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Herbs that release the exteriorHerbs that release the exteriorWarm, Spicy Warm, Spicy herbs: herbs:
Ma HuangMa Huang Gui ZhiGui Zhi Zi Su YeZi Su Ye Jing JieJing Jie Fang FengFang Feng
Qiang HuoQiang Huo Gao BenGao Ben Bai ZhiBai Zhi Xi XinXi Xin Sheng JiangSheng Jiang
Cong BaiCong Bai Xiang RuXiang Ru Cang Er ZiCang Er Zi Xin YiXin Yi
Wind-Cold ( Superficial)
Chills more than fever; white phlegm; sensations of cold; general muscle Chills more than fever; white phlegm; sensations of cold; general muscle pain; white tongue coating; tight pulsepain; white tongue coating; tight pulse
All Go to Lu. & UB Ma Huang; Gui Zhi; Qiang Huo; Gao BenMa Huang; Gui Zhi; Qiang Huo; Gao Ben
Digestive Sym. Zi Su Ye; Cong Bai; Sheng Jiang; Xiang RuZi Su Ye; Cong Bai; Sheng Jiang; Xiang Ru
Nasal, Sinus, Headache Bai Zhi; Xin Yi; Xi Xin; Cang Er ZiBai Zhi; Xin Yi; Xi Xin; Cang Er Zi
General cold & flue Sym. Jing Jie; Fang FengJing Jie; Fang Feng
Part OnePart One
Agents which disperse wind-cold from the lungs and Agents which disperse wind-cold from the lungs and move fluids through the urinary bladdermove fluids through the urinary bladder
Ma Huang Ma Huang 麻黄麻黄Gui Zhi Gui Zhi 桂枝桂枝
Qiang Huo Qiang Huo 羌活羌活Gao Ben Gao Ben 藁本藁本
Ma Huang Ma Huang 麻黄麻黄
Distinct Look: Pale green, Brown stemDistinct Look: Pale green, Brown stem
Pharmaceutical Name Ephedrae herba
Actions
Induces sweating & releases the exterior
Disseminates & facilitates the Lung Qi
Reduce Edema
Promote urination
Warms & disperses cold pathogens
Indications
(Excess)
Asthma ( Mi Zhi Ma Huang ) & cough
No sweating ( Wind cold )
Edema with exterior sym. (10~15g) ( + Shi Gao 3:1)
Wind-cold-damp Bi sym.
Difficulty urination with exterior Sym.
Dosage 2~ 9 g
Cook 10~15 min
Toxic dosage 30 ~ 45 g
ContraindicationsDeficiency (asthma; exterior cold or wind ); Insomnia;
High Blood Pressure or heart disease
Ma HuangMa Huang (Warm)(Warm) 麻黄麻黄
Herb Pairs of Ma Huang
Indications Formular
Shi Gao Coughing & Asthma ( Lung Heat ) Ma Xin Shi Gan Tang
Gui ZhiExterior cold with no sweating
( Spicy warm to treat the exterior cold disease )
Ma Huang Tang
Xing Ren Asthma & coughing ( Cold ) Ma Huang Tang
Gan Jiang Asthma & Coughing ( cold ) Xiao Qing Long tang
Bai Guo Asthma & Coughing Ding Chuan Tang
Ge GenExterior cold with tight neck and
shoulder muscle
Ge Gen 6 : Ma huang 1
Hyperostosis ( pain, and arm fingers numbness)
Bai ZhuWhole muscle pain due to wind-
dampness
Ma HuangMa Huang (Warm) (Warm) 麻黄麻黄
Gui Zhi Gui Zhi 桂枝桂枝
Cinnamon twigs Cinnamon twigs Dark bark with pale centerDark bark with pale centerDistinct mild cinnamon tasteDistinct mild cinnamon taste
Pharmaceutical Name Cinnamomi Ramulus
Actions
Releases the exterior & assists the yang
Warms & unblock the channels and collaters
Warms the yang & transforms thin mucus
Assists the Heart Yang & unblocks the yang qi of chest
Warms the middle & direct turbid yin downward
Indications
(Excess & Dfe.)
