Hats off to MS Research! Wake-on-LAN in ConfigMgr

The MMS 2013 Treasure HuntHidden Gems in Configuration Manager 2012 (Service Pack 1)Andreas Hammarskjöld & Phil WilcockAtea

UD-B392

Assumptions• Familiar with ConfigMgr• This is a Level 300 session

• Notepad & Telnet skills required • Scripts and Command Prompts

• We will not cover our coding!

Agenda

Making the most of.....• Wake On Lan Proxy• BranchCache features with Windows 8 & Server

2012• Hybrid Media

”You had me at Ping!”

Hats off to MS Research!

• “Sleepless in Seattle No Longer”• Joshua Reich, Michel Goraczko, • Aman Kansal, and Jitu Padhye

• Columbia University, Microsoft Research

• Great work, read it here: http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/?id=131390

Short summary of the problem• A desktop machine• Workdays: often used, sometimes idle• Nights, holidays, weekends: often idle

• sometimes accessed remotely by user (via RDP etc)• more often accessed by IT (patches, updates, scans)

• But always powered on• Power Management offers big savings• ..but systems need to be available

• Some history• Introduced in ConfigMgr 2007 R3 • Relied on subnet-directed broadcast or unicast• Unicast – OK until the client MAC address is dropped by the network hardware• Subnet-directed broadcast – insecure so usually disallowed by Network Police!• WOL Proxy solution introduced in SCCM 2012 SP1• Server-side components unchanged – WOL Manager/comms manager – sends out WOL

requests

Wake-on-LAN in ConfigMgr

Sleep Proxy basics

• A Sleep Proxy allows a machine to be• network available while physically asleep• May involve some network tweaking!• Client component• Sleep Proxy component

9

How a Network Sleep Proxy Works

Sleep Proxy

Remote LoginWork Payload

Client Machine

Remote User

Remote Login ResponseSend Traffic to Me

Sleep notificationWake Up!

Zzzz….

Send Traffic To Me

• When a computer sleeps, sleep proxy takes over, examines traffic, following a Reaction Policy• Respond to some traffic on behalf of the client (e.g., ARP)• Wake for some traffic (e.g., remote login/SCCM deployment)• Ignore the rest (e.g., ICMP)

• Reaction Policy choices determine the energy savings

Reaction Policy

11

How the Sleep Proxy Works

12

Subnet router

Sleep ProxyARP Probe

00:11:22:33:44:551.2.3.4

WOL / Magic Packet00:11:22:33:44:55 …

SYN-ACK

Remote User

ARP Probe00:11:22:33:44:55

1.2.3.4

Sleep notification00:11:22:33:44:55

1.2.3.4Listing ports: 445,

3389

TCP SYN1.2.3.4:3389

TCP SYN1.2.3.4:3389

Client Machine

Zzzz….

Sample Wakeup TimelineStep Time From To Packet Type Note

1 0 RU->(CM) SP SYN

2 0.04 RU->CMMagic packet

3 3 RU->(CM) SP SYN Retransmit

4 5.6 CM->Bcast ARP Probe CM awake

5 9 RU->CM SYN Retransmit

6 9.01 CM->RU SYN ACK

Remote User (RU)

Client Machine (CM) Sleep Proxy (SP)

Save by having sleep proxy replay most recent TCP SYN

ConfigMgr Architecture

Manager Guardian #1

Guardian #2

Sleeping Client(s)

ConfigMgr Site

Router/Switch

How it Works• 3 ‘Guardians’ per subnet• One guardian becomes the ‘Manager’• As clients sleep, the manager collects MAC/IP info• Manager tells the network (router/switch)

• ‘I am now listening for packets for all these sleeping clients’

• If relevant traffic arrives for a client, the Manager issues a WOL

• Should the WOL fail – another Guardian will try• If the Manager is powered off – a new Guardian is

appointed

Demo: Wake Up ProxyAndreas Hammarskjöld

Recap: Gotchas• Simple to implement• Makes WOL more ‘useable’• Native functionality• MAC Flaps!• RDP only works over port 445

BranchCache in Win8 and SCCM2012

The age old problem…

• How do I service clients at remote branches?• Without flooding the WAN!

• BranchCache support from SCCM2007SP2 + Win Server 2008 R2

• BranchCache enables single download, serverless offices

• With BranchCache it’s all about sharing

BranchCache and SCCM

• BranchCache distributed cache mode• Only works on a single subnet• This is the supported mode for SCCM• So if you have multiple subnets there will be one

download per subnet

BranchCache Architecture

Client 1

Client 2

Client 3

ConfigMgr Site

Low bandwidth WAN

BranchCache Enabled DP

10110010010

10110010010

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 01 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

10

0111

0111

1

New features in BranchCache/SCCM

• SCCM Cloud based DP with BranchCache• Windows 8 clients functionality• Native data encryption – no need for fiddly certificates

etc.• New Netsh and PowerShell functionality• Ability to prestage data

In the Clouds• You can now host your SCCM DP with Windows Azure• You can choose the geographic region for your DP• Use BranchCache to avoid ’bill shock’ !• You can calculate the costs here

• http://www.windowsazure.com/en-us/pricing/calculator/?scenario=full

• Prestaging content locally will reduce costs even more

Confusion! – Check your Windows Versions• Windows 8 client functionality• Win8 Pro

• BranchCache platform APIs and Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) integration

• Win8 Ent • BranchCache platform APIs, BITS integration, and the HTTP and Server Message Block (SMB)

integration.

• Win8 Core• No support

• Best combo is Windows Server 2012 with Win8 clients

Some useful CmdLets

Set-BCCache -path Drive:\FolderSet-BCCache –Percentage <UInt32>Clear-BCCache (useful for testing purposes)

Full list here - http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh848392.aspx

Content Information

• BranchCache processes content to create Content Information

• Content Information = Hashes• Client gets the Content Information first• Then uses the content info to decide where to get the

content• Content information vs actual Content ratio is 2000:1

Content Information Versions

• BranchCache has 2 content versions – V1/V2• V1 – Larger file segments = less efficient• V2 – Uses smaller, variable sized segments• V2 only available with Server 2012 and Win8

clients

Beware – clients that use different content information versions DO NOT share content!

PowerShell Cmdlets for PrestagingPublish-BCFileContent -Path D:\share -StageData

Export-BCDataPackage –Destination D:\temp

Import-BCCachePackage –Path D:\temp\Package.zip

Prestaging Content

Client 1

Client 2

Client 3

ConfigMgr Site

Low bandwidth WAN

BranchCache Enabled DP

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 01 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1

10

0111

0111

1

Publish-BCFileContent -Path D:\share -StageData

Export-BCDataPackage –Destination D:\temp

Import-BCCachePackage –Path D:\temp\Package.zip

Package.zip

USB

Demo: BranchCache in a TS

Andreas Hammarskjöld

• Please visit our blog for updated info: http://ateasolutions.info

Blog!

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