View
39
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
Insights into Uganda’s Current Education System. Mary Goretti Nakabugo Mary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Ireland goretti.nakabugo@mic.ul.ie / gnakabugo@yahoo.co.uk Presentation to the Centre for Global Development through Education - Ireland April 2009. Presentation Content. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
1
Insights into Uganda’s Current Education System
Mary Goretti NakabugoMary Immaculate College, University of Limerick, Irelandgoretti.nakabugo@mic.ul.ie / gnakabugo@yahoo.co.uk
Presentation to the Centre for Global Development through Education - Ireland
April 2009
Presentation Content
1. Some facts about Uganda
2. Synopsis of the school system
3. Learners in the system
4. Teachers in the system
5. Teacher Education (Primary)
6. Teacher Education (Post Primary)
2
UgandaColonial History: Independence from UK 9 Oct 1962
Population: 32 million people (expected to double in 20 yrs)
Age structure: 0-14years (50%); 15-64 years (49.9%);
65 years ++ (2.1%) (high dependency rate)
Urbanisation: 13% of the total population – most schs rural
Life expectancy:
Total population: 52.72 years; Male: 51.66 years;
Female: 53.81 years
Total fertility rate: 6.77 children born/woman
Ethnic groups: Several: Baganda 16.9%; Banyankole 9.5%; Basoga 8.4%; Bakiga 6.9%; Iteso 6.4%l Langi 6.1%; Acholi 4.7%; Bagisu 4.6%; Lugbara 4.2%; Bunyoro 2.7%; other 29.6%
Religions: Catholic 41.9%; Protestant 42% (Anglican 35.9%, Pentecostal 4.6; Seventh Day Adventist 1.5%); Muslim 12.1%; other 3.1%, none 0.9%) [religious bodies’ great influence on education]
Languages: English is the official language, Luganda widely spoken, there ther are 33++ native languages and dialects spoken by the different ethnic groups [mother tongue policy]
Literacy: age 15++ can read and write: Total population (66.8%); male (76.8%); female (57.7%)
Labour force: Agriculture (82%); Industry (5%); Services 13%) – Burden of sustaining the social infrastructure, including education – dependence on external funding
3
4
Uganda’s Education SystemEducation level
Cycle Award Progress opportunities
Pre-primary (not mandatory
2 years - Primary Education
Primary 7 years (ages 6-12)
Primary Leaving Examination (PLE)
Lower Secondary/Technical School
Lower secondary (ordinary level)
4 years(ages 13-16)
Uganda Certificate of Education (UCE)
Upper Secondary (A-level)/PTCTechnical Institute
Upper Secondary (A-level)
2 years(ages 17-18)
Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education (UACE)
UniversityOther higher education training institutions
University 3-5 years(ages 19-21++)
Diploma/Degree
Postgraduate studies
Note: Progression through the different levels depends on performance in examinations (there are 3 national examinations before tertiary education…)
Primary Schools by Ownership (MoE&S statistical abstracts, 2007)
5
Ownership No. of schools % of schools
Government 11,654 79.1
Private 2,029 13.8
Community 861 5.8
Not reported 184 1.2
Total 14,728
Primary schools by founding body
Founding body No. of schools % of schools
Church of Ug. 4904 33.30%
Catholic 4561 30.97%
Parents 1762 11.96%
Entrepreneurs 996 6.76%
Islamic 915 6.21%
Government 663 4.50%
Others e.g. 660 4.48%
SDA 185 1.26%
Not reported 82 0.56%
Grand totals 14,728
Primary Schools by location
School location No. of schools % of schools
Rural 11,801 80.1%
Peri-urban 1,757 11.9%
Urban 908 6.2%
Not reported 262 1.8%
Grand totals 14,728
Learners in the prim ed. sector
Gender No of learners %
Male 3,779,338 50.137%
Female 3,758,633 49.862%
Total 7,537,971 (compared to 3.4 m in 1996)
Gender parity almost achieved at primary levelNon-completion and dropout rates high E.g. proportion of children successfully completing P.7 reduced from 72% in 2000 to 51% 2005 ) (MoE&S 2005). Reasons: Educ free, but there are other costs; conflict areas… Transition from primary to secondary quite low. i.e. 68.6% of those completing primary, transition to secondary: 69.7% male & 67.4% female) – Might improve with the introduction of USE.
