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8/12/2019 Intro Histo Male Genital
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HISTOLOGY DEPARTMENT
MEDICAL FACULTY
BANDUNG ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY
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1. Internal genitalia : testes ,Glands and ducts (produce
and transport the spermatozoa and the seminal fluid)
2. External genitalia : penis, scrotum
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Urethra
Penis
Corpus cavernosumof the penis
Corpus cavernosumof the urethra
Prepuce
Glans penis
Testicular lobules
Tunica albuginea
Tunica vaginalis
Tubuli recti Rete testis
Bladder
Prostate
Ampulla
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatoryduct
Ductus deferens
Ductusepididymidis
Ductuliefferentes
Epididymis
Mediastinumtestis
Bulbourethralgland
Diagram of the
male genital system
(shown in color).The testis and the
epididymis are
shown in different
scales than the
other parts of the
reproductive
system. Observe
the communication
between the
testicular lobules.
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Seminal vesicles
Prostate glands
Bulbourethral glands
Glands of Littre
2. Accessory Glands
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Convoluted seminiferous tubules
Tubuli recti
Rete testis
Ductuli efferentes
Ducts
1. Intratesticular ducts
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Penis and scrotum
External Genitalia
Ductus epididymidisDuctus deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra
2. Excretory Genital Ducts
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a. Tunica vaginalis
Double layered mesothelial sac, covers the
anterior surface of each testis
b. Tunica albuginea
Dense fibrous connective tissue capsule
Thickens along posterior surfacemediastinum testis
Testes
1. External Covering
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TESTES
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a. Septa : Extension oftunica albuginea, 250
lobules
b. Lobules
2. Internal Structure
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Each long : 40 –70 cm, convoluted, packed into small space.
The walls composed of 3 layers :
a. Tunica propria
Fibrous connective tissue + fibroblasts
Innermost layers : contractile myoid cells
Seminiferous Tubule
1. General Structure
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b. Basal lamina
Between tunica propria and seminiferous epithelium
c. Seminiferous epithelium
Spermatogenic cells
Sertoli cells
Seminiferous Tubule
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Diagram of the structure of part of a seminiferous tubule and
interstitial tissue. This figure does not show the lymphaticvessels found in the connective tissue.
Latespermiogenesis
Initial spermiogenesis
Meiosis
Basal lamina
Fibroblast
Interstitial cells
Cytoplasmicbridges
Earlyspermatids
Secondaryspermatocytes
Primaryspermatocytes
Spermatogonium
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SPERMATOGENESIS
These changes involve flattening of the nucleus, formationof an acrosome which resembles a large lysosome,
growth of a flagellum (tail) from the basal body,
reorganization of the mitochondria in the midpiece region,
and shedding of unneeded cytoplasm as a residual body.
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a. Spermatogonia
Small round cells,
near the basal lamina
Round nucleus +
Heterochromatin
2. Spermatogenic Cells
b P i t t
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b. Primary spermatocytes
Closer to the lumen thanspermatogonium
Largest germ cells
Large round nucleus, heterochromatin
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c. Secondary spermatocytes
Closer to lumen than primary spermatocytes
Half size
Rare
d Spermatids
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d. Spermatids
Products of second meiotic division
located next to the lumen.
Small cells :
Dark heterochromatic nuclei
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e. Spermatozoa
Result of spermiogenesis
In lumenLong flagella
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MesodermElongated, branched,pyramidal epithelialcells
Cytoplasmic enfolding
Bound tightly toneighboring
supporting cells
occluding junction.
3. Supporting Sertoli Cells
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Oval outline
Long 4 – 5 m
Mostly nucleus
2/3 anterior nucleus covered by acrosome
Structure of Mature Spermatozoa
1. Head
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Enveloped by plasma membrane
Middle piece : 5 – 7 m
mitochondrial arranged end to end inhelical sheath around flagellum
• Principal piece
• Outer fibrous sheath with dorsal andventral longitudinal columns• Flagellum
• End piece
Lacks fibrous sheath
2. Tail
I t titi l C ll (L di )
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Mesoderm
Secrete :testosterone
Vascular nests ofpale acidophilic cellsin loose connectivetissue between the
seminiferoustubules
Interstitial Cells (Leydig)
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Protects the developing sperm fromdamage by an autoimmune response. Thebarriers consists of a continuous belt of
junctional complexes joining the sertolicells at their lateral surfaces.
