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8/7/2019 HAL training presentation
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HINDUSTAN AERONAUTICS LIMITED
Part-1
(Fuel systems of fighter
planes and turbofan
engines)
Prepared by:-
� Durgesh srivastava
� Saurabh verma� Luvkush verma
� Vineet singh
� Shiv gaurav mishra
� Rahul tiwari
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� ³Concentration ,dedication and application are necessary but not sufficient to achieve any goal
these must be awarded by guidance , assistance
and cooperation of some persons to make it tenable ́
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ABOUT HAL
HAL came into existence on 1st October 1964.
The Company was formed by the merger of
Hindustan Air craft Limited with Aeronautics India
Limited and Air craft Manufactur ing Depot, Kanpur.
The Company traces its roots to the pioneering
efforts of an industrialist with extraordinary vision, the
late Seth Walchand Hirachand, who set upHindustan Aircraft Limited at Bangalore in association
with the erstwhile princely State of Mysore in
December 1940. The Government of India became a
shareholder in March 1941 and took over the
Management in 1942.
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MISSION
To become a globally competitive
aerospace industry while working as an
instrument for achieving self ±reliance in
design, manufacture and maintenance of Aerospace defense equipment and
diversifying to related area , managing
the business on commercial lines in a
climate of growing professionalcompetence .
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HAL Divisions19 Production Units & 9 R&D in 7 location
over India
Bangalore Division
Kanpur Division
Koraput Division
Hyderabad Division
Nasik Division
Lucknow Division
Korwa Division
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HAL Ser vices
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ABOUT HAL ACCESSORIES
DIVISION LUCKNOW
Established in 1970.
Primary Objective - To manufacture systems and accessories for various aircrafts and engines and attain self sufficiency in this area.Spread over an area of 94,000 sq m.
Division Manufactures - Civil Aircrafts like Avro,Dornier, Cheetah, Cheatak & Advanced LightHelicopters(ALH) & SU-30.
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Divisions of HAL Lucknow
LCA Division
ALH Division
Sukhoi Division
Instrument Factory
Accessories Division
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Specif ication of Sukhoi SU-30 MKI
Crew: 2
L ength: 21.935 m
Wingspan : 14.7 m
Height: 6.36 m
Wing area: 62.0 m²
Empty weight: 17,700 kg
Loaded weight: 24,900 kg
Max takeoff weight: 38,800 kg
Maximum speed: Mach 2.35(2,500 km/h) at 11,000m. Range: 5,000 km (2,700 nmi) with internal fuel tank.
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Fuel Tanks:
Number of fuel tanks: 6
Name of fuel tanks: 1, 2, 3RT,3LT, 4, 5
Fuel Capacity: 1
200 kg
Special detail: Tank no. 2 is themain tank & also known asservice tank having fuel capacityof 600 kg
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Fuel Systems:
Purpose of an aircraft fuel system is:
To store & deliver the proper amount of clean fuel at thecorrect pressure to the engine
Fuel systems should provide positive and reliable fuel flowthrough all phases of flight such as1)Changes in altitude 2)Violent maneuvers3)Sudden acceleration and deceleration
Fuel systems should also continuously monitor systemoperation such as: Fuel pressure Fuel flow Warning signalsTank quantity
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Types of Fuel Systems:
Types of Fuel Systems can be classified in two broad categories:
Gravity-Feed Systems: Gravity-Feed Systems use onlythe force of gravity to push fuel to the engine fuel-controlmechanism .
Reason for this system to exist in an aircraft:
1)The bottom of the fuel tank must be high enough to
provide adequate pressure to the fuel-control
component.
2)This type of system is often used in light aircraft.
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Pressure-Feed Systems: Pressure-Feed Systems require theuse of a fuel pump to provide fuel-pressure to the engine·sfuel-control component.
Reason for this system to exist in an aircraft:
1)The fuel tanks are too low to provide enough pressurefrom gravity.
2)The fuel tanks are at great distance from the engine.
3) Also, most large aircraft with higher powered engines
require a pressure system regardless of the fuel tanklocation because of the large volume of fuel used by the
engines.
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Fuel flow & meter ing system:
This system measures fuel quantity available in aircraft. This
system performs following major function:
1) Fuel f low metering: - This part computes total quantity of fuel available in aircraft & transmits to various airborne
system for display & recording.
2) Fuel q uantity gauging :- This part exclusively computes
quantity of fuel available in service tank & transmit to variousairborne system for display & warning.
3) Automatic control :- This part manages sequence of fuel
flow to/from various tanks during refueling as well as during
consumption.
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Fuel Quantity Unit: BT3-4This instrument computes quantity of fuel in service tank
based on signals from sensors which are fuel probes (DT41).
It delivers computed information to following instruments:
1) Digital light indicator(ITSS7-1)
2) Refueling Control Panel(PKUZ&-2)
3) Stand by Equipment(SBI)
4) Complex Information Signaling System(KISS)
It gives warning signal to pilot for residual fuel of 150 kg in
main tank.
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Fueling Control Panel:
PKUZ7-2
This instrument is a display device & is used on
ground during refueling. It performs followingfunctions:
1) To display total fuel quantity
2)To display fuel quantity of service tank
3)To display actual fuel density
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Electronic transducer
unit:BE
P51-1
This unit is main processing part of automatic control portion
of STR7-51 system. It manages fuel flow based on signals fromsensors, magnetic operated level switches (DSMKs) fitted in
various tanks. It also senses total residual fuel quantity &
transmits the warning signal to pilot.
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Cockpit:
It has multi-function display.
Made up of special LCD.
This LCDs can withstand a
temperature of -40 degreeCelsius.
It can absorb repeated violentimpacts of landing on aircraft
carriers. The display is easily readable
even in bright sunlight & dimenough for the pilot to read atnight without losing night vision.
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Engines:
Su-30MKI is powered by the Al-31FP (F for forsazh & P forpovorotnoye means afterburningmovable) turbofan engines.
The Al-37FU engine have 2D ThrustVectoring Control (TVC) Nozzles.
2D TVC means that the Nozzles canbe directed/pointed in 2 axis or
directions - up or down.
TVC makes an aircraft much moremaneuverable.
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Turbofan engine
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Continued«..
The nozzles of the MKI are capable of deflecting 32 degrees
in the horizontal plane and 15 degrees in the vertical plane.
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