View
218
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
12-14 January 2010 1
AVIDICUS 2 Assessment of Video-Mediated Interpreting in the Criminal Justice Services
EU Criminal Justice Programme, Project JUST/2010/JPEN/AG/1558, 2011-2013
Interpreting strategies
in prosecution interviews
using ‘videoconference interpreting’
Joanna Miler-Cassino, Zofia Rybińska
TEPIS, Poland
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
Multilingual Videoconferencing in Legal Proceedings
Antwerp, 19th-20th April 2013
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Stage of the criminal procedure: pre-trial hearing of a witness
Three scenarios: • drug trafficking case • car accident case • credit card fraud case
Each scenario tested in three different settings: • Face-to-face
• VCI 1 (the prosecutor with the interpreter at one location, the witness at another location)
• VCI 2 (the prosecutor at one location, the witness with the interpreter at another location)
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES 2
12-14 January 2010 2
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
KEY ASSUMPTIONS
Real-life scenarios
Full course of a witness hearing from the beginning till the end (approx. half an hour)
Room arrangement and seating of the witness, the prosecutor and the interpreter
as in a real-life situation
Interpreters – licensed court interpreters with
interpreting experience to ensure good quality
3
4
TESTS SCHEDULE
Tuesday
12th January 2010
Wednesday
13th January 2010
Thursday
14th January 2010
SCENARIO 1
DRUG TRAFFICKING CASE
SCENARIO 2
CAR ACCIDENT CASE
SCENARIO 3
CREDIT CARD FRAUD CASE
Face-to-face
CI: A
Face-to-face
CI: R
Face-to-face
CI: M
VCI 1
(Interpreter with the Prosecutor)
CI: M
VCI 1
(Interpreter with the Prosecutor)
CI: A
VCI 1
(Interpreter with the Prosecutor)
CI: R
VCI 2
(Interpreter with the Witness)
CI: R
VCI 2
(Interpreter with the Witness)
CI: M
VCI 2
(Interpreter with the Witness)
CI: A
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
12-14 January 2010 3
MAIN HEARING ROOM
5 TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
6
VIDEOTERMINAL 1
CAMERA
42’ SCREEN
DVD RECORDER
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
12-14 January 2010 4
7
VIDEOTERMINAL 2
CAMERA
DOCUMENT CAMERA
17’ SCREEN
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
8
DOCUMENT CAMERA
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
12-14 January 2010 5
9
FACE-TO-FACE SETTING
INTERPRETER WITNESS
PROSECUTOR
THE SCREEN WAS OFF DURING THE HEARING
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
VCI 1 SETTING INTERPRETER WITH THE PROSECUTOR, WITNESS AT A REMOTE LOCATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES 10
INTERPRETER
WITNESS AT ANOTHER LOCATION
PROSECUTOR
12-14 January 2010 6
11
VCI 2 SETTING INTERPRETER WITH THE WITNESS, PROSECUTOR AT A REMOTE LOCATION
THE WITNESS AND THE INTERPRETER AT ONE LOCATION
THE PROSECUTOR ALONE AT ANOTHER LOCATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
12
STRATEGIES
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Analysis of strategies*
adopted by professional interpreters
in order to solve a problem
in reaching a communicative goal
*Strategy - a way of dealing with a specific communication problem
(Andrew Chesterman)
12-14 January 2010 7
13
STRATEGIES – SPELLING PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 3, Credit Card Fraud, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Prosecutor: Miejsce zamieszkania świadka.
Interpreter: Your current address.
Witness: 117 22nd Fyvie Avenue, New York.
Interpreter: 5 V Avenue.
Witness: Fyvie.
Interpreter: New York.
Witness: Fyvie Avenue.
Interpreter: 5 E Avenue, New York. OK. 117.
14
STRATEGIES – SPELLING PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Prosecutor: Imiona pani rodziców.
Interpreter: Your parent, your parents’ first names.
Witness: Arthur and Anna.
Interpreter: Artur i Ana.
12-14 January 2010 8
15
STRATEGIES – SPELLING PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 3, Credit Card Fraud, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Prosecutor: Nazwisko rodowe świadka. [Family name of the witness.]
Interpreter: [Eh] Your maiden name?
Witness: Hale.
Interpreter: Hill.
Recording Clerk: Jak to się pisze? [How do you spell that?]
Prosecutor: Heel.
Recording Clerk: Proszę przeliterować to. [Please spell that.]
Prosecutor: Proszę panią [Eh] tłumacz o przeliterowanie tego nazwiska jeżeli
moglibyśmy prosić, żeby nie było pomyłek w protokole. [I’d like the interpreter to
spell this surname if that’s alright, so there are no mistakes in the record. ]
16
STRATEGIES – SPELLING PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Continued …
Interpreter: [pointing to her notebook]: Is it spelled that way?
Witness: No, Hale, H A L E.
