Model

Engine Flying Command

Brakes Flaps

Performance Model

Data Acquisition

Equations

Reactions

Other Engineering Analysis Models

Cost Model

Security Model

Business Model

SystemsofSystems

  Asystem  ShouldmanageinteracZonsbetweenparts

  Supportexpectedbehavior  Handleunexpectedones

SEpracZcesformodelingsystems

  SpecificaZons  RequirementDefiniZon  SystemDesign

  Analysis  TestPlans

Before*

Moving from Document centric To Model centric

Generatelotofwri)ngwork

Notadaptedtodiscusswithinamul)-domainteam

• 2001, Human Centrifuge, DO 178 B

•  Total documenation : 1.2 m hight

EasytoreadAdapted to numerous team

“neutral” language Only one source

DoesUMLgoodenoughformodelingsystems?

  UMLagoodbasis  DefactostandardinSo5wareEngineering  Providesalotofusefulconceptstodescribeacomplexsystem  Stableandextensible-canbeadaptedfortheSEneeds  Lotofavailabletools

  But…  LackofseveralkeyconceptsofSE  UMLvocabularyistoo«so5ware-like»tobeusedbySystemEngineers

  Toomanydiagrams(13differentkinds)

 =>SysML

TheSysMLlanguage

Conclusion

Acasestudy

SysML:idenZtycard

  Dateofbirth:2001!

  Currentversion:1.4(September2015)

  Parents  OMG/UML+INCOSE

  Leadingauthors  ConradBock  CrisKobryn  SanfordFriedenthal

SysML/UML

  RelaZonshipbetweenthetwo

SysML:who’sbehind

  Industry  AmericanSystems,BAESystems,Boeing,Deere&Company,EADSAstrium,Eurostep,IsraelAircra5Industries,LockheedMarZn,Motorola,NIST,NorthropGrumman,oose.de,Raytheon,Thales,…

  Toolvendors  ArZsan,EmbeddedPlus,Gentleware,IBM,MentorGraphics,PivotPointTechnology,SparxSystems,vitech,…

  OtherorganisaZons  AP-233,INCOSE,GeorgiaInsZtuteofTechnology,AFIS,…

UML:13diagrams(in2001)

SysML:13-7+2=9diagrams

Block Definition Diagram

Internal Block Diagram

Parametric Diagram

Requirement Diagram

SysMLdiagrams

17 Master Technologies de l'Internet - 2ième année 17

Same as UML

Modified from UML

SysMLdiagramframes

  EachSysMLdiag.representsamodelelement

  EachSysMLdiag.musthaveaDiagramFrame  Diagramcontextisindicatedintheheader:  Diagramkind(req,act,bdd,ibd,sd,etc.)

  Modelelementtype(package,block,acZvity,etc.)

  Modelelementname  Userdefineddiagramnameorviewname

  AseparatediagramdescripZonblockisusedtoindicateifthediagramiscomplete,orhaselementselided

SysMLdiagramframes(e.g.)

header

content

diag. type diag. name

SysMLstructurediagrams

  Package  BlockDefini)on  InternalBlock  Parametric

BlockDefiniZonDiagrams(bdd)

  Classesaredead…welcometoblocks!  Canbeanything(System,Hardware,So5ware,Data,Procedure,Facility,Person)

  SaZsfySystemsEngineers

BlockDefiniZonDiagrams(bdd)

  Compartments  ProperZes  OperaZons  Constraints  AllocaZons  Requirements

  Userdefined!

  BlocksDefiniZonDiagrams  DescriberelaZonsbetweenblocks(composiZons,generalizaZons…)

  InternalBlockDiagrams  Describeinternalablockstructurewithparts,portsetconnecteurs

BlockDefiniZonvs.Usage

SysMLPorts(cont.)

SysMLPorts(delegaZon)

  topreserveencapsulaZonofblock

  interacZonsatouterportsaredelegatedtoportsofchildparts

  portsmustmatch  samekind,type,direcZon,etc.

  connectorscancrossboundarywithoutrequiringportsateachlevelofnestedhierarchy

SysMLPorts(e.g.)

ParametricDiagrams(par)

  ToexpressconstraintsbetweenvalueproperZes  equaZons  supportforengineeringanalysis(e.g.,performance)  idenZficaZonofcriZcalperformanceproperZes

  ConstraintblockcapturesequaZons  Expressionlanguagecanbeformal(e.g.,MathML,OCL)

  ComputaZonalengineisnotprovidedbySysML

  Parametricdiagram  usageoftheconstraintsinananalysiscontext

Parametrics(e.g.1)

Parametrics(e.g.2)

SysMLbehavioraldiagrams

  UseCase  Sequence  StateMachine

  Ac)vity

StateMachineDiagrams(stm)

  FewmodificaZons

AcZvityDiagrams(act)

  Tospecify  controlledsequenceofacZons  theflowofinputs/outputs  control,includingsequenceandcondiZonsforcoordinateacZviZes

  Swimlanes  toshowresponsibilityoftheacZvity

AcZvityDiagrams(cont.)

  ImprovementsfromUML:

  conZnuousordiscreteflow

  controloperators  tostart/stopotheracZons

 OverwriteandNoBufferports  forconZnuousflows

 probabiliZesontransiZonsorparameters

AcZvityDiagrams(e.g.)

