GEOSYNTHETICS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION S.Jaswant Kumar Chief General Manager (Planning and Quality)...

GEOSYNTHETICS IN GEOSYNTHETICS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTIONROAD CONSTRUCTION

S.Jaswant KumarS.Jaswant KumarChief General Manager (Planning and Quality)Chief General Manager (Planning and Quality)

National Highways Authority Of IndiaNational Highways Authority Of India

Introduction Introduction GeosyntheticGeosynthetic--OverviewOverviewGeosynthetics ApplicationsGeosynthetics ApplicationsImpedimentsImpedimentsSuggestions Suggestions

GeosyntheticsGeosynthetics

Modern civil engineering construction Modern civil engineering construction materialsmaterials

Modify/Improve soil/geologic material Modify/Improve soil/geologic material behaviourbehaviour

Developed/Synthesized for specific Developed/Synthesized for specific function or application in constructionfunction or application in construction

More than 1billion sq m annual useMore than 1billion sq m annual use

Geosynthetics –The wide varietyGeosynthetics –The wide variety

Geotextiles –Woven, non-woven Filter Geotextiles –Woven, non-woven Filter fabricsfabrics

GeogridsGeogrids GeomembranesGeomembranes GeocompositesGeocomposites Geonets, Geofibres,mesh mattings, Geonets, Geofibres,mesh mattings,

Geopipes, Geotubes.Geopipes, Geotubes.

Woven or Knitted GeotextilesWoven or Knitted Geotextiles

Non-woven GeotextileNon-woven Geotextile

Uniaxial GeogridUniaxial Geogrid

BIAXIAL GEO GRIDBIAXIAL GEO GRID

Woven or Welded GeogridsWoven or Welded Geogrids

GeonetsGeonets

GeocompositesGeocomposites

Geosynthetics – compositionGeosynthetics – composition

PolypropylenePolypropylene H D P EH D P E PolyesterPolyester PVCPVC Synthetic RubberSynthetic Rubber Natural fibres – Jute, coirNatural fibres – Jute, coir

COIR GEOTEXTILESCOIR GEOTEXTILES

Geosynthetics – the functionsGeosynthetics – the functions

SeparationSeparation DrainageDrainage FiltrationFiltration ReinforcementReinforcement Moisture barrierMoisture barrier CushionCushion

Separation functionSeparation function

Drainage functionDrainage function

Filtration functionFiltration function

Reinforcement functionReinforcement function

REINFORCEMENT FUNCTION

Geomembrane Seepage BarrierGeomembrane Seepage Barrier

Lateral Restraint

Bearing Capacity Increase

Membrane Tension Support

GEOCELL MATRESS UNDER EMBANKMENT ON SOFT SOIL

Geocell in the makingGeocell in the making

Geotextile wrapping of GeocellGeotextile wrapping of Geocell

Concrete Facia Panels for GRS Concrete Facia Panels for GRS WallWall

Erosion Control BlanketErosion Control Blanket

Design Requirements for Design Requirements for Asphalt PavementsAsphalt Pavements

Grid Locations for Asphalt Grid Locations for Asphalt reinforcementreinforcement

Reflection CrackingReflection Cracking

Locate near to Locate near to existing discontinuityexisting discontinuity

Mechanistic design Mechanistic design method still evolvingmethod still evolving

Stiff geogrid bestStiff geogrid best Geotextile can Geotextile can

waterproofwaterproof

Rutting in OverlaysRutting in Overlays

Locate where Locate where strains are largest; strains are largest; mid-depthmid-depth

Increase in life to Increase in life to critical rut of three critical rut of three timestimes

Requires stiff Requires stiff geogridgeogrid

GLASS GRID UNDER OVER LAYGLASS GRID UNDER OVER LAY

ROAD WIDENINGROAD WIDENING

bitumen emulsion layer

GLASS GRID

Overlay

ROAD WIDENING

Other Applications in HighwaysOther Applications in Highways

Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil WallsGeosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls Reinforced soil slopesReinforced soil slopes Subsurface Drainage systems-trench Subsurface Drainage systems-trench

drains, strip drainsdrains, strip drains Stabilising canal road systems in Stabilising canal road systems in

expansive soil regions.expansive soil regions. PVD. PVD.

Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil WallWall

Geosynthetic Band drains

Impediments Impediments

Most of the Geosynthetics are imported.Most of the Geosynthetics are imported. Test Methodology they adopt is from country of Test Methodology they adopt is from country of

origin.origin. Test could be of:-Test could be of:- International standards (ISO TC221 Geosynthetics).International standards (ISO TC221 Geosynthetics). European Standards (CFN TC Geosynthetics).European Standards (CFN TC Geosynthetics). German Standards DIN textiles norms.German Standards DIN textiles norms. British Standards BSBritish Standards BS American Standards ASTM.American Standards ASTM. Very few Indian Standards.Very few Indian Standards.

specificationsspecifications

Specifications are from international Specifications are from international organizations.organizations.

AASHO.AASHO. British Textile Technology Group - BTTG.British Textile Technology Group - BTTG. DGGT- EBGEO, Germany.DGGT- EBGEO, Germany. Geosynthetics Research Institute, USAGeosynthetics Research Institute, USA Presence of large number of test methods & Presence of large number of test methods &

specifications are a matter of concern and specifications are a matter of concern and confusion. confusion.

Need for TestingNeed for Testing

Index Testing-Basic Properties of ProductsIndex Testing-Basic Properties of Products Quality control tests- Rapid testing to Quality control tests- Rapid testing to

assure continuity of equality.assure continuity of equality. Performance testing- Testing of Performance testing- Testing of

Geosynthetics in contact with soil under Geosynthetics in contact with soil under standard conditions in the lab to provide standard conditions in the lab to provide better simulation of site conditions. Also in better simulation of site conditions. Also in full scale on site.full scale on site.

R&D FACILITIESR&D FACILITIES

Available R&D facilities:-Available R&D facilities:- IITs, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai.IITs, Delhi, Chennai, Mumbai. BTRABTRA CRRICRRI CCRI, Coir BoardCCRI, Coir Board SASMIRASASMIRA Manufacturers Lab.Manufacturers Lab.

R&D FACILITIESR&D FACILITIES

The existing Labs may have excellent facilities The existing Labs may have excellent facilities butbut

May not necessarily have all relevant May not necessarily have all relevant facilities for test house.facilities for test house.

May not maintain ambient temperature and May not maintain ambient temperature and humidity as required by ISO (21± 2°humidity as required by ISO (21± 2°CC &65%). &65%).

May not have necessary Grips for all varieties May not have necessary Grips for all varieties of Geosynthetics.of Geosynthetics.

May not have skilled/Trained Technicians.May not have skilled/Trained Technicians. Not accredited.Not accredited.

SUGGESTIONSSUGGESTIONS Need for establishing national organisation to Need for establishing national organisation to

address the problems.address the problems.Role:-Role:-1)1) Functions as a Geosynthetics test house.Functions as a Geosynthetics test house.i.i. QC checking at the place of manufacturer.QC checking at the place of manufacturer.ii.ii. Property assessment of the product for the Property assessment of the product for the

designer. designer. iii.iii. 33rdrd party quality control testing of product. party quality control testing of product.iv.iv. Testing & evaluation for product certifications.Testing & evaluation for product certifications.v.v. Testing for R&D needs.Testing for R&D needs.

SUGGESTIONSSUGGESTIONS

2)2) Render advice to the industry & Govt.Render advice to the industry & Govt.

3)3) Organise short refresher & training Organise short refresher & training programs.programs.

4)4) Develop laison with all specifying dept. Develop laison with all specifying dept. like BIS, IRC & International institutions.like BIS, IRC & International institutions.

Immediate Standardization of Immediate Standardization of specifications, test procedures.specifications, test procedures.

Code on the lines of BS 8006.Code on the lines of BS 8006.

THANK YOU