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Inter-Ethnic Crime Investigations in Kosovo. Ethnical Demography Pristina (Based on data from OSCE – January 2008). MUNICIPALITY OFPODUJEVE/PODUJEVO Population : estimated 130.000 - 99 % Kos-Alb Minorities : Roma and Ashkali living mainly in Podujevo city and around. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Inter-Ethnic Crime Inter-Ethnic Crime Investigations in KosovoInvestigations in Kosovo
Ethnical Demography Ethnical Demography PristinaPristina
(Based on data from OSCE – January 2008)(Based on data from OSCE – January 2008) MUNICIPALITY
OFPODUJEVE/PODUJEVOPopulation : estimated 130.000 - 99 % Kos-AlbMinorities: Roma and Ashkali living mainly
in Podujevo city and around
MUNICIPALITY OF PRISHTINAPopulation : estimated 500.000 from which 475.OOO Kos-AMinorities: K-Serb 12500, Roma and Ashkali 4550, Bosniaks and Gorani 450
MUNICIPALITY OF OBILICPopulation : estimated 30.000 – 25.000 Kos-Alb,.Minorities : 3.400 Kos-S, 550 Roma, 300 Ashkali and 70 Bosniaks
MUNICIPALITY OF FUSHE KOSOVOPopulation : estimated 30.000 – 85 % Kos-AlbMinorities : Kos-S 2800, Ashkali 3800, Roma 600, Egyptians 200, Bosniaks 40, Gorani 30
MUNICIPALITY OF LIPJANPopulation : etimated 76.000 – 83 % Kos-AlbMinorities : 9500 Kos-S, 1500 Ashkali, 360 Croats, 330 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF GLOGOC/GLOGOVAC
Population : estimated 73.000Minorities : None – mono-ethnic Kos-Alb community
Ethnical Demography Ethnical Demography Mitrovica/MitrovicëMitrovica/Mitrovicë
MUNICIPALITY OF LEPOSAVICPopulation : estimated 18600 of which 18000 SerbsMinorities : K-Alb 200, Bosniaks 240, 2500 IDP’s(internally displaced persons of which 230 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF VUSHTRRIPopulation : estimated 102.600, Minorities : 4000 K-Serbs, other minorities Turks, Roma, Egyptians, Ashkali and Circassians
MUNICIPALITY OF ZUBIN POTOK
Population : estimated 14900 with K-Serb K-Serbs (14000)Minorities : 800 K-Alb, 229 Croatian refugies
MUNICIPALITY OF SKENDERAJ/SRBICA
Population : estimated 72.600 with K-Alb majorityMinorities : 350 K-Serbs, 50 Ashkali, 15 Bosniaks
MUNICIPALITY OF ZVECANPopulation : estimated 17.000 large majority of K-Serbs (16.000) 350 K-Alb mainly in Boletin, Lipje and ZhanzhaMinorities : 250 Croatians
M/UNICIPALITY OF MITROVICA/MITROVICE
Population : South : 110000 with K-A majority and other minority groupsNorth : appr. 20000 of which 17000 K-S Minorities :South : Turks, Roma, Egyptians, AshkaliNorth : about 3000 of all the different communities
Ethnical Demography Ethnical Demography PejaPeja
MUNICIPALITY DE ISTOGPopulation : estimated 56000Minorities : 1650 Bosniaks, 40 Roma and about 2220 Egyptians. About 800 Serbs are living in Crkolez , Osojan and Suvi Lukavac
MUNICIPALITY OF KLINA/KLINEPopulation : estimated 55000Minorities : Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians, about 2000 in total. Between 200 and 400 K-S have returned to the region
MUNICIPALITY OF PEJA/PECPopulation : estimated 170.000 –K-Alb majorityMinorities : most K_Serbs are living in Gorazdevac (850) Bosniaks, Ashkali , Rolma and Egyptians living in rural areas
MUJICIPALITY DE DECANE/DECANI
Population : Estimated 40000 - K-Alb majorityMinorities : Egyptians, Roma and Bosniaks
MUNICIPALITY OF DJAKOVA/GJACOVICE
Population : estimated 150000 Minorities : 60 Bosniaks living in the town, Roma, Ashkali et Egysptians, about 8600
Ethnical Demography Ethnical Demography GjilanGjilan
MUNICIPALITY OF KAMENICE/KAMENICA
Population : estimated 63.000 – K-Alb 82 %Minorities : 17 % K-Serbs, 500 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF VITI/VITINA