Exterior wind cold deficiency with sweat
Edema
Amenorrhea
Damp in upper limbs
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxic Sym. Dizziness; dry; burning sensation in the urine; allergy
Gui ZhiGui Zhi (Warm) (Warm) 桂枝桂枝
Contraindications Pregnant Heat or Yin def. Bleeding problems
Gui ZhiGui Zhi (Warm) (Warm) 桂枝桂枝
Combinations
Indications Formular
Ma Huang Exterior cold with no sweating Ma Huang Tang
Gan Cao Heart Yang Qi Def. (irritability)Gui Zhi Gan Cao
Tang
Bai Shao>Gui Zhi
Bai Shao<Gui Zhi
----Muscle & internal organs pain----
----Warm & open the meridian (Bi Syn.) ----
Gui Zhi Tang
Fu Ling & Bai Zhu Difficulty of urination
Gua Lou & Xie Bai Chest pain due to Ht. Yang blocked
Chuan Xiong Expel wind-dampness: pain in joints & limbs
Sheng Jiang Cold stay in middle Jiao
Fu Zi = Gui Zhi
Fu Zi > Gui Zhi
Fu Zi < Gui Zhi
----Cold hands and feet due to Yang Qi def.-------- Cold Bi Symptoms ----
----Spontaneous Sweating ----
Sheng Di=Gui
Sheng Di 5:2Gui
---Move Qi & Blood to treat Bi Sym.---
---Ht. blood def. & stag. : palpitation ---
Qiang Huo Qiang Huo 羌活羌活
Brown rootBrown rootDark brown scalloped exteriorDark brown scalloped exteriorDistinct smellDistinct smell
Pharmaceutical Name Notopterygii Thizoma seu Radix
Actions
Releases the exterior & disperses cold
Unblocks painful obstruction & alleviates pain
Guides Qi to the greater Yang channel
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold
Occipital headache
Joints pain due to dampness
Wind-Damp pain in upper body or upper limbs
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxic Sym. vomiting
Qiang HuoQiang Huo (Warm)(Warm) 羌活羌活
ContraindicationsBlood def. type pain
Yang def. type headache
Qiang HuoQiang Huo (Warm)(Warm) 羌活羌活
Combinations
Indications Formular
Du Huo Body or joints pain due to dampness Juan Bi Tang
Fang Feng Headache or heaviness Jiu Wei Qiang Huo Tang
Cang Zhu Heaviness of head Qiang Huo Shen shi Tang
Jiang Huang & Gui Zhi
Arthritis due to dampness
Jing Jie & Fang Feng
Exterior cold sym.Jing Fang Bai
Du San
Gao Ben Gao Ben 藁本藁本
Pale brown rootPale brown root
Compare with Qiang Huo:Compare with Qiang Huo:Distinct lookDistinct look
Pharmaceutical Name Ligustici Rhizoma
Actions
Discharge exterior conditions & disperse cold
Disperse wind
Overcomes Dampness & Alleviates pain
Externally for skin fungus & scabies
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold
Vertex headacheVertex headache
Joints pain & back pain due to dampness
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxic Sym. none
Gao BenGao Ben (Warm) (Warm) 藁本藁本
ContraindicationsBlood & Yin def.
Heat disease
Gao BenGao Ben (Warm) (Warm) 藁本藁本
Combinations
Indications Formular
Xi Xin Vertex headache, stiff neck, or toothache
Cang Zhu Lower back pain
Wu Zhu Yu Abdominal pain
Bai Zhi & Chuan Xiong headache
Qiang Huo Headache and stiff neckQiang Huo shen shi
tang
Part twoPart two
Agents which enter the lung channel and middle Agents which enter the lung channel and middle burner to disperse wind cold and warm the middleburner to disperse wind cold and warm the middle
Zi Su Ye Zi Su Ye 紫苏叶紫苏叶Cong Bai Cong Bai 葱白葱白
Sheng Jiang Sheng Jiang 生姜生姜Xiang Ru Xiang Ru 香薷香薷
Sheng Jiang Sheng Jiang 生姜生姜
Pharmaceutical Name Zingiberis Rhizoma recens
Actions
Discharge exterior conditions & disperse cold
Warms the middle burnner & alleviates vomiting
Warms the lungs & stop cough
Resolves toxicity
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold
Coughing
phlegm
Food or herbs toxin ( Ban xia, Dan Nan Xing, Tian Nan Xing )
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxic Sym.In high dosages: Dry mouth, sore throat, epistaxis & nephritis
Sheng JiangSheng Jiang (Warm)(Warm) 生姜生姜
Contraindications Fever due to yin def. Heat disease
Shen JiangShen Jiang (Warm) (Warm) 生姜生姜
Combinations
Indications Formular
Jing Jie Exterior cold Jing fang Bai Du
San
Gui Zhi Lower back pain Gui Zhi Tang
Ban Xia Vomiting ( cold & phlegm ) Xiao Ban Xia Tang
Zu Ru & Huang Lian Vomiting ( phlegm-heat )
Da Zao Middle jiao disease
Zi Su Ye & Xin Ren Coughing due to wind cold Zhi Sou San
Sheng Jiang Gan Jiang Pao Jiang
Vomiting or nausea due to cold in the ST.
