GENERAL SURGERY Case Presentation III-B Dr. Erasmo Members: de Leon, Gemma de Mesa, Angelica de...

GENERAL SURGERYCase Presentation

III-B Dr. Erasmo

Members: de Leon, Gemma de Mesa, Angelica

de Vera, Jestha dela Cruz, Ciara

HPI

Basis: Usual manifestation of Colon Cancer

Basis: Other manifestation of Colon Cancer

• Double contrast Barium enema• Colonoscopy• CT Scan• MRI• Virtual colonoscopy

• colon is first filled with barium • the barium is drained out, leaving only a thin layer of

barium on the wall of the colon• colon is then filled with air • This provides a detailed view of the inner surface of

the colon, making it easier to see narrowed areas (strictures), diverticula, or inflammation.

• This technique can miss the (less common) flat polyp.

• A lighted probe called a colonoscope is inserted into the rectum and the entire colon to look for polyps and other abnormalities that may be caused by cancer.

• A colonoscopy has the advantage that if polyps are found during the procedure they can be immediately removed.

• Tissue can also be taken for biopsy.

• an x-ray test that produces detailed cross-sectional images of your body• Instead of taking one picture, like a regular x-ray, a CT scanner takes

many pictures as it rotates around you while you lie on a table.• A computer then combines these pictures into images of slices of the

part of your body being studied.• Unlike a regular x-ray, a CT scan creates detailed images of the soft

tissues in the body.• This test can help tell if colon cancer has spread into your liver or other

organs.

• provide detailed images of soft tissues in the body• uses radio waves and strong magnets instead of x-rays• useful in looking at abnormal areas in the liver that might be due to

cancer spread• They can also help determine the extent of rectal cancers.• little more uncomfortable than CT scans• First, they take longer -- often up to an hour. • Second, you have to lie inside a narrow tube, which is confining and can

upset people with claustrophobia

• replaces X-ray films in the double contrast barium enema with a special computed tomography scan

• requires special workstation software in order for the radiologist to interpret

• This technique is approaching colonoscopy in sensitivity for polyps. • However, any polyps found must still be removed by standard

colonoscopy.

• • Surgery is the ONLY hope• Adjuvant chemotherapy for Colon CA– Stage III disease– High risk Stage II disease• Obstruction• High grade histology