Guide for File Prep and Cutting Universal Laser Cutters · Raster engraving (black) 2. Vector...

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The Advanced Output CenterSullivan Center, Rm. 1232

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GuideforFilePrepandCutting

UniversalLaserCuttersGeneralInformation

UniversalX2-660andPLS6.150DLaserCuttersLocation: AdvancedOutputCenter,1232SullivanAccess: Self-serve,opentocurrentlyenrolledstudents,active facultyandstaff;Usersmustbeauthorizedpriortouse; Seeaccesssectionfordetails.LaserSpecs: 120WattCO2laser(X2-660) 150WattCO2laser(PLS6.150D)MaxSheetSize: 18”x32”;Maxdepthrangesfrom3/8”to1/2”bymaterialFileTypes: Illustrator(.ai)vectorfiles;AutoCAD(.dwg)filesMaterials: SeeApprovedMaterialsListApplicableFines: $50minimumfineforirresponsiblecutting,damage,etc Seefinessectionformoredetails.PricingandFees: Walk-incutting:$0.15perminutefromcheck-intocheck-out Reservedcutting:$5.00for45minutes Seeaccesssectionfordetails.

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Accessing the Laser Cutter

Walk-ins• Allauthorizedusersareabletowalkinanduseeitherlasercutterwhenithasnotbeenreservedinadvance,orwhen

ano-showforareservationoccurs.Walk-inusersmustcheckinwithalabmonitorpriortocutting;additionally,itistheuser’sresponsibilitytocheckoutwiththelabmonitoraftercleaningup.

• Thewalk-inusagefeeis$0.15/minute.ArtiCardpaymentisdueatthetimeofcheckout.• Unpaidfeeswillremainonauser’saccountandmaycauseaholdtobeplacedwhichrestrictsaccesstootherareas

oftheschool.Usersareresponsibleforknowingiftheyhaveanoutstandingfineorbalanceontheiraccount.• Walk-inuserscanuseasmuchtimeasisavailable,uptowhenthenextreservationstartsor30minutesbeforethe

labcloses,whichevercomesfirst.

Reservations• Reservationsmustbemadeinpersonthroughalabmonitoratleast3hoursbeforethetimebeingreserved,andno

morethan2weeksinadvance.• Reservationscanonlybemadein45-minuteblocks.Youcanreserveupto8sessionsof45-minuteseachperweek.

Thereisnolimitforwalk-inuse.• Uponmakingareservation,youmustpayanon-refundableadvanceusagefeeviaArtiCard.Thisappliestoallautho-

rizedusers(includingfacultyandstaff).Thefeeis$5per45-minutetimeslot,andisnotrefundableunderanycircum-stances.

• Reservationsarenon-transferablefromonepersontoanother.Youcanonlymakeandusereservationsforyourself.• Reservationscanberescheduledifyounotifylabstaffatleast3hoursinadvanceofyourreservedtimeslot.• Youwillbegivena10-minutegraceperiodtoshowupforyourreservedtimeslot.Afterthegraceperiodexpires,your

slotwillbecomeavailableforwalk-inusersattheper-minuterate.• Intheunlikelyeventthatyourreservedtimeslotmustbecanceledduetoequipmentmalfunctionorotherunforesee-

ableissues,youwillbenotifiedasquicklyaspossibleandgiventheoptiontomakeanewreservationattheearliestavailabletimeslot.

• Intheeventthatalasercutteristakenoffline,itwillnotbeavailableforreservationuntilitisoperationalagain.

Authorizations• Beforeusingthelasercutter,youmustfirstattendanauthorizationsession.Currentlyenrolledstudents,facultyand

staffcanbeauthorizedforlasercutting.• Theinformationcoveredduringauthorizationswillchangeassoftwareandhardwareareupdatedorreconfigured.To

keepusersuptodateonlasercuttertechniquesandpolicies,authorizationswillbegoodforonecalendaryear,afterwhichyoumayneedtobere-authorizeddependingonyouractivitylevel.

• Viewtheauthorizationschedulepleasespeaktolabstaff.

Document Preparation

Set up your document in Illustrator

• InIllustrator,selectFile->New..

