Human Body Unit Part IX/XIII. New Area of Focus: The Excretory System New Area of Focus: The...

Human Body Unit

Part IX/XIII

NGSS 3-5

NGSS MS

NGSS HS

New Area of Focus: The Excretory System

The excretory system provides a pathway to remove wastes from the body.

• The excretory system removes excess…

Oxygen

Nutrients

Plasma

Nutrients

Marrow

Oxygen

• The excretory system removes excess…

Oxygen

Nutrients

Plasma

Nutrients

Marrow

Oxygen

The process that removes these wastes is called excretion.

Which two do the lungs get rid of?

• The remaining organs of the excretory system are the

• The remaining organs of the excretory system are the kidneys,

• The remaining organs of the excretory system are the kidneys, liver,

• The remaining organs of the excretory system are the kidneys, liver, and skin.

Which organ of the excretory system does this picture represent?

The Kidneys: They filter waste products from the blood to keep it clean and balanced.

• Bean shaped organ about size of fist located near the middle of the back.

• Which letter below is this Cat’s Right Kidney?

• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood and produce 2 quarts of waste product (urine).

• The kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood and produce 2 quarts of waste product (urine).– The urine travels through the ureters to the

bladder

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and from food as the body uses energy and repairs itself.

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and from food as the body uses energy and repairs itself.– This waste, if not removed will build-up and

cause damage.

• Waste comes from old tissues / cells and from food as the body uses energy and repairs itself.– This waste, if not removed will build-up and

cause damage.

• Each kidney has how many nephrons?– A.) ½ a nephron– B.) One full nephron– C.) 6 nephrons– D.) A million nephrons

The Kidney

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Reabsorption

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Reabsorption

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Reabsorption

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Reabsorption

Glomerulus

Filtration of waste

Bow Man’s Capsule

Reabsorption

• In the nephron, a tiny blood vessel (capillary) -intertwines with a tiny urine-collecting tube called a tubule.

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act like strainers.

• The tiny blood vessels in the nephrons act like strainers. – Waste in the blood spills out through the holes

while the nutrients do not.

Urine is about 96% Water.

ProteinBlood Cell

Too Large to fit through

• The kidneys measure out chemicals such as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium and release them back to the blood to return to the body.

Reabsorption

• The kidneys measure out chemicals such as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium and release them back to the blood to return to the body. – The kidneys regulate / balance the bodies

level of these substances.

Reabsorption

Learn more about the kidneys and kidney diseases at… http://www.webmd.com/urinary-incontinence-oab/picture-of-the-kidneys

• The amount of water and salts that you consume changes your urine. – Which person drank plenty of water this

morning?

• The amount of water and salts that you consume changes your urine. – Which person drank plenty of water this

morning?

• The amount of water and salts that you consume changes your urine. – Which person ate lots of salty junk food this

morning?

• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce less urine. That urine will have less water in it.

• If you eat lots of salty foods you will produce less urine. That urine will have less water in it.– Your kidneys control the amount of water in

your body.

• As a general rule, you want your urine to be clear and copious.

• As a general rule, you want your urine to be clear and copious.– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity.

• As a general rule, you want your urine to be clear and copious.– Copious: Abundant in supply or quantity. – Not bright yellow once a day.

• Should the person below drink more hydrating fluids?

• Should the person below drink more hydrating fluids? Okay

• Should the person below drink more hydrating fluids? Yes

• Should the person below drink more hydrating fluids? Not needed.

Iced Tea

Learn more about your urine at… http://www.webmd.com/urinary-incontinence-oab/features/the-truth-about-urine

• Can you drink your own urine?– If your stuck on a raft etc. in a survival situation

in the middle of the ocean.

• Drinking your urine may keep you alive an extra day or two.– Urine is mostly water so it can replenish lost

water. 95%– Sterile so it won’t give you disease.– The other 5% is going back to your kidneys and

after a day or two this highly concentrated waste can cause kidney failure.

– So your in trouble from total dehydration, or complete kidney failure.

• Kidney Stone: A hard mass formed in the kidneys, typically consisting of insoluble calcium compounds.

• Kidney Stones: Cause severe stomach and back aches that go down to the genitals and last for a long period.

• Treatment– Dietary Treatment (Changes)– Pass the stone (if small)– Surgery – Shockwave Surgery

• Treatment– Dietary Treatment (Changes) – Pass the stone (if small)– Surgery – Shockwave Surgery– Treatment in 1935

• Video Link! Khan Academy, Kidney and Nephron (18 minutes) - Advanced– http://www.khanacademy.org/video/the-kidney

-and-nephron?playlist=Biology

Urine travels from the kidneys through narrow tubes called ureters to the bladder.

Urinary Bladder: Stores urine until excretion.

• Activity! Step by step drawing of the excretory system.– (1/2 a page) Start on next slide.

• Excretory System Available Sheet.

Kidneys

Ureters

Kidneys

Ureters

Bladder

Kidneys

Ureters

BladderUrethra

Human Body Unit Part IX/XIII. New Area of Focus: The Excretory System New Area of Focus: The...

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