ICDL SoCal Inst Communication - J. Feder

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Receptive and Expressive

Communication

The Quickest of Surveys of the

back side of the FEDL

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The theme: What if?

� For each of these examples on these lists

� I try to think of what it looks like

� What new ability it reflects for the child� And what it looks like if it isnt there

� And examples of that too

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Response to the Sounds, Gestures and Verbal 

Communication

(in back and forth reciprocal interactions forcommunication)

1. Orient to the auditory source in the environment (auditory figure ground). (0-2 mo)*

2. Attune to key tones in anothers vocalizations. (0-2 mo)3. Respond to key gestures in another interaction. (2-4 mo)

4. Respond to key words in another interaction. (4 7 mo)

5. Switch auditory attention back and forth between self and others (self monitor,other monitor & integration) (5-8 mo)

6. Follow directions (record # ___). (simple 8 10- mo roll it to me!; more and morecomplex with age)

7. Understand questions (simple 11-15 mo What do you want? Ba! Oh, ok youwant the ball!, complex 18-36 mo)

(how, who, what, where, when, what if, if then).

8.Engage in conversations with abstract ideas (36-48 mo, i.e. symbolic and logicalsocial problem solving)

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Ages of stages disclaimer

� Approximations

� Based on experience

� And reading� And open to discussion, correction,and

clarification

�(To paraphrase Bone McCoy: Im a psychiatrist,not a speech and language therapist!)

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1. Orient to the auditory source in the

environment (auditory figure ground).

(0-2 mo)*

� Babies can do this mom vs. stranger

� People with ADHD do this constantly

inability to suppress orienting

� What if you dont orient?

� What if you cant discriminate whats

important?

� What if you cant organize your head to move?

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2. Attune to key tones in anothers

vocalizations. (0-2 mo)

� oooooooo.. vs. ooooooooo!

� Think about Chinese, and other languages,

where tone conveys concrete meaning.� Now think about the emotional tone that

vocalizations always convey.

And what if you cant do this?

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3. Respond to key gestures in another

interaction. (2-4 mo)

� A visual thing

� Or tactile

� Again, there is emotional tone in these� And these convey more specific meaning, over

time

�But at this point it is figure-ground

� And if the child cant do this?...

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4. Respond to key words in another

interaction. (4 7 mo, and beyond)

� Sweetie!

� Heres daddy!

� No! (Dont put you finger in the socket, youcrawling baby)

� What does it look like if the child cannot do

this?

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5. Switch auditory attention back and forth

between self and others (self monitor, other

monitor & integration) (5-8 mo)

� Makes possible anticipatory games such asback and forth cooing; helpful in peek a boo

too

� When the child cannot do this, there is noorganized reciprocal auditory based

communication� May need to support development using more

modalities, e.g. tactile

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6. Follow directions (record # ___). (simple 8

10- mo roll it to me!; more and more complexwith age)

� Processing and comprehending auditory information

� This has a behavioral feel to it

� but compliance is important, just not as important as engagement

� this is about basic comprehension

� Remember that affect plays a key role in comprehension

� And every time is different, because the affect in a situation is NEVER thesame twice

But the factual comprehension of a command should have robustcognitive stability

� And you do not have this cognitive stability of auditory processing, you donot comprehend and you do not do it, and people become frustrated withyou for ailing to comply.

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7. Understand questions (simple 11-15 mo

What do you want? Ba! Oh, ok you want

the ball!, complex 18-36 mo)

� Critical to supporting a childs capacity to initiate

� Gives the child the freedom to express desres in a

supportive environment

� What happens if the child cannot understand?

� What happens if the adults do not give the child

an opportunity to initiate?� Increasing complexity: how, who, what, where,

when, what if, if then.

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8.Engage in conversations with abstract ideas

(36-48 mo, i.e. symbolic and logical social

problem solving)

� Here it is the holy grail of therapy

�And we have so many people who cannot do thisbut can talk at us.

� Dont be fooled.

� Look for the shared meanings of words early on

� Be careful that you arent filling the logic for the

child.