G. Blood – Testis Barrier
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From tubuli recti ejaculatory duct urethra
III. DUCT SYSTEM
A. Intratesticular Genital Duct
1. Tubuli Recti
Only Sertoli cells
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Dense connective tissue
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2. Rete Testis
Anastomosing networkMediastinum testis
Low cuboidal epithelium
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3. Ductuli Efferentes
Walls :
Epithelium
Simple cuboidal : absorb fluid
Ciliated columnar cells : Cilia sweep
spermatozoa
Smooth muscle
The ductules form the head of the epididymis
10 – 20 ducts
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SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, STRAIGHT TUBULES,RETE TESTIS AND DUCTULI EFFERENTES
1. Seminiferous
tubules
2. Straighttubules
3. Connectivetissue ofmediastinum
4. Rete testistubules
5. Ductuliefferentes(efferentductules
6. Rete testistubules
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Single, coiled 4 – 6 m long tube
Comprises the body and tail epididymis
Epithelium : pseudostratified columnar +stereocilia
Circular smooth muscle
Function : - Maturation of sperm
- Absorption
- Secretion (glycoprotein)
- Sperm storage
B. Excretory Genital Duct
1. Ductus Epididymidis
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1. Connectivetissue
2. Cross sectionsof the ductusepididymidis
3. Basementmembrane
4. Pseudostratifiedcolumnarepithelium withstereocilia
5. Sectionthrough of U-bend of theductusepididymidis
6. Epididymalwall cuttangentially
7. Smoothmuscle fibers
8. Stereocilia
9. Columnar cells
10. Basal cell
Ductus Epididymidis (Duct of the Epididymis)
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Straight tube with thickmuscular walls
Longitudinal mucosal fold
Pseudostratifiedcolumnar epithelial +stereocilia
Three layer smooth
muscle
Termination : ampulla
2. Ductus Deferens
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1. Outerlongitudinalmuscle layer
2. Circularmuscle layer
3. Innerlongitudinalmuscle layer
4. Nerve andblood vesselsin theadventitious
5. Lamina propria
6. Longitudinal crestof lamina propria
7. Epithelium
8. Adipose tissue
Ductus Deferens (Transverse section)
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Short 2 cm/long
Epithelium,pseudostratifiedcolumnar
Penetrates prostate
empty to prostaticurethra
3. Ejaculatory Duct
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SEMINAL VESICLE
PROSTATE GLAND
BULBO URETHRAE GLANDS (COWPER’S
GLAND)
LITTRE’S GLAND
IV. ACCESSORY GENITAL DUCTS
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Paired
Each consist of two highly coiled 15 cm long
tubes
Mucosa : highly folded
Pseudostratified low columnar epithelium
A. Seminal Vesicle
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Secretory product : thick yellowish liquid rich
in fructose
Make up 70% human ejaculate
Smooth muscle : underlying the lamina
propria
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Seminal Vesicle
4. Glandularepithelium
5. Primary fold inthe mucosa
6. Secondary folds
7. Lamina propria
1. Crypts in themucosa
2. Muscular coat
3. Adventitia
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B. Prostate Gland
Largest male accessory sex glands30 – 50 compound tubuloalveolar glands
The glands of the prostate are collected into
three major groups
Mucosal glands
Submucosal glands
Main glands
Drained by a discreteductal systemprostatic urethra
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Mucosa : folded, epithelium varies from tall
cuboidal to pseudostratified columnar.Produces : fluid, rich in citric acid and acid
phosphatase, amylase
Surrounded by fibroelastic capsule containingsmooth muscle capsule
Characteristic :
Corpora amylacea in lumen
Composed of glycoprotein calcified
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Submucosalglands
Diagram illustrating the position of the
prostatic glands
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4. Glandularepithelium
5. Ducts
6. Smoothmuscle fibers
7. Capillary andvenule
1. Prostaticconcretions
2. Glandularalveoli
3. Glandularducts
Prostate Gland
C Bulbo Urethral Glands
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Located within the musculature of the pelvicdiaphragm
Lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium
Their secretion consists of a clear, mucus-likematerial ducts empty into membranous urethra
C. Bulbo Urethral Glands(Cowper’s Glands)
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V PENIS
2 CORPORA CAVERNOSUS
CORVUS SPONGIOSUM46
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Two dorsal erectile cylinders
Deep arterySheathed by tunica albuginea (thickdense connective tissue)
Spaces of erectile tissue : largest inthe central region
V. PENIS
A. Consists of three cylindric bodies of spongyerectile tissue surrounded by a looseconnective tissue sheath and covered byhairless thin skin.
1. Corpora Cavernous
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Drawing of a transverse section of the penis
Corpus
cavernosumof the penis
Erectiletissue
Corpuscavernosum
of the urethra
Urethra
Dorsalarteries
Superficialdorsal vein
Deep dorsal
vein
Tunicaalbuginea
Deep artery
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Single, smaller
Ventral cylinder
Surrounded by a thinnerconnective tissue sheath
Expanded distal tip glanspenis
Spaces of erectile tissue :uniform size
2. Corpus Spongiosum(Corpus Cavernosum Urethra)
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