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History of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Sigmund Freud and his contributions The structure and process of the unconscious Key role of early childhood experiences in
shaping personality Creation of a distinctive methodology for
psychological treatment of mental disorders The recognition that the patient’s character is
central to understanding psychic symptomatology
Variations of Psychoanalysis
Harry Stack Sullivan – Interpersonal Theory of Psychiatry
Heinz Kohut – Self Psychology
Habib Davanloo and David Malian – Short-Term Psychodynamics
Otto Kernberg – Transference-Focused Therapy
Anna Freud and Melanie Klein – Child Therapists
Key Aspects of Personality Development
Free association
Topographical contours Unconscious, preconscious, conscious
Tripartite model of the human psyche Id, ego, superego
Therapeutic Elements
Transference: tendency to utilize internal relational schematic representations to orient our interactions with others
Interpretations are made regarding the unconscious based on free associations
Countertransference: feelings aroused in the analyst as his or her unconscious takes in and responds to the patient’s transference
Theory of Psychotherapy
Main goal: to overcome developmental obstacles and personality patterns that interfere with a person’s ability to function at their highest level
Assessment of ego-functions
Process Psychoanalysis: 4 to 5 weekly sessions over 3
to 5 years Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy: 4
to 80 weekly session
Most Popular Currently Practiced Psychoanalytic
Variants Structural-Drive Theory
Unconscious drives Defense mechanisms
Relational Psychoanalysis Object relations Interpersonal theory Attachment theory
Self-Psychological Theory
Multiperspective Approach
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