Population : estimated 60.000 of which 56400 K-AlbMinorities : 3300 K-Serbs, 60 Croatians and 20 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF GJILAN/GJILANE
Population : Estimated 130.000 – K-Alb majorityMinorities : 11800 K-Serbs, 370 Roma, and a few hundred Turks
MUNICIPALITY OF NOVOBERDE/NOVOBRDOPopulation : estimated 3900 of which 61 % K-Alb and 31 % K-SerbsMinorities : Roma families living in Bostan village
Ethnic Demography Ethnic Demography PrizrenPrizren
MUNICIPALITY OF RAHIOVEC/ORAHOVAC
Population : estimated 73700 living mainly in rural areas and 23000 in town.Minorities : 550 Roma, 1300 K-Serbs
MUNICIPALITY OF MALISHEVE/MALISHEVO
Population : estimated 65.000 with a K-Alb majority (99%)Minorities : 65 Roma
MUNICIPALITY OF SUHA REKA/SUVA REKA
Population : estimated 80.000 majority of K-AlbMinorities :No K-Serbs, small community of Roma, 535 Ashkali
MUNICIPALITY OF PRIZRENPopulation : estimated 240.000 – K-Alb majorityMinorities : 22.000 Bosniaks, 9000 Turks, 5300 Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians, 30 K-Serbs living in the town of Prizren and 166 in different villages
MUNICIPALITY OF DRAGASHPopulation : estimated 41.000 K-Alb majority (66 %)Minorities : 33 % Gorani/Bosniak living in the Gora region
Ethnic Demohraphy Ethnic Demohraphy Ferizaj/UrosevacFerizaj/Urosevac
MUNICIPALITY OF SHTIMEPopulation : estimated 29.000 – K-Alb majorityMinorities : small number of K-Serbs
MUNICIPALITY OF FERIZAJ/UROSEVAC
Population : estimated 170.000 with K-Alb majority (160.000)Minorities : K-Ashkali 3750, Roma 260, Gorani 230, Bosniak 68, K-Serbs 70 and Turks 40
MUNICIPALITY OF KACANIKPopulation : estimated 43.000 Minorities : Some Roma and K-Serbs
MUNICIPALITY OF STREPCEPopulation : estimated 13600 with K-Serb majority (9100) and 4500 K-Alb Minorities : 37 Roma
Hate Crime/ Inter-Ethnic Hate Crime/ Inter-Ethnic CrimeCrime
Inter-Ethnic crimes are a branch of Inter-Ethnic crimes are a branch of the wider category of the wider category of Hate-Hate-motivated crimesmotivated crimes
Definition Hate CrimeDefinition Hate Crime
““Any criminal offence, including offences Any criminal offence, including offences against persons or property, where the victim, against persons or property, where the victim, premises, or target of the offence appear to be premises, or target of the offence appear to be selected because of their selected because of their real or perceivedreal or perceived connection, attachment, affiliation, support or connection, attachment, affiliation, support or membership of a membership of a real or perceivedreal or perceived group group identified according to its race, national, ethnic identified according to its race, national, ethnic or social origin, association with a national or social origin, association with a national minority or with a political group, language, minority or with a political group, language, color, religion, sex, age, mental of physical color, religion, sex, age, mental of physical disability, sexual orientation or other similar disability, sexual orientation or other similar factor”factor”
Law based definition Law based definition Inter-Ethnic crimeInter-Ethnic crime
Any criminal offenceAny criminal offence (against persons or (against persons or property)property)
Where the victim, premises or target of the Where the victim, premises or target of the offenceoffence
AppearAppear to be selected to be selected Because of their Because of their real or perceivedreal or perceived connection connection
attachment, affiliation, support or membershipattachment, affiliation, support or membership Of a Of a real or perceivedreal or perceived group group Identified according to its Identified according to its race, ethnic origin, race, ethnic origin,
association with a national minorityassociation with a national minority
