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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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Infection Control in Paramedic Services
JenniferAmyotteCommanderof CommunityParamedicine&ProfessionalStandardsCityofGreaterSudburyParamedic Services
HostedbyGregBruceCountyofSimcoeParamedicServices
www.webbertraining.com October 26, 2017
Disclosure
Idisclose,Ihavenopotentialordirectconflictofinterest.
Thispresentationcontainsmyobservations,knowledgeanddoesnotnecessarilyreflecttheopinionsofmyemployertheCityofGreaterSudburyParamedicServices.
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
2
OverviewChallengesParamedicKnowledgeResearchPointofCareRiskAssessmentPersonalProtectiveEquipmentMovingForwardQuestionsReferences
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Challenges
Hereisaplaceholderforthetext.Thecoinsonthispagecanberemoved.Youmaydeletethistext.
Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
3
Challenges Expectedrapid“turnaroundtime”togetbackintoservicefollowingtransferofcareatED.
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Spaulding Classification System
Studieshavedeterminedbacterialpathogensinambulancesonsamplecollectionsgrewskinandenvironmentalflora.
ParamedicsandhealthcareworkersmaycarrystaphaspartofskinflorainfactastudypublishedinJEMSOctober2015determinedParamedicsare10xhigherriskofcarryingMRSAiftheydon’twashtheirhandsafterremovingtheirgloves.Thehigherrateofcolonizationthanthenormalpopulationcanleadtothebacteriabeingfoundinambulances 6
Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
4
Cleaning ProcessEstablishedprocess/policy
Checklist,cardsforreferenceProperproduct
Cleantodirty
UsePPEasrequired
Nospraybottles
Ensurewetcontacttimeasperproductrequirements
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Paramedic KnowledgeCanada:formalinCollege,InOntarioapprox.4-6hrsbriefeducationbasedonNationalOccupationalCompetencyProfile(NOCP)forParamedics
ServiceProviders:Limitedtimetoprovideongoingtraining,varieddependingontheservice,operationaldemandandcurrentfocusieEbola,H1N1,SARSOntariomandatory:“DesignatedOfficers”
IPACCANADAVeryfewserviceshave“InfectionControlPractitioners”orstaffmembersCertifiedinInfectionControl“CIC”
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
5
Research AustralianJournalofParamedicine(2017)NigelBarr,MarkHolmes,AnneRoiko,WilliamLord
Statedrelativelylittleresearchabouttransmissionofpathogensinpre-hospitalsetting.ConcludesthatthemobileparamedicenvironmentpresentsuniquechallengestoproviderecommendedIPCpractices,andtargetedresearchintostaffcomplianceisrequiredtoidentifybarriersandenablerstoincreasetheuptakeofIPCpractices.
Reportssuggestparamedicshavelimitedunderstandingofinfectiousdiseasethatmaydemonstratepoorcompliancewithinfectionpreventionandcontrolprotocolswhencaringforpatients.
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EMS Provider Compliance with Infection Control Recommendations is Suboptimal
•StudydoneinUSA.•PublishedinPrehospitalEmergencyCare2014•ObservationalstudyinlargeED•423EMSdeliveriesobserved•899providers•Useofglovesin512(56.9%)•Handwashingobservedin250(27.8%)•Equipmentdisinfections31.6%•Mostcommonlydisinfecteditemwasthestretcher
DeterminationIPACpracticesuboptimalandstrategiesmustbedevelopedtoimprovecompliancewithestablishedrecognizedguidelines
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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Aseptic procedure always possible in Paramedic Practice? Aseptic/no touchBestpracticeIVpalpatevein,HH,cleanthesite,letskindry30seconds,prepareequipment,HH,dongloves,DONOTREPALPATEVEIN,insertcannula,securewithsterileopsite,
Emergencysituationssituationrequiringmaypreventallstepsbeingtaken.
