Human Circulatory System. Structure and Function Lesson 1

Human Circulatory Human Circulatory SystemSystem

Structure and Structure and FunctionFunction

Lesson 1Lesson 1

Do NowDo Now

Hold one arm straight up in the air, Hold one arm straight up in the air, keeping the other arm down at your keeping the other arm down at your side for 1 minuteside for 1 minute

Compare both your handsCompare both your hands What do you notice about the hand What do you notice about the hand

you held up compared to the one at you held up compared to the one at your side?your side?

TransportTransportLife function by which Life function by which

human beings absorb human beings absorb and distribute the and distribute the materials necessary to materials necessary to maintain life.maintain life.

““Closed system” with one Closed system” with one muscular pumpmuscular pump

HeartHeart(4 chambers)(4 chambers)

Network of blood vessels Network of blood vessels

ArteriesArteriesCarry blood Carry blood AWAYAWAY

from the heart – to from the heart – to body tissuesbody tissues

Thick walled & elasticThick walled & elastic contain cardiac contain cardiac

muscle tissuesmuscle tissues these muscles enable these muscles enable

the artery to maintain the artery to maintain blood flow via rhythmic blood flow via rhythmic contractions = contractions = pulsepulse

VeinsVeinsCarry blood Carry blood TO TO the heart – away from the heart – away from

body tissuesbody tissues- thin walled and less elastic- NO muscle tissues- muscles surrounding the veins contract to squeeze blood through veins- One way valves – prevent backflow within the veinif the veins are defective the blood flows back and veins dilate (varicose veins)

CapillariesCapillariesConnectConnect arteries to veinsarteries to veins smallest vessels with thin wallssmallest vessels with thin walls only one cell thickonly one cell thick diffusion occurs through the walls of diffusion occurs through the walls of

capillaries into cellscapillaries into cells branch from the ends of small arteries branch from the ends of small arteries

and carry oxygenated blood to all tissues and carry oxygenated blood to all tissues in the bodyin the body

Types of CirculationTypes of Circulation

1)1) Systemic ♥ Systemic ♥ aorta aorta to body to body systems systems veins veins ♥ ♥

2)2) Pulmonary ♥Pulmonary ♥pulmonary artery pulmonary artery lungs lungs pulmonary vein pulmonary vein ♥♥

3)3) Coronary – supply blood to the Coronary – supply blood to the heart itselfheart itself

Lymphatic SystemLymphatic SystemCarry lymph to and from Carry lymph to and from

body tissuesbody tissues all cells are suspended in all cells are suspended in

ICF = intracellular fluidICF = intracellular fluid contain valves (similar to contain valves (similar to

veins) to aid in movementveins) to aid in movement place where lymph vessels place where lymph vessels

are enlarged and gathered are enlarged and gathered in masses = lymph nodes in masses = lymph nodes at specific parts of the at specific parts of the bodybody

contain phagocytic white contain phagocytic white blood cells that attack and blood cells that attack and destroy bacteria in lymphdestroy bacteria in lymph

Do NowDo Now

Watch the Brain Pop video Watch the Brain Pop video Circulation and complete the Circulation and complete the multiple choice worksheetmultiple choice worksheet

Circulation!Circulation!

HomeworkHomework

Circulatory System vocabulary Circulatory System vocabulary definitionsdefinitions

The HeartThe Heart

Lesson 2Lesson 2

Do NowDo Now

Make your best guesses on the Make your best guesses on the “Graphs, Stats and Numbers” “Graphs, Stats and Numbers” WorksheetWorksheet

The Human HeartThe Human Heart Size of your fist Size of your fist Center of the chest – (slightly to the Center of the chest – (slightly to the

Left)Left) ““pump” made of muscle = pump” made of muscle =

myocardiummyocardium membrane enclosing it = membrane enclosing it =

pericardiumpericardium

4 Chambers4 Chambers Atria = Right atrium/Left atriumAtria = Right atrium/Left atrium

(upper)(upper)