Legal ProvisionsLegal Provisions
Law on Jurisdiction, Case Selection and Law on Jurisdiction, Case Selection and Case AllocationCase Allocation
Art 3.4Art 3.4 Art 11.1Art 11.1
Based on these articles hate crimes can Based on these articles hate crimes can be assigned to EULEX Judges and be assigned to EULEX Judges and ProsecutorsProsecutors
Legal ProvisionsLegal Provisions
Criminal Code of KosovoCriminal Code of Kosovo Art. 115Art. 115 Art. 116Art. 116 Art. 117Art. 117 Art. 147Art. 147 Art. 158Art. 158 Art. 260Art. 260
EULEX Inter-Ethnic EULEX Inter-Ethnic structurestructure
Crime Division
Strengthening Department
Operations BorderAdministration
Organised Criùme Inter-EthnicMajor Crime Criminal Analysis Forensics
Pristina (2)
Gjilane (2)
Prizren (2) Mitrovicë/Mitrovica (3)
Ferizaj/Urosevac (2)
Peja (2)
Tasks MonitorsTasks Monitors
All Police stationsAll Police stations Detecting PEMIsDetecting PEMIs Follow-up of PEMIs and Follow-up of PEMIs and
EMIsEMIs Reporting Reporting InterveneIntervene
UNMIK Definition UNMIK Definition PEMIPEMI
Vulnerable ethnic groupVulnerable ethnic group Offender unknown or from Offender unknown or from
different ethnic groupdifferent ethnic group Circumstances disclose no Circumstances disclose no
likely, ethnical-neutral motivelikely, ethnical-neutral motive
EULEX IE APPROACHEULEX IE APPROACH
DEFINITION PEMIDEFINITION PEMI
Every incident in which members of Every incident in which members of two or more ethnic groups are two or more ethnic groups are involved, offences with unknown involved, offences with unknown offender against persons or property offender against persons or property of minoritiesof minorities
EULEXEULEX - database- database
Victims StatisticsVictims Statistics
Victims according to their nationality during these years
Albanians 8 20 46 49 86 43 29 8 43
Serbs 4 32 119 74 407 121 165 54 33
Boshnjaks 1 4 6 9 21 30 4 0 3
Roma 0 3 11 3 33 27 0 0 2
Others 1 15 21 17 352 15 1 0 3
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Statistics - ProblemsStatistics - Problems
Type of penal acts per year
Vrasje 5 3 5 1 18 2 1 0 0
Sulm 3 22 53 43 34 57 24 12 32
Zjarvenje 0 5 2 7 495 13 0 0 0
Vjedhje 1 7 8 5 36 41 1 0 0
Demet Kriminale 1 16 59 48 127 37 17 6 21
Kanosje 0 14 42 48 72 0 13 4 8
Te tjera 4 6 25 0 97 60 6 2 7
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
PEMI versus EMIPEMI versus EMI
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
FromAugust2005
2006 2007 1st half of2008
Incidents affecting minority communities versus PEMI/EMI
Incidents
EMI/PEMI
# of cases according to victims # of cases according to victims ethnicityethnicity
57%29%
7%
0% 7%
K -Albanians K -Serbs K -BosniansK -Roma K -Others
EULEX StatisticsEULEX StatisticsJanuary till April 2009January till April 2009
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Mitrovica
Peja
Prizren
Ferizaj
Gjilan
Prishtina
TOTAL
Statistics Statistics Mitrovica/MitrovicëMitrovica/Mitrovicë
January till April 2009January till April 2009
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Mitrovica
Mitrovica
Kosovo Police Kosovo Police EvaluationEvaluation
IE crimes are dealt with in the same way IE crimes are dealt with in the same way as any other crimeas any other crime
No specific structure or assigned officersNo specific structure or assigned officers Investigations are generally well Investigations are generally well
conductedconducted Problem : no cooperation of populationProblem : no cooperation of population Recognizing of IE Crimes/recording as Recognizing of IE Crimes/recording as
suchsuch UnderreportingUnderreporting
RESPECTED RESPECTED AUDIENCE!AUDIENCE!
Questions ?Questions ?
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