Interpreter: H ...
Witness: A L E.
Interpreter: L [Eh].
Witness: L E.
Interpreter: A.
Witness: L E.
Interpreter: That way?
Witness: No.
Interpreter: [passing her notebook to the witness] Can you write it please?
12-14 January 2010 9
17
STRATEGIES - RECOMMENDATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Recommendation:
whenever technically possible, it should be
recommended that in videoconferenced
interviews personal data taken during the
interview should be confirmed by foreign
language witness in writing and shown on the
document camera.
18
STRATEGIES – SOURCE TEXT PRODUCTION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 2, Car Accident, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Witness: [Eh] I think it was [Eh] I can’t exactly remember, but I was driving
from my pals. [Eh] I was heading [Eh] towards Warsaw, yeah, but I had
to go to Piotrków [Eh].
Interpreter: Excuse me you were heading to Warsaw from Piotrków?
Witness: No, I was heading from Katowice from my pals’. The road, I
think, is towards Warsaw, but I was going to Piotrków.
12-14 January 2010 10
19
STRATEGIES – SOURCE TEXT RECEPTION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 2, Car Accident, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Witness: [Eh] I saw the front nearside door was open. [Eh] There was a
woman there and...
Interpreter: Excuse me, front side door?
Witness: [Eh] Front nearside door.
Interpreter: Nearside. Nearside door, what’s which door is nearside?
Witness: Nearside door that’s the passenger’s ones and the offside
ones are the driver ones.
Interpreter: Exactly. So this is passenger’s, nearside. Passenger’s?
20
STRATEGIES – SOURCE TEXT RECEPTION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Continued …
Witness: Uhm.
Interpreter: Passenger’s door. Front passenger’s door?
Witness: Yes.
Interpreter: [Pointing to her notebook] Here? Passenger?
Witness: [Eh] The vehicle was just like this. So that was the front
and that was the rear. This door was open. The nearside door.
Interpreter: Thank you. Uhm.
12-14 January 2010 11
21
STRATEGIES – SOURCE TEXT RECEPTION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example (Day 2, Car Accident, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Witness: The front nearside door was opened.
Interpreter: [Eh] I [Eh] przednia część [Eh] przód samochodu [Eh] [Eh] był
otwarty. [And the front part, front of the car was opened.]
22
STRATEGIES – TARGET TEXT PRODUCTION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Example: (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Prosecutor: [Uhm] Proszę świadka w tym momencie [Eh] okażemy
świadkowi materiał poglądowy, materiał fotograficzny z wizer...
[ Now, we are going to show the witness evidence, photographic
evidence showing an ima...]
Interpreter: Now, we will present the chart...
Prosecutor: ...z wizerunk... z wizerunkami dziesięciu mężczyzn...
[ ...with an ima… with images of ten men.
Interpreter: With tiny images of ten men
12-14 January 2010 12
23
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Establishing the mode of interpreting
Example: (Day 2, Car Accident, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote B):
Prosecutor: Pani tlumacz proponował... [ I’d advise the interpreter...]
Witness: [Eh] Prosecutor: Przepraszam bardzo. Pani tłumacz proponowałbym, żeby pani tłumaczyła
[Eh] bardziej na bieżąco, ponieważ pewne rzeczy mogą, mogą uciec, że tak powiem z
pamięci. [ I do apologize. I’d suggest that you interpret more frequently,
because some things might escape, so to say, the memory. ].
Interpreter: So. OK. I need an interpretation break right now. OK?
24
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Turn taking (Interpreter)
Example: (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Prosecutor: Zgodnie z procedurą, z procedurą, z polską procedurą karną podpisy...
[ Pursuant to procedure, to procedure, to the Polish criminal procedure,
signatures...]
Interpreter: Pursuant to the Pol...pol...Polish criminal proce... Pursuant to the
Polish criminal procedure.
Prosecutor: ...protokół przesłuchania świadka winny podpisać osoby w niej
uczestniczące. [..the witness examination record should be signed by
persons participating in it. ]
Interpreter: This proto... protocol of hearing of the witness should be, should
be signed by all the, by all participating persons.
12-14 January 2010 13
25
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Turn taking (Prosecutor)
Example: (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-B: interpreter with witness, prosecutor remote):
Prosecutor: Dziękuję bardzo. proszę świadka czy świadek ma jeszcze coś do dodania w
sprawie? [ Thank you. Does the witness have anything to add in the case? ]
Interpreter: [Eh] Do you have anything... .
Prosecutor: W tej sprawie oczywiście. [ In this case of course.]
Interpreter: ...to add on your own in this matter?
.
26
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Turn taking (Witness)
Example: (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Prosecutor: Proszę świadka o okazanie dokumentu tożsamości, a pana informatyka
o okazanie go nam na naszym monitorze. [ May the witness present identity
document, and may the IT specialist show it to us on our screen please.]
