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How do we teach Geomechanics?
Manolis Veveakis, Thomas Poulet, Klaus Regenauer-Lieb
School of Petroleum Engineering
Unconventional Geomechanics GroupSchool of Petroleum Engineeringe.veveakis@unsw.edu.au
What is Geomechanics?
Geomechanics
Geotechnics
Landslides Rock properties Tunnel design
Engineering Geology Seismology Geophysics
Seismic Core logging
Soil Mechanics
Rock Mechanics
Fluid Mechanics
Solid Mechanics
The problem: Geomechanics seems to be loosely defined!
• Established in 1985 as a joint industry/UNSW initiative
• Image based petrophysical rock properties and EOR (ARC, Industry Consortium) - $500k/year
• NMR Laboratory (ARC, consortium) - $1mil in 2012; $200k/year since• CO2 sequestration (CO2CRC) - $200k/year• Unconventionals – CBM, Tight Gas, Shale Gas, Fractured Basement
and Geothermal (ARC, DigitalCore, ONGC) - $2.2 mil in 2012 + $4.1 mil in 2014
Teaching: Petroleum Engineering (Honours)
Consulting areas
• Reservoir appraisal• Field development geology• Reservoir characterisation• Conventional log analysis• Log analyses for complex reservoir• Formation evaluation
• Field development• Reservoir simulation• Reservoir engineering• Well test analysis• Drill string failure analysis• Improved oil recovery• Natural gas engineering• Drilling engineering• Integrated reservoir development studies• Carbon Capture and Storage
• Economic assessment and commercial activities• Reserves assessment and certification• Arbitration• Unitisation• Field development planning economics• Economic evaluation• Oil and gas company and property valuation• Oil and gas economic modelling• Engineering and Economics
Geo-mechanics vs. Geo-mechanics in Petroleum Engineering!
But, do we need Geo-mechanics?
Petroleum Industry is interested in exploiting:
1. Conventional hydrocarbon reservoirs (Multi-phase flow, EOR, permeability measures, core logging, rock typing, seismic inversion etc)
(virtually) No mechanics are required at first order
2. Unconventional reservoirs (shale gas, CSG, CBM etc)
Strong mechanics and multiphysics are required
Conventional reservoir modelling• Conventional =
Darcy flow in permeable rocks
• Unconventional =low permeabilitystimulation to crack brittle rock
• (Unconventional)2 =unconventional in ductile environment
UNUnconventional
Brit
tleD
uctil
e
Applications to geothermal, shale gas, resources…
Shell Scenario
Unconventional Energy: Shale Gas
US Report in Environmental and Energy Politics 22nd of April 2015
Australia’s future: Deloitte ‘Oil and gas reality check 2013’
http://www.deloitte.com/assets/Dcom-BruneiDarussalam/Local%20Assets/Documents/oil_gas_reality_check_2013.pdf
Geo-mechanics vs. Geo-mechanics in Petroleum Engineering!
We need multi-physical Geo-mechanics!
Why multi-physics?
What skills we need to develop?
From Mathematics: • Vector-Tensor algebra and analysis • ODE and systems • PDE and systems • Statistical analysis• Bifurcation methods • Eigenvalue problems • Numerical methods in continuum/stochastic
framework• Numerical methods in discrete framework• …
What skills we need to develop?
From Mechanics: • Constitutive modelling • Experimental verification • Solid mechanics: Elasticity and LEFM• Solid Mechancis: Plasticity and limit analysis• Poromechanics: Fluid flow through porous medium• Poromechanics: Poroelastoplasticity • Fluid mechanics: Navier Stokes and Viscoplasticity • Contact Mechanics/ micromechanics• …
What skills we need to develop?
From Physics: • Reversible/Irreversible Thermodynamics• Statistical Physics • Material Science (spectrometry, thermography etc)• CT scanning• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis• Wave analysis (seismic inversion etc) • Geochemistry• Petrology• …
What skills we need to develop?
From Experimental multi-physics (THMC): • Mechanical deformation (triaxial etc) • Infrared measurements (Temperature)• Flow cells (Hydraulic processes) • Geochemical measurements
What skills we need to develop?
For the industry: • Knowledge of the world of industry• HSE regulations• Project Management• Risk Analysis• Risk Assessment• Risk Management • Finance and Economics• Expertise in using dedicated FEM software packages
(Eclipse, Ansys, Abaqus etc)• Seismic inversion• …
The pyramid of knowledge
Knowledge - Remember
Understand - Explain
Apply
AnalyzeEvaluate
Create
Atherton J S (2013) Learning and Teaching; Bloom's taxonomy
Academia
Industry
Clash of opinions!
Conclusions
• Highlight state-of-the-art and future research (multiphysics)
• Equip students with sound basic knowledge, so that they can walk the path by themselves
• Geo-Mechanics is the fundamental basis of Multiphysics
Thank you!
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