Spleen Yang def. with cold hands and feet
Irregular menses due to cold in the lower
Jiao
Zi Shu Ye Zi Shu Ye 紫苏叶紫苏叶
Dark purple on one sideDark purple on one sideArmy green on the otherArmy green on the other
Pharmaceutical Name Perillae folium
Actions
Discharge exterior conditions & disperse cold
Circulate Qi & harmonize the middle
Using during pregnancy
Resolves seafood poisoning
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold
Nausea, vomiting, or poor appetite
Calming a restless fetus or morning sickness
Sea food poisoning
Dosage 5 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity Raise blood sugar levels
Zi Su Ye (Warm)Zi Su Ye (Warm) 紫苏叶紫苏叶
ContraindicationsDiabetes
Sweating ( promotes sweating )
Zi Su YeZi Su Ye (Warm) (Warm) 紫苏叶紫苏叶
Combinations
Indications Formular
Shen Jiang Exterior cold
Xin Ren & Qian Hu Exterior cold: coughing & phlegm Xin Su San
Xiang Fu & Chen Pi Exterior: Chest fullness Xin Su San
Huo Xiang Vomiting ( cold )
Huang Lian Vomiting ( Heat )
Bai Zhi Vomiting ( Food toxicity )
Chen Pi & Sha Ren Restless fetus
Huo Xiang GastroenteritisHuo Xiang Zhen
Qi San
Cong Bai Cong Bai 葱白葱白
Pharmaceutical Name Allii fistulosi bulbus
Actions
Release the exterior & inducing sweating
Disperse the cold & unblock the yang
Resolves toxicity & disperse clumps
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold
Abdominal pain & distension or nasal congestion
Sores & abscesses ( external using )
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity none
Cong Bai (Warm)Cong Bai (Warm) 葱白葱白
ContraindicationsNot using with honey together
Spontaneous sweating
Combinations
Indications Formular
Dan Dou chi 淡豆豉
Exterior cold ( early stage ) ( no sweating )
Dan Dou Chi Tang淡豆豉汤
Sheng Jiang 生姜 Exterior cold: headache
Da Zao 大枣 Middle Jiao
Fu Zi 附子 & Gan Jiang 干姜 Abdominal pain & distension
Chong Chi Tang
葱豉汤
Cong Bai (Warm)Cong Bai (Warm) 葱白葱白
Xiang RuXiang Ru 香薷 香薷
Entire plantEntire plant
Distinct lookDistinct look
Pharmaceutical Name Moslae Herba
Actions
Release the exterior & inducing sweating
Promote urination & reduce swelling
Expel Summer heat
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold ( no sweating )
Edema ( less urination )
Summer heat ( thirsty, irritability, vomiting, diarrhea )
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity Vomiting
Xiang Ru (Warm)Xiang Ru (Warm) 香薷香薷
Contraindications Spontaneous sweating
Combinations
Indications Formular
Huo Xiang
藿香Summer exterior sym. (chest
oppression, vomiting, abdominal pain )Huo Xiang Zhen Qi San 藿香正气散
Bai Bian Dou
白扁豆 Vomiting ( summer exterior sym.)