• Set“Width”to32inchesand“Height”to18inches

• Setorientationto“Landscape”and“ColorMode”toRGB

• ClickOK

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Turn on the Rulers:

• SelectView->Rulers->ShowRulers

Set the Guides:

• Setaguidelinetothebottomedgeofyourmaterialandtherightedgeofthematerial.

• Wealsorecommendyouplaceaguideata¼”inchfromeachedgeofthedocumentthatyourmaterialwilltouch.Thiswillinsetthedesignslightlysoitiscompletelycon-tained.

Preparing your graphics in IllustratorCut Type Graphics Requirements Single/Multipass Order End Result

RasterEngraving

• FilledShapesortext• Images(jpg,bitmap,etc)• Lineswithheavystroke

weights(+0.1pt)• Gradations

Multi-pass(likeaninkjetprinter)

BeforeVectorLinesfollowingcolor

table

Engravedarea(Powerislimitedtopre-ventcuttingthrough)

VectorEngravingLineswiththeseproperties• 0.1ptstrokeweight• Alignedtocenter• Nobrushstrokes• Nodashedlines

• Nocompoundpaths• Noclippingpaths

Singlepass(followingvectorpath) Dependentoncolor

Engravedline(Powerislimitedtopreventcutting

through)

VectorCutThrough-cutline(Power

isincreasedtocutthrough)

Thelasercuttercanmakethreedifferenttypesofcuts;seethetableaboveforanoverviewofeach.AllcutscanbesentfromthesameIllustratorfile.Graphicsinthefilearegroupedintodifferentcolors,whichallowsthelasercuttertodistin-guishdifferentcutsfromoneanother.Colorarealsousedtodeterminetheorderinwhichvectorcutsandengravingstakeplace.

Color Order RedValue GreenValue BlueValue

Black 1st 0 0 0

Red 2nd 255 0 0

Green 3rd 0 255 0

Yellow 4th 255 255 0

Blue 5th 0 0 255

Magenta 6th 255 0 255

Cyan 7th 0 255 255Orange 8th 255 102 0

NOTE:UsetheexactRGBcolorvalueslistedinthetableabove,andmakesureyourIllustratordocumentisintheRGBcolormode(NOTCMYK)whenfilepreppingforthelasercutter;otherwisethelasercutterwillnotreadyourfile!

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Whenthelasercutterrunsafile,itautomaticallyprocessesrasterengravingfirst,beforevectorengravingsandvectorcuts.Itwillthenprocessallvectorcutsandvectorengravingsasonegroup--thisiswherecolorshouldbeusedtocontroltheorderofcuts.Intheexamplebelow,blackhasbeendesignatedforrasterengravings,redforvectorengraving,andgreenforvectorcutting.

(Thecolorsusedhereareonlyanexample;thesamecutscouldbemadewithdifferentcolors.)

Bysettingupthevectorandrasterengravingstogofirst,we’llkeepthematerialstationaryuntiltheoutlinecutismade.Whenthefileisrun,thecutsandengravingswillhappeninthisorder.1. Rasterengraving(black)2. Vectorengraving(red)3. Vectorcut(green)Whensettingupafileforlasercutting,useadifferentcoloranytimeyouwanttoassigndifferentsettingsoraffectthecuttingorderofagroupofcuts.

Fig.1:SourceFile

Fig.2:FinishedCut

NOTE:Agoodtechniqueforkeepingyourcutsinorderistoassignyourlastcuttothelastcoloronthelist,andworkyourwaybackwardstowardsthefirstcut.

Power SettingsUsethelasercuttercontrolpaneltoassignpowersettingsandcuttypestothecolorsinyourfile.

Assigning Power Settings

1. InIllustrator,selectFile-->Print...

2. Makesurethe“Printer”issetto“LaserCutter”

3. Inthelowerleftcornerofthe“Print”dialogbox,clickthe“Setup...”button,then“Preferences”.

4. Thelasercuttercontrolpanelwillappear.Nowyoucanassignthepowersettingsforthedifferentcolorsinyourfile. Powersettingsareavailableonlineat: crit.artic.edu/aoc/lasersettings.html Samplesarevisiblenexttothelasercutters.