Ventricles = Right ventricle/Left ventricleVentricles = Right ventricle/Left ventricle(lower)(lower)

ValvesValves

Tricuspid – RA & RVTricuspid – RA & RV

Mitral – LA & LVMitral – LA & LV

** The heart is a double ** The heart is a double pump*pump*

Flow of BloodFlow of Blood Veins Veins Superior and Inferior Vena Superior and Inferior Vena

Cava Cava Right Atrium Right Atrium * Tricuspid valve * Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Right Ventricle Lungs (to get Lungs (to get oxygen) **oxygen) **via the pulmonary valve to the via the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery pulmonary artery

** In the lungs the blood passes through ** In the lungs the blood passes through capillaries, where gas exchange occurs capillaries, where gas exchange occurs by oxygenating blood and removing by oxygenating blood and removing CO2 from the bloodCO2 from the blood

blood then returns via the pulmonary blood then returns via the pulmonary vein vein Left Atrium Left Atrium Left Ventricle Left Ventricle Aorta Aorta ** via the aortic valve** via the aortic valve

http://medtropolis.com/VBody.asphttp://www.edumedia-sciences.com/a387_l2-circulatory-system.html

Right side of the Right side of the heart receives O2 heart receives O2 deficient blood and deficient blood and transports it to the transports it to the lungs lungs

picks up O2picks up O2

* Left side of the * Left side of the heart receives O2 heart receives O2 rich blood and rich blood and transports it to the transports it to the bodybody

In class assignment In class assignment

Watch the online simulation of the Watch the online simulation of the flow of blood through the heartflow of blood through the heart

Heart cycleHeart cycle

““Label it” worksheetLabel it” worksheet

HomeworkHomework

Heart multiple choice worksheet Heart multiple choice worksheet Heart cycle worksheetHeart cycle worksheet

HeartbeatHeartbeat

Lesson 3 Lesson 3

Do NowDo Now

Vocabulary WorksheetVocabulary Worksheet

For each heartbeat:For each heartbeat: Systolic pressureSystolic pressure is peak pressure is peak pressure in the arteries, which occurs near in the arteries, which occurs near the beginning of the cardiac cycle the beginning of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are contracting. when the ventricles are contracting.

Diastolic pressureDiastolic pressure is minimum is minimum pressure in the arteries, which occurs pressure in the arteries, which occurs near the end of the cardiac cycle near the end of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are filled with blood. when the ventricles are filled with blood.

Heartbeat Heartbeat

contractions = systolecontractions = systole relaxation = diastolerelaxation = diastole

SS 120 120

BP = ---- = ----BP = ---- = ---- (normal BP)(normal BP)

DD 80 80

Blood PressureBlood Pressure Force exerted by circulating blood Force exerted by circulating blood

on the walls of blood vessels on the walls of blood vessels The pressure of the circulating The pressure of the circulating

blood blood decreasesdecreases as blood moves as blood moves through arteries, arterioles, through arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins.capillaries and veins.

Heart valves open and close Heart valves open and close heart heart sounds like “lub dub”sounds like “lub dub”

**Abnormal blood flow through the **Abnormal blood flow through the heart = murmurheart = murmur

Pacemaker – triggers heart beatPacemaker – triggers heart beat EKG (electrocardiogram) – measures EKG (electrocardiogram) – measures

voltages through the heartvoltages through the heart coronary arteries to heart musclecoronary arteries to heart muscle

heart soundsheart sounds

Heartbeat or pulse is influenced by Heartbeat or pulse is influenced by drugs, exercise and illnessdrugs, exercise and illness

Ex: high BP, low BP, physical Ex: high BP, low BP, physical activity, obesity, ephedrine, drugsactivity, obesity, ephedrine, drugs

** Exercise increases the heart rate ** Exercise increases the heart rate to increase blood flow to muscles to increase blood flow to muscles and deliver more O2and deliver more O2

Disorders of the Disorders of the Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular System

Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis

StrokeStroke

Heart AttackHeart Attack

HypertensionHypertension

In class assignment In class assignment

The Heartbeat game!The Heartbeat game!

