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Holy Week = Anamnesis Do this in remembrance of me
The redeeming acts of Christ are continuous and boundless in time and location (birth, baptism, crucifixion, resurrection, ascension)
We have the opportunity to live all these redeeming actions (actions of salvation) during the church liturgies, i.e., the liturgy is the continuation of the redeeming actions of Christ. “Every time you shall eat of this bread and drink of this cup…”
Therefore, each time you participate in the Holy Week services,
His death: We die with him, trample death. We are there at the feet of the cross.
His resurrection: We are risen with him in his Glory
Holy Week = Anamnesis Proof: “Therefore as we commemorate his holy passions,
his resurrection from the dead, his ascension into the heavens, and his sitting at your hand O Father,…….and his second coming from the heavens, awesome and full of glory”
In the liturgy, we live the past NOW and we live the future (eternal life) NOW
We have to come to the liturgy with this mindset: I AM NOT HERE AS A BYSTANDER OR A SPECTATOR, but AS AN ACTIVE PARTICIPANT IN THESE EVENTS:
I was there during the last supper, being washed and participating in the Eucharist
I was there during his resurrection, raising the stone and enjoying the glory NEVER SAY I WAS NOT THERE!
Is this virtual reality/imagination/frame of mind? … This is REAL REALITY and the mystical nature of Holy week. We know it by faith!
Historical Facts
The most sacred week of the year
Used to be celebrated once every 33 years
Used to be celebrated separate from the great lent until the 2nd century
Pascha = Passover
Readings of the Holy WeekReadings of the Holy Week
Historical Background Early Church: Read the whole Bible. Pope Ghobrial II (77) is the one who put
together the readings that we currently have (circa 1250 A.D.)
In addition, we read the whole Four Gospels and the book of Psalms during the Holy Week.
Readings are selected to match the events of each hour.
Lazarus SaturdayLazarus SaturdayWe start and finish the Holy Week
with resurrection; victory over: Death Sin Devil
Christ did not resurrect Lazarus the day before entering Jerusalem: Christ spent most of the Holy Week
(starting from this Saturday) in his house See above
PALM SUNDAY
What Did Jesus Do? He left Bethany and entered Jerusalem
riding on a colt on Nissan 10
• (similar to the Passover lamb)
The crowd were shouting “OSANNA” Jesus spent the day in the temple. Jesus returns back to Bethany
PALM SUNDAY
What Does the Church Do? All hymns are in joyful tunes Morning procession in the raising of
incense
• We read a psalm and a gospel in front of most icons and church doors.
Regular liturgy except we read FOUR gospels
PALM SUNDAYWhat Does the Church Do?
Listen carefully to the Gospel according to St. Luke 19:41-44
Now as he draw near, He saw the city, and wept over it,Saying, If you had known, even you, at least in this day, the things which belong unto your peace! but now they are hidden from your eyes. For days will come upon you when your enemies will cast a trench around you, surround you and close you in on every side, and level you and your children within you to the ground; and they will not leave in you one stone upon another; because you did not know the time of your visitation.
PALM SUNDAY
What Does the Church Do? The General Funeral:
• WHY?• Starts with a prophesy from Ezekiel 37:1-14
And he said to me, Son of man, can these bones live? And I answered, O Lord GOD, You know
PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE
We follow the Savior step by step We pray outside the alter in the second
chorus, WHY? Hebrew 13:13
All attention is to the passion of our Savior: No liturgies except….. No Agpya prayers All prayers in a sad tune
PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINEDAILY PRAYERS
DAILY PRAYERS(e.g. Wednesday)
NIGHT(Tuesday evening)
DAY(Wednesday morning)
1ST 3RD 6TH 9TH 11TH
1ST 3RD 6TH 9TH 11TH
Good Friday: 1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 11th, 12th
Readings of the Holy WeekReadings of the Holy Week
Difference between the morning and evening readings.
The Eleventh Hour of the morning and evening prayers are focused on: Confrontations between Christ and the high priests
and the Jewish. Christ prophesizing about his passions and the
cross.
PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE
Contents of Each PrayerPropheciesHomily (Sermon), if anyThine is the power, the glory, the
blessings, and the majesty: for ever Amen O Emmanuel: Our God and Our King... Replaces the Agpeya psalms It is not man made, Revelation 7:12-13
PASCHA: GENERAL OUTLINE
Contents of Each PrayerA psalm of David
Sad tune
The Holy GospelThe expositionEnd of each night or day:
Litanies The conclusion (O King of Peace)
Monday of the Holy Pascha
What Did Jesus Do?
He left Bethany to the temple in Jerusalem
On the way, He saw a fig tree that had leaves but no fruits. Christ cursed the tree saying: No man will eat fruit of you for ever
Jesus entered the temple and kicked out those who were selling and buying
The priests try to catch him with a mistake: By what authority do you do these things?
Christ returns back to Bethany
Monday of the Holy Pascha
What Does the Church Do? Theme of the day:
“FRUITFUL LIFE NOT APPEARANCE”
“DON’T DECEIVE YOURSELF” All prophesies, psalms, and gospels
focus on this objective. Examples• First Hour: Isaiah 5:1-9: “What shall I do any
more to my vineyard, that I have not done to it?”