Interpreter: Please show me...
Witness: My passport please...
Interpreter: Please show your identity document and Mr, and our IT
specialist will show us. This is the passport of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland. Number ABC113355.
.
12-14 January 2010 14
27
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Prompt to stop/continue
Example: (Day 1, Drug Trafficking, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Witness: [Eh] When I left the bathroom [Eh] someone knocked at our door and Joanna
opened the door and she let [Eh] in a man. [Eh] I didn’t know him and aft... She actually
introduced me to him. She was very friendly with him, so I thought they were friends. [Em]
She introduced him as a friend called Yasek or something like that. I’m not sure how to
pronounce it in Polish. I’m sorry. [Em]...
Interpreter: Interpretation break please.
[Eh] Właściwie wyszłam [Eh] z ł..., z łazienki [Eh] ktoś [Eh] za..., zapukał do drzwi.
Otworzyła Joanna. Wpuściła mężczyznę. Nie, nie znałam [Eh] go. Przedstawiła mi.
Wydawało mi się, że są [Eh] przyjaciółmi, był taką [Eh] bardzo przyjazną osobą. [Eh]
Wydaje mi się, że miał na imię Yasek, ale nie wiem czy jestem, czy moja wymowa
po polsku jest właściwa. Please continue.
28
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Taking control
Example: (Day 3, Credit Card Fraud, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Witness: [Eh] So in Warsaw we had [Eh] few hours to spare, so we decided why just
to sit at the airport, [Eh] so we decided to go and see the old town in Warsaw. So
that’s how we spent our time. So we got there and after few hours, I think two and a
half hours, [Eh] we came back to the airport.
Interpreter: Please, one moment please. [Eh] Po dotarciu do Warszawy, stwierdziliśmy,
iż skoro już tu jesteśmy to nie ma sensu, abyśmy siedzieli na lotnisko, że możemy zwiedzić
miasto. Udaliśmy się na stare miasto, gdzie spędziliśmy około dwóch i pół godziny. You
spent approximately two and a half hours at the old town? Just about that. OK.
Please resume. Please continue.
12-14 January 2010 15
29
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Taking control
Example: (Day 3, Credit Card Fraud, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Interpreter: Może po prostu przeczytam świadkowi cały protokół.
[ Maybe, I can just read the whole record to the witness.]
Prosecutor: No proszę bardzo.[By all means. ]
Interpreter: Będzie prościej. [It will be easier]
Prosecutor: Proszę bardzo. [Go ahead.]
30
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Awareness of what is going on in another location
Example: (Day 3, Credit Card Fraud, VMI-A: interpreter with prosecutor, witness remote):
Witness: What did he say?
Interpreter: [Eh] Prosecutor: Przesyłamy protokół drogą elektroniczną i poproszę świadka o podpisanie
protokołu. [ The record is going to be sent via email and I’d like the witness to
sign the record.]
Recording Clerk: [Indistinguishable words]
Prosecutor: [Indistinguishable words]
Interpreter: Now the protocol is being [Eh] sent to [Eh] us, to our place and
the Prosecutor also instructed me that when the protocol [Eh] is [Eh] [Eh]
when we already have [Eh] the protocol and when you sign [Eh] sign it,
you are also asked to [Eh] put.
12-14 January 2010 16
31
STRATEGIES
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Physical resolution
- seems to contribute to resolving some problems
- applied by interpreters:
passing a notebook to the witness for her to write down her name
gestures
change in posture: leaning closer towards the witness to hear her better
32
STRATEGIES - RECOMMENDATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Recommendation:
it should be recommended that in
videoconferenced interviews the mode of
interpreting and signals to be used should be
agreed before the commencement of the
interview
12-14 January 2010 17
33
STRATEGIES - RECOMMENDATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Recommendation:
it should be recommended that whenever
possible, the interpreter should be offered
documents for sight translation
34
STRATEGIES - RECOMMENDATION
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Recommendation:
it should be recommended that prosecutors
should make use of visual tools as an aid in
communication
12-14 January 2010 18
35
STRATEGIES - SUMMARY
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
The problems cited above may occur and do occur
during face-to-face interaction with the interpreter.
However, the frequency of at least some of these
problems seems to be noticeably greater in the
case of video-mediated interviews, when the
interpreter is separated from the foreign-language
speaking witness
36
POLISH SOCIETY OF SWORN AND SPECIALIZED
TRANSLATORS TEPIS
POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO TŁUMACZY
PRZYSIĘGŁYCH I SPECJALISTYCZNYCH TEPIS
ul. Krasińskiego 16 lok. 134 01-581 Warsaw Poland
phone/fax: +48 22-839-49-52
e-mail: tepis@tepis.org.pl
website: www.tepis.org.pl
Thank you !
TEPIS, POLAND AVIDICUS 2 - INTERPRETING STRATEGIES
Recommended