Intro to Science

Intro to Science

Metric system and scientific notation

SI Units

SI Unit- ‘Standard International’

OR

Metric Unit

SI Base UnitsQuantity Unit Abbreviation

Length Meter m

Mass gram g

Time Second s

Temperature Kelvin K

Volume liter L

Volume (2nd) Cubic cm cm3

Length (SI unit = meter)

How long or how far something is:Length of objectWidth of objectsDistances

Mass (SI unit = gram)

The amount of matter (stuff) in an object

Sirius- a white dwarf star. 19,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg (A golf ball would weigh 2 tons on earth)

Volume (SI Unit: Liter)

Volume- how much space something takes up

Can be both liquids or solids

Metric PrefixesPrefix Symbol Multiple of

base unit

kilo- k 103

hecto- h 102

deka- da 101

deci- d 10-1

centi- c 10-2

milli- m 10-3

thousand

hundred

ten

tenth

hundredth

thousandth

USA compared to Metric

USA Metric

METRIC- Based on a Scale of TEN This makes it easy to convert units USA- Stubborn, still doesn’t use it…

Metric System Memes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdmz3O2lnMQ

Prefixes for grams

Milligrams (1 mg) (.001 g)

Grams (1 g)

Kilograms (1000g)

Mnemonic device for remembering prefixes

King (kilo) Hector (hecto) Drinks (deka)

Ultra (unit) Delicious (deci) Chocolate (centi) Milk (milli)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MekxJse2vgs

Bill Nye Clip

Converting: Step by Step process (100g to mg)

1. Write what you HAVE down (100g) 2. If there is no decimal, put it in (100.g) 3. Use the KHDUDCM mnemonic

Where you start Where you end up Find how many steps you moved over

4. Move decimal the number of steps and fill in zeros

Be sure to put NEW unit in (100000 mg)

Let’s try these together…

10 g = ________mg 100kg = _______g 21.3dag=_______g

10g=__________kg 100mg=_______g 21.3dg=_______g

Scientific Notation

Many quantities that scientists work with are very large or very small values. For example:

3,000,000,000,000,000,000 electrons’ worth of charge pass through a standard light bulb in 1 second

0.000000001 kg is the mass of ink used to dot an i in a textbook

Speed of Light

Speed of light: 300,000,000 meters/second

3.00 x 108 m/s

Size of solar system

45,000,000,000 kilometers

4.50 x 1010 kilometers

Scientific Notation (cont)

Scientific Notation is used to make numbers easier to read, write and keep track of.

Pointers: Positive exponents show a very large

number Negative exponents show a number smaller

than 1

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xz6cYr5tHe0

Format

# . # x 10 #

Coefficient

Exponent

Examples of positive notation

1. 12,300 = 1.23 x 104

2. 520 = 5.2 x 102

3. 1500= 1.5 x 103

Try these: 48 = 5,290=

Examples of Negative Notation

1. 0.0025 = 2.5 x 10-3

2. 0.800 = 8.0 x 10-1

3. 0.000901 = 9.01 x 10-4

Try these: 0.0008900= 0.00058 = .00000258 =