Infectious Arthritis in Dogs

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Arthritis in canines

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10/3/2015 Infectious Arthritis in Dogs

https://www.vetinfo.com/infectious­arthritis­in­dogs.html 1/4

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 DOGS > ARTHRITIS / BONE AND JOINT DISEASE 

Infectious Arthritis in Dogs

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Infectious arthritis in dogs, which is also known as septic arthritis, isa type of arthritis that is caused by an infection in the fluid and tissuesof a joint. It’s considered an inflammatory joint disease, unlikeosteoarthritis which is classified as a degenerative joint disease.Inflammatory arthritis can affect either one joint or multiple joints, andit is usually recognized by signs of systemic illness such as fever,anorexia and stiffness in the limbs and joints.

Causes of Infectious Arthritis

Bacteria are one of the most common causes of infectious arthritis indogs. Tick­borne diseases like Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever canintroduce the bacteria that leads to infectious arthritis. Bacteria canalso enter your dog's body through gum disease. Because of theconnection between bacterial arthritis and gum disease, checkingyour dog’s teeth and gums regularly can be an effective way to avoidarthritis caused by infection. Viruses and fungal infections can alsocause infectious arthritis but bacterial sources are the mostwidespread and also the most diverse.

Types of Bacterial Arthritis

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10/3/2015 Infectious Arthritis in Dogs

https://www.vetinfo.com/infectious­arthritis­in­dogs.html 2/4

 

L­Form bacterial arthritis – L­form bacteria are bacteria that haveno cell walls. This distinction makes them difficult to treatbecause certain antibodies, such as penicillin, are not effectivebecause they work by attacking the cell walls of bacteria.

Rickettsial arthritis ­ Rickettsial arthritis is contracted after beinginfected with rickettsia or rickettsia­like organisms through tickbites. Common tick­borne diseases that produce rickettsialarthritis are Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and canineehrlichiosis.

Spirochetal arthritis ­ Spirochetal arthritis  is caused bysphirochetes, a spiral­shaped class of bacteria. This type ofbacteria causes both Lyme disease and Relapsing Fever.

Viral Arthritis

A viral infection can occasionally cause a post­viral infection thatresults in joint pain because of the immune system attacking jointswhile in the process of fighting the invading virus. Considered a post­viral infection, this type of arthritis usually only lasts for about a weekbut could last longer, depending on the type of virus that caused theinfection.

Fungal Arthritis

Fungal arthritis is a rare complication of a systemic fungal infection.Some of the most common fungi associated with this disease are:

aspergillus terreus

sporotrichum schenckii

cryptococcus neoformans

blastomyces dermatiditis

coccidioidomycosis immitis

Symptoms of Infectious Arthritis

While infectious arthritis can affect multiple limbs, it usually affectsonly a single joint. Symptoms can include:

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10/3/2015 Infectious Arthritis in Dogs

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Deformity Correction, Nonunion,

fever

pain

loss of appetite

depression

Physical signs to watch for are:

limping

reluctance to walk or climb stairs

difficulty rising from a resting position

difficulty finding a comfortable resting position

crying or whimpering for no apparent reason

Treating Infectious Arthritis

Infectious arthritis can be difficult to diagnose because clinical signsmight not indicate a specific cause during the early stages of thedisease. Proper treatment requires identifying the microorganismsinvolved so the proper antibiotics, anti­viral drugs, or anti­fungal drugscan be used.

Physical signs, joint fluid analysis, radiography, and microbiologytesting are performed to determine both the type of arthritis and thetreatment to be used. Arthroscopic surgery can also be performed toremove the infected synovial fluid and reduce the swelling andpressure on the joint.

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