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Information system and itstypes
Section(IA):
Amal Awadh 3151075
Eman Majed 3151262
Bashayr Abdullah 3151151
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What is information system?1. An information system consists of three components: human, task,application system. In this view information are defined in the threelevels of semiotics. Data which can be automatically processed bythe application system correspond to the syntax-level. In contextwith an individual who interprets the data they become information,which correspond to the semantic-level. Information becomeknowledge, when an individual knows (understand) and evaluates
the information (e.g. for a specific task). This corresponds to thepragmatic-level
2. A system, whether automated or manual, that comprises people,machines, and/or methods organized to collect, process, transmit,and disseminate data that represent user information
3. RAW DATA + PROCESS = MEANINGFUL INFORMATION. Thisconcept where Raw Data which has hardly any meaning isProcessed and the Outcome which results in Meaningful informationis simply understood as the Information System. For example addingof two numbers. The two numbers are just Raw Data that meannothing for a start but the addition process when applied to the two
numbers will result in a meaningful answer. Thus Informationsystems are born where systems are created and put into place to
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Why study Information Systems?
Information systems arecritical to business, andplay a central role insupporting strategic,operational, managerial,
and financial objectives.. Our Information Systems
graduates have beenemployed by the likes ofMcKinsey, Dimension Data,
SARS, KPMG, Deloitte,Standard Bank and Oracle,to name a few. Solutionsdesigner
APPLICATIONS OFINFORMATION SYSTEM
Sales analysis,
2. Product Pricing,
3. Sales and inventory
processing andaccounting System
4. Geographic Informationsystems
5. Health Care Information
Systems
6. Banking InformationSystem
7. Petroleum Refining System
8. Power Generation System9. Steel Production S stem
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Types of Information Systems
1-Transaction Processing System (TPS)
2-Management information system (MIS)
3-Decision support system (DSS)
4- Office Automation Systems (OAS)
5- Communication Systems
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A computerized system that performs and
records daily routine transactions necessary to
the conduct of the business
TPSs are information systems that process data
resulting from the occurrence of business
transactions
Example: payroll system; production instructions
Transaction Processing System
(TPS)
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Transaction Processing System
(TPS)
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provides information for managing an organization Extract and summarize data from TPSs
Allow managers to monitor & direct theorganization
Provide accurate feedback
Provide pre-specified reports on a scheduled basis
Top makmanagers make strategic decisions-
Middle managers make tactical decisions-Line managers e operations decisions-
-Knowledge workers create and integrate knowledge
- Clerical workers use and manipulate information
Management information system
(MIS)
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Decision support system (DSS)
an interactive information system thatprovides
information, models, and data manipulation
toolsto help make decisions in semi-structuredand
unstructured situations
Support analytical work
Simulation and Optimization
Online analytical processing (OLAP)
Executive information system (EIS(
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Office Automation Systems(OAS)
Help people perform personal record
keeping, writing, and calculations
efficiently Main types of tools include:
o Spreadsheet programs
Text & image processing systemso Personal database systems and note-
taking system
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Communication Systems
I. Sharing information in many differentforms
II. Teleconferencing
III. Audio conferencingIV. Audio-graphic conferencing
V. Videoconferencing
VI. E-mail, Voice Mail, and FaxVII. Instant Messaging and Chat
VIII. Groupware
IX. Intranets and Extranets
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Advantages and disadvantages of aninformation system?
A good information system allows the user toaccess, understand and respond toinformation quickly and effectively.Whenever necessary, users can get themost accurate information needed to do anactivity. A good information system alsooffers users a variety of ways to change
and present information, as well as performdifferent tasks.
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Advantages and disadvantages of aninformation system?(cont)
Information systems may not always functionproperly. This happens for a number ofreasons. Systems break down, interruptingsmooth operations and causing customerdissatisfaction. For instance, customersmay be charged for the wrong services orfor merchandise that they did not order.
Also, defective information systems candeliver the wrong information to othersystems, which could create furtherproblems for the company and its customer.
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Information System and technologies
Information System and technologies have become a vitalcomponent of successful businesses and organizations.
Information System means an interconnected set ofinformation resources under the same direct managementcontrol that shares common functionality. A system normallyincludes hardware, software, information, data, applications,communications and people, while an information system isthe arrangement of people, data, processes, presentation ofdata and information technology that supports our everydayneeds. It is actually technologically implemented medium for
recording, storing, and disseminating linguistic expressions,as well as for drawing conclusions from such expressions.The computer technology is used for implementinginformation systems.
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Thank you
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