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• PenMode • VECT=vectorcutsANDvectorengravings • RAST=rasterengravings • SKIP=ignorethiscolor • RAST/VECT=DONOTUSE• Power:Thepowersettingforthelaserbeam,rangesfrom

0-100%.Morepower=deepercut;lesspower=shallowercut• Speed:Thespeedofthelaserhead,rangesfrom0-100%.Less

speed=deepercut;morespeed=shallowercut. •Speedsover15%maycausewavycutsinsmallor intricatelines.DO NOT EXCEED 25% FOR VECTOR! • PPI(Pulsesperinch):Spacingbetweenlaserpulses • LowPPI(0-150)=perforation,notmuchburning • MediumPPI(150-750)=smoothercutresolution,some

burning • HighPPI(750-1000)=smoothestresolution,moreburning

Assigning Power Settings5. Inthelasercuttercontrolpanel,selectthedesired

colorrowbyclickingonit.6. UsethePOWER,SPEED,andPPIslidersto

adjustyoursettings,orentertheexactnumbersintheirboxes.Youcanusethesettingsfoundinthebindernexttothecomputer,buttheymayneedtobeadjustedslightlyforyourparticularmaterial.

7. Whenyouarefinishedassigningsettingsforthatcolor,setyour“PenMode”andclick“Set”.

8. MakesureprintselectionissetUP9. Click“OK”inthelasercuttercontrolpanel,then

“Print”intheseconddialogwindow.10. Inthefirstprintdialog,makesurethatthe

Auto-Rotateisselected,andthatthepreviewlooksrotated90degreescounter-clockwise(don’tworry,itwillcutcorrectly).

Don’t hit Print until the laser cutter is turned on.

NOTE:It’sagoodideatohavealabmonitordoublecheckyoursettingsbeforesending.Whilethewon’tguaranteeyou’llgettheexactcutresultsyouwant,itwillhelppreventfileswithdangeroussettingsfrombeingsent!

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Focus Settings and PrintingAfteryouhavepreparedyourfile,themachineandyourmaterialmustbepreparedforcutting.Sincethelaseractuallyburnsthroughthematerialitcutsandengraves,itisveryimportanttoonlyuseapprovedmaterialsandtowatchthecutteratalltimesduringtheoperationincaseoffire.Cuttingthewrongmaterialsorusingthecutterirresponsiblycanresultinharmtoyou,thelasercutterandthelabstaff,aswellasgeneratefinestoyourstudentaccount.

1

3

5

7

2

4

6

Turnonthewallswitchnexttotheventalationpipe.

Hit“Escape”toexitfocus-ingmode.Placethegaugebackintoitsslot,makingsureitdoesn’tstickout.

Alwaysturnthemachineone,openthelid,andhit“Z”BEFOREplacingyourmaterial.

Placethebaseofthefocusingtoolflatonyourmaterial,andlineitupslightlyinthefrontofthelaserhead.

Focusissetwhenthelipofthefocusingtoolisalignedwiththebottomedgeofthelasercarriage.Theflatpartshouldbeflushwiththefaceofthelenscarriage,withthefocusingtoolsittingflat.

Bydefaultthebedwillraiseandlowerbytenthsofaninch.Usecautionwhenmovingthebedasitcancrashintothelasercarriage.Whenthefocusingtoolgetsclosetothelasercarriage,hitthe“check”button,thenraiseorlowerthelaserinhundredthincrementsusingtheupanddownarrows.

Remembertosetthefocusanytimeyoustartusingthemachine,aswellaswhenyouswitchtoamaterialwithadifferentdepth.

NOTE:Beforeusingthemachine,havealabmonitorchecktomakesurethecuttingtableisalignedproperly.

Printing the file• Makesurethelasercutteristurnedon• Beforeprintingyoushouldhavealabmonitorcheckyourfocusanddriversettings• Onceyoursettingsarechecked,click“Print”tosendthefiletothelasercutter• Thefilenamewillappearonthedisplaypanelofthelasercutter,alongwithpowersettingsforthefirstcut.Ifthese

settingsallreadzeroand/orthemachinebeepsuponreceivingthefile,thereisanerrorthatmustbecorrected.Usuallythismeanswrongcolorsorstrokeweights.

• Withtheenclosurelidraised,pushingstartwilltraceoutthepathwithoutcutting.Makesurethecutsareintheproperarea;adjustthefileifneeded.