Bai Zhu 白术 Edema due to damp-cold
Huang Lian 黄连 & Hua Shi 滑石
Irritability & difficult urination
Xin Jia Xiang Ru Yin 新加香薷饮
Bai Mao Gen 白茅根Yi Mu Cao 益母草
Edema ( fever, no sweating, difficult urination )
Xiang Ru (Warm)Xiang Ru (Warm) 香薷香薷
Part threePart three
Agents which enter the lung channel to disperse wind Agents which enter the lung channel to disperse wind and open the noseand open the nose
Bai Zhi Bai Zhi 白芷白芷Xin Yi Hua Xin Yi Hua 辛夷花辛夷花
Xi Xin Xi Xin 细辛细辛Cang Er Zi Cang Er Zi 苍耳子苍耳子
Bai ZhiBai Zhi
Thin, flat, brittle, white root with brown edgesThin, flat, brittle, white root with brown edgesDistinct smellDistinct smell
Pharmaceutical Name Angelicae dahuricae Radix
Actions
Expel wind & relieve pain
Reduce swelling & expel pus
Expel dampness & alleviates discharges
Opens the nose
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold especially those with headache
Frontal headache
Vaginal discharge due to damp cold ( or heat )
Congested sinuses
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity
(30~60g) Vomiting, nausea, dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath, profuse sweating, high blood pressure, convulsions, restlessness, dyspnea, precordial pain, and even respiratory arrest
Bai Zhi (Warm)Bai Zhi (Warm) 白芷白芷
ContraindicationsDef. or heat in blood
Vomiting due to fire
Combinations
Indications Formular
Chuan Xiong
川芎 Exterior cold with headacheJiu Wei Qiang Huo Tang 九味羌活汤
Shi Gao 石膏 Toothache ( St. heat )
Xi Xin 细辛 Sinuses headache
Bai Zhu 白术Hai Piao Xiao 海螵蛸
Vaginal Discharge ( damp-cold )
Huang Bai 黄柏 Vaginal discharge ( damp-heat )
Bai Zhi (Warm)Bai Zhi (Warm) 白芷白芷
Xin Yi Hua Xin Yi Hua 辛夷花辛夷花
“ “ Hua “ = flowerHua “ = flower
Inch long furry flowerInch long furry flowerDistinct smell & lookDistinct smell & look
Pharmaceutical Name Magnoliae Flos
Actions Expel wind-cold & unblocks the nasal passages
Indications
(Excess)
Nasal Congestion
Runny nose
Sinus problems
Sinus headache
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook Cover with gauze
Toxicity dizziness, red eyes, thirst & dry nose
Xin Yi Hua (Warm)Xin Yi Hua (Warm) 辛夷花辛夷花
ContraindicationsPregnant women
Vomiting due to fire
Combinations
Indications Formular
Cang Er Zi
苍耳子 Nasal congestion & sinus headacheCang Er Zi San
苍耳子散
Shi Gao 石膏Bo He 薄荷 For heat pattern of nasal congestion
Xi Xin 细辛Bai Zhi 白芷 Improve its efficacy Xin Yi San 辛夷散
Ju Hua 菊花Xi Xian Cao 西莶草 Frontal sinusitis
Mu Xiang 木香Zhi Mu 知母
Huang Bai 黄柏Acute sinusitis
Xin Yi Hua (Warm)Xin Yi Hua (Warm) 辛夷花辛夷花
Xi Xin Xi Xin 细辛细辛
Whole dried plantWhole dried plant
Distinct tasteDistinct tasteBurns the tongue & fingersBurns the tongue & fingers
Pharmaceutical Name Asari Herba
Actions
Disperse cold & releases the exterior
Disperse wind, disperse cold, & release pain
Warms the lungs & transforms thin mucus
Unblocking & facilitating the orifices
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold with deficient yang
Aches & headache ( Shao Yin Headache)
Cough with watery phlegm
Various types of nasal congestion
Dosage 1 ~ 3 g
Cook Longer than other exterior herbs
Toxicity headache, nausea, diaphoresis, restlessness, red face, tachypnea, cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension…
Xi Xin (Warm) Xi Xin (Warm) (( small toxismall toxinn))
细辛细辛
Contraindications
Internal heat
Blood def. headache
Qi Def. with sweating
Combinations
Indications Formular
Qiang Huo
Fang FengExterior cold with headache & sniff nose