Trends in Quality indicators of primary education - 2000 to 2005
Indicator Source of Data
Actual 2000
Actual 2001
Actual 2002
Actual 2003
Actual 2004
Actual 2005
(i). Percentage of pupils reaching defined level of competency in literacy at (a) Primary 3 (b) Primary 6
NAPEUNEB
18%13%
N/AN/A
N/AN/A
34.3%20.5%
N/AN/A
38%30%
(ii). Percentage of pupils reaching defined level of competency in numeracy at (a) Primary 3 (b) Primary 6
Source: EMIS, 2005
39%41%
N/AN/A
N/A N/A
42.9%20.5%
N/AN/A
41%33%
9
Teachers in the prim. Ed. sector
In total 152,086 teachers The majority are male: 92,345 (60.7%) and
59,741 (39.3%) female teachers With 7,537,971 learners in the system, the
teacher-pupil ratio is approximately 1:50 (including untrained teachers in the system)
Primary teachers by qualificationQualification Total
Licensed Teachers 9,651
Grade II Teachers 2,103
Grade III Teacher (min. qual) 99,095
Grade IV Teachers 1,802
Grade V Teachers 7,175
Graduate Teachers 2,992
Other training e.g. BA, M,A, PhD)
1,197
Diploma in primary 22,430
Not stated 5,641
Total 152,086
The primary sch. curriculum The Thematic Curriculum has been developed for P.1 to P.3. Focus is
on improving pupils' performance levels in literacy, numeracy and life skills.
The policy recommends the use of local language as a medium of Instruction and that English be taught as a subject.
For P.4 to P.7, the local language selected by the school authority is taught as a subject.
The medium of Instruction Is English language.
Subjects: English, Kiswahili (optional) Local Languages (optional) Agriculture and Integrated Production Skills, Social Studies, Religious Studies, Mathematics; Integrated Sciences Information Communication Technology, Performing Arts and Physical Education(PAPE)
However, the PLE focuses on English, Mathematics, Science & Social Studies, and this tends to drive what is taught and assessed in schools
Secondary Schools by ownership
Ownership No. of schools % of schools
Government 877 33.2%
Private 1,254 47.4%
Community 485 18.3%
Not reported 28 1.1%
Total 2,644
Rural = 55.6% Peri-urban = 28% Urban = 1.9%
Secondary schools by founding body
Founding Body No. of Schools % of schools
Government 142 5.37%
Islamic 120 4.54%
Church of Ug 460 17.40%
Catholic 458 17.32%
SDA 38 1.44%
Parents 404 15.28%
Entrepreneurs 777 29.39%
Others 210 7.94%
Not reported 35 1.32%
Total 2,644
Some more facts about secondary education Total learners (954,328)
Male (517,254) Female (437,074)
Total Teachers (50,767) Male (39,520) Female (11,247)
Teacher-student ration (1:19) – superficially
Minimum qualification A-Level + 2-year diploma in education from NTC (O-Level trs) A-Level + 3-year university training (A-Level trs)
Secondary teachers by educ. level
Level Male Female Total
PhD 37 05 42
Masters 858 344 1202
Graduate 10,315 3,420 13,735
PGD 1384 363 1747
A-Level + cert./Dipl
13,741 3,779 17,520
A-Level 2123 313 2436
O-Level – Cert. / Dipl
256 85 341
O-Level 109 25 134
Not stated 9560 4050 13,610
Total 38,383 12,384 50,767
Secondary school curriculum
Core-subjects: English, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Geography, History.
Other subjects: literature In English, Religious Education, Music, Art, Agriculture, Technical Drawing, Wood work, Metal work, Business Education, Home Economics, Clothing and Textiles, Food and Nutrition.
Apart from the core subjects, schools are given opportunity to identify other subjects that they can handle In terms of human resources, Infrastructure and instructional materials.
Teacher Education
Primary: 47 PTCs in total (2 private, 45, Govt)
(Entry is O-Level, pass MTC, Eng & 2 science subjects)
Secondary: 6 NTCs (1 Private, 5 public) for those who do not qualify for university teacher training after A-Level
28 Universities (5 public, 23 private)
18
2-year PTC Curriculum
General Education (academic knowledge; integrated production skills; communication skills)
Professional Education [foundations of education and School Practice – lasting 12 weeks of supervised teaching and school experience
Community service i.e. evidence of engagement in community activities during SP
Note: With the introduction of the thematic curriculum in primary education, a new PTC curriculum is being piloted…
19
3-year Secondary Tr. Training
Content of 2 teaching subjects (Arts or Sciences)
FED (comparative education, sociology, philosophy, economics, history of Educ, Educ Admin…
Curriculum, Teaching & Media Educational Psychology School Practice lasting 16 weeks (8 in year 2
& 8 in year 3)20
Conclusion
Teachers of different qualifications would have different needs & impact – difficult to ensure standardised quality
Schools in different locations, majority in rural areas – the most remote ones hardly attract qualified teachers
Founding body & ownership (implications e.g. teacher motivation and professionalism)
The influence of exams in the system is massive Any intervention would need to consider these realities
e.g. many issues to consider while forming research groups
21
Recommended