• Nowhit“Pause”andclosetheenclosure.• Withthelidclosed,hitting“Start”willcausethelasertoactuallycutthefile.• Youmustwatchthecutteroutputyourentirefile.DONOTLEAVETHECUTTERRUNNINGUNATTENDED!• Ifyouneedtotemporarilystopcutting,hitthe“Pause”buttonandWAITFORTHELASERTOSTOPCUTTING.The

cuttermustfinishthelastlineitstartedbeforepausing;ifitisalonglineoraslowcut,itcantakeseveralminutesforthecuttertostop.

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Laser Cutter Safety

Themostcommonsafetyriskwhileusingthelasercuttercomesfromfire.Anyoneusingthecuttermustsitinfrontofitandwatchtheirentirejobuntilitisfinished.Failuretodosomayresultinfines,damagetothemachine,andpossiblebodilyharmtotheuserandlabemployees.Anyoneusingthelasercuttermustwearsuppliedprotectiveeyewear.NOTE:Ifatanytimeduringcuttingyounoticeanythingunusual,shutoffthemachineimmediately!Thisincludesfire,looseparts,warpedmaterials,oranythingthatlooksorsoundsstrangetoyou...WHENINDOUBT,SHUTITOFF!

NOTE:Wheneverthe“Pause”buttonishit,thelaserwillfinishwhicheverpathitisintheprocessofcompletingbeforestopping.Thiscan,insomecases,takeuptoseveralminutes.

General Safety

• Eyeprotectionintheformoflaser-ratedsafetygogglesisrequiredbyallusers.Safetygogglesareavailableforcheckoutfromthelabmonitor.Pleasenoteregularglasses(evensafetyglasses)arenotadequate.

• Whenusingaflexiblematerialsuchaspaper,theedgesmustbehelddownsecurelywithtapeoramultimatcheckedoutfromalabmonitor.

• Cellphones/texting, and laptop or desktop use are not allowed while monitoring a cut. Headphones and reading a book are OK!

• Afteryourjobfinishescutting,theenclosurelidmustbeleftshutforatleast10-15secondstoallowforsmokeandfumestobeexhausted.

Responding to Small Fires/Flare-ups

• Watchyourjobcarefully.Ifyounoticeasmallflare-upwhileyourjobisbeingprocessed,hitthe“Pause”button,andwaitforthelaserheadtoclearthetable.Thewallswitchcanalsobeusedtoimmediatelystopthelasercutter.

• Opentheenclosurelid,andspraytheflare-upoutusingthewaterbottleonthesideofthemachineiftheflare-updoesnotgooutonitsown.

• Closethelid,andhitthe“Resume”buttonifyouwishtocontinuewhereitleftoff.• Ifyounoticethatyourmaterialisbeingscorchedorisproducingvisiblesmokeorflame,eitherlowerthepower

setting,increasethespeedsettingorre-checkyourfocus.

Excessive Fire/Smoke

• Ifyourjobbeginstoproducelargeflamesand/orexcessivesmoke,immediatelynotifythenearestlabstaffmember.• Thereisafireextinguisherlocatednearthedoorinsidethelasercuttingroom,aswellasoneontherightwall

immediatelyoutsidethelasercuttingroom.

Fines

Thestandardfinefordamagingorirresponsiblyoperatingthelasercutteris$50.Unpaidfineswillremainonauser’saccountuntiltheyarepaid,andmaycauseaholdtobeplacedonanaccount,whichrestrictsaccesstootherareasoftheschool.Usersareresponsibleforknowingiftheyhaveanoutstandingfineorbalanceontheiraccount.Thefollowinginfractionswillresultinfines:• Cuttinghazardousornon-approvedmaterials• Cuttingwithoutlabmonitorsupervision• Cuttingwithoutfirstcheckinginwiththelabmonitoronduty• Producingexcessive(visible)smokeand/orfire.• Walkingawayfromthecutterwhileitisoperating• Anyunsafecutting,orcuttingthatcausesdamagetothecarriageorbed.

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Laser Cutter Components & ControlsFamiliarizeyourselfwiththelasercuttercomponentsshownbelow.Beforecutting,allusersshouldhaveabasicunder-standingofhowthelasercutterworks,aswellashowtofocusthelaserandstart,pauseandresumecutjobs.

