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George Washington’s Presidency
1789-1797
Washington’s Inauguration
Washington’s Cabinet
• Secretary of War – Henry Knox
• Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson
• Secretary of the Treasury
• Supreme Court Chief Justice – John Jay
Washington, DC
Location of WDC
• Site: compromise between Alexander Hamilton/northern states and Thomas Jefferson/southern states
• Location: included two existing port towns of Georgetown, Maryland and Alexandria, Virginia
People
• George Washington: chose the site and appointed three commissioners to help prepare for the arrival of the new government in 1800.
• Pierre Charles L'Enfant: designed the city
• Benjamin Banneker: a self-taught African-American mathematical genius, provided the astronomical calculations for surveying and layout of the city.
French Revolution
• Begins on July 14, 1789 with the Storming of the Bastille
French Revolution ends in 1804 when Napoleon become Emperor of France
Political Parties
• Democratic- Republicans• Federalists
John Adams’ Presidency
1797-1801
John and Abigail Adams
Thomas Jefferson’s Presidency
1801-1809
Aaron Burr
Louisiana Purchase
• Buys from Napoleon for $15 million (about 3 cents/acre)
• includes New Orleans and doubles the size of the US
• TJ sends Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore. Got Sacagawea to help (see map p. 320)
• Another explorer was Zebulon Pike
Tensions with Great Britain
• US trading with Spain, France, and Russia• GB doesn’t like b/c at war with France – attack
US merchant ships; impress US sailors; also set up blockades against US ships
• If US doesn’t trade, angers France – “catch 22”• EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 – stops all foreign
trade…DISASTER!!!
Henry Clay
War Hawks
James Madison’s Presidency
1809-1817
War of 1812
Eli Whitney
Whitney’s inventions
James Monroe’s Presidency
1817-1825
Missouri Compromise of 1820
• Designed by Henry Clay• Missouri – slave• Maine – free• No more slavery in LA Territory NORTH of
Missouri
John Quincy Adams’ Presidency
1825-1829
The Campaign of 1824
• Henry Clay• John Quincy Adams• William Crawford• Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson’s Presidency
1829-1837
Trail of Tears
Sectional Differences
• Sale of Public Land (cheap)– North doesn’t like (people will leave)– West likes (increase people)
• Internal Improvements– North likes– West likes– South doesn’t like b/c use TARIFFS to pay for
improvements
Tariffs
• Tax on imported goods– North likes (buy AMERICAN)– South doesn’t like b/c depend on foreign trade –
much use of credit instead of $• 1832 – SC threatens to secede• Henry Clay comes up with compromise
William Henry Harrison’s Presidency
1841 – lasts on one month
Manifest Destiny
• Lure of the West• $• Resources• GOLD• See p. 395
“Remember the Alamo”
Immigration EXPLODESPush-Pull Factors
• Push Factors– Population growth in Europe– Agriculture changes– Crop failures (i.e. potato famine in Ireland)– Industrial Revolution– Religious/Political Turmoil
• Pull Factors– Freedom– Economic Opportunities– Abundant Land
Underground Railroad
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