• Sixth Hour: Exodus 32:7-15: “They Have made for themselves a calf and worshiped it!”
Tuesday of the Holy Pascha
What Did Jesus Do? He left Bethany to the temple in
Jerusalem On the way, They saw the fig tree and
remembered Christ’s words Jesus spent the day in the temple
teaching The Pharisees try to catch him with a
mistake: Should we pay taxes to Caesar?
Tuesday of the Holy Pascha
What Did Jesus Do? Christ talks about the end of the world
and his second coming in detail. He gives a lot of signs for the last day.
Christ emphasized the need to be always prepared by several proverbs:
• The Ten Virgins• The Talents• The Wedding Ceremony
Christ returns back to Bethany
Tuesday of the Holy Pascha
What Does the Church Do? Theme of the day:
“BE WATCHFUL”
“MARAN-ATHA -- The Lord’s coming is near” All prophesies, psalms, and gospels focus
on this objective. Examples• Ninth Hour: Genesis 6-9: “The flood and Noah’s
Ark”• Eleventh Hour: Isaiah 30-25: A prophesy about
the end of the world
Tuesday of the Holy PaschaWhat Does the Church Do?
Very Important: THE ELEVENTH HOUR
CHRIST Talked in detail about
judgement and the last day
Determined the time of his crucifixion for the first time
Left the temple and NEVER came back to it; a sign of the collapse of the Jewish religion
CHURCH Adds “My Good
Savior” to “Thine is the power....”
Reads Psalm 44:9 “Thy Throne, O God, is forever and ever” with the Royal Tune
Wednesday of the Holy Pascha
What Did Jesus Do? Christ spent the whole day in Bethany A day of contradictions:
• Judas contacts the chief priests to betray Christ
• A woman breaks an alabaster box of ointment of spikenard, very precious, and pours it on Christ’s head.
Wednesday of the Holy PaschaWhat Does the Church Do?
Theme of the day:“WHERE IS MY HEART”
“WHAT WOULD I OFFER TO CHRIST” All prophesies, psalms, and gospels focus on
this objective. Very Important: Third Hour of Thursday’s Eve
• Psalm: 54:18: “His words are smoother than oil, yet they are darts” (Royal tune)
• Gospel: Mark 14:3-11: The woman with ointment and Judas betrayal!
The Great ThursdayWhat Did Jesus Do?
That was the 14th of Nissan, the day of slaying the Passover lamb
Christ asks Peter and John to prepare the Passover
They prepare for the Passover in St. Mark’s house
The disciples fight: who is the greatest. Before supper, Christ washed the disciples’ feet Christ gives the disciples his body and blood Christ prophesizes about his betrayal Judas leaves to go to the chief priests
What Does the Church Do?
We pray in the first chorus
We start with the Matin raising of incense
The book of acts: Selecting a new apostle instead of Judas. It is scary!!!!!!
Procession to reprimand Judas (OURSELVES) in the opposite direction
The Great Thursday
The Great Thursday
What Does the Church Do? Pascha prayers (1st, 3rd, 6th, 9th) about
preparations for the Passover The prophesies of the ninth hour are very
significant• Genesis 22:1-19 The sacrifice of Isaac• Genesis 14:17-20 Melckizedek• Isaiah 61:1-6 “The Spirit of the Lord is upon
me…”
The Great ThursdayWhat Does the Church Do?
The Liturgy of the Blessing of Water (second chorus)
• Objectives:– HUMBLENESS & SALVATION THOUGH
WATER (BAPTISM)
• We pray with annual tune in front of a basin filled with water
• Several prophesies about salvation through water (e.g., crossing the Red Sea and Jordan River)
The Great Thursday
What Does the Church Do? The Liturgy of the Blessing of Water (second
chorus)• Gospel: John 13:1-7 -- Christ washes the feet of
the disciples• At the end, the priest washes the feet of the
congregation
The Great Thursday
What Does the Church Do? The Liturgy of the Eucharist
• Objective: The sacrifice of Christ• Annual tune• No Agpeya, no Catholic Epistle, no Book of Acts• The lamb is examined without the 41 Kerie Layson
because Christ was examined while being silent
The Great Thursday
What Does the Church Do?• Gospel: Matthew 26:20-29 -- Christ gives his body
and blood to the disciples• No prayer of Reconciliation, no commemoration of
the saints• Fraction of the Sacrifice of Isaac
The Great Thursday
What Does the Church Do? During communion, we pray the 11th hour of the
Pascha in the second chorus• Prophesy from Isaiah 52
– And we saw him but he had no form nor beauty…He was a man of suffering and acquainted with the bearing of sickness…He was dishonored and not esteemed. He bears our sins and is pained for us…He was wounded on account of our sins, and was bruised because of our iniquities…He was led as a sheep to the slaughter and as a lamb before the shearer is dumb, so he opens not his mouth….
