View
217
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Reminder: An appreciation of dates
• Pre 1914 – Austro-Hungarian empire; Czechoslovakia created
1918
• 1918-1939• 1939-1945
– German occupation
• 1945-1989– Communist regime (Influenced by Russia)– “Prague spring” 1968– “Velvet revolution” November 1989
• Post 1989
Traditional industries (1)• “Heavy industry”
– Engineering• Skoda• Tesla
– Mining• “Black” coal• “Soft” coal• Clay• Graphite• Silver Uranium
Traditional industries (1)• “Heavy industry”
– Engineering• Skoda• Tesla
– Mining• “Black” coal• “Soft” coal• Clay• Graphite• Silver Uranium
Why did the uranium mines close?The Czechoslovakia (Czech Republic) had/has
no means of processing raw uranium into usableuranium, and their former guaranteed market place (USSR)
no longer existed.
Traditional industries (2)• Specialised
– Chemical– Medical– Shoes– Glassware– Contact lenses– Films– Musical instruments
etc, etc, etc………
Traditional industries (3)
• Other– Brewing
…….also, wines and spirits
– Agribusiness• Livestock milk/cheese/meat• Timber• Fruit/vegetables
etc, etc, etc………
During the years up to 1939
• Czech business was oriented towards the west
• Czechoslovakia was the 10th most developed industrialised country in the world
After 2nd World War:
• Communist era• Czechoslovakia became the
“workshop of the Soviet bloc”• 70% of exports went to Soviet bloc• Series of yearly and 5-yearly plans
In more detail….in 1974:
• Skoda• Tesla • Bata
In more detail….in 1974:
• Skoda• Tesla • Bata
Europe in the 1970’s
Exports toSoviet bloc
Other exports70%
30%
Europe 1978: Czechoslovakia was considered the workshop of the Soviet bloc
Nowadays
• European Union is the biggest trade partner
• In 2008, more than 84% exports went to the EU-15 countries
• Sharp increase of foreign investment, especially from Germany
Current Czech manufacturing industries
include:• Automotive• Aerospace• Electrical engineering and
electronics• High-tech engineering• Life sciences• Medical devices
Automotive industry in the Czech Republic
Passenger car production (per 100 residents)Source: Automobile Industry 4/2006
Some recent foreign investments in the Czech
automotive industry• Volkswagen – sole owner of Skoda
• Toyota-Peugeot-Citroen• Iveco
Current Czech manufacturing industries
include:• Automotive• Aerospace• Electrical engineering and
electronics• High-tech engineering• Life sciences• Medical devices
Aerospace industry in the Czech republic
• 10,000 people working across the country
Current Czech manufacturing industries
include:• Automotive• Aerospace• Electrical engineering and
electronics• High-tech engineering• Life sciences• Medical devices
Examples of who does what:
(1) consumer electronics• Panasonic
– flat-panels
• TVHitachi– flat-panels
• TVIPS Alpha– LCD modules
• Bang & Olufsen– various consumer electronics
• Candy– refrigerators
Examples of who does what:
(2) automotive• Kostal
– electronic modules
• Visteon/Autopal– lighting
• Tyco Electronics– various components
• Siemens VDO – Automotivecontrol modules, sensors,
panels
Examples of who does what:(3) IT
• Foxconn– PC routers
• Asus– PC– High-tech repair centre
• FIC– PC
• Inventec– PC
Current Czech manufacturing industries
include:• Automotive• Aerospace• Electrical engineering and
electronics• High-tech engineering• Life sciences• Medical devices
High-tech engineering
• Between 80% and 90% of production is exported
• R&D driven• Includes:
– Instrumentation– Machine tools– Railway industry
Instrumentation
• Around 4,000 specialised workers in this sector, eg:– Central Bohemia region 13.9%
• Siemens and Linet
– Olomouc region 12.5%• Meopta – optics and Invensis appliance controls
– Prague 12.4%• Honeywell
Machine tools
• Approx 50 companies• About 90% of production are
specialist cutting machines. Approx 80% are exported to:– (mostly) Germany– Other EU countries– US & Canada– and: China, Russia, India and South
America
Railway industry
(Includes tramways)• Three large factories: Prague, Plzen
and Koprivnice• 30% turnover is exported worldwide
Current Czech manufacturing industries
include:• Automotive• Aerospace• Electrical engineering and
electronics• High-tech engineering• Life sciences• Medical devices
Life science and Medical devices
• Life science– Especially Biotech and pharmaceutical industries
• Medical devices, eg:– Hospital beds– Ventilators– X-ray equipment– Dental technology– Mobile hospitals– Technical gases
Links
• Czech Statistics Office: http://www.czso.cz/eng/redakce.nsf/i/home
• Czech Republic (Official website): http://www.czech.cz
Recommended