120 Watt

150 Watt

ZButton:TheZbuttonisusedtoenter/exitfocusingmode.WhenworkingfromtheREADYorFILEDISPLAYmenus,presstheZbuttontobeginfocusing.(Donothitmultipletimesorholddown).Afterthefocushasbeenset,hittheBACKbuttontoexit.

120Watt:UPandDOWN:TheUPandDOWNarrowsareusedtomovethecursorinthedisplay,andtoincreaseordecreasevaluessuchaspowerandspeed.

150Watt:UP,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT:Thearrowkeysareusedtonavigatethroughmenusinthedisplay,andincreaseanddecreasevaluessuchaspowerandspeed.

SELECTandBACK:UseSELECTandBACKtonavigatemenus,andtogglemenuitemstodisplaydifferentsettings.

START:UsetheSTARTbuttonwiththeenclosurelidraisedtorunatestofaloadedfile.UsetheSTARTbuttonwiththelidclosedtostartthecuttingprocessontheloadedfile.

PAUSEandRESUME:PAUSEwilltemporailystoparunningfile,andRESUMEwillstartthelasercutteratthepointitleftoff.

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Saving and Loading Profiles

Time Estimate

Onceyourhavefoundtheappropriatesettingsforyourmaterial,youcansaveouttheprofileofallthecurrentsettingsforfutureuse.Keepinmindthatwhensavingandloadingprofilestheywillonlyworkforthatparticulardepthofmaterial,andonthelasercutteryouarecurrentlyworkingwith;aprofileforcutting1/8”acrylicwon’tworkonapieceof1/4”acrylic.AlsoremembertousethesamecolorsinyourIllustratorfiles.

Agoodtechniqueforsavingsettingsistoassignthreedistinctgroups-oneforeachtypeofcut.Thiswaywhenyouloadasavedprofileitwillbeclearwhichsettingsgowithwhichcuts.Intheexampletotheright,thesettingsforcorrugatedcardboardhavebeenenteredingroupsoftwo.

Onceyouarereadytosave,clicktheSavebuttonintheSettingssection,andassignafilenameandlocation.Yourprofilewillbesavedwitha“.las”fileextension.Toloadaprofile,clickLoadandnavigatetothefolderwhereyoursavedprofileislocated.

Ifyouwanttoknowhowlongafileisgoingtotaketocutandyouarecuttingononeofthenewlasercutters(notold60wor120w),sendyourfileasnormalandclickontheredicononthedocktray(#1intheimagetotheleft).

Inthisprogramclickonthestopwatchicon(#2)andclickthestartbutton(#3).Thiswillrunthroughthefileandletyouknowexactlyhowlongitwilltaketocut.

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Imagedensityissetonascaleof1-6*1=fastest,lowestresolution5=defaultimagedensity6*=slowest,highestresolution*7onthe150W

Imagedensityissetinthedriver,alongwithpowerandspeedsettings.

Generally,whenusinganimagedensitysettingotherthan5,thecutterwillonlyperformrasterengravings;forvectorengravings/cutsthefilemustbesentagainwiththerasterengravingcolor(s)settoSKIP,andtheimagedensitysetto5.

Also,remembertosettheMediaSizesettingtoUserDefinedLandscapebeforeprinting.

Advanced Printing Options

Image DensityTheimagedensitysettingdeterminesthenumberofpassesthatwillbemadetoformarasterengraving.Ahighimagedensitysettingwillproduceaverydetailedengraving,whichtakesalongtimetocomplete;alowimagedensitysettingwillproduceaquicker,lessdetailedengraving.Engravingtimecanbegreatlyreducedbyloweringtheimagedensitysetting,oftenwithlittlenoticabledifferenceinthefinalproduct.

Highimagedensity Lowimagedensity

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Color Grouping Raster Engravings

Fileswithmultiplerasterengravingscanalsobespedupbystrategicallygroupingrasterengravingsbycolor.Rasteren-gravingsofthesamecolorareessentiallytreatedasasingleshapewhentheyarehorizontallyaligned.Thetwoidentical-lycolorcirclesbelow(Fig1)areengravedinthesamesetofpasses.Todothis,thelasermustspendagoodamountofextratimepassingovertheemptyspaceinbetweenthem;inface,thetwocircleswouldtakeexactlyaslongtoengraveastheelongatedcircle(Fig2),eventhoughtheyhaveamuchsmallerengravingarea.