• Gospel from John:13– And when He had dipped the sop, He gave it to Judas
Iscariot, And after the sop, Satan entered into him
The Eve of the Great Friday
We add “The Lord is my strength, my praise and has become my salvation”
We read four gospels each hour from Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John Except the first hour where the four
gospels are from John 13-17 (The Paraclete)
FROM NOW ON:
The Eve of the Great Friday
First Hour Christ’s last talk with the disciples and
his promise to send the Holy Spirit His prayer to the Father in John 17
Third Hour Christ leaves with the disciples on their
way to Gethemane Before the cock crow, you shall deny me
three times
The Eve of the Great Friday
Sixth Hour Christ prays in Gethemane
while the disciples are asleep Watch ye and pray, lest you
enter into temptation
Ninth Hour Judas arrives with the soldiers
to arrest Jesus Peter cut the right ear of the
servant of the high priest
The Eve of the Great Friday
Eleventh Hour Psalm: “Why did the heathen rage, and the
nations imagine vain things? The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers gathered themselves together against the Lord, and against his Christ”
Gospels: First trial in front of the chief priests and all the council. Peter denies for three times
The Great Friday
The Great Friday
The Great Friday
First Hour Christ is being sent to Pontius
Pilate Pilate sends Him to Herod
Psalm For unjust witnesses have risen up
against me, and injustice has lied within itself
The Great Friday
Third Hour Christ goes back to Pilate Pilate sentences him to death
Prophesies: Genesis 48: Jacob blesses
Manasse and Ephraim Isaiah 63: “Who is this that is
coming from Edom with red garments from Bosor?”
The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday
Prophesies Numbers 21: The brass serpent Isaiah 53 Amos 8: The sun shall go down at noon, and
the light shall be darkened on the earth by day
The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday
HYMNS TAI SHOREE VAI ETAV ENF
• This is He who presented upon the cross, an acceptable sacrifice for the salvation of our race
Pauline Epistle:• But God forbid that I shall glory, save in
the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ
The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday
Part from the AgpeyaO MONO GENEES
O Only Begotten, eternal, and Immortal Word of God….Holy Mighty, who by weakness showed forth what is greater than power.
AGIOS (sad tune)Psalm and Gospel
Lights are off
The Sixth Hour of the Great Friday
Prayer with the right thief Remember me O Lord when
you come into your kingdom …. O Master …. …. O Holy-One ...
End of the Sixth Hour and lights are back
The Ninth Hour of the Great FridayProphesies
Jeremiah 12, 13: “I as an innocent lamb, did not know … Come, let us utterly destroy him from off the land of the living”
HYMNS TEE SHOREE VAI ETAV ENF Pauline Epistle:
• And being found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself, and became obedient unto death, the death of the cross
The Ninth Hour of the Great Friday
Part from the Agpeya Agious
Thine is the power ….Psalm
Save me, O God,for the waters have come into my soul. I am stuck fast in deep mire.
Gospels
The Eleventh Hour of the Great Friday
Prophesies Exodus and Leviticus: Passover
Regular Pascha hourPsalm
I spread forth my hands …Into Your hands, I will commit my spirit, You have redeemed me, O Lord God of truth
Gospels and conclusion
The Twelfth Hour of the Great Friday
Prophesies Lamentations of Jeremiah Jonah
Psalm 44: The Royal Tune Your Throne, O God, is
forever and ever
Gospels
The Twelfth Hour of the Great Friday
Exposition and Litanies
METANIAS in all directions
ProcessionThe Burial and
GOLGOTHAThe Book of Psalms
APOCALYPSE
Objectives: Heaven is open, therefore we read the
book of Revelations Transition between sadness and joy Let us think about what Christ has done
for us and praise him for that
We do these in reverse order
APOCALYPSE
We start with this psalm I am the youngest among my brethren
and a youth in my father’s house…..My brothers are handsome and greater than me and the Lord delighted not in them…. I went out to meet the Palestinian, so he cursed me by his idols. But I withdrew his sword that was in his hand and beheaded him and removed the reproach from the Israelites: Alleluia
APOCALYPSE
We pray several parts from midnight prayer (TASBEHA)
We read several praises from the Old and New Testament Moses, Hannah (mother of Samuel),
Jonah, Isaiah, Daniel, the Three Young Men in the fire, St Mary, etc.
We read the story of Susanna (very Important)
APOCALYPSE
We pray the first, third, and sixth hour of Saturday similar to regular pascha first half with sad tune, second with
annual Readings: preparations for resurrection
APOCALYPSE
We read the book of revelationNinth hourHoly liturgy
Holy Week is a life-changing experience
Our attitude has to match that of the church
Serious, focused. You can sense the level of intensity in the church prayers.
Dedication and consecration – business, internet, TV, other distractions
Fasting – late hours (evening) – come empty
Consistency in participating (not attending) – Streaming
Follow readings – in light of a certain topic (food)
Follow all hymns – for meditation (digest)
Spiritual warfare – stay away from judging
Silence and solitude
Repentance and confession
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
I HAVE BEEN CRUCIFIED WITH CHRIST; IT IS NO LONGER I WHO LIVE, BUT CHRIST LIVES IN ME
GALATIANS 2:20
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
HOW SHALL WE ESCAPE IF WE NEGLECT SO GREAT
SALVATION?HEBREW 2:3
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