Heat Transfer in Earth’s Systems

Chapter 5Lesson 1

Essential QuestionWhat factors affect the weather?

How is Earth a system?

How is temperature measured?

How is heat transferred?

How is Earth a system?Earth is a system

made up of different parts. (ABCHG)

What parts of Earth’s system interact to form a storm like a hurricane? Atmosphere &

Hydrosphere

The condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place is called ______________________?Weathe

How is temperature measured?Temperature: measures the average energy of motion of the particles in a substance.

What is the name of the device used to measure temperature?

Thermometer

Build Your Own Thermometer!The bulb thermometer is the

common glass thermometer.The thermometer contains

some type of fluid, generally mercury.

A liquid changes its volume relative to its temperature.

Liquids take up less space when they are cold and more space when they are warm.

Materials needed:Adult SupervisionA glass jar or bottle with a water-tight lid - The lid should be the screw-on kind and made from metal or plastic. The jar needs to be glass so that its shape does not change when you squeeze it. A drill or a hammer and a large nail Some silly putty, plumbers putty, caulk or chewing gum A drinking straw - 8 or 10 inches (about 23 cm) long, the thinner the better, preferably clear! Some food coloring (not required)

Extra Credit!

Molecules in Motion!The faster atoms are moving- the more energy they have- the

higher the temperature will

But what is it called when

atoms almost stop moving?

Absolute Zero

How is temperature measured?Thermal energy: measures the total

energy of motion of the particles in a substance. (mass) Both the cup and

teapot have the same temperature.

But the teapot has more thermal

energy. Why? Mass

How is Temperature Measured?

How is heat transferred?ConductionConvectionRadiation

Conduction

In solid matter, the atoms are always doing a dance, jiggling up and down and all around.

We can't see them jiggle, but we can feel their energy. How? As heat!

Adding heat energy to matter makes its atoms and molecules jiggle even faster. As they speed up, they bump against their neighbors, and get them jiggling faster too.

ConductionPut a cool pan on a hot stove, and soon the pan is hot.

If the handle is metal, it will get hot too, as the faster-moving molecules in the metal pass their energy along.

That's conduction: Matter "conducting" energy throughout itself, through molecules bumping into each other.

ConvectionConvection happens only in

liquids and gases, like water and air.

The atoms in liquids and gases are farther apart than in solids. Because they have more room between as they heat up and jiggle faster, they move much farther, carrying the heat energy with them.

The atoms move in currents. The warmed air rises, making a current. Cooler air moves in to replace the warmed air, gets warmed up too, and rises into the current.

Radiation

Radiation moves energy and travels in waves it doesn't need atoms to move along.

Energy that travels by radiation is called electromagnetic radiation.

Light is one kind of electromagnetic radiation we can see.

Heat we feel on our skin when we stand in the Sun or put our hands over a hot stove is caused by infrared radiation, another type of electromagnetic radiation.

How is Heat Transferred?

Home LearningLesson 1 Assess Your Understanding Review And Assessment #1-3 Page 185

Extra Credit Cranberry Sauce Extra Credit Backpack & SuppliesScience Current Event 9/30Fairchild T-Shirt Design 9/30Extra Credit Thermometer 10/1Chapter 5 Vocabulary 10/18

Play "Beat the Heat!"Match scrambled up words with real words

before the thermometer tops out

Heat Transfer in Earth’s Systems

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