Toavoidexcessiverasterengravingtimes,groupseparatehorizontallyalignedrastershapesintodifferentcolorswhenthereisasubstantialdistancebetweenthem(Fig3).Thiswaythelaserwon’thavetospendextratimepassingovertheemptyspacebetween.

Fig.3

Fig.1

Fig.2

Laser Cutter MaterialsAllmaterialsusedonthelasercuttermustbeapprovedbythelabmanagementpriortocutting.Somematerialscanbeextremelytoxicand/ordamagingtothemachine.Reflectivematerialsshouldneverbecut,astheycancausethelaserbeamtoreflectandbounceoutoftheenclosure.Pleasedonotattempttocutanyunapprovedmaterials;thereisa$50fineforcuttingunsafematerials.Ifyouhavequestionsaboutaneworunapprovedmaterial,pleaseaskalabmonitor.

Approved MaterialsAnythinginthissectionissafetocutfromanyvendor.Noneedtospeakwithlabstaffbeforepurchase.

Material RasterEngraving VectorEngraving VectorCutCorrugatedCardboard OK OK OKUncoatedPaper OK OK OKChipboard/Matboard/Museumboard OK OK OKResaleAcrylic OK OK OKInteriorPlywood OK OK OKBalsaWood/Basswood OK OK OKHardwoods(DomesticOnly) OK OK OKArriesBoard(ResaleMDF) OK OK OKMasonite OK OK OKResaleCork OK OK OKResaleVegetabletannedleather OK OK OKResaleMuslin OK OK OKUnmountedLinoleum OK OK OKGlass OK OK NOTOK

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Laser Cutter Materials Continued

Thematerialslistedherearebannedfromlasercutting.Ifyouattempttocutanythinglistedbelowyouwillbeissueda$50fine.

BANNED MATERIALS

Material BannedReasonPETG,PET Alongwithotheremissions,isknowntoemitBenzenewhichisknowntocausecancer.Polystyrene Knowntoemitstyrenefumes.ABS Emitscyanidegasandtendstomelt.PVC Emitschlorinegasduringacut.BendingPlywood Bendsintothepathofthelasercarriageduringoperation.TropicalHardwoods Alotoftropicalhardwoodshavetoxinsinthewood.Corian CreatesafinegritinsidethelaserbedandwillgrinddownequipmentCastingWax Meltsalot.Nylon Emitstoxicfumes.Vinyl EmitschlorinegasduringacutDelrin Alongwithotheremissions,isknowntoemitBenzenewhichisknowntocausecancer.Foamcore Foamcoreisanexpandedpolystyreneandisknowntoemitstyrenefumeswhencut.

Special Condition MaterialsMaterialslistedfromheremustbeboughtfromthevendorlistedorafterapprovalfromanlabmanager.Receiptsmustbepresenteduponrequestoryouwillnotbeabletocutthematerialinquestion.

Material RasterEngraving VectorEngraving VectorCutNon-ResaleAcrylic Vendor: Inventables, McMaster-Carr, Peterson’s Plastics OK OK OK

MirroredAcylicVendor: Inventables, McMaster-Carr, Peterson’s PlasticsOther notes: Material must be masked off and mirrored side face down during the cutting process.

OK OK OK

WoolFelt(GradeF10)Vendor: McMasterOther notes: Raster engraving can create very smelly cuts. Please bag off all materials after cutting. Extended ventilation also highly suggested.

OK OK OK

UnglazedPorcelainTileVendor: AnyOther notes: Engraving this material produces a very bright point at the beam. Do not look directly at the beam.

OK OK NOTPOSSIBLE

RowmarkPlasticsVendor: InventablesOther notes: The following Rowmark products are okay; LaserMark, LaserMax, Flexibrass/Flexicolor, Textures, ADA Alternative

OK OK OK

Non-ResaleFabricsOther notes: Material cannot be dyed unless proof of natural dyes.

OK OK OK

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