IntheUKmedicsnotifystaffsocannulacanbereplacedASAP(within24hrs)
EmergencyIntubationinthefieldwithaspirationpriororduringprocedureincreasesriskofVAP.HighestinTraumapatients.AmericanStudy2015
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Point of Care Risk AssessmentPurpose: toassessandreduceriskoftransmissionofmicroorganismsanddetermineappropriateactions/precautionspossiblePPErequirestoprovidesafeinteractionwithpatientand/orenvironment:WHATISMYPURPOSE/TASK?• Doneasapproachingpatient– lookforpossiblerisksofexposuretoblood,bodyfluids,excretions,secretions,mucousmembranes,nonintactskin.• Performhandhygienebeforetouchingpatientordonningglovesifrequired• VerbalARIrisktoolasrequired- newcough/SOB,chills/feelfeverish,travelhistory• Lookforrashes,hx diarrhea,vomiting,drainingwounds/cellulitis 12
Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
7
Point of Care Risk Assessment• Determineifrequirecontactand/ordropletprecautions- fluidsplash,respiratorysecretions• Donagownifuniformislikelytobecomecontaminatedduringdirectpatientcareorfromenvironment• Ensuretoperformhandhygiene•Ensuretopre- notifyreceivingfacilityiftransportingpatientwithsuspectedcommunicabledisease
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PPE
• Designedtogooverscrubs,canpresentachallengetomedics• Usedasabarriertoassistinpreventingexposure• Mustbereadilyaccessible• Mustbeappropriatesize• Shouldbeputonjustbeforeinteractionwithpatientbasedonpointofcareriskassessmentand/orsignageknowledge(ie.transfer)• SelectionofPPEdependsonmodeoftransmission
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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PPE• Wheninteractionwithpatientisconcluded,PPEshouldberemovedanddiscardedappropriately
• ContaminatedPPEmustNEVERbewornindriver’scab
• RegulareducationandreviewofdonninganddoffingofPPEmustbeprovided
•FittestingofRespiratorsrequired,paramedicsmustbetrainedinuse
•Gowns/coveralls– considerfluidresistant•Eyeprotection- personalissueand/ordisposable
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Gloves•Paramedicsoftenwearglovesfora“wholecall”onlychangingifrippedorvisiblysoiled
•DONOTwearglovesforroutinehealthcareactivitiesinwhichcontactislimitedtointactskinofpatient
•Weargloveswhenitisanticipatedthatthehandswillbeincontactwithmucousmembranes,non-intactskin,tissue,blood,bodyfluids,secretions,excretions,orequipmentenvironmentalsurfacescontaminatedwiththeabove
GLOVESARENOTREQUIREDONEVERYCALL
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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PPE Enhanced Precautions
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Moving Forward Ø CanadianParamedicServicesStandardsReport2014–IdentifiedIPACasoneofthetop5priorityareasasastrategicrecommendationforthepathforward
ØReviewyourprogramwithInfectionControlStandards–IPAChasoneforCanadaalsoanAudittoolkitforPrehospitalformembers
Ø ImmunizationProtocolsforallfirstrespondersstartingwithParamedics
Ø FurthertheeducationofparamedicsandincreasenumberofInfectionControlProfessionalsinservices
Ø IncreasenetworkofParamedicICPs,Canada,USA–potentialofPrehosptialInterestGroupgloballyØ IfyoudonothaveserviceexpertiseseekassistancefromIPACCanada,LocalHospitalICPs,PublicHealth
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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References1. NationalOccupationalCompetencyProfileforParamedics
Area3:Health&Safety3.3f2 RoutinePractices&AdditionalPrecautionsinallHealthcare
SettingsPublicHealthAgencyCanada2013
3 RoutinePractices&AdditionalPracticesinallHealthcareSettingsPublicHealthOntario2012
4 AqualitativeexplorationofinfectionpreventionandcontrolguidanceforAustralianparamedicsAustralianJournalofParamedicinevolume14/Issue3/Article
5 EMSProviderCompliancewithInfectionControlRecommendationsisSuboptimalPrehospitalEmergencyCareVolume18,2014– Issue2
6 PrehospitalAspirationisAssociatedwithincreasedPulmonaryComplicationsSurgicalInfectionsApril7,2015
7 ExposureofEmergencyServiceWorkerstoInfectiousDiseasesProtocolProvinceofOntario2008
8 EnvironmentalCleaningandDisinfectionforEmergencyVehiclesIPACCanadaPracticeRecommendations– May2014 19
References9ARationalApproachtoAmbulanceCleaningandDisinfection
PracticesMaryAnnMillerJackWagnerApril2014
10. BestPracticesforEnvironmentalCleaningforPreventionandControlofInfectionsinallHealthcareSettings-2nd editionPublicHealthOntario- PIDACMay2012
11. Self-reportedbehaviorsandperceptionsofAustralianparamedicsinrelationtohandhygieneandglovingpracticesinparamedic-ledhealthcareAJICJuly2017
12. IPACCanadahttps://ipac-canada.org/about-ipac-canada.php
13. CanadianParamedicServicesStandardsReport:StrategicPlanningReportParamedicStandardsSteeringPanelMarch2014
14. InfectionPreventionandControlProgramStandardsIPACCanada
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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Questions?jennifer.amyotte@greatersudbury.ca
Thankyou
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Infection Control in Paramedic ServicesJennifer Amyotte, City of Sudbury Paramedic Services
Webber Training Teleclass
Hosted by Greg Bruce, County of Simcoe Paramedic Serviceswww.webbertraining.com
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