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GSE M&M. WEEK 11. Today’s Schedule. Return Quizzes and other papers Review CLT and presentation groups Application of CLT methods The Natural Approach Cooperative Language Learning Content Based Instruction Task-based Language Teaching Sample Lesson Plan - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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GSE M&MWEEK 11
Today’s Schedule Return Quizzes and other papers Review CLT and presentation groups Application of CLT methods
The Natural Approach Cooperative Language Learning Content Based Instruction Task-based Language Teaching
Sample Lesson Plan How does this lesson plan follow your method? How could you modify this lesson to better fit your
method?
Introduction to Current MethodsCommunicative Language Teaching marked the
beginning of the current language teaching meth-ods period
Began in the 1980s Applied linguistics began emphasizing functional
and communicative potential of language, and modifying teaching practices to emphasize these
The philosophy of CLT has spawned several teach-ing practices including the Natural Approach, Con-tent-Based Teaching, Task-Based Teaching, and others
Communicative Language Teaching Is seen as an approach to language teaching (not method) Learning to use English (weak) vs using English to learn it
(strong) No one book or authority on CLT
Focus on communication from the beginning (not delayed)Learner-centered and experienced-based Language carries out a task and is meaningful to learners
Syllabi consist of Topics (food, weather)Functions (describing, requesting info) Notions (time, frequency, duration,Vocabulary and grammar needed
Comparing Current Methods (handout)
Project #2 Current Methods 2-3 people per group (Natural, Coop, CBI, TBLT) Assignment: Teach a Mini Lesson ~15 minutes using your selected
method. Structure
Introduce method, tell us what we will see in your lesson, what age/level we (the students) are
Teach your lesson Conclusion and Q&A
Other considerations Your project’s unity (dividing up the roles equally) is very important You will need to turn in a lesson plan stating everyone’s roles Someone will need to introduce the lesson, 2-3 people can take turns
teaching Someone will need to make materials (worksheet + PPT) for the lesson
Grading Rubric
Unity/evenly divided roles 10 points
Method clearly demonstrated 15 points Materials (handouts, PPTs, etc) 10 points Use other resources besides textbook 5 points Participation
10 points
Total 50 points
Sign Up Sheet
Student 1 Student 2 Student 3
The Natural Approach
Yong Min JooWon
Cooperative Learning
Content Based Instruction
Peggy Rose
Task Based Language Teaching
Application of Methods to Teaching
How will you teach a mini-lesson using this method?
All methods we are studying are varia-tions of Communicative Language Teach-ingFocused on communicationLearner CenteredStudents complete tasks by using EnglishMaterials: text-based, task-based, and realia
Application of Methods to Teaching Determine your students’
AgeAbilityBackground knowledge (in relation to task)
Decide what content you want to teachReading, Writing, Listening, Speaking focus?Grammar or vocabulary? Do you want to teach about culture?
Types of Materials
Text-based: TextbooksTask-based: handbooks, cue cards, activity
cards, pair communication materialsGames, Role plays, Communication activ-
ities (information gap, jigsaw)Realia: Real life materials
advertisements, menus, maps, charts
Procedures
present a dialogueOral practice Q&AStudy communicative expressionsLearner discovery of rulesOral recognition or production activities
The Natural Approach Input hypothesis i+1
Acquisition/Learning Hypothesis: competency can be developed through acquiring an L2 like an L1, and through learning conscious rules about the language
Monitor hypothesis: Ss need time, focus on the form, knowledge of rules to initiate conscious learning
Affective Filter Hypothesis: Motivation, Self-Confi-dence, and anxiety reduction needed for effective learning
The Natural Approach
Basic personal communication skills: oral, writ-ten
Academic learning skills: oral, written
Stages of learning: pre-production, early-pro-duction, and speech-emergent
Use realia rather than textbooks
No unique techniques, so do whatever you like
Cooperative Language Learning
Most speech is organized in conversation, focus on communicative competency
Critical thinking skills, question matrix
Cooperative activities: formal groups, informal groups, cooperative base groups
Individual accountability
Cooperative Language Learning
Team practice from common input, jig-saw activities, discovery learning
Importance of materials to aid coopera-tive learning
Content-Based Instruction
Decide which content to teach through English
Different programs to model: Immigrant On-Arrival Programs Limited English Proficiency (LEP)
English for Specific Purposes (LSP) Theme-based language instruction, sheltered content
instruction (SIOP) adjunct language instruction, team-teach approach, skills-based approach
Content-Based Instruction
Language is a means of acquiring information. CBI activities emphasize the need to learn a lan-guage
Language is text and discourse based, on inte-grated skills, and purposeful
Build on learner’s background knowledge. Teach skills and strategies for acquiring knowledge.
Learn by doing and through collaborative learning Materials are heavily used
Task-Based Language Teaching
Tasks give students a context for learning to take place.
Focus on process rather than product “Getting there is half of the fun!”
Categories of team performance: orientation, organiza-tional functions, adaptation, and motivational func-tions
TBLT is a learning theory rather than language theory – language is a means of making meaning, draw on structural, functional and interactional models of lan-guage
Task-Based Language Teaching
Choose a real world task that meets needs of learners
Figure out what pedagogical tasks can be accom-plished through the real world task
Figure out what your goal is and how students will achieve that goal (p.234)
Figure out how to prepare learners, and sequence the task for optimal learning (pre task, task and post task)
Real world materials emphasized
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