Bai Zhi
Chuan XiongHeadache
Huang Lian Teeth ache due to St. fire
Zi Yuan & Kuan Dong Hua
Coughing with thin white phlegm
Bai Zhi & Fang Feng Sinus
Xi Xin (Warm)Xi Xin (Warm) 细辛细辛
Cang Er Zi Cang Er Zi 苍耳子苍耳子
½ inch long seed-like fruit½ inch long seed-like fruit
Covered with tiny spursCovered with tiny spurs
Distinct lookDistinct look
Pharmaceutical Name Xanthii Fructus
Actions
Disperse wind
Drys damp
Opens the nose
Indications
(Excess)
Deep-source nasal congestion ( thick discharge, headache )
Skin conditions with itching
Wind damp pain
Dosage 3 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity Vomiting, nausea, anorexia, dizziness, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Cang Er Zi (Warm) Cang Er Zi (Warm) small toxinsmall toxin
苍耳子苍耳子
Contraindications Blood Def. Pain
Combinations
Indications Formular
Xin Yi Hua 辛夷花Bai Zhi 白芷 Nasal congestion & sinus headache
Cang Er Zi San
苍耳子散
Shi Gao 石膏Bo He 薄荷 Yellow discharge
Fang Feng 防风Bai Zhi 白芷
Gao Ben 藁本
Severe headache radiating to the back of the head
Di Fu zi 地肤子Cang zhu 苍术Chan Tui 蝉蜕
Itching ( due to wind rash or dampness-induced sores )
Cang Er Zi (Warm) Cang Er Zi (Warm) small toxinsmall toxin
苍耳子苍耳子
Part FourPart Four
Agents which enter the lung & Liver channel to Agents which enter the lung & Liver channel to disperse winddisperse wind
Jing Jie Jing Jie 荆芥荆芥Fang Feng Fang Feng 防风防风
Jing Jie Jing Jie 荆芥荆芥
GreenGreen
Distinct look & smellDistinct look & smell
Compare with Xia Ku CaoCompare with Xia Ku Cao
Pharmaceutical Name Schizonepetae Herba
Actions
Release the exterior & dispels wind
Vents rashes & alleviates itching
Stops bleeding
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior Sym. ( either wind-cold or wind-heat )
The initial stage of measles
Hemorrhage ( blood in the stool or uterine )
Dosage 5 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity Allergic reactions ( skin & digestion sys. )
Jing Jie (Warm)Jing Jie (Warm) 荆芥 荆芥
Contraindications Deficiency of the exterior
Combinations
Indications Formular
Liao Qiao 连翘Jin Yin Hua 金银
花Wind-heat exterior sym.
Yin Qiao San
银翘散
Bo He 薄荷Chan Tui 蝉蜕Ge Geng 葛根
Initial stages of Measles
Dang Gui 当归Chuan Xiong 川芎 Skin disorder due to wind
Xiao Feng San
消风散
Zi Su Ye 紫苏叶
Wind-cold exterior symJin Fang Bai Du San 荆防败毒散
Huai Hua 槐花Ce Bai Ye 侧柏
叶 blood in stools
Huai Hua San
槐花散
Jing Jie (Warm)Jing Jie (Warm) 荆芥 荆芥
Fang FengFang Feng
¼ to ¾ inch diameter root¼ to ¾ inch diameter root
Slices with a beige core, Slices with a beige core, Orange-brown outer core with brown skinOrange-brown outer core with brown skin
Distinct lookDistinct look
Pharmaceutical Name Saposhnikoviae Radix
Actions
Release the exterior & dispels wind
Expel wind-damp & relieve pain
Relieves spasms & tremors ( wind )
Indications
(Excess)
Exterior wind cold ( headache, body ache, stiff neck )
Painful obstructions
itching
Diarrhea
Dosage 5 ~ 9 g
Cook
Toxicity Allergic reactions ( skin & digestion sys. )
Fang Feng (Warm)Fang Feng (Warm) 防风 防风
Contraindications Blood def. type disease
Combinations
Indications Formular
Jing Jie 荆芥 Wind-cold exterior sym.Jin Fang Bai Du San 荆防败毒散
Qing Jiao 秦艽Cang Zhu 苍术 Pain due to Wind-damp (Joints)
Huang Qi 黄芪 Spontaneous sweatingYu Ping Fen San 玉
屏风散
Bai Zhu 白术 Diarrhea with abdominal painTong Xie Yao Fang
痛泻要方
JIng Jie 荆芥Zi Su 紫苏Bo He 薄荷
Skin rashes itching
Fang Feng (Warm)Fang Feng (Warm) 防风 防风
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