SysMLcross-cuongconstructs

  AllocaZon

  RequirementDiagrams

AllocaZon

  Generalrela)onshipbetweentwoelementsofthemodel

  DifferentkindsofallocaZon:  FuncZonality-component

  Logicalcomponent–physicalcomponent

  So#ware–hardware  …

  Usableinalotofdifferentdiagrams

  UsableundergraphicalortabularrepresentaZon

AllocaZon(e.g.)

  Useofswimlanes

NotaZonsamples

AllocaZonfromso5waretohardware

AllocaZonexplicitedecomportements

•  UZlisaZondesswimlanes(parZZons)

RequirementDiagrams(req)

  <<requirement>>allowstorepresentatextbasedrequirement  IncludesoneidenZfieridandsometextualproperZes  CanadduserdefinedproperZes  Canadduserdefinedrequirementcategories

  Requirementscanbe  decomposed  specialized

  RequirementrelaZonships  «deriveRqt»,«refine»  «saZsfy»,«verify»  «trace»,«copy»

RequirementDiagrams(e.g.)

RaZonalandProblems

RequirementsTables

ThefourpillarsofSysML

TheSysMLlanguage

Conclusion

Acasestudy

IntroducZon

  SysMLnotaZonandtoolsarenotenough

Documentation Tools

Requirements Tools

Analysis Tools

Collaborative Tools

SysML DOORS, Goal, … Doc2Gen, asciidoc, LaTeX, …

MatLab, Simulink, … Redmine, ModelBus, SVN, Git

Rhapsody, Topcased, …

Model-basedSystemsEngineering

“Model-basedsystemsengineering(MBSE)istheformalizedapplicaZonofmodelingtosupportsystemrequirements,design,analysis,verificaZonandvalidaZonacZviZesbeginningintheconceptualdesignphaseandconZnuingthroughoutdevelopmentandlaterlifecyclephases.”

INCOSESEVision2020(INCOSE-TP-2004-004-02,Sep2007)

TowardMBSE

  Model-BasedSystemEngineering  Ongoingandstressedwork  SupportedbyINCOSE  SystemEngineering2025,INCOSE,hKp://www.incose.org/docs/default-source/aboutse/se-vision-2025.pdf

TrendsofEmergingSystemProper)es

Needsof

  CollaboraZveengineering  FullysupportedMul)-desciplinaryengineering

  ArchitecZngComplexSystem  ArchitecZngwillincorporatedesignapproachesforsystemstoperformtheirintendedfuncZoninthefaceofchangingcircumstancesorinvalidassumpZons

  Systemarchitecture,designandanalysisisintegratedacrossdisciplines,domainsandlifecyclephasestoprovideasingle,consistent,unambiguous,systemrepresenta)on

Needsof

  SystemDesignInaSystemofSystemsContext  Techniquesforanalyzinginterac)onsamongindependentsystemsandunderstandingemergentbehaviorsinSoSmustbecomemature

  Requirementsmanagementwillevolvetoaddressmorediversestakeholders

  CyberSecurity  Cybersecuritymustbecomeafundamentalsystemavributethatsystemsengineersunderstandandincorporateintodesignsusingwell-idenZfiedstrategies

  requiresunderstandingtheboundaryofthesystemandanalyzingwhatporZonsofthatboundaryneedtobeprotected

Needsof

  SimulaZonandvisualizaZon  Modeling,simula)on,andvisualizaZonenablecomplexsystemunderstandingthathelpusanZcipateandverifysolu)onsandtheircostbeforebuildingthem.

  IntegratedModel-basedApproaches  Model-basedSystemsEngineeringwillbecomethe“norm”forsystemsengineeringexecuZon,withspecificfocusplacedonintegratedmodelingenvironments.

  Tools   SystemsengineeringtoolswillfacilitatesystemsengineeringpracZcesaspartofafullyintegratedengineeringenvironment

SysMLisaSpecificaZon

BeforeSysMLanalysis

©M.Ahamd,N.BelloiretJMBruel.«ModelingandverificaTonofFuncTonalandNon-FuncTonalRequirementsofambientSelf-AdapTveSystems».JournalofSystemsandSo[ware,Elsevier,volume107,pages50-70,sept2015.

SysMLisaSpecificaZon

SimulaZonwithArZsan

SysML2ModelicatransformaZon

An equation-based object-oriented language for modeling and simulation of physical systems

TheSysMLlanguage

Conclusion

Acasestudy

Conclusions

  SysMLis:  aspecificlanguageforcomplexsystems

  stronglyUML-Based  focusingonspecificaZonandfirstlevelanalysis

  SysMLisnot:  amethod

  justaUMLprofile

  sufficientinitself

Conclusions

  SysMLmightbecome

  IntegratedwithinacompletemulZ-domainengineeringtoolchain

  Atargetforrequirementsanalysisresults

  IncorporaZngnonfuncZonaltopicslikecyber-securityconcerns

  AcentralspecificaZonmodelintoamoregeneralSystemEngineeringapproach

 Model-baseddriven

Contact:nicolas.belloir@irisa.fr

TheSysMLlanguage

Conclusion

Casestudies:theAlarmClock

  AllfollowingdiagramswereextractedfromthePascalRoques‘sBook

RadioClockexample(cont.)

Requirements

Diagrammedecontexte

Casd’uZlisaZon

PascalRoques,«ModélisaZondesystèmescomplexesavecSysML»,Eyrolles

Contraintes

AllocaZons

Introduc)on to System Engineering The SysML language Toward … · 2016-12-10 · AP-233, INCOSE,...

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