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INFRAHUMANIZATION. Process by which group members tend to associate more human attributes to members of the ingroup than the outgroup. Multiculturalism and infrahumanization - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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INFRAHUMANIZATION
Multiculturalism and infrahumanization
In today's multicultural society, ethnic minorities may be infrahumanized as they are perceived as not being socially integrated.
Research has shown that Roma Gypsies are infrahumanized across Europe. (Perez, Chulvi & Alonso, 2001)
Underlying aim: To examine the source of this infrahumanization between majority and ethnic minorities, and apply to it the current political gridlock both in Congress and in the blogosphere.
Process by which group members tend to associate more human attributes to members of the ingroup than the outgroup
“We’re humans; they’re animals!” Primary & secondary emotions (Leyens et al)
Primary emotions are common to animals and humans (e.g. anger, surprise, fear, and disgust), while secondary emotions are exclusively human (e.g. nostalgia).
Primary emotions attributed to both in-group and out-group
Secondary emotions to in-group only
Research question
Research question: Does computer-mediated communication (CMC) between members of opposing groups lead to greater evidence of infrahumanization than face-to-face communication?
InfrahumanizationProcess by which group members tend to associate more human attributes to members of the ingroup than the outgroup
Primary Emotions: anger, fear, sadness, joy Secondary emotions: sorrow, admiration, fondness
Effect of infrahumanization is diminished when the outgroup is established as individuals rather than group members
Infrahumanization H1: more infrahumanization toward outgroup than ingroup
H2: less infrahumanization when describing individual partner than group
SIDE
When social identity is salient, and members are visually anonymous, partners relate on the basis of the group.
More likely to stereotype More likely to conform to norms Overattribution
Infrahumanization and CMC
H3a: more infrahumanization in CMC than FtF when describing outgroup
H3b: less infrahumanization in CMC than FtF when describing ingroup
Pilot Data: Word Matrix Survey of 48 words we conducted in class to help us determine the status of each word used in the actual study.
Pilot Data: The Survey
Primary vs. Secondary
Looked at 3 Categories of Words*: Animal/Human Words
Examples: Educated, Civilized, Criminal
Emotion Words Examples: Hopeful, Optimistic, Disenchanted
Moral Words Examples: Virtuous, Righteous, Praiseworthy
*We tested 12 words in each category plus an additional 12 filler words to arrive at 48 total.
Humanness vs.Valence
Methodology Grade Obama Admin (e.g A+, B, C+, etc.)
CMC Instant Messaging vs. Face-To-Face
Democrats/Liberals v. Republicans/Conservatives Group identity made salient Eliciting of Emotions Evaluation
Methodology Word Choice Paradigm Choose words that describe outgroup
Choose words that describe partner
Preliminary Results For our purposes today, eight words matter
Uniquely human emotions: •hopeful, optimistic, resentful, disenchanted
Uniquely human descriptors: •civilized, educated, folksy, criminal
Preliminary Results Counting these words created the “uniquely human” score we are using for this study
High scores indicate high ratings of uniquely human qualities
Preliminary Results Evidence of infrahumanization? Yes.
H1:
more infrahumanization
toward outgroup than
ingroup
H2:
less infrahumanization
when describing
individual partner
than group
Preliminary Results How people viewed their partners
H3a: more
infrahumanization
in CMC than FtF
when describing
outgroup
H3b: less
infrahumanization
in CMC than FtF
when describing
ingroup
Preliminary Results How people viewed their ingroup
Preliminary Results How people described the outgroup
Preliminary Results | Trends Whom we talk to influences how “human” we rate groups
Preliminary Results | Trends Medium matters, especially for intergroup situations
Two participants after
talking face to face:
“We’re friends now.”
One participant after
talking via CMC:
“Was I even talking to a real person?”
Preliminary Results Limitations
Sample size (n=15, so far) 10 Minute Time Party balance:
•13 Democrats•2 Republicans (3 actually, but one resulted in spoiled data that was discarded)
Future Research/Analysis
Far-reaching implications in the way we interact as a society.
Ensuing biases - “us" & "them”
Human as a social identity
How did valence pan out in this study?
What is the underlying role of morality judgments in infrahumanization?
Contact Information
http://theingroup.wordpress.com/
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