Intro Ducat Ion

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1 Air University 

Introduction to Programming 

Introduction Labsaqib.rasheed@mail.au.edu.pk

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³Introduction to

Computer Science and

Programming in C++´

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 What is Computer

Science?

Scientific study of computers.

³What can and can¶t computers do?´ ³If a computer can do something,

how can we do it efficiently?´

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What is a computer?

A device that executes a sequence of 

computations and instructions. Modern computers are electronic and digital.

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Program

³A precise sequenceof steps to

solve a particular problem´

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Critical Skills

Analysis

Critical Thinking Attention to Detail

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Design Recipe

To design a program properly, we must:

Analyze a problem statement, typically

expressed as a word problem

Express its essence, abstractly and with

examples

Formulate statements and comments in a

precise language

Evaluate and revise the activities in light of 

checks and tests

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PAY ATTENTION TO DETAIL

These skills are useful for 

anybody All assignments in this course

should follow the these

guidelines

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Computers are

STUPID

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Humans are

even more««.

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Think Reuse

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 Area of the Ring 

Outer Circle

Inner Circle

 Area of Inner Circle ____  Area of Outer Circle =  Area of the Ring

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T

hink Reuse Think User Interface

Comments liberally

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Books Ivor Horton¶s

Deitel & Deitel :± C++ How to Program

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Course Objectives

Objectives of this course are three fold

1. To appreciate the need for a programminglanguage

2. To introduce the concept and usability of 

the structured programming methodology

3. To develop proficiency in making usefulsoftware using the C language

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Course ContentsTo achieve our first two objectives we

will be discussing Basic Programming constructs and

building blocks

Structured programming Structured flowcharts, pseudo-code

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Course Contents

History of C Language

Variables and expressions in C Control structures and functions

 Arrays and Pointers

Dynamic memory  Allocation

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Course Contents File handling

Structures and Unions

Flavor of Object oriented programming

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Software Categories

System Software Application Software

Introduction to µC¶ Language

History

Evolution

Justification

Development Environment of µC¶

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There are two main categories of software

System software

Application Software

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GETTING STARTED

To write and run C++ programs, you need to have a

text editor and a C++ compiler installed on your computer.  A text editor is a software system that

allows you to create and edit text files on your 

computer. Programmers use text editors to write

programs in a programming language such as C++. A compiler is a software system that translates

programs into the machine language (called binary 

code) that the computer¶s operating system can then

run. That translation process is called compiling theprogram.  A C++ compiler compiles C++ programs into

Machine language

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 Tools of t

he trade

Editor 

Interpreter and Compilers

Debuggers

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Integrated Development Environment

(IDE)

It contains

Editor 

Compilers

Debugger 

Linkers Loaders

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Preprocessor program processes the code.

Loader puts program

in memory.

CPU takes eachinstruction and

executes it, possibly

storing new data

values as the program

executes.

Compiler creates

object code and stores

it on disk.

Linker links the object

code with the libraries

Loader 

Primary Memory

Compiler 

Editor 

Preprocessor 

Linker 

Primary Memory

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Disk 

Disk 

Disk 

CPU

Disk 

Disk Program is created in the

editor and stored on disk.