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Human Body Systems
Unit 1410A
Functions of Each System
Nervous System
Organs: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervesFunction: recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environments
Lymphatic/Immune System
Organs: white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, lymph vesselsFunction: helps protect the body from disease; collects fluid lost from blood vessels and returns the fluid to the circulatory system
Endocrine System
Organs: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries (females), testes (males)Function: controls growth, development, & metabolism; maintains homeostasis
Integumentary System
Organs: skin, hair, nails, sweat, and oil glandsFunction: serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun
Skeletal System
Organs: bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendonsFunction: protects organs, aids in movement, provides structure
Muscular System
Organs: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscleFunction: works w/ skeletal system to produce voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food through the digestive system
Digestive System
Organs: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestine; rectumFunction: converts foods into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes
Excretory System
Organs: skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethraFunction: eliminates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis
Circulatory System
Organs: heart, blood vessels, bloodFunction: brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes, helps to regulate body temperature
Respiratory System
Organs: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungsFunction: provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body
Reproductive System
Organs: males – testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, penisfemales – ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vaginaFunction: produces reproductive cells; females – nurtures & protects developing embryo
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