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U se of Vocalizations, Gestures, Words and 

Language for Communication

(in back and forth reciprocal interactions forcommunication)

1. Mirror vocalizations with the intention to communicate [2-4 mo]

2. Mirroring gestures with intention to communicate. [2-4 mo]3. Intentional use of unique non-verbal gestures to convey intentions. [4-6mo]

4. Intentional use of affective tones and sounds to convey intentions. [4-6 mo]

5.Uses single meaningful words to convey intentions, actions and desires. [8-14 mo]

6. Uses two word phrases meaningfully. [18- 26 mo]7.Uses sentences meaningfully. [20 36 mo] DANGER

8. Uses phrases and sentences in back and forth exchanges with a logical flow.[26 48 mo] DANGER

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1. Mirror vocalizations with the intention

to communicate [2-4 mo]

� Coos back while looking

� Babies are only sometimes in a state in which they cancommunicate

� But they need to be able to sometimes

� And if they cant do this, what do you think it lookslike?

� A mother whos baby isnt cooing backthink aboutthat

� If mother is depressed, will people notice?� Will the baby have less of this developing if she is not

stimulated?

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2. Mirroring gestures with intention to

communicate. [2-4 mo]

� When is it mirror neurons firing e.g. with

sticking out ones tongue, and when is it true

intent to communicate?� Does the baby laugh? (multimodal).

� And if the baby cant gesture?

� Notice, again, the overlap with other areas visual, postural, executive function, etc.

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3. Intentional use of unique non-verbal

gestures to convey intentions. [4-6 mo]

� Now the baby can make up his own games and

meanings and he often invents drop the bottle

� Think about what the absence of this would look

like.

� Could the baby co-create a relationship?

� Will we allow the baby to use these? What if wedont because they are not what we expect as

appropriate?

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4. Intentional use of affective tones and

sounds to convey intentions. [4-6 mo]

� Ever hear a baby sing a sigh to get you to dosomething?

� And if the baby is unable to do this, unable to useher voice to let you know how she feels?

� Will she feel frustrated? Misunderstood?

� Will her inability to communicate affect and ourresultant inability to understand her rob her of the experience of feeling understood and thusimpede her ability to develop empathic capacity?

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5.Uses single meaningful words to convey intentions,

actions and desires. [8-14 mo]

� Amazing power at a distance

� Will we allow him to express this andexperience that power?

� And, again, what if he is unable to pull out aword to express himself?

� (Psychiatrists note: Topamax and some other

medicines can rob people of word finding)� Child development for dummies: 18 words by

18 months

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6. Uses two word phrases meaningfully.

[18- 26 mo]

� Child development for dummies: two words by twoyears

� Exponential increase in power: cat bite!

� Specificity of communication, clarity of communication, and affective expressiveness

� It is enough for most guys communication most of thetime

� If it isnt there, if it doesnt happen, what do you have?

� Think of your adolescent or adult clients who have onlysingle words, and how impaired they are because theycannot put two words together

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7.Uses sentences meaningfully.

[20 36 mo] DANGER

� The ability to participate in fantasy in a more robust,symbolic manner you can be a princess, or asuperhero

� And when it isnt there, it is very hard to engage insymbolic solutions to problems

� Sentences, even if present, arent always meaningful

� They might have been trained

� They could be perseverating at you, without it serving areciprocal purpose per se (COMMON ERROR)

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8. Uses phrases and sentences in back and forth

exchanges with a logical flow. [26 48 mo]

DANGER

� The sine qua non of social problem solving capacity makes true negotiation of issues possible

� Such abilities are not always present it is a dynamicability all people lose this ability at times, e.g, whenunder stress (think about when you have beenirrational even in adult life)

Failure to develop leaves a person unable to truly dealwith reality in a manner that allows a person to stepback, solve the problem, and take reasoned action

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DMIC 400.

Language Disorders with Compromises in.

401. Self Regulation and Interest in the World (0-3 months)

401.1 In Comprehension

401.2 In Production

401.3 In Both

402. Forming Relationships: Affective Vocal Synchrony (2-7 months)

402.1 In Comprehension

402.2 In Production

402.3 In Both

403. Intentional Two Way Communication (8-12 months)

403.1 In Comprehension

403.2 In Production

403.3 In Both

404. First Words: Shared meaning in Gestures and Words (12-18 months)

404.1 In Comprehension

404.2 In Production

404.3 In Both

405. Word Combinations - Sharing Experiences Symbolically (18-24 months)

405.1 In Comprehension

405.2 In Production

405.3 In Both

406. Early Discourse - Reciprocal Symbolic Interactions with Others (24-36 months and beyond)

406.1 In Comprehension

406.2 In Production

406.3 In Both

each characterized by seven modalities:

shared attention; affective engagement; reciprocity; shared intentions; shared forms and meanings; sensory processing and audition; motor planning,including oral-motor functioning

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