HomeworkHomework

Chapter 23 Study Guide CirculationChapter 23 Study Guide Circulation Case Study: Heart AttackCase Study: Heart Attack

BloodBlood

Lesson 4 Lesson 4

Do NowDo Now

Blood cycle worksheetBlood cycle worksheet

BloodBlood Liquid tissue Liquid tissue 55% 55% plasmaplasma = clear liquid = clear liquid

90% water90% water10% nutrients, salts, hormones, 10% nutrients, salts, hormones, wastes and proteinswastes and proteins

45% 45% Cells = Cells = 3 types 3 types

Red blood CellsRed blood Cells – RBC – RBC

- very numerous- very numerous- disc shaped- disc shaped- no nuclei- no nuclei- contain - contain hemoglobinhemoglobin – red pigment, – red pigment, carries O2carries O2- live for 120 days – need to be made all the time- live for 120 days – need to be made all the time- requires Fe (iron) to make hemoglobin- requires Fe (iron) to make hemoglobin*not enough Fe = Anemia (decreased RBC’s)*not enough Fe = Anemia (decreased RBC’s)* Sickle cell anemia = genetic disease – * Sickle cell anemia = genetic disease –

abnormal hemoglobin causes cells to sickleabnormal hemoglobin causes cells to sickle

White Blood CellsWhite Blood Cells – protect the – protect the body from disease = defendersbody from disease = defenders

- fewer in # than rbc’s- fewer in # than rbc’s - have a nucleus- have a nucleus - larger than rbc’s- larger than rbc’s - phagocytize bacteria- phagocytize bacteria - made in bone marrow and lymph- made in bone marrow and lymph * Leukemia – cancer caused by increased * Leukemia – cancer caused by increased

productionproduction

Platelets – Platelets – small, noncellular small, noncellular components of blood components of blood

** important to ** important to clottingclotting

ICF – ICF – Intracellular fluid – rich in salts Intracellular fluid – rich in salts ICF drains from tissues within ICF drains from tissues within lymphatic vessels, where it is known lymphatic vessels, where it is known as lymphas lymph

In class assignmentIn class assignment

Watch the Brain Pop video “Blood”Watch the Brain Pop video “Blood” Complete the matching worksheetComplete the matching worksheet

HomeworkHomework

Blood definitions and multiple choice Blood definitions and multiple choice worksheetworksheet

Blood TypesBlood Types

Lesson 5Lesson 5

Do NowDo Now

Around the world worksheetAround the world worksheet

Blood GroupsBlood Groups

ABO classificationABO classification

Blood TypeBlood Type AntigenAntigen AntibodyAntibody

AA AA Anti-BAnti-B

BB BB Anti-AAnti-A

ABAB A&B A&B nonenone

OO NoneNone Anti-A/Anti-B Anti-A/Anti-B• Rh factor=Rh factor=+ + (85%)(85%) OR OR – – (15%) is another (15%) is another

antigenantigen

Blood TransfusionsBlood Transfusions

Blood TypeBlood Type Donate toDonate to Receive Receive fromfrom

AA A & AB A & AB A & O A & O

BB B & AB B & AB B & O B & O

AB AB (universal recipient)(universal recipient) ABABA,B,O,ABA,B,O,AB

O O (universal donor)(universal donor) A,B,AB,O A,B,AB,O OO

In class assignmentIn class assignment

Brain Pop video “Blood Types”Brain Pop video “Blood Types” Multiple Choice worksheetMultiple Choice worksheet ““You’re My Type”You’re My Type”

HomeworkHomework

Vocabulary worksheetVocabulary worksheet What’s your blood type? OR what is What’s your blood type? OR what is

your parents blood type?your parents blood type?

Heart Rate Lab Heart Rate Lab

Lesson 6Lesson 6

In class assignmentIn class assignment

Heart Rate Lab ActivityHeart Rate Lab Activity

HomeworkHomework

Complete the Heart Rate LabComplete the Heart Rate Lab