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A history of HTML & CSS, and Preview of HTML5 and CSS3, and overview of the future.
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<title> HTML 5 & CSS 3</title>
HTML Pre-HistoryGeneral Markup Language
(GML) was developed at IBM in the 1960's by
Charles F. Goldfarb
:h1.Chapter 1: Introduction :p.GML supported hierarchical containers, such as :ol :li.Ordered lists (like this one), :li.Unordered lists, and :li.Definition lists :eol. as well as simple structures. :p.Markup minimization (later generalized and formalized in SGML), allowed the end-tags to be omitted for the "h1" and "p" elements.
http://www.sgmlsource.com/history/roots.htm
HTML Pre-HistoryStandard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) was derived
from GML in the 1980's.
SGML was the pre-cursor to both HTML and XML.
SGML defined the user of angle brackets for tags. <example>
HTMLHyper Text Markup Language (HTML) was first defined by
Tim Berners-Lee in 1991
Original HTML had 20 tags and displayed simple text with basic
markup for formatting.
HTML 2, 3, and 4HTML 2 added many of the
attributes we know today such as images, forms, input.
HTML 3 added new tags that had been part of minor revisions.
HTML 4 extended the number of tags. Currently most HTML is
4.01
CSS HistoryCSS 1 was proposed in 1995 as a
way to style documents. It contained descriptions for font,
background and other style tags.
CSS 2 is the version we currently use added positioning and other
elements.
Web Usability ThenMid-Late 1990's web forms started to show up with web
applications.
Late 1990's JavaScript added further interaction.
2000's AJAX and Flash started to
provide richer internet applications.
Web Usability NowIncreased emphasis on making the web as rich an interface as
native applications.
The mobile web is the next frontier.
Current Technologies are dated and are hindering growth.
HTML 5 and CSS3 to the Rescue
HTML5 and CSS3 are the next generation of markup that will
drive the web.
What is the difference between HTML4 and HTML 5?
Structure Tags<header> - Header <nav> - Navigation, Menu (Primary Navigation)<section> - Seperation Element <article> - Article Content<aside> - Sidebars, Widgets, Misc non primary content <footer> - Footer
<header> and <footer> tags may be used multiple times. Example in Sections, and in the main page.
Structure<header>
<nav>
<section> <aside>
<footer>
<header><article>
<footer>
New Inputs
* tel (Telephone) * search * url* email* datetime* date* month* week* time* datetime-local* number * range (slider)* color
Inputs Mobile Display
Tel Number
Canvas<canvas>
Create a virtual canvas for drawing graphics in the browser.
Javascript can be used to control graphic rendering via the canvas.
x,y coordinate system
Canvas Example
APIsDrag and Drop - Provides an API for Drap and Drop for JavaScript
Geolocation - Determine Location of The User via the Browser
Offline Storage - Browsers will support local storage. The API
will be SQL like.
APIsHistory API - Access Browser
history via JavaScript.
<contenteditable> - Enables a Content Editing API
Web Workers - Background Tasks for JavaScript
MultimediaNative Multimedia Support
No Plugins Necessary
<Video> - Native Video
<Audio> - Native Audio
YouTube HTML5 Beta
Available for Chrome and Safari
Other Controls<Progress> Displays progress of
a task or action completed.
<meter> Displays measure of something.
<Output> For output of calculation or output of a script.
CSS3
New Stylesborder-radius - Rounded Cornersborder-colors - Gradient Bordersbox-shadow - Drop Shadowstext-shadow - Text Drop Shadowsgradient - Gradient backgroundsresize - Resize an Elementbackground-size - resize backgroundbackground - supports multipe images
Examples
SelectorsA Variety of Selectors provide an
interface to apply styles more precisely.
An example would be selecting an nth child.
Example: div:nth-child(3) {}
ColumnsMulti Column Layout is now
provided by CSS3
Animation and MotionAnimations - CSS3 allows for
animations of styles
Transitions - Allows styles to change gradually color shifts
Transformations - 2D and 3D transformations, stretch, move,
etc
Examples
MiscMedia Queries - Provides for
ways to specify styles based on viewport size.
When?
HTML5 - Canidate Stage in 2012
CSS3 - Still in Working Draft
What about that Gorilla?IE 6 and other legacy browsers
are preventing progress.
IE9 has some HTML5 support.
Benefits of HTML5 & CSS3Rich Interface elements not
requiring third party plugins.
Seperation of content and design
Enhanced Mobile Support
New Programming Interfaces
The Critics SayHTML5 will not get rid of Flash
HTML5 doesn't use XML Syntax
Too many tags / Tag Soup
The FutureCurrent mobile browser technology will be the next battle ground.
HTML5 and CSS3 will even the odds with supporting more and
more platforms.
The web will no longer be a second class user interface.
Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://www.w3.org/History/19921103-hypertext/hypertext/WWW/MarkUp/Tags.htmlhttp://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866http://www.w3.org/People/Raggett/book4/ch02.htmlhttp://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/07/16/html5-and-the-future-of-the-web/http://www.w3schools.com/html5http://bluefaqs.com/2010/03/understanding-the-basics-of-css3/http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2009/07/13/css-3-cheat-sheet-pdf/http://www.css3.info/webkit-announces-support-for-css-3d-transforms/http://www.css3.info/http://images.appleinsider.com/html5.091909.001.png
HTML 5 and CSS3 Demoshttp://www.zurb.com/article/221/css3-animation-will-rock-your-worldhttp://www.fofronline.com/2009-04/3d-cube-using-css-transformations/http://www.1stwebdesigner.com/development/50-awesome-css3-animations/http://html5demos.com/http://www.romancortes.com/blog/pure-css-coke-can/http://9elements.com/io/projects/html5/canvas/ http://www.zachstronaut.com/lab/isocube.htmlhttp://www.dotcodedump.com/HTML5/triangle.